KR101122294B1 - Filtering and sterilizing device for ballast water - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water is disclosed. An outer housing; An inlet for introducing seawater into the space in the outer housing; A hollow filter filtering the incoming seawater; An electrolysis electrode surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the hollow filter; An outlet for outflowing filtered and sterilized seawater from the outer housing through the filter and the electrode; A drain for discharging the washing water from the outer housing when the inside of the outer housing is washed; An inlet valve regulating inflow of seawater from the inlet to the hollow portion of the filter; And ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus including a discharge valve for controlling the discharge of the washing water from the hollow portion of the filter to the discharge portion, it is possible to perform the filtration and electrolysis sterilization of the ballast water in one device at the same time In addition, the foreign matter precipitated in the device can be easily removed.

Ballast water treatment device

Description

Filtration and sterilization device of ballast water {FILTERING AND STERILIZING DEVICE FOR BALLAST WATER}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for the filtration and sterilization of ballast water and other sewage of ships.

Cargo ships are operated with seawater in ballast tanks for efficient operation, balance and stability of propellers and rudders in the water when there are not enough cargo. It is called ballast water. Ballast water is a heavy load to control the draft and trim of the ship. It functions to maintain the balance and stability of the ship. It serves as an aid for the rudder to operate effectively in water.

Ballast water has been in use since the late 1870s when ships began to be built of steel, and some ships use ore or sand as ballast without loading ballast water, but today, seawater or fresh water is used as ballast. It is universal.

On the other hand, ballast water taken from seawater or freshwater from a port, waterway or ocean and loaded into a ballast tank includes various marine organisms contained in the seawater or freshwater, which are collected together with the ballast water, and thus the ballast tank of the ship. Is moved to. The intake and discharge of ballast water may vary depending on the industrial development of the country to which the vessel is calling and the absence of resources, etc.Because of the characteristics of the vessel, the oil tankers or bulk carriers that need to load a large amount of ballast water In this case, the exporters of raw materials such as oil producing countries or iron ore are more likely to be exposed to various pathogens and foreign marine species parasitic in ballast water than the importing countries. According to data from the International Maritime Organization (IMO), it is estimated that more than 10 billion tons of ballast water is transported annually worldwide.

The biggest problem with ballast water is that it is basically used as a medium for spreading foreign marine species, that is, the organisms or pathogens in a specific sea area contained in the ballast water are completely different by the vessel containing the ballast water. It is transported to the sea, causing side effects that disturb the environment and ecosystem of the sea. Problems caused by cross-border movement of species in the ballast water cause not only ecosystem disturbances but also significant damage to coastal industries and other commercial activities or resources.

List the problems caused by ballast water: destroy or disrupt existing indigenous ecosystems, threaten fisheries and human health by pathogens and toxic organisms, enormous losses in species removal and other fishery economics. There was a problem of causing damage.

Due to these problems, the United States enacted the National Invasive Species Act in 1996 to mandate alien species as intruders and mandated the management and control of ballast water. In Australia, the Quarantine Act was amended to import ballast water into quarantine. It regulates and carries out quarantine directly. In addition, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) signed an international agreement in February 2004, and since 2009, the ballast water sterilization system should be installed on ships in order to prohibit entry of the vessel in case of violation.

Therefore, various technical developments related to the ballast water treatment apparatus are being made.

In the case of a ballast water treatment apparatus using a filtration method, underwater organisms such as plankton are precipitated in the apparatus, and in order to wash them, it is necessary to separate all the apparatuses and then perform a washing process. In addition, there is also a problem that can not remove microscopic harmful bacteria other than some plankton.

In addition, in the case of treating ballast water by injecting sodium hypochlorite generated by electrolysis of seawater into the ballast water, the sterilization efficiency may be lowered because the indirect method does not process the whole microorganisms but only a part of the process. There is a problem that it is not easy to control.

