JP4830876B2 - トンネル型磁気検出素子及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
トンネル型磁気検出素子及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 194
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910020598 Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002519 Co-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 381
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 44
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 26
- 230000005290 antiferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005293 ferrimagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002885 antiferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017060 Fe Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002544 Fe-Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020707 Co—Pt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DTJAVSFDAWLDHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co].[Pt] Chemical compound [Cr].[Co].[Pt] DTJAVSFDAWLDHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005316 antiferromagnetic exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUBSQCSIIDQXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt platinum Chemical compound [Co].[Pt].[Pt].[Pt] GUBSQCSIIDQXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01F10/324—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
- H01F10/3254—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer the spacer being semiconducting or insulating, e.g. for spin tunnel junction [STJ]
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Description
下から第1磁性層、絶縁障壁層、第2磁性層の順で積層され、前記第1磁性層及び第2磁性層のうち一方が、磁化方向が固定される固定磁性層で、他方が外部磁界により磁化方向が変動するフリー磁性層であり、
前記絶縁障壁層は、Ti−Ta−Oからなり、
前記絶縁障壁層を構成するTiとTaの各濃度をあわせて100at%としたときに、Ta濃度は、0at%より大きく、7at%以下であることを特徴とするものである。
また本発明では、前記第1磁性層が固定磁性層で、前記第2磁性層がフリー磁性層であり、前記フリー磁性層は下からCo−Feで形成されたエンハンス層,Ni−Feで形成された軟磁性層の順に積層されていることが、より効果的に抵抗変化率(ΔR/R)を増大させる上で好ましい。
(b) 前記Ti層及び前記Ta層を酸化処理して、Ti−Ta−Oからなる絶縁障壁層を形成する工程、
(c) 前記絶縁障壁層上に第2磁性層を形成する工程。
前記反強磁性層3上には固定磁性層(第1磁性層)4が形成されている。前記固定磁性層4は、下から第1固定磁性層4a、非磁性中間層4b、第2固定磁性層4cの順で積層された積層フェリ構造である。前記反強磁性層3との界面での交換結合磁界(Hex)及び非磁性中間層4bを介した反強磁性的交換結合磁界(RKKY的相互作用)により前記第1固定磁性層4aと第2固定磁性層4cの磁化方向は互いに反平行状態にされる。これは、いわゆる積層フェリ構造と呼ばれ、この構成により前記固定磁性層4の磁化を安定した状態にでき、また前記固定磁性層4と反強磁性層3との界面で発生する交換結合磁界を見かけ上大きくすることができる。なお前記第1固定磁性層4a及び第2固定磁性層4cは例えば12〜24Å程度で形成され、非磁性中間層4bは8Å〜10Å程度で形成される。
前記積層体T1のトラック幅方向(図示X方向)における両側端面11,11は、下側から上側に向けて徐々に前記トラック幅方向の幅寸法が小さくなるように傾斜面で形成されている。
前記絶縁障壁層5は、例えば図1に示すように積層構造で形成されている。図1では、Ti−O(酸化チタン)層5a上にTa−O(酸化マグネシウム)層5bが重ねて形成されている。
このようにTa層15は非常に薄いため、Ti層14上に間欠的に形成される。
積層体T1を、下から、下地層1;Ta(30)/シード層2;{Ni49at%Fe12at%Cr39at%(50)/反強磁性層3;Ir26at%Mn74at%(70)/固定磁性層4[第1固定磁性層4a;Co70at%Fe30at%(16)/非磁性中間層4b;Ru(9.1)/第2固定磁性層4c;Co90at%Fe10at%(18)]/絶縁障壁層5/フリー磁性層6[Fe90at%Co10at%(10)/Ni86at%Fe14at%(50)]/保護層7;Ru(10)/Ta(190)の順に積層した。なお括弧内の数値は平均膜厚を示し単位はÅである。
前記積層体T1を形成した後、270℃で3時間40分間、アニール処理を行った。
4 固定磁性層
4a 第1固定磁性層
4b 非磁性中間層
4c 第2固定磁性層
5 絶縁障壁層
5a Ti−O層
5b Ta−O層
6 フリー磁性層
7 保護層
14 Ti層
15 Ta層
22、24 絶縁層
23 ハードバイアス層
Claims (11)
- 下から第1磁性層、絶縁障壁層、第2磁性層の順で積層され、前記第1磁性層及び第2磁性層のうち一方が、磁化方向が固定される固定磁性層で、他方が外部磁界により磁化方向が変動するフリー磁性層であり、
前記絶縁障壁層は、Ti−Ta−Oからなり、
前記絶縁障壁層を構成するTiとTaの各濃度をあわせて100at%としたときに、Ta濃度は、0at%より大きく、7at%以下であることを特徴とするトンネル型磁気検出素子。 - 前記Ta濃度は、1.85at%以上で5.34at%以下である請求項1記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記絶縁障壁層内にはTaの組成変調領域が形成されている請求項1又は2に記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記絶縁障壁層は、Ti−O(酸化チタン)層の内部、上面、あるいは下面のうち少なくともいずれか1箇所に、Ta−O(酸化タンタル)層が形成された構造である請求項1又は2に記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記Ta−O(酸化タンタル)層は形成面上に間欠的に形成されている請求項4記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記絶縁障壁層は、Ti−Ta合金を酸化して形成されたものである請求項1又は2に記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 前記第1磁性層が固定磁性層で、前記第2磁性層がフリー磁性層であり、前記フリー磁性層は下からCo−Feで形成されたエンハンス層,Ni−Feで形成された軟磁性層の順に積層されている請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子。
- 以下の工程を有することを特徴とするトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
(a) 第1磁性層上に、Ti(チタン)層とTa(タンタル)層との積層構造を形成し、この際、前記Ta層の平均膜厚(Ta層が複数層ある場合には、各Ta層の平均膜厚を足した合計膜厚)と前記Ti層(Ti層が複数層ある場合には、各Ti層の平均膜厚を足した合金膜厚)の平均膜厚とを足した前記積層構造の全膜厚に対する前記Ta層の膜厚比を、0%よりも大きく7.14%以下にする工程、
(b) 前記Ti層及び前記Ta層を酸化処理して、Ti−Ta−Oからなる絶縁障壁層を形成する工程、
(c) 前記絶縁障壁層上に第2磁性層を形成する工程。 - 前記(a)工程において、前記Ta層の平均膜厚を0Åより大きく0.4Åより小さい範囲内とする請求項8記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
- 前記(a)工程において、前記Ta層の膜厚比を、1.89%以上5.45%以下とする請求項8記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
- 前記(a)工程において、前記Ta層の平均膜厚を0.1Å以上0.3Å以下とする請求項10記載のトンネル型磁気検出素子の製造方法。
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