JP4822875B2 - Seawater detoxification device and ship equipped with this device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention mainly removes microorganisms in untreated seawater to form clean treated seawater and stores it in a ballast water tank, or clean untreated seawater stored in a ballast water tank during voyage. It is applied to ballast water treatment that is performed when untreated seawater is discharged from the ballast water tank as clean treated seawater, and mechanical treatment such as electrolytic treatment and filter treatment is performed on seawater containing untreated seawater. The present invention relates to a detoxification device for seawater that performs microorganism separation treatment to remove microorganisms in the seawater and converts it into clean treated seawater, and a ship equipped with this device.

  When a ship such as a tanker is navigating with no load such as oil loaded, seawater that is stored in the ballast water tank, that is, ballast water, is a cause of ecosystem destruction due to the movement of marine organisms, etc. It is said that detoxification treatment is required internationally to remove microorganisms in untreated seawater to make clean treated seawater.

As such a detoxification method for seawater, the techniques of Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 2794537), Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-192161), and Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-200156) are provided. ing.
In the technique of Patent Document 1, the ballast water tank is emptied or water is left in the bottom, and then the temperature of precipitates remaining in the ballast water tank is raised to a temperature higher than the killing temperature of harmful plankton and bacteria. Heated to a predetermined time.

In the technique of Patent Document 2, a high voltage pulse is applied to the ballast water in the ballast water tank, a high voltage pulse is directly applied to the harmful microorganisms, and discharge is caused therein to kill or sterilize the harmful microorganisms. Alternatively, the harmful microorganisms are indirectly killed or sterilized by a shock wave generated by arc discharge between the electrodes.
In the technique of Patent Document 3, a slit plate having a plurality of elongated slits is attached in the cross-sectional direction in the middle of the flow path in the pipe, and untreated seawater is allowed to pass through the slit, thereby allowing the microorganisms of the untreated seawater to pass through. It is damaged and killed or sterilized.

Japanese Patent No. 2794537 JP 2002-192161 A JP 2003-200156 A

In the technique of Patent Document 1, since the ballast water tank is empty or in a state where water remains in the bottom, there is a risk of damaging the hull due to local stress concentration. Further, since the ballast water tank is heated over a wide range so as to raise the temperature of the sediment accumulated in the entire bottom of the ballast water tank, the heating work takes time and labor, and the processing cost increases.
Moreover, in the technique of patent document 2, since a large-scale high voltage pulse application equipment is required, an installation cost and an operating cost become high.
Furthermore, in the technique of Patent Document 3, large-sized microorganisms can be killed or sterilized by passing untreated seawater through a slit, but small-sized bacteria are killed or sterilized. Have difficulty.

Therefore, the inventors have proposed an invention that solves such a problem in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-135389.
However, in such an invention, the following problems that occur when microorganisms in seawater including untreated seawater are subjected to electrolytic treatment and filter treatment to remove the microorganisms and accommodate in the ballast water tank should be solved as follows. There is no mention of issues.

(1) In a filter process that removes relatively large microorganisms in seawater by a filtration method in which seawater is passed through a filter device, and a chlorination process that generates a chlorine-containing substance from seawater, treated wastewater containing high-concentration microorganisms Therefore, an appropriate treatment method for this treated wastewater is required, and an appropriate treatment method is also required for preventing contamination of seawater piping by microorganisms in the treated wastewater.
(2) When removing microorganisms in seawater using a filter device, due to the pressure loss of the filter device, it was installed in the seawater treatment line due to insufficient tension water pressure in the ballast water tank, increased time required for the tension water, and The load of the seawater transport pump increases, causing problems such as a reduction in pump life.
(3) The filter device is provided with a rotation mechanism, and in the prior art, untreated seawater is mixed into the treated water from the shaft seal portion, so an appropriate seal structure is required.

  Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an appropriate treatment means for treatment wastewater generated during seawater detoxification treatment and an appropriate pollution prevention means for seawater piping due to microorganisms in the treatment wastewater, and a treatment line. Pump life due to insufficient pressure in the ballast water tank due to pressure loss of the installed filter device, increase in time required for the tension water, and load on the seawater transfer pump installed in the seawater treatment line An object of the present invention is to provide a seawater detoxification treatment apparatus capable of solving problems such as a decrease in water and a ship equipped with this apparatus.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a seawater detoxification device configured to remove microorganisms in untreated seawater and convert it into clean treated seawater and store it in a ballast water tank.
A screen that passes untreated seawater through a seawater treatment line connected to the ballast water tank and captures waste; and a pump that transports the seawater that has passed through the screen and from which dust has been removed to the ballast water tank; And a filter device that is provided on the outlet side of the pump of the processing line, and that filters the seawater from which the dust has been removed by a filtration method through a filter and removes microorganisms that can be captured by the filter medium of the filter The detoxification treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a booster pump is provided at the outlet side portion of the filter device of the treatment line for sucking seawater at the filter device outlet and transporting it to the ballast water tank. In the processing unit.