On the other hand, the Republic of Korea Patent No. 077602 proposes a ballast water treatment system having a separate filtration device and an electrolysis device, respectively, but it is composed of several stages of the treatment device has an excessively complex operation mechanism, and also treatment space It occupies too much, and because it does not process the whole microorganisms by indirect methods, only a part of the treatment has a problem such as poor sterilization efficiency and difficulty in controlling the sterilization material.

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water, which can simultaneously perform filtration and electrolysis sterilization of ballast water in one apparatus, and which can easily remove foreign substances deposited in the apparatus.

According to an aspect of the invention, the outer housing; An inlet for introducing seawater into the space in the outer housing; A hollow filter filtering the incoming seawater; An electrolysis electrode surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the hollow filter; An outlet for outflowing filtered and sterilized seawater from the outer housing through the filter and the electrode; A drain for discharging the washing water from the outer housing when the inside of the outer housing is washed; An inlet valve regulating inflow of seawater from the inlet to the hollow portion of the filter; And a discharge valve for controlling the discharge of the washing water from the hollow part of the filter to the discharge part.

The inlet may be installed at one end of the outer housing, the outlet may be installed at the other end of the outer housing, and the outlet may be installed at one side of the outer housing. In one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet portion may be installed on the upper portion of the outer housing, the outlet portion on the side of the outer housing, and the outlet portion may be installed on the lower portion of the outer housing. In one embodiment of the invention, the inlet valve may be mounted between one end of the filter and the inlet, the outlet valve may be mounted between the other side of the filter and the outlet.

The electrode for electrolysis may be a mesh type electrode, and the electrode for electrolysis may be a boron doped diamond electrode or an insoluble electrode.

The filter may have a size of 20 to 80 μm , and the filter may have a cylindrical shape. In addition, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the filter may be a plurality of filtration network layered, each layer is not integrally fixed to each other may cause tremor (tremor) may occur during the passage of the wash water. .

The above-mentioned filtration and sterilization apparatus of ballast water, in order to process a large amount of ballast water, in the outer housing, the hollow filter; The electrode for electrolysis; The inlet valve; And a plurality of sets of discharge valves are connected in parallel to each other, so that the seawater flowing from the inlet flows into each inflow valve, and the seawater filtered and sterilized in each set flows into the outlet, and the washing water is respectively The set of washing may be discharged to the discharge through each discharge valve.

In the above-described filtration and sterilization apparatus of ballast water, in filtration and sterilization of ballast water, the inlet valve is opened and the discharge valve is closed, so that the seawater flows in through the filtration unit and then passes through the electrode to undergo electrolysis, followed by filtration and sterilization. The seawater is discharged to the outlet through the outlet valve, when the washing, the inlet valve is opened and the discharge valve is open may be discharged through the discharge valve while removing the foreign water or washing water flowing from the inlet or outlet.

The filtration and sterilization apparatus of the ballast water described above, during the filtration and sterilization process of the ballast water, the inlet valve is opened and the discharge valve is closed, so that the seawater flows through the hollow filter, and then passes through the electrolytic electrode to undergo electrolysis. And then the filtered and sterilized seawater flows out through the outlet valve to the outlet, and during the washing, the inlet valve is closed and the outlet valve is opened, and the washing water introduced from the outlet passes through the electrolytic electrode and then the hollow filter. It may be discharged to the discharge portion through the discharge valve while removing the foreign matter passing through.

The opening and closing of the discharge valve may be determined by the pressure difference before and after the filtration surface according to the flux of the filtration surface of the filter. When the pressure difference is less than the predetermined pressure, the discharge valve is closed to perform filtration and sterilization. When the pressure difference is more than the predetermined pressure, the discharge valve may be opened to perform the cleaning.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus, characterized in that a plurality of modules are connected in parallel with the above-described ballast water treatment apparatus as one module.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ballast water treatment apparatus or ballast water treatment system including the above-described ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus.

