JP4249594B2 - Transformers and transformer cores - Google Patents

Transformers and transformer cores Download PDF

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JP4249594B2
JP4249594B2 JP2003368936A JP2003368936A JP4249594B2 JP 4249594 B2 JP4249594 B2 JP 4249594B2 JP 2003368936 A JP2003368936 A JP 2003368936A JP 2003368936 A JP2003368936 A JP 2003368936A JP 4249594 B2 JP4249594 B2 JP 4249594B2
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core
iron
iron core
magnetic path
side leg
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勇人 鈴木
浩 園部
剛 増田
聡 渡邊
照彦 前田
次男 村上
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Toshiba Corp
Toshiba Industrial Products and Systems Corp
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Description

本発明は、鉄損の低減を図った変圧器および変圧器の巻鉄心に関する。   The present invention relates to a transformer for reducing iron loss and a wound iron core of the transformer.

従来より、三相変圧器に用いられる巻鉄心としては、エバンス鉄心と五脚鉄心とがある。図4に示すように、エバンス鉄心11は、同一形状の二つの内鉄心12,12が脚部で隣接し、その内鉄心12,12の周りを取り囲むように内鉄心12と略同一の鉄心積厚を持つように外鉄心13が配設されて構成される(例えば特許文献1参照)。
図5に示すように、五脚鉄心14は、前記内鉄心12と同一形状の二つの内鉄心15,15が脚部で隣接し、その内鉄心15,15の両脚部に内鉄心15と略同一の鉄心積厚をもつ側脚鉄心16,16が配設されて構成される(例えば特許文献2参照)。
特開平08−64440号公報(図4) 特開2000−124046号公報(図7)
Conventionally, as an iron core used for a three-phase transformer, there are an Evans iron core and a five-legged iron core. As shown in FIG. 4, the Evans iron core 11 has two iron cores 12, 12 having the same shape adjacent to each other at the legs, and substantially the same iron core as the inner iron core 12 so as to surround the inner iron cores 12, 12. The outer iron core 13 is disposed so as to have a thickness (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
As shown in FIG. 5, the five-legged iron core 14 has two inner iron cores 15 and 15 having the same shape as the inner iron core 12 adjacent to each other at the leg portions, and the inner iron core 15 and the inner iron core 15 are substantially adjacent to both leg portions thereof. Side leg cores 16 and 16 having the same core thickness are disposed and configured (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-64440 (FIG. 4) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-124046 (FIG. 7)

巻鉄心の磁気抵抗は、鉄心断面積をS、鉄心透磁率をμ、平均磁路長をLとした場合、=L/μSで表される。従来の構成では、後述するように内鉄心12,12および15,15の平均磁路長と外鉄心13および側脚鉄心16,16の平均磁路長との差が大きく生じることから、磁束分布が不均衡となり、鉄損の増加が生じるという問題があった。
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、内側および外側に位置する鉄心の平均磁路長の差を低減することができる変圧器および変圧器の巻鉄心を提供するにある。
The magnetic resistance r of the wound core is expressed by r = L / μS, where S is the core cross-sectional area, μ is the core permeability, and L is the average magnetic path length. In the conventional configuration, as will be described later, the difference between the average magnetic path length of the inner iron cores 12, 12 and 15, 15 and the average magnetic path length of the outer iron core 13 and the side leg iron cores 16 and 16 is large. There was a problem that the iron loss increased.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a transformer and a wound core of the transformer that can reduce the difference in the average magnetic path length of the iron cores located on the inner side and the outer side. It is in.

本発明の変圧器の巻鉄心は、隣接する二つの内鉄心と、これらの内鉄心の外周を覆う外鉄心と、この外鉄心の両側部のそれぞれに配設された側脚鉄心とを具備し、前記外鉄心と前記側脚鉄心との積厚の和は、前記内鉄心の積厚と略等しくなるように設定されていることを特徴とする。   The wound core of the transformer of the present invention includes two adjacent inner cores, an outer core covering the outer periphery of these inner cores, and side leg cores disposed on both sides of the outer core. The sum of the thickness of the outer iron core and the side leg iron core is set to be substantially equal to the thickness of the inner iron core.