According to this invention, since the treated waste water after the removal of microorganisms by the filter device is discharged to the supply area of the ballast water, the pollution of the sea area and the ecosystem caused by discharging the treated waste water to other sea areas Change can be prevented.
Further, seawater contained in a ballast water tank after removing microorganisms and chlorinating in the filter device is used as wash water, and this wash water reaches the filter device by a pump installed on the upstream side of the filter device. Since the seawater treatment line is washed, microorganisms adhere to the treatment line from the pump to the filter device, the inside of the filter device, the drainage line of the treatment wastewater generated by the removal treatment of microorganisms by the filter device, and the attached microorganisms Can be prevented from being discharged into the sea area.

  According to the invention, for example, when a filter device is installed on an existing ship, the increase in the pressure loss of the filter device is compensated by lifting the booster pump provided at the outlet side portion of the filter device of the seawater treatment line. Further, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the tension water pressure and an increase in the time required for the tension water. Furthermore, an increase in the load of the existing seawater transport pump can be prevented, and the life of the pump can be extended.

In such an invention, preferably, the chlorine-containing substance produced by branching the seawater after passing through the filter device from the processing line and introducing the seawater into the electrolytic device through the extraction line, and electrolyzing the seawater in the electrolytic device. An electrolytic device for killing or sterilizing microorganisms by injecting into the processing line via an injection line is provided, and the booster pump is installed upstream of the extraction line branch of the processing line.
If comprised in this way, the raising of a processing line can be increased with a booster pump, and also the seawater circulation to an electrolyzer can be performed smoothly.

Specifically, the filter device is preferably configured as follows.
(1) The filter device includes a cylindrical filter having at least a rotation mechanism and an injection nozzle for cleaning the filter surface, and treated seawater is conveyed from the inside of the cylindrical filter to a ballast water supply line. The mold filter is washed with seawater sprayed from the spray nozzle while rotating, and the treated wastewater is discharged to the supply area of the ballast water.
(2) The seal structure provided in the rotation mechanism of the filter device is configured to prevent mixing of untreated seawater into the treated water through the shaft seal.
(3) The seal structure is provided with a hole in the shaft of the cylindrical filter so that untreated seawater entering from the shaft seal can be conveyed to the treatment drainage line.
(4) A current is applied from above the cylindrical filter.

  A ship equipped with the detoxification processing apparatus configured as described above is also within the scope of the present invention.

According to the present invention, the treated wastewater after the removal of microorganisms by the filter device or the like is discharged to the supply area of the ballast water, so that the pollution and ecosystem of the sea area by discharging the treated wastewater to other sea areas In addition, washing water consisting of seawater contained in the ballast water tank after the removal of microorganisms in the filter device is washed, and the seawater treatment line that reaches the ballast water tank through the filter device is washed by a pump. Therefore, microorganisms adhere to the processing line from the pump to the filter device, the inside of the filter device, the drainage line of the treatment wastewater generated by the removal of microorganisms by the filter device, and the attached microorganisms are discharged to other sea areas. Can be prevented.
Further, according to the present invention, for example, when a filter device is installed on an existing ship, the booster pump provided at the outlet side portion of the filter device in the seawater treatment line is compensated for by increasing the pressure loss of the filter device. Further, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the tension water pressure and an increase in the time required for the tension water. Furthermore, an increase in the load of the existing seawater transport pump can be prevented, and the life of the pump can be extended.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a detoxifying apparatus for marine ballast water according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a screen for filtering untreated seawater to capture foreign matters such as dust, 2 is a pump for transporting seawater to the treatment line 6, and 5 is a ballast water tank in which treated seawater is accommodated. Reference numeral 20 denotes a filter processing apparatus installed in the processing line 6. 27 is a discharge pipe for the treated waste water discharged from the filter processing apparatus 20, and 28 is an opening / closing valve for the discharge pipe 27.
4 is a seawater electrolysis apparatus which will be described in detail later. A circulation passage 41 circulates a part of the seawater at the outlet of the pump 2 to the inlet side of the screen 1. Reference numeral 40 denotes a circulation passage that performs detoxification treatment with the filter treatment device 20 and the seawater electrolysis device 4 and circulates the treated seawater before being introduced into the ballast water tank 5 to the suction side of the pump 2.
A cleaning line 25 is branched from immediately before the opening / closing valve 29 of the processing line 6 and connected to the filter processing apparatus 20, and an opening / closing valve 26 opens / closes the cleaning line 25. Reference numeral 521 denotes a bypass line that connects the circulation passage and the cleaning line 25. Reference numeral 52a denotes an on-off valve that opens and closes the bypass line 521. The bypass line 521 and the on-off valve 52a are provided as necessary.