According to another aspect of the invention, the outer housing; An inlet for introducing sewage into the space in the outer housing; A hollow filter for filtering the incoming sewage; An electrolysis electrode surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the hollow filter; An outlet through which the filtered and sterilized sewage flows out from an outer housing through the filter and the electrode; A drain for discharging the washing water from the outer housing when the inside of the outer housing is washed; An inlet valve for controlling the inflow of sewage from the inlet to the hollow part of the filter; And a discharge valve for controlling the discharge of the washing water from the hollow part of the filter to the discharge part.

According to the present invention, filtration and sterilization can be performed at one time in one treatment apparatus, so that the treatment space for treating the ballast water is reduced, and the treatment of the ballast water can be controlled by one control facility.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is easy to clean, and at the time of cleaning, as well as the filter to clean the foreign matter attached to the electrode surface, there is less driving portion for cleaning, less cause of failure or after-care costs Not only that, but also the processing capacity can be kept stable and the sterilant can always sterilize the surface of the filtration filter, thereby reducing the reduction of treatment efficiency due to biofouling.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is capable of various modifications and various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, it should be understood to include all transformations, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention. In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the related known technology may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components will be given the same reference numerals and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 and 2, the outer housing 110, the inlet 120, the hollow filter 130, the electrode 140 for electrolysis, the outlet 150, and the outlet ( Drain 160, inlet valve 170 and outlet valve 180 are shown.

Filtration and Sterilization

The process of filtration and sterilization operation in the ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus of the present invention will be described.

Sea water (or fresh water) for use as ballast water is collected through a water intake pump or the like, and introduced into the outer housing through the inlet 120 installed at one end of the outer housing 110. The flow rate of the sea water flowing into the outer housing may be adjusted through the inlet valve 170.

The seawater introduced through the inlet 120 is introduced into the hollow filter 130 mounted in the outer housing 110, and the seawater introduced into the hollow filter 130 passes through the filter network of the filter. By going out of the filter by the removal of aquatic organisms or microorganisms or other foreign matter such as plankton in seawater is filtered.

To the appropriate filtering of the foreign matter filter hole size of the filter 130 may be a 20 to 80 μ m, 20 in the case of less than μ m do the filtering efficiency is not good, the foreign matter is not removed when the 80 μ m exceeds so much You lose. Preferred filtration holes are about 50 μm in size.

In one embodiment of the invention, the filter 130 may be cylindrical, one side of the cylinder is connected to the inlet through the inlet valve, the other side of the cylinder is connected to the outlet through the discharge valve, the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder The seawater introduced through can be passed while filtered.

The filter can be not only a single layer of filtration network, but also a multilayer of filtration network. In the case of a multi-layered filtering network, the filtration efficiency can be further improved. In the case of a multi-layered filtering network, each filtering layer may be of a constant clearance without being integrally fixed to each other, so that the layers of the filtering network may shake during the passage of seawater or wash water. Such tremors may enable effective removal of debris during cleaning.

The seawater passing through the hollow filter 130 passes through the electrode 140 for electrolysis surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the hollow filter, and the potential difference and seawater (or fresh water) decomposition at the electrode for electrolysis. Sterilization of seawater is caused by the generated radicals and sterilizing substances such as sodium hypochlorite.

The principle of instant sterilization by the potential difference is as follows. When electric power is supplied to water, a potential difference occurs. At this time, if the potential difference generated at the anode (+) is 1100 mV or more, the cell membranes of microorganisms including Escherichia coli and ordinary bacteria may burst, and the microorganisms may be sterilized instantly. That is, when microorganisms are placed in the electric field, micropores are formed in the cell membrane, and when water is introduced into the microorganisms due to osmotic pressure through the micropores, the cells expand. When the expanded cells reach the critical point, the cell membrane may burst and die due to hemolysis. This series of processes can occur for a short time within 10 ^-3 seconds, thus enabling instant sterilization.

