JP4818577B2 - Transformer - Google Patents
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- JP4818577B2 JP4818577B2 JP2003206620A JP2003206620A JP4818577B2 JP 4818577 B2 JP4818577 B2 JP 4818577B2 JP 2003206620 A JP2003206620 A JP 2003206620A JP 2003206620 A JP2003206620 A JP 2003206620A JP 4818577 B2 JP4818577 B2 JP 4818577B2
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 20
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鋼板を複数枚、厚さ方向に積層・固定した縦部材および横部材からなる変圧器に関する。
具体的には、変圧用コイルを巻き付ける積層体に電磁鋼板を用いた変圧器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
変圧器は、鋼板を複数枚、厚さ方向に積層・固定し、その周囲にコイルを巻き付けた構造となっている。
従来の変圧器は、鉄損を低減するために無方向性電磁鋼板（ＮＯ）または方向性電磁鋼板（ＧＯ）を積層することにより作られていた。
無方向性電磁鋼板は、図７に示すように、鋼板表面のどの方向にも一様な比透磁率を有する鋼板であって、比較的鉄損の小さい材料として広く用いられているが、長時間連続運転する変圧器に用いる材料としては十分な磁気特性が得られていなかった。
【０００３】
一方、方向性電磁鋼板は、図８に示すように、特定の方向の磁気特性に優れた鋼板であって、この方向性電磁鋼板を用いた従来の変圧器の構造を図４に示す。
変圧器を構成する鋼板を図４のように分割し、矢印で示した方向を磁化容易方向とする方向性電磁鋼板としていた。
しかし、変圧器を構成する縦部材１と横部材２との境界３においては、磁束の方向が変わるため境界３の周囲で回転磁界が生じて鉄損が大きくなったり、磁歪が多くなって騒音が大きくなったりするという問題点があった。
なお、方向性電磁鋼板の利用方法に関する従来技術文献としては、特開平７−６７２７２号公報に、電動機のステータの横部材と縦部材とを分割する構造とし、縦部材には円周方向を磁化容易方向とする方向性電磁鋼板（ＧＯ）を用い、横部材には径方向を磁化容易方向とする方向性電磁鋼板を用いることにより鉄損を低減する方法が開示されているが、変圧器への応用については検討されていなかった。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平７−６７２７２号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、前記のような従来技術の問題点を解決し、縦部材と横部材との境界部において回転磁界が発生せず、磁歪が低減することによって騒音を抑制することができる変圧器を提供することを課題とする。
【０００６】
本発明は、変圧器を構成する縦部材と横部材の鋼板の積層方向を異なる方向にすることにより、縦部材と横部材との境界部において回転磁界が発生せず、磁歪が低減することによって騒音を抑制することができる変圧器を提供するものであり、その要旨は特許請求の範
囲に記載した通りの下記内容である。
（１）鋼板を複数枚、厚さ方向に積層・固定した縦部材および横部材からなる変圧器であって、前記縦部材と横部材とは、方向性電磁鋼板を異なる方向に積層して構成し、前記縦部材と横部材とが斜めに接しており、その境界面における前記縦部材と横部材の方向性電磁鋼板の積層方向が異なり、かつ、前記変圧器の中央部における縦部材と横部材との２本の境界線の交点が、前記変圧器の外周または外周より外側に位置することを特徴とする変圧器。
（２）前記縦部材と横部材との境界線と、前記変圧器の内周とがなす角（θ）が、３０ｄｅｇ≦θ≦６０ｄｅｇであることを特徴とする（１）に記載の変圧器。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を、図１乃至図６を用いて詳細に説明する。
＜第１の実施形態＞
図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態である変圧器の構造を示す図である。
図１において、１は縦部材、２は横部材、３は変圧器の中央部における縦部材と横部材との境界線、を示す。
図１に示すように、本発明の変圧器は、縦部材１と、横部材２とから構成され、縦部材１と横部材とは、方向性電磁鋼板を異なる方向に積層されている。
図４に示す、従来の変圧器は、縦部材１と横部材２とが、同じ方向に積層されていたため、磁束が縦部材１と横部材２との境界部３を通過するときに、同じ平面内で磁束の向きが変ることから、この部分に磁気抵抗の大きい回転磁界が発生し、これによって、鉄損が著しく増大していた。
