JP4813081B2 - Livestock wastewater treatment method - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、畜産施設から発生する汚濁物質（例えば、家畜糞尿等）を含む畜産廃水の処理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for treating livestock wastewater containing pollutants (eg, livestock manure) generated from livestock facilities.
従来、牛、豚、馬、鶏等の家畜を飼育する畜産施設では、家畜から出る糞尿を敷きわら、籾殻等に吸収させ堆肥化することで有効活用してきた。しかし、近年、酪農の大規模化や、いわゆる野積み、素掘り等の処理に対する規制が厳しくなってきているため、家畜糞尿の効率的な処理方法の開発が急務となっている。
そこで、家畜糞尿の処理方法としては、高分子凝集剤を用いた廃水処理法を適用することが知られている。そのなかで近年増えている廃水処理法は、例えば、家畜の原糞尿（汚濁物質）中の大きな固形分をセパレーターで取り除いた液に、カチオン性または両性の高分子凝集剤を含む水溶液を添加して固形分を凝集させ、固形分を脱水分離した後、残った濾液を曝気槽に送り、活性汚泥処理する方法である。その際、曝気槽から排出される余剰汚泥は、セパレーターで分離された原糞尿と混合した後に高分子凝集剤で凝集分離する。そして、凝集分離により得られた固形分は、発酵処理されて堆肥化される。
Conventionally, in livestock facilities for raising livestock such as cattle, pigs, horses, chickens, etc., manure from the livestock has been used effectively by being absorbed into straw, rice husks, etc. and composted. However, in recent years, regulations on the treatment of large-scale dairy farming, so-called field piling, unearthing, and the like have become strict, and therefore, development of an efficient method for treating livestock manure has become an urgent task.
Thus, it is known to apply a wastewater treatment method using a polymer flocculant as a method for treating livestock manure. Among them, wastewater treatment methods that have been increasing in recent years include, for example, adding an aqueous solution containing a cationic or amphoteric polymer flocculant to a solution obtained by removing a large solid content in livestock manure (contaminant) with a separator. In this method, the solid content is agglomerated and the solid content is dehydrated and separated, and then the remaining filtrate is sent to an aeration tank to perform activated sludge treatment. At that time, surplus sludge discharged from the aeration tank is agglomerated and separated by the polymer flocculant after being mixed with the raw excreta separated by the separator. And the solid content obtained by coagulation separation is fermented and composted.
上記廃水処理法では、廃液を全量曝気槽で処理する場合に比べ固形分が除去されるため、曝気槽の負荷増大を抑えることができる一方で、原糞尿を多く含む畜産廃水をそのまま凝集処理しなければならないため、凝集処理が難しく、かつ処理水の濁度やＣＯＤ値が低下しにくいという問題があった。これは、ひとつには原糞尿を多く含む廃水は有機分が多く、アニオン荷電が多いため、アニオン荷電を中和するカチオン性または両性の凝集剤が多量に吸着されるためである。また、畜産廃水は、高塩濃度でかつｐＨが高いため、凝集剤の吸着速度が遅くなり、凝集剤の反応性が低下するためである。特に、反応性の低下は分子量の高い高分子凝集剤においては顕著である。
この対策として、特許文献１では高分子凝集剤を分割添加する方法が提案されている。
As a countermeasure against this, Patent Document 1 proposes a method of dividing and adding a polymer flocculant.
しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の処理方法は複雑であるため、既存の廃水処理装置を使用できないという問題があった。
凝集剤の反応性を高めるためには、畜産廃水に添加する高分子凝集剤水溶液の液粘度を下げる方法が考えられるが、高分子凝集剤を含み、高粘度化しやすい高分子凝集剤水溶液の粘度を下げるためには、希薄溶液にしなければならない。ところが、希薄な高分子凝集剤水溶液を用いると、高分子凝集剤水溶液の量が多くなるため、廃水処理装置を大きくしなければならないし、必要とする水の量が多くなるという問題があり、現実的ではない。
また、高分子凝集剤の分子量を下げることにより高分子凝集剤水溶液の粘度を下げることもできるが、その場合には、固形分の脱水性が低下するので、実用的ではない。
本発明は、前記事情を鑑みてなされたものであり、畜産廃水中の汚濁物質を容易に凝集させることができ、しかも既存の廃水処理装置を使用できる畜産廃水の処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
However, since the treatment method described in Patent Document 1 is complicated, there is a problem that an existing wastewater treatment apparatus cannot be used.
In order to increase the reactivity of the flocculant, a method of lowering the liquid viscosity of the aqueous polymer flocculant solution added to the livestock wastewater can be considered. In order to lower the solution, it must be a dilute solution. However, when a dilute polymer flocculant aqueous solution is used, the amount of the polymer flocculant aqueous solution increases, so there is a problem that the waste water treatment apparatus must be enlarged and the amount of water required increases. Not realistic.