本発明によれば、内鉄心の平均磁路長と外鉄心および側脚鉄心の平均磁路長の和との差を低減させることで、磁束分布の不均衡を緩和させ、鉄損を低減できるという効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, by reducing the difference between the average magnetic path length of the inner iron core and the sum of the average magnetic path lengths of the outer iron core and the side leg iron core, the magnetic flux distribution imbalance can be alleviated and the iron loss can be reduced. There is an effect.

(第1の実施例)
以下本発明の第1の実施例について、図1を参照しながら説明する。
図1に示すように、三相変圧器の巻鉄心1は、二つの内鉄心2,2が脚部で隣接し、その内鉄心2,2の周りを取り囲むように外鉄心3が配設され、その外鉄心3の両脚部に隣接して、それぞれ側脚鉄心4,4が設けられて構成されている。そして、外鉄心3と側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚の和は内鉄心2の鉄心積厚と略同一になるように設定されている。尚、内鉄心2,2、外鉄心3および側脚鉄心4,4は、所定幅の帯状の珪素鋼板を巻いて構成されたもので、ラップ接合方式が採用されている。
(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the wound iron core 1 of the three-phase transformer has two inner iron cores 2 and 2 that are adjacent to each other at the legs, and the outer iron core 3 is disposed so as to surround the inner iron cores 2 and 2. Adjacent to both leg portions of the outer iron core 3, side leg iron cores 4 and 4 are provided, respectively. The sum of the core thicknesses of the outer iron core 3 and the side leg iron core 4 is set to be substantially the same as the iron core thickness of the inner iron core 2. The inner iron cores 2 and 2, the outer iron cores 3 and the side leg iron cores 4 and 4 are formed by winding a band-shaped silicon steel plate having a predetermined width, and a lap joining method is adopted.

巻鉄心1は、外鉄心3の平均磁路長と側脚鉄心4の平均磁路長の和を比較し、平均磁路長が長い方の鉄心積厚(巻鉄心の断面積)を順次減らすとともに、平均磁路長が短い方の鉄心積厚(巻鉄心の断面積)を順次増やしていくようにしつつも、常に外鉄心3の鉄心積厚と側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚の和が内鉄心2の鉄心積厚と略同じになるように、それぞれの鉄心積厚の比率を変化させる。   The wound core 1 compares the sum of the average magnetic path length of the outer core 3 and the average magnetic path length of the side leg core 4, and sequentially reduces the core thickness (the cross-sectional area of the wound core) of the longer average magnetic path length. At the same time, the core thickness of the outer core 3 and the core thickness of the side leg core 4 are always added, while gradually increasing the core thickness (the cross-sectional area of the wound core) with the shorter average magnetic path length. The ratio of each core thickness is changed so as to be substantially the same as the core thickness of the inner core 2.

そして、外鉄心3の鉄心積厚と側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚が略等しく(外鉄心3の鉄心積厚と側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚の比が略1:1)なるように設定する。
以下、本実施例の作用について説明する。ここで、図1、図4および図5において、内鉄心2,12,15の窓高および側脚鉄心4,16の窓高をA、内鉄心2,12,15の窓幅をB、鉄心積厚(巻鉄心1の場合は外鉄心3の鉄心積厚と側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚の和、エバンス鉄心11の場合は外鉄心13の鉄心積厚、五脚鉄心14の場合は側脚鉄心16の鉄心積厚を表し、それぞれの鉄心積厚は、内鉄心2,12,15のそれぞれの鉄心積厚と等しい。)をC、側脚鉄心4,16の窓幅をD、内鉄心2,12,15の内周コーナ半径をRで示す。
The core thickness of the outer core 3 and the core thickness of the side leg core 4 are set to be substantially equal (ratio of the core thickness of the outer core 3 to the side core 4 is approximately 1: 1). To do.
Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. Here, in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the window height of the inner iron cores 2, 12, 15 and the window height of the side leg iron cores 4, 16 are A, the window width of the inner iron cores 2, 12, 15 is B, and the iron core. Thickness (in the case of the wound core 1, the sum of the core thickness of the outer core 3 and the core thickness of the side leg core 4, in the case of the Evans core 11, the core thickness of the outer core 13, in the case of the five-legged core 14 Represents the iron core thickness of the leg iron core 16, each iron core thickness being equal to the iron core thickness of each of the inner iron cores 2, 12, 15) C, the window width of the side leg iron cores 4, 16 is D, the inner The inner peripheral corner radius of the iron cores 2, 12, and 15 is indicated by R.