Sterilization principles by sterilizing substances such as radicals and sodium hypochlorite generated by the electrolysis of seawater are as follows. When water is electrolyzed, radicals such as hydroxy radicals (HO?), Hydroperoxy radicals (HOO?), Superoxide radicals (O ₂ −), and hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) are generated at the anode. Although present for a short time of several hundred to hundreds of millions of seconds, they can instantaneously kill microorganisms through ion exchange. Further, when the sea water to the electrolysis, the sodium chloride (NaCl) the main ingredient is a sodium ion (Na ⁺⁾ and chlorine ion (Cl ^-) are decomposed into water (H ₂ O) is a hydrogen ion (H ⁺⁾ and a hydroxyl group It is decomposed into (OH ⁻ ), and then sodium ions and hydroxyl groups meet to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and chlorine ions (Cl ⁻ ) may be bonded thereto to form sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The resulting sodium hypochlorite, unlike the radicals, has the ability to sustain and kill microorganisms.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrode for electrolysis may be a mesh (mesh) type.

The material of the electrolysis electrode 140 may be a boron doped diamond electrode or an insoluble electrode, and various other electrodes may be used.

The inlet valve 170 serves to control the inflow of seawater from the inlet 120 to the hollow portion of the filter 130. In one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet valve may be mounted at a position where one side of the hollow filter and the inlet is connected.

The discharge valve 180 controls the discharge of the washing water from the hollow portion of the filter 130 to the discharge portion 160. In one embodiment of the present invention, the discharge valve may be mounted at a position where the other side of the hollow filter and the discharge portion is connected.

In one embodiment of the present invention, while the filtration and sterilization is performed, the discharge valve 180 is closed so that the incoming seawater is not discharged to the discharge unit 160, and all flows out through the filter and the electrode for electrolysis. Out of the unit 150.

Filtrated and sterilized sea water (or fresh water) flowing out to the outlet 150 may be stored in a ballast water storage tank. In addition, some of the filtered and sterilized seawater may be stored separately in a wash water storage tank for use in washing.

Cleaning of Ballast Water Filtration and Sterilization Devices

Ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that easy washing. Hereinafter, a process in which the washing of the ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is operated.

In one embodiment of the invention, the flushing opens the discharge valve with the inlet valve open. In this state, the incoming seawater passes through the inlet 120 and the inlet valve 170, is introduced into the hollow filter 130, while the foreign matter inside the hollow filter to wash and remove the discharge valve ( 180 and through the discharge unit 160 (see Fig. 4 (b)).

At this time, the washing water is introduced from the outlet 150 by the pressure of the incoming sea water and passes through the electrode for electrolysis, and then is introduced into the interior from the outside of the filter to the inner space of the outer housing, the electrode for electrolysis and the filter It may be discharged through the discharge valve 180 and the discharge unit 160 with the incoming sea water while removing the foreign matter. The inflow of the wash water from the outlet 150 can be appropriately adjusted by adjusting the inlet valve.

The washing water may be seawater, filtered and sterilized ballast water stored in a ballast tank or treated water remaining in a treatment device. Separate wash water can be used for other cleaning.

In another embodiment of the invention, the inlet valve is closed and the outlet valve is opened during the cleaning. In this state, the wash water flows in from the outlet 150 and passes through the electrode for electrolysis, and then flows in from the outside of the filter to remove the foreign body from the inner space of the outer housing, the electrode for electrolysis, and the filter. It may be discharged through the 180 and the discharge unit 160 (see Fig. 5 (b)). In this case, a separate device such as a pump for introducing the wash water into the ballast water filtration and sterilization device may be required.

The washing water may be seawater, filtered and sterilized ballast water stored in a ballast tank or treated water remaining in a treatment device. Separate wash water can be used for other cleaning.

In the embodiments according to the present invention, the opening and closing of the discharge valve 180 is automatically opened and closed by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filter according to the flux of the filtration surface of the hollow filter 130. The washing may be performed automatically without a separate operation.