ここに、回転磁界とは、図１０に示すように、例えば、ｘ−ｙ平面内の位置によって磁気特性が曲線的に変化する磁界をいい、図９ に示すような、直線的に変化する交番磁界と反対の概念である。
【０００８】
発明者らは、種々の形態の変圧器について鉄損を測定したところ、この回転磁界は、平面内で磁束の方向が変化する場所で発生し易く、図１に示す、縦部材１と横部材２との境界部３ が交差する点が最も発生し易いことを見出した。
そこで、この回転磁界の発生を防止するためには、磁束の方向を平面内で変化させなければよいことに想到し、縦部材１と横部材２との積層方向を異なる方向とすることによって、平面内での磁束の方向転換を少なくしたところ、回転磁界の発生が抑制され、鉄損を著しく低減することができた。
具体的には、本実施形態では、図１に示すように、縦部材１を構成する方向性電磁鋼板を変圧器の厚さ方向に積層し、横部材２を構成する方向性電磁鋼板を変圧器の幅方向に積層している。
ここに、図１に示すように、縦部材と横部材との２本の境界線が交差する点と横部材の外周との距離をｄとするとき、本実施形態はｄ＝０の場合を示す。
【０００９】
また、縦部材１および横部材２を構成する方向性電磁鋼板の磁化容易方向を図１の矢印で示すように変圧器の周方向とすることが好ましい。
磁束の流れる方向と方向性電磁鋼板の磁化容易方向とを合わせることにより磁束の流れをスムーズにし磁束（Ｂ）を強化することができる。
ここに、方向性電磁鋼板は、磁化容易方向が特定の方向である電磁鋼板であり、磁化容易方向については無方向性電磁鋼板より優れた磁気特性を有する。
例えば、図８に示すように、方向性電磁鋼板は、圧延方向の比透磁率μRが、非圧延方向の比透磁率μTに比べて著しく大きくなっており、圧延方向に磁束を流し易い性質を持っている。
方向性電磁鋼板を用いることにより、磁束の流れをスムーズにし、その結果、磁束（Ｂ）を強化することができるうえ、磁束が交差する部分に生じる磁気抵抗の大きい回転磁界の発生を防止することができ、変圧器における鉄損を低減することができる。
【００１０】
＜第２の実施形態＞
図２は、本発明の第２の実施形態である変圧器の構造を示す図である。
図２において、１は縦部材、２は横部材、３は変圧器の中央部における縦部材と横部材との境界線、を示す。
本実施形態においては、縦部材と横部材を構成する方向性電磁鋼板の積層方向を図１の場合と逆転させて、縦部材１を構成する方向性電磁鋼板を変圧器の幅方向に積層し、横部材２を構成する方向性電磁鋼板を変圧器の厚さ方向に積層しているほかは、第１の実施形態と同様である。
このように、縦部材１と横部材２との積層方向が異なっていれば、その方向はいずれでもかまわない。
なお、変圧器の外周のコーナー部においては、縦部材１と横部材２との境界線は交差しないが、縦部材１と横部材２との境界線において磁束が直角に曲がるので、縦部材と横部材とを構成する方向性電磁鋼板の積層方向を変えることによって回転磁界の発生を防止し、鉄損を著しく低減することができる。
なお、方向性電磁鋼板の磁化容易方向については、第１の実施形態と同様であるので省略する。
【００１１】
＜第３の実施形態＞
図３は、本発明の第３の実施形態である変圧器の構造を示す図である。
図３において、１は縦部材、２は横部材、３は変圧器の中央部における縦部材と横部材との境界線を示す。
図３は、変圧器の中央部における縦部材１と横部材２との２本の境界線の交点が変圧器の外周の外側に位置している実施形態を示す。従って、縦部材１と横部材２との２本の境界線の交点と、横部材２の外周面との距離ｄは、ｄ＜０となる。
この場合、縦部材と縦部材との境界線がなく、また、縦部材と横部材とを構成する方向性電磁鋼板の積層方向は異なる方向としているので、平面内で磁束の方向が変る点がなく、回転磁界の発生が防止できるので、最も鉄損を低減することができる。
なお、方向性電磁鋼板の磁化容易方向については、第１および第２の実施形態と同様であるので省略する。
【００１２】
＜第１〜第３共通の実施形態＞
図５は、本発明の第１乃至第３の実施形態に共通する変圧器の構造を示す図である。
図５において、１は縦部材、２は横部材、３は変圧器の中央部における縦部材と横部材との境界線を示す。
本実施形態においては、図５に示すように、縦部材１と横部材２との境界線３と変圧器の内周とのなす角(θ)を、３０deg≦θ≦６０degの範囲内にする。
その限定理由は以下の通りである。
【００１３】
図６は、方向性電磁鋼板の磁束の方向と鉄損との関係を示す図である。
図６の横軸は、磁束の方向（deg）であり、図５のα、βに相当する。
図６の縦軸は、鉄損（w/kg）を例示するものであり、この例では、無方向性電磁鋼板（ＮＯ）は、磁束の方向が変っても鉄損は大きく変化しないが、方向性電磁鋼板（ＧＯ）では、磁束の方向が変ると鉄損が著しく大きくなるので、磁束の方向（α、β）は６０deg以下にすることが好ましい。
図５において、幾何学的に以下の関係が成り立つ。
α＝９０−θ
β＝θ
このα、βを６０deg以下にするためには、
０≦α＝９０−θ≦６０、および、
０≦β＝θ≦６０が必要条件となる。
従って、３０≦θ≦６０の範囲が好ましい範囲である。