また、それぞれの鉄心の脚部に巻かれた巻線(図示せず)間の距離を20(mm)、内鉄心内周コーナ半径R=5(mm)とすると、側脚鉄心窓幅D=B/2+10(mm)で表すことができ、内鉄心と外鉄心および側脚鉄心、内鉄心同士のクリアランスを無視して考えたとした場合、巻鉄心1の外鉄心3と側脚鉄心4,4の二個分平均磁路長の和の平均磁路長Lは、以下の(1)式のようになる。 Further, when the distance between windings (not shown) wound around the legs of each iron core is 20 (mm) and the inner core inner peripheral corner radius R = 5 (mm), the side leg iron core window width D = B / 2 + 10 (mm), and when considering the inner iron core, the outer iron core, the side leg iron core, and the clearance between the inner iron cores, the outer iron core 3 of the wound iron core 1 and the side leg iron cores 4, 4 the average magnetic path length L P of the sum of the two partial average magnetic path length of is given by the following equation (1).

Figure 0004249594
エバンス鉄心11の外鉄心13の平均磁路長Leは、以下の(2)式のようになる。
Figure 0004249594
The average magnetic path length Le of the outer iron core 13 of the Evans iron core 11 is expressed by the following equation (2).

Figure 0004249594
五脚鉄心14の側脚鉄心16,16の二個分の平均磁路長Lfは、以下の(3)式のようになる。
Figure 0004249594
The average magnetic path length Lf for the two side leg iron cores 16 and 16 of the five-legged iron core 14 is expressed by the following equation (3).

Figure 0004249594
そして、エバンス鉄心11に対する本実施例の巻鉄心1の平均磁路長低減の効果は、Le−Lで表され、以下の(4)式のようになる。
Figure 0004249594
Then, the effect of the average magnetic path length of the winding core 1 of this embodiment reduces against Evans core 11 is represented by Le-L P, as follows in equation (4).

Figure 0004249594
同様にして、五脚鉄心14に対する本実施例の巻鉄心1の平均磁路長の低減効果は、Lf−Lで表され、以下の(5)式のようになる。
Figure 0004249594
Similarly, the effect of reducing the average magnetic path length of the winding core 1 of this embodiment for five leg core 14 is represented by Lf-L P, as follows in equation (5).

Figure 0004249594
上記(4)および(5)式から明らかなように、平均磁路長の低減効果は、鉄心窓高A、窓幅Bおよび鉄心積厚C等の寸法に左右されるものであり、例えば、エバンス鉄心11の外鉄心13の平均磁路長Leと五脚鉄心14の側脚鉄心16,16の二個分の平均磁路長Lfは等しく、巻鉄心1の鉄心積厚の比率が等しい場合、平均磁路長の低減効果は、最大となり、以下の(6)式のようになる。
Figure 0004249594
As is clear from the above equations (4) and (5), the effect of reducing the average magnetic path length depends on dimensions such as the iron core window height A, the window width B, and the iron core thickness C. When the average magnetic path length Le of the outer iron core 13 of the Evans iron core 11 is equal to the average magnetic path length Lf of the side leg iron cores 16 and 16 of the five- legged iron core 14 and the ratio of the core thickness of the wound iron core 1 is equal The effect of reducing the average magnetic path length is maximized as shown in the following equation (6).