For example, when the difference in pressure before and after the filtration surface is less than a predetermined pressure, the discharge valve is closed to perform filtration and sterilization, and foreign matter inside the hollow filter 130, the electrode for electrolysis 140, or the outer housing 110. When the accumulated pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filter increases, and the pressure is greater than or equal to the predetermined pressure, the discharge valve is automatically opened so that washing can be performed.

The pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filter in which the opening and closing of the discharge valve is determined may be determined by the size of the filtration hole of the hollow filter, the capacity of the ballast water treatment device, and the like, and for example, the pressure difference may be set to 0.5 bar.

Ballast Water Filtration and Sterilization System for Large Capacity Ballast Water Treatment

In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to filter and sterilize a large amount of ballast water, a plurality of hollow filters 130 and an electrode for electrolysis 140 may be mounted in one outer housing 110.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the outer housing 110, the inlet 120, the plurality of hollow filters 130, the plurality of electrodes for electrolysis 140, the outlet 150, the outlet 160, and the plurality of Inlet valve 170 and a plurality of outlet valves 180 are shown.

In order to treat a large amount of ballast water, the hollow filter 130, the electrolysis electrode 140, the inlet valve 170, and the discharge valve 180 form a set, and the outer housing 110. The plurality of sets may be mounted in parallel and connected in parallel with each other.

In the large-capacity ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus, seawater flowing from one inlet portion is introduced into each inlet valve during filtration and sterilization, and the seawater filtered and sterilized in each of the sets is discharged to the outlet portion, and washed. The wash water may be flushed out of each set and discharged to one outlet through each outlet valve.

A plurality of sets of the hollow filter 130, the electrode for electrolysis 140, the inlet valve 170 and the discharge valve 180 may be mounted in accordance with the processing capacity of the ballast water.

In the case of the above-described large-capacity ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus, when each hollow filter 130 in the outer housing 110 is filled with pressure, the discharge valve 180 connected to the filter is sequentially opened, and the filters are sequentially processed. Washing can be done with.

Modular Ballast Water Filtration and Sterilization System for Large Volume Ballast Water Treatment

In still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a filtration and sterilization apparatus for ballast water, in which a plurality of modules are connected in parallel, using the above-described filtration and sterilization apparatus for ballast water of the present invention as one module.

6 is a perspective view of a filtration and sterilization apparatus of ballast water equipped with a plurality of modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, a plurality of outer housings 110 and one large inlet, outlet, and outlet are respectively connected to the inlet, outlet, and outlet of each module.

Each module may include a configuration corresponding to the configuration of the apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to the present invention described above.

The modules may be mounted in parallel in accordance with the processing capacity of the ballast water.

Application of ballast water filtration and sterilization device

The apparatus for filtration and sterilization of the ballast water of the present invention described above may be used as a direct treatment method for directly filtering and sterilizing all incoming seawater to a ballast tank.

In addition, it is of course also possible to use a part of the incoming seawater (for example, 5 to 10%) by indirectly sending the sterilization material generated by treating the ballast water using the filtration and sterilization apparatus of the present invention to the ballast water tank ( See FIG. 7).

Application to sewage filtration and sterilization device

The ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus according to the present invention can be used not only for filtration and sterilization of ballast water, but also for filtration, removal and sterilization of contaminants in a small-scale sewage treatment plant at a village level.

The filtration and sterilization apparatus for filthy water has an outer housing, similar to the filtration and sterilization apparatus for ballast water described above; An inlet for introducing sewage into the space in the outer housing; A hollow filter for filtering the incoming sewage; An electrolysis electrode surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the hollow filter; An outlet for outflowing filtered and sterilized wastewater from the outer housing through the filter and the electrode; A drain for discharging the washing water from the outer housing when the inside of the outer housing is washed; An inlet valve for controlling the inflow of sewage from the inlet to the hollow part of the filter; And it may include a discharge valve for controlling the discharge of the washing water from the hollow portion of the filter to the discharge portion.