【００１４】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、変圧器を構成する縦部材と横部材の鋼板の積層方向を異なる方向にすることにより、縦部材と横部材との境界部において回転磁界が発生せず、磁歪が低減することによって騒音を抑制することができる変圧器を提供することができ、産業上有用な著しい効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の第１の実施形態である変圧器の構造を示す図である。
【図２】 本発明の第２の実施形態である変圧器の構造を示す図である。
【図３】 本発明の第３の実施形態である変圧器の構造を示す図である。
【図４】 従来の変圧器の構造を示す図である。
【図５】 本発明の第１乃至第３の実施形態に共通する変圧器の構造を示す図である。
【図６】 方向性電磁鋼板の磁束の方向と鉄損との関係を示す図である。
【図７】 無方向性電磁鋼板の比透磁率（μ）の特性を示す図である。
【図８】 本発明に用いる方向性電磁鋼板の比透磁率（μ）の特性を示す図である。
【図９】 交番磁界の説明図である。
【図１０】 回転磁界の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１・・・縦部材、
２・・・横部材、
３・・・変圧器の中央部における縦部材と縦部材との境界線、[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transformer composed of a longitudinal member and a transverse member in which a plurality of steel plates are laminated and fixed in the thickness direction.
Specifically, the present invention relates to a transformer using an electromagnetic steel plate in a laminated body around which a coil for transforming is wound.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The transformer has a structure in which a plurality of steel plates are laminated and fixed in the thickness direction, and a coil is wound around them.
Conventional transformers have been made by laminating non-oriented electrical steel sheets (NO) or directional electrical steel sheets (GO) in order to reduce iron loss.
As shown in FIG. 7, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is a steel sheet having a uniform relative permeability in any direction on the surface of the steel sheet, and is widely used as a material with relatively small iron loss. Sufficient magnetic properties have not been obtained as a material used for transformers that operate continuously for hours.
[0003]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a steel sheet having excellent magnetic characteristics in a specific direction, and FIG. 4 shows the structure of a conventional transformer using this grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
The steel plate which comprises a transformer was divided | segmented like FIG. 4, and it was set as the directional electrical steel plate which makes the direction shown by the arrow the easy magnetization direction.