Figure 0004249594
このように本実施例によれば、エバンス鉄心11の外鉄心13および五脚鉄心14の側脚鉄心16,16を巻鉄心1の外鉄心3と側脚鉄心4とに分割し、それぞれの平均磁路長の長い方の鉄心積厚を順次減らし、外鉄心3の鉄心積厚を内鉄心2の鉄心積厚の1/2になるように、かつ、側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚を同様に1/2になるように設定したので、平均磁路長を最大限に低減させることができ、内鉄心2の平均磁路長と外鉄心3および側脚鉄心4,4の平均磁路長の和との差を低減させることができ、磁束分布の不均衡が緩和され励磁特性が向上し、以って、鉄損を低減させることが可能となる。
Figure 0004249594
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the outer iron core 13 of the Evans iron core 11 and the side leg iron cores 16 and 16 of the five-legged iron core 14 are divided into the outer iron core 3 and the side leg iron core 4 of the wound iron core 1, Reduce the core thickness of the longer magnetic path length sequentially so that the core thickness of the outer core 3 becomes 1/2 of the core thickness of the inner core 2, and the core thickness of the side leg core 4 is the same. Therefore, the average magnetic path length of the inner iron core 2 and the average magnetic path length of the outer iron core 3 and the side leg iron cores 4 and 4 can be reduced to the maximum. The magnetic flux distribution imbalance is alleviated and the excitation characteristics are improved, so that the iron loss can be reduced.

そして、外鉄心3および側脚鉄心4の積厚をそれぞれ内鉄心2の積厚の1/2に設定するようにしたことにより、これらの平均磁路長を従来に比し低減させるようにしたので、巻鉄心1の軽量化および鉄心材料費の低減を図ることができる。
(第2の実施例)
巻鉄心1は、外鉄心3の平均磁路長と側脚鉄心4の平均磁路長を比較し、平均磁路長が短い方の巻鉄心の珪素鋼板には、平均磁路長が長い方の珪素鋼板に比べて透磁率が高い種類を用いて構成する。その他の構成は、第1の実施例と同様である。
And the average thickness of the outer core 3 and the side leg core 4 is set to ½ of the thickness of the inner core 2, so that the average magnetic path length is reduced as compared with the conventional one. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight of the wound core 1 and reduce the core material cost.
(Second embodiment)
The wound iron core 1 compares the average magnetic path length of the outer iron core 3 with the average magnetic path length of the side leg iron core 4, and the silicon steel sheet of the wound iron core with the shorter average magnetic path length has the longer average magnetic path length. It is configured using a type having a higher magnetic permeability than that of a silicon steel plate. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

このような構成によると、磁気抵抗は=L/μSで表すことができるため、平均磁路長Lが短い方の材料に透磁率μが高い材料を用いていることで、磁気抵抗を減らすことができ、平均磁路長が短い方に磁束を通りやすくし、以って、単位質量あたりの損失を低減することで、鉄損を低減することができる。その他の作用、効果は第1の実施例と同様である。 According to such a configuration, since the magnetoresistance can be expressed by r 1 = L / μS, by using a material having a high magnetic permeability μ as a material having a shorter average magnetic path length L, the magnetoresistance r is reduced. Iron loss can be reduced by facilitating the passage of magnetic flux toward the shorter average magnetic path length, and thus reducing the loss per unit mass. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