50 and 51 are on-off valves for opening and closing the inlet and outlet sides of the screen 1 of the processing line 6, 29 and 30 are on-off valves for opening and closing the inlet and outlet sides of the filter processing device 20, and 55 and 56 are the circulation valves. On-off valves for opening and closing the inlet side and the outlet side of the passage 41, 53 and 57 are on-off valves for opening and closing the upstream side and the downstream side of the branching portion of the circulation passage 40 of the processing line 6, and 52 for the processing line 6. It is an on-off valve installed in the downstream of the branch portion of the circulation passage 41. An open / close valve 56 opens and closes the circulation passage 41, and an open / close valve 54 opens and closes the circulation passage 40.
63 is a passage connecting the ballast water tank and the inlet portion of the circulation passage 40, and 63a is an on-off valve for opening and closing the passage 63.
The branching portion of the circulation passage 40 can be located upstream of the extraction line 7 of the seawater electrolysis apparatus 4 described later.

  FIG. 3 shows the details of the seawater electrolyzer 4 in which 43 is a storage tank, 44 is a pump, 41 is an electrolyzer, and 42 is a power supply for the electrolyzer 41, and extracts seawater for chlorination. It is introduced into the storage tank 43 through a line 7. Then, a circulation path 47 that returns from the storage tank 43 to the storage tank 43 through the pump 44 and the electrolytic tank 41 is formed, and the seawater in the storage tank 43 is circulated through the circulation path 47 by the pump 44. Hypochlorous acid, which is a chlorine-containing substance, is generated from the seawater, and the hypochlorous acid is injected into the treatment line 6 (see FIG. 1) through the injection line 8 in the middle of the circulation path 47. Treated seawater is accommodated in the ballast water tank 5. Reference numerals 45 and 46 are on-off valves.

FIG. 4 shows a preferred example of the filter processing apparatus 20.
In FIG. 4, 201 is a cylindrical filter element, 201a is an element inner chamber, 202 is an element shaft, 205 is a partition plate, 203 is a shaft seal, and the filter element 201 can be rotated by a rotation mechanism (not shown). It is also possible not to provide a rotating mechanism), and foreign matter is filtered by spraying treated water from the outside and passing through the filter element 201.

That is, the filter device 20 includes at least a cylindrical filter element 201 having a rotation mechanism, and an injection nozzle 208 that cleans the surface of the filter element 201, and treated water filtered by the filter element 201 is supplied to the filter element 201. The element inner chamber 201a is conveyed to the ballast water supply line through the passage 206 inside the element shaft 202.
A current is applied from above the filter element 201.
When the filter element 201 is washed, the cylindrical filter element 201 is washed with seawater jetted from the jet nozzle 208 while rotating, and the treated wastewater is discharged to the supply area of ballast water.

Further, the shaft seal 203 installed on the lower support portion of the filter element 201 is in sliding contact with the cylindrical portion 205a continuously provided on the partition plate 205, and passes through the shaft seal 203 of untreated seawater. It is configured to prevent mixing into the treated water.
Reference numeral 204 denotes a hole drilled in the cylindrical portion 205 a, and untreated seawater that has entered from the shaft seal 203 is conveyed to the treated drainage line through the hole 204.

In the first embodiment, when the opening / closing valve 28 of the discharge pipe 27 is opened in the supply area of the ballast water, the treated waste water after the removal of microorganisms by the filter device 20 is discharged to the supply area of the ballast water. Is done.
After the treatment waste water is discharged, the on-off valve 63a, the on-off valve 54, the on-off valve 52, the on-off valve 52a , and the on-off valve 26 are opened while the on-off valve 28 is opened. When the valve 29 is closed and the pump 2 is operated, the clean treated seawater in the ballast water tank 5 passes through the passage 63, the circulation passage 40, the pump 2, and the treatment line 6 between the pump 2 and the filter device 20. After passing through each passage, the filter device 20 is reached through the cleaning line 25.
The treated seawater that has washed the treated drainage passage in the filter device 20 is discharged through the discharge pipe 27 to the supply area of the ballast water. Further, the clean treated seawater may be introduced into the treated drainage passage of the filter device 20 through the bypass line 521.