However, at the
In addition, as a prior art document regarding the method of using the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-67272 has a structure in which the transverse member and the longitudinal member of the stator of the motor are divided, and the circumferential direction is magnetized in the longitudinal member. A method of reducing iron loss by using a directional electrical steel sheet (GO) having an easy direction and using a directional electrical steel sheet having a radial direction as an easy magnetization direction as a transverse member has been disclosed. The application of was not studied.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-67272 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, and does not generate a rotating magnetic field at the boundary between the vertical member and the horizontal member, and a transformer capable of suppressing noise by reducing magnetostriction. The issue is to provide.
[0006]
The present invention makes it possible to reduce the magnetostriction by generating no rotating magnetic field at the boundary between the vertical member and the horizontal member by making the stacking direction of the vertical member and the horizontal member constituting the transformer different from each other. The present invention provides a transformer capable of suppressing noise, the gist of which is as follows, as described in the claims.
(1) A transformer composed of a longitudinal member and a transverse member in which a plurality of steel plates are laminated and fixed in the thickness direction, and the longitudinal member and the transverse member are constituted by laminating directional electromagnetic steel plates in different directions. However , the longitudinal member and the transverse member are in contact with each other at an angle, and the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal member and the transverse member at the boundary surface thereof are different from each other in the stacking direction of the directional electromagnetic steel sheets, and A transformer characterized in that an intersection of two boundary lines with a member is located on the outer periphery of the transformer or outside the outer periphery.
(2) An angle (θ) formed by a boundary line between the vertical member and the horizontal member and an inner circumference of the transformer is 30 deg ≦ θ ≦ 60 deg, The transformer according to (1) .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a transformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a vertical member, 2 is a horizontal member, and 3 is a boundary line between the vertical member and the horizontal member at the center of the transformer.
As shown in FIG. 1, the transformer of this invention is comprised from the
The conventional transformer shown in FIG. 4 is the same when the magnetic flux passes through the
Here, as shown in FIG. 10, the rotating magnetic field is a magnetic field in which the magnetic characteristics change in a curved manner depending on the position in the xy plane, for example, and the alternating magnetic field changes linearly as shown in FIG. This is the opposite of magnetic field.
[0008]
The inventors measured the iron loss of various types of transformers. As a result, this rotating magnetic field is likely to be generated at a place where the direction of the magnetic flux changes in a plane, and the
Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of this rotating magnetic field, by conceive that the direction of the magnetic flux may be varied in a plane, and a direction different from the stacking direction of the
Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets constituting the
Here, as shown in FIG. 1, when the distance between the point where the two boundary lines between the vertical member and the horizontal member intersect and the outer periphery of the horizontal member is d, this embodiment is a case where d = 0. Show.
[0009]
Moreover, it is preferable that the easy direction of magnetization of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets constituting the
By combining the direction in which the magnetic flux flows and the direction of easy magnetization of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, the flow of magnetic flux can be made smooth and the magnetic flux (B) can be strengthened.
Here, the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is an electrical steel sheet in which the easy magnetization direction is a specific direction, and has a magnetic property superior to the non-oriented electrical steel sheet in the easy magnetization direction.
For example, as shown in FIG. 8, in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, the relative permeability μ R in the rolling direction is significantly larger than the relative permeability μ T in the non-rolling direction, and it is easy to flow a magnetic flux in the rolling direction. Have nature.
By using a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, the flow of magnetic flux can be made smooth, and as a result, the magnetic flux (B) can be strengthened, and the generation of a rotating magnetic field having a large magnetic resistance generated at a portion where the magnetic flux intersects can be prevented. And iron loss in the transformer can be reduced.
[0010]
<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a structure of a transformer according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, 1 is a vertical member, 2 is a horizontal member, and 3 is a boundary line between the vertical member and the horizontal member at the center of the transformer.
In the present embodiment, the directional electrical steel sheets constituting the
Thus, as long as the stacking direction of the
In addition, in the corner part of the outer periphery of a transformer, since the boundary line of the
Note that the easy magnetization direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is the same as that in the first embodiment, and is omitted.