このような構成によれば、図2(b)で示すように、内鉄心2、外鉄心3および側脚鉄心4の脚部に巻線5を巻装したときに、巻線5が段付部2cの部分で円弧状になる。段付部4c部分でも同様である。これにより、図2(c)に示すように、段付部2c,4cがない場合に比し、巻線5の平均周長を小にすることができ、巻線5の銅損を低減することができる。このことは、内鉄心2,2の脚部に巻装される巻線についても同様である。
(第4の実施例)
図3は、本発明第4の実施例であり、前記第1の実施例と異なるところを説明する。内鉄心2、外鉄心3は、従来と同様に継鉄部にラップ接合方式による継ぎ目部を有するものであるが、この実施例では、側脚鉄心4は、巻鉄心の巻装されない外側の脚部にラップ接合方式による継ぎ目部6(図3(b)参照)が設けられる。その他の構成は、第1の実施例と同様である。
According to such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the winding 5 is wound around the legs of the inner iron core 2, the outer iron core 3, and the side leg iron core 4, the winding 5 is stepped. The portion 2c is arcuate. The same applies to the stepped portion 4c. Thereby, as shown in FIG.2 (c), compared with the case where there is no step part 2c, 4c, the average circumference of the coil | winding 5 can be made small and the copper loss of the coil | winding 5 is reduced. be able to. The same applies to the winding wound around the legs of the inner iron cores 2 and 2.
(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 3 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the differences from the first embodiment will be described. The inner iron core 2 and the outer iron core 3 have joint portions by a lap joint method in the yoke portion as in the conventional case. In this embodiment, the side leg iron core 4 is an outer leg on which the wound iron core is not wound. A seam portion 6 (see FIG. 3B) by a lap joining method is provided in the portion. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

このような構成によれば、一般的に側脚鉄心4窓高Aは窓幅Bに対して大きく設定されているため、継鉄部に比べて脚部の方が長くなっている。その為、継ぎ目部を継鉄部に設ける場合は、継ぎ目の範囲が狭くなり磁束集中が起こりやすくなるが、継ぎ目部6を外側の脚部に設けることにより、継ぎ目部6の範囲を広く取ることができ、磁束集中を緩和させることができる。
(その他の実施例)
第1ないし4の実施例は個別にてそれぞれ特徴の構成を有しているが、第1ないし4の実施例を一つにまとめた構成としてもよく、その場合の作用、効果は第1ないし4の実施例と同様である。
According to such a configuration, since the side leg iron core 4 window height A is generally set larger than the window width B, the leg portion is longer than the yoke portion. Therefore, when the seam portion is provided in the yoke portion, the range of the seam is narrowed and magnetic flux concentration is likely to occur. It is possible to alleviate magnetic flux concentration.
(Other examples)
Each of the first to fourth embodiments has a characteristic configuration, but the first to fourth embodiments may be combined into one, and the operation and effect in that case are the first to fourth embodiments. This is the same as the fourth embodiment.

第1の実施例では、鉄心積厚の比を略等しい(外鉄心3の鉄心積厚と側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚の比が1:1)としているが、鉄心積厚の比率は、外鉄心3の鉄心積厚が2C/3、側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚がC/3(外鉄心3の鉄心積厚と側脚鉄心4の鉄心積厚の比が1:2)等のように設定してもよい。
第4の実施例では、脚部および継鉄部に段付部2c,4cを設ける構成としたが、脚部または継鉄部のどちらか一方に段付部を設ける構成としてもよい。
In the first embodiment, the ratio of the core thickness is substantially equal (the ratio of the core thickness of the outer core 3 to the core thickness of the side leg core 4 is 1: 1). The core thickness of the outer core 3 is 2C / 3, the core thickness of the side leg core 4 is C / 3 (ratio of the core thickness of the outer core 3 to the side core 4 is 1: 2), etc. You may set as follows.
In the fourth embodiment, the stepped portions 2c and 4c are provided in the leg portion and the yoke portion, but a stepped portion may be provided in either the leg portion or the yoke portion.