According to the first embodiment, since the treated waste water after the removal of microorganisms by the filter device 20 is discharged to the supply area of ballast water through the drain pipe 27 , the treated waste water is discharged to other sea areas. Can prevent pollution and ecosystem changes of the sea area.
Also, the removal of microorganisms in the filter device 20 and the seawater stored in the ballast water tank 5 after being chlorinated by the seawater electrolysis device 4 are used as washing water, and this washing water is used upstream of the filter device 20. Since the seawater line 6 leading to the filter device 20 is washed by the pump 2 installed in the pump, the treatment line from the pump to the filter device, the inside of the filter device, and the drainage line for the treated wastewater generated by the removal of microorganisms by the filter device It is possible to prevent the microorganisms from attaching and the attached microorganisms from being discharged to other sea areas.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram (corresponding to FIG. 1) of the detoxifying device for marine ballast water according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, the passage 63 and the on-off valve 63a connecting the ballast water tank of the first embodiment and the inlet portion of the circulation passage 40 are removed (the bypass line 521 and the on-off valve 52a are also removed), On the outlet side of the filter device 20 in the processing line 6, seawater at the outlet of the filter device 20 is sucked into the portion between the junction of the injection line 8 of the seawater electrolysis device 4 and the branch portion of the extraction line 7, and the ballast water tank 5 is provided with a booster pump 80 to be conveyed to the vehicle.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals.

According to the second embodiment, for example, when the filter device 20 is installed on an existing ship, the pressure loss of the filter device 20 occurs due to the booster pump 80 provided at the outlet side portion of the filter device 20 in the processing line 6. By compensating for the increase in water pressure, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the tension water pressure and an increase in the time required for the tension water. Furthermore, an increase in the load of the existing seawater transport pump 2 can be prevented, and the life of the pump 2 can be extended.
Further, since the booster pump 80 is installed in a portion of the processing line 6 between the joining portion of the injection line 8 of the seawater electrolysis apparatus 4 and the branching portion of the extraction line 7, the booster pump 80 operates the processing line. 6 can be increased, and the seawater circulation to the seawater electrolyzer 4 can be smoothly performed.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to provide the appropriate treatment means of the processing waste_water | drain generate | occur | produced at the time of seawater detoxification processing, and the appropriate pollution prevention means of the seawater piping by the microorganisms in a processing wastewater, the pressure of the filter apparatus installed in the processing line It is possible to provide a seawater detoxification method and apparatus that can smoothly supply and discharge ballast water by reducing the load on the seawater transport pump due to loss, and a ship equipped with this apparatus.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a systematic diagram of the detoxification processing apparatus for ship ballast water based on 1st Example of this invention. It is a systematic diagram (corresponding to FIG. 1) of the detoxifying treatment apparatus for marine ballast water according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a systematic diagram of the seawater electrolysis apparatus in the first and second embodiments. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the filter apparatus in the first and second embodiments.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Screen 2 Pump 4 Seawater electrolysis apparatus 5 Ballast water tank 6 Processing line 20 Filter processing apparatus 25 Washing line 27 Discharge pipe 40 Circulation path 63 Circulation path 80 Booster pump

Claims (6)

In the detoxification device for seawater configured to remove microorganisms in untreated seawater and convert it into clean treated seawater and accommodate it in a ballast water tank,
A screen that passes untreated seawater through a seawater treatment line connected to the ballast water tank and captures waste; and a pump that transports the seawater that has passed through the screen and from which dust has been removed to the ballast water tank; And a filter device that is provided on the outlet side of the pump of the processing line, and that filters the seawater from which the dust has been removed by a filtration method through a filter and removes microorganisms that can be captured by the filter medium of the filter The detoxification treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a booster pump is provided at the outlet side portion of the filter device of the treatment line for sucking seawater at the filter device outlet and transporting it to the ballast water tank. Processing equipment.   The seawater after passing through the filter device is branched from the treatment line and introduced into the electrolysis device via the extraction line, and the chlorine-containing substance generated by electrolyzing the seawater in the electrolysis device is treated via the injection line. 2. An innocuous seawater according to claim 1, further comprising an electrolyzer that injects into the line to kill or sterilize microorganisms, and the booster pump is installed upstream of the extraction line branch of the processing line. Processing equipment.   The filter device includes at least a cylindrical filter having a rotation mechanism and an injection nozzle for cleaning the filter surface, and treated seawater is conveyed from the inside of the cylindrical filter to a ballast water supply line. The seawater detoxification treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the seawater is washed with seawater jetted from the jet nozzle while rotating, and the treated wastewater is discharged into a supply area of ballast water.   4. The seawater detoxification process according to claim 3, wherein the seal structure provided in the rotation mechanism of the filter device is configured to prevent mixing of untreated seawater into the treated water through a shaft seal. apparatus.   The seawater according to claim 4, wherein the seal structure is provided with a hole in the shaft of the cylindrical filter so that untreated seawater that has entered from the shaft seal can be conveyed to the treated drainage line. Detoxification processing equipment. A ship provided with the detoxification device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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