The filtration and sterilization apparatus of filthy water may have the same configuration as the filtration and sterilization apparatus of the ballast water described above, in addition to the difference of performing filtration and sterilization of filthy water instead of filtration and sterilization of seawater.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It will be understood that the invention may be varied and varied without departing from the scope of the invention. Many embodiments other than the above-described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing an apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing an apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing an apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a filtration and sterilization state (a) and a washing state (b) of the apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a filtration and sterilization state (a) and a washing state (b) of the apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a perspective view showing an apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a flow chart showing a ballast water treatment process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

110: outer housing 120: inlet

130: hollow filter 140: electrode for electrolysis

150: outlet 160: drain

170: inlet valve 180: outlet valve

Claims (13)

An outer housing; An inlet for introducing seawater into the space in the outer housing; Cylindrical hollow filter for filtering the incoming sea water; An electrode for electrolysis, which is a cylindrical mesh type electrode surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the hollow filter; An outlet for outflowing filtered and sterilized seawater from the outer housing through the filter and the electrode; A drain for discharging the washing water from the outer housing when the inside of the outer housing is washed; An inlet valve regulating inflow of seawater from the inlet to the hollow portion of the filter; And Discharge valve for controlling the discharge of the washing water from the hollow portion of the filter to the discharge portion Ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus comprising a. delete The method of claim 1, The electrode for electrolysis is ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus, characterized in that the boron doped diamond electrode (boron doped diamond electrode) or insoluble electrode (insoluble electrode). The method of claim 1, Ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus, characterized in that the size of the filter hole of the filter is 20 to 80 μm . delete The method of claim 1, The filter is a filtration and sterilization device of the ballast water, characterized in that the filter network comprises a multi-layer. The method of claim 1, Within the outer housing, The hollow filter; The electrode for electrolysis; The inlet valve; And a set consisting of the discharge valve is mounted in a plurality of sets connected in parallel with each other, The apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water, characterized in that the seawater flowing from the inlet is filtered and sterilized in each of the plurality of sets and then discharged to the outlet. The method of claim 1, During the filtration and sterilization of ballast water, the inlet valve is opened and the discharge valve is closed to allow seawater to flow through the hollow filter and then to pass through the electrolysis electrode to undergo electrolysis, followed by filtration and sterilization of seawater. Spilled into wealth, At the time of washing, the inlet valve is opened and the discharge valve is opened, so that the seawater or washing water introduced from the inlet or outlet is discharged through the discharge valve while removing foreign substances. The method of claim 1, In the filtration and sterilization of ballast water, the inlet valve is opened and the outlet valve is closed to allow seawater to flow through the hollow filter and then through the electrolytic electrode to undergo electrolysis, followed by filtered and sterilized seawater. Spilled into the outlet, At the time of washing, the inlet valve is closed and the discharge valve is opened, so that the washing water introduced from the outlet portion is discharged through the discharge valve while removing foreign substances. 10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, Ballast water filtration and sterilization apparatus characterized in that the opening and closing of the discharge valve is automatically performed by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter. An apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water, in which a plurality of modules are connected in parallel with the apparatus for filtration and sterilization of ballast water according to claim 1 as one module. A ballast water treatment apparatus comprising a filtration and sterilization apparatus for ballast water according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 11. In the filtration and sterilization apparatus of sewage, An outer housing; An inlet for introducing sewage into the space in the outer housing; Cylindrical hollow filter for filtering the incoming sewage; An electrode for electrolysis, which is a cylindrical mesh type electrode surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the hollow filter; An outlet through which the filtered and sterilized sewage flows out from an outer housing through the filter and the electrode; A drain for discharging the washing water from the outer housing during washing; An inlet valve for controlling the inflow of sewage from the inlet to the hollow part of the filter; And Discharge valve for controlling the discharge of the washing water from the hollow portion of the filter to the discharge portion Sewage filtration and sterilization apparatus comprising a.

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