[0011]
<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a transformer according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 3, 1 is a vertical member, 2 is a horizontal member, and 3 is a boundary line between the vertical member and the horizontal member at the center of the transformer.
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the intersection of the two boundary lines of the
In this case, there is no boundary line between the vertical member and the vertical member, and the direction of lamination of the directional electromagnetic steel sheets constituting the vertical member and the horizontal member is different. Since the generation of the rotating magnetic field can be prevented, the iron loss can be reduced most.
Note that the easy magnetization direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is the same as in the first and second embodiments, and is omitted.
[0012]
<First to third common embodiments>
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of a transformer common to the first to third embodiments of the present invention.
In FIG. 5, 1 is a vertical member, 2 is a horizontal member, and 3 is a boundary line between the vertical member and the horizontal member at the center of the transformer.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the angle (θ) formed by the
The reason for the limitation is as follows.
[0013]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the direction of magnetic flux and the iron loss of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
The horizontal axis in FIG. 6 is the direction (deg) of magnetic flux, and corresponds to α and β in FIG.
The vertical axis in FIG. 6 exemplifies iron loss (w / kg). In this example, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet (NO) does not significantly change the iron loss even if the direction of the magnetic flux changes. In the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (GO), the iron loss is remarkably increased when the direction of the magnetic flux is changed. Therefore, the direction of magnetic flux (α, β) is preferably 60 deg or less.
In FIG. 5, the following relationship holds geometrically.
α = 90−θ
β = θ
In order to set α and β to 60 deg or less,
0 ≦ α = 90−θ ≦ 60, and
0 ≦ β = θ ≦ 60 is a necessary condition.
Therefore, the range of 30 ≦ θ ≦ 60 is a preferable range.
[0014]
【Effect of the invention】
According to the present invention, a rotating magnetic field is not generated at the boundary between the vertical member and the horizontal member, and magnetostriction is reduced by making the lamination direction of the steel plates of the vertical member and the horizontal member constituting the transformer different. Therefore, it is possible to provide a transformer capable of suppressing noise, and there are significant industrially useful effects.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a transformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a structure of a transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure of a transformer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a structure of a conventional transformer.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a structure of a transformer common to the first to third embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the direction of magnetic flux of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and iron loss.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing characteristics of relative permeability (μ) of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the characteristic of relative permeability (μ) of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet used in the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an alternating magnetic field.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a rotating magnetic field.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 longitudinal member,
2 ... transverse member,
3 ... The boundary line between the vertical member and the vertical member at the center of the transformer,
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003206620A JP4818577B2 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | Transformer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003206620A JP4818577B2 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | Transformer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005056942A JP2005056942A (en) | 2005-03-03 |
| JP4818577B2 true JP4818577B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003206620A Expired - Lifetime JP4818577B2 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | Transformer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103680856A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-26 | 深圳银利电器制造有限公司 | Inductor iron core with silicon steel sheet notch of core column and silicon steel sheet notches of iron yokes being perpendicular |
| EP3399530A4 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-08-21 | Hyosung Heavy Industries Corporation | Core for transformer or reactor |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010258365A (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Iron core for electric power apparatus |
| KR20160081493A (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-08 | 주식회사 효성 | A core for transformer |
| KR101904100B1 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2018-10-04 | 효성중공업 주식회사 | Core for transformer |
| KR101855039B1 (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-06-14 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Device for reducing noise of core structure for transformer |
| CN108538557B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2020-04-28 | 浙江泰成互感器有限公司 | Transformer core stacking device |
-
2003
- 2003-08-08 JP JP2003206620A patent/JP4818577B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103680856A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-26 | 深圳银利电器制造有限公司 | Inductor iron core with silicon steel sheet notch of core column and silicon steel sheet notches of iron yokes being perpendicular |
| CN103680856B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-09-28 | 深圳银利电器制造有限公司 | Stem and the iron yoke rectilinear inductor iron core of stalloy otch |
| EP3399530A4 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-08-21 | Hyosung Heavy Industries Corporation | Core for transformer or reactor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005056942A (en) | 2005-03-03 |
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