本願発明の第1の実施例を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows 1st Example of this invention 本願第3の実施例を示し、(a)は図1相当図、(b)は(a)のX−X線に沿う拡大断面図、(c)は比較例の(b)相当図The third embodiment of the present application is shown, (a) is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1, (b) is an enlarged sectional view taken along line XX of (a), and (c) is a diagram corresponding to (b) of a comparative example. 本願第4の実施例を示し、(a)は図1相当図、(b)は継ぎ目部の部分拡大図FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, and (b) is a partially enlarged view of a joint portion. 従来例のエバンス鉄心を示す断面図Sectional view showing a conventional Evans core 従来例の五脚鉄心を示す断面図Sectional view showing a conventional five-legged iron core

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

図面中、1は巻鉄心、2,12,15は内鉄心、3,13は外鉄心、4,16は側脚鉄心、5は巻線、2a,4aは第1の鉄心、2b,4bは第2の鉄心、4cは段付部、6は継ぎ目部、11はエバンス鉄心、14は五脚鉄心である。

In the drawings, 1 is a wound iron core, 2, 12 and 15 are inner iron cores, 3 and 13 are outer iron cores, 4 and 16 are side leg iron cores, 5 is a winding, 2a and 4a are first iron cores, 2b and 4b are The second iron core, 4c is a stepped portion, 6 is a joint portion, 11 is an Evans iron core, and 14 is a five-legged iron core.

Claims (6)

隣接する二つの内鉄心と、
これらの内鉄心の外周を覆う外鉄心と、
この外鉄心の両側部のそれぞれに配設された側脚鉄心とを具備し、
前記外鉄心と前記側脚鉄心との積厚の和は、前記内鉄心の積厚と略等しくなるように設定されていることを特徴とする変圧器の巻鉄心。
Two adjacent inner cores,
An outer iron core covering the outer periphery of these inner iron cores,
With side leg cores disposed on both sides of the outer iron core,
The wound core of the transformer, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the outer core and the side leg core is set to be substantially equal to the thickness of the inner core.
外鉄心の平均磁路長と二つの側脚鉄心の平均磁路長の和とを比較して、平均磁路長の長い方の鉄心の断面積が他方のそれよりも小に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の変圧器の巻鉄心。   Comparing the average magnetic path length of the outer core and the sum of the average magnetic path lengths of the two side leg cores, the cross-sectional area of the iron core with the longer average magnetic path length is set smaller than that of the other The wound core of a transformer according to claim 1. 外鉄心の平均磁路長と二つの側脚鉄心の平均磁路長の和とを比較して、平均磁路長の短い方の鉄心材料が他方の鉄心材料よりも透磁率が高く設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の変圧器の巻鉄心。   Comparing the average magnetic path length of the outer core and the sum of the average magnetic path lengths of the two side leg cores, the core material with the shorter average magnetic path length is set to have higher permeability than the other core material. The wound core of a transformer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 前記内鉄心および前記側脚鉄心の内側面に段付き部を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の変圧器の巻鉄心。The wound core of the transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a stepped portion is provided on an inner surface of the inner core and the side leg core. 前記側脚鉄心の外側の脚部に、継ぎ目部を設けることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の変圧器の巻鉄心。The wound core of the transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a seam portion is provided on an outer leg portion of the side leg iron core. 請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の巻鉄心を用いたことを特徴とする変圧器。A transformer using the wound iron core according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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JP5685006B2 (en) * 2010-05-25 2015-03-18 トクデン株式会社 Triple frequency generator
CN102360771A (en) * 2011-07-18 2012-02-22 佛山安沛变压器有限公司 Planar coiled iron core for three-phase transformer
JP5945002B2 (en) * 2012-10-17 2016-07-05 株式会社日立製作所 Transformers and converters

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JPS5931011A (en) * 1982-08-14 1984-02-18 Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The Shell type stepped wound core
JPS60214516A (en) * 1984-04-10 1985-10-26 Kitashiba Denki Kk Manufacture of wound iron core
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102281009B (en) * 2010-05-25 2015-11-25 特电株式会社 Single-phase frequency tripling generating means and high frequency generating apparatus

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