Further, the viscosity of the polymer flocculant aqueous solution can be lowered by lowering the molecular weight of the polymer flocculant, but in this case, the dehydrating property of the solid content is lowered, which is not practical.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating livestock wastewater that can easily aggregate pollutants in livestock wastewater and that can use existing wastewater treatment equipment. And
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、特定の高分子凝集剤に特定の塩類を共存させることにより、畜産廃水中の汚濁物質を容易に凝集できることを見出し、以下の畜産廃水の処理方法を発明した。
すなわち、本発明の畜産廃水の処理方法は、畜産施設より発生する汚濁物質を含む畜産廃水に、無機塩とカチオン系及び／又は両性系の高分子凝集剤とを含有する凝集用溶液を添加して廃水処理する畜産廃水の処理方法であって、
無機塩が、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウムのいずれかであり、
凝集用溶液中の無機塩含有量が、高分子凝集剤量の１質量％以上であり、
高分子凝集剤が、下記構造式（１）で示される単位を有し、４質量％食塩水に濃度０．５質量％で含有させた際の溶液の粘度が３０ｍＰａ・ｓ以上になるものであることを特徴とする。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that pollutants in livestock wastewater can be easily aggregated by coexisting specific salts with specific polymer flocculants. Invented a method for treating wastewater.
That is, the livestock wastewater treatment method of the present invention adds a coagulation solution containing an inorganic salt and a cationic and / or amphoteric polymer flocculant to livestock wastewater containing pollutants generated from livestock facilities. A livestock wastewater treatment method for treating wastewater,
The inorganic salt is ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, or potassium sulfate,
The content of the inorganic salt in the aggregation solution is 1% by mass or more of the amount of the polymer flocculant,
The polymer flocculant has a unit represented by the following structural formula (1), and the viscosity of the solution when it is contained in 4% by mass saline at a concentration of 0.5% by mass is 30 mPa · s or more. It is characterized by being.
構造式（１）中、Ｒ１は水素またはメチル基を示し、Ｒ２，Ｒ３は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数１〜４のアルキル基またはアルコキシル基を示し、Ｒ４は水素、炭素数１〜３のアルキル基、アルコキシル基、ベンジル基のいずれかを示し、Ａは酸素またはＮＨ、Ｂは炭素数１〜４のアルキレン基を示し、Ｘは、Ｃｌ−、Ｂｒ−、1/2ＳＯ４ ２− を示す。 In Structural Formula (1), R 1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group, R 2 and R 3 each independently represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 4 represents hydrogen or carbon number. 1 to 3 represents an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, or a benzyl group, A represents oxygen or NH, B represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X represents Cl − , Br − , 1 / 2SO 4. 2- is shown.
本発明の畜産廃水の処理方法によれば、畜産廃水中の汚濁物質を容易に凝集させることができ、しかも既存の廃水処理装置を使用できる。 According to the method for treating livestock wastewater of the present invention, contaminants in livestock wastewater can be easily aggregated, and an existing wastewater treatment apparatus can be used.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の畜産廃水の処理方法は、畜産施設より発生する汚濁物質を含む畜産廃水に、無機塩と高分子凝集剤とを含有する凝集用溶液を添加して廃水処理する方法である。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The method for treating livestock wastewater of the present invention is a method for treating wastewater by adding a coagulation solution containing an inorganic salt and a polymer flocculant to livestock wastewater containing contaminants generated from livestock facilities.
凝集用溶液に含まれる無機塩としては、硫酸塩が好ましく、さらには、硫酸のアルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩がより好ましく、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウムが特に好ましい。
凝集用溶液中の無機塩の含有量は、凝集用溶液中の高分子凝集剤量の１質量％以上であり、１〜５０質量％であることが好ましい。無機塩含有量が高分子凝集剤量の１質量％未満では、凝集用溶液の粘度を低下させることが困難である。
The inorganic salt contained in the coagulation solution is preferably a sulfate, more preferably an alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt or ammonium salt of sulfuric acid, and particularly preferably ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate.
The content of the inorganic salt in the aggregation solution is 1% by mass or more of the amount of the polymer flocculant in the aggregation solution, and is preferably 1 to 50% by mass. When the inorganic salt content is less than 1% by mass of the polymer flocculant amount, it is difficult to reduce the viscosity of the aggregation solution.
凝集用溶液に含まれる高分子凝集剤は、カチオン系凝集剤及び／又は両性系凝集剤であって、上記構造式（１）で示される単位を有しているビニル系ポリマーである。高分子凝集剤における構造式（１）で示される単位の含量は５〜１００モル％であることが好ましく、５０〜１００モル％であることがより好ましい。また、高分子凝集剤は、上記構造式（１）で示されたそれぞれ異なる２種以上の単位を有するビニル系ポリマーであってもよい。 The polymer flocculant contained in the flocculation solution is a cationic flocculant and / or an amphoteric flocculant, which is a vinyl polymer having a unit represented by the above structural formula (1). The content of the unit represented by the structural formula (1) in the polymer flocculant is preferably 5 to 100 mol%, and more preferably 50 to 100 mol%. The polymer flocculant may be a vinyl polymer having two or more different units represented by the structural formula (1).
構造式（１）中、Ｒ１は水素またはメチル基である。
Ｒ２，Ｒ３は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数１〜４のアルキル基（メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基）またはアルコキシ基（メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ブトキシ基）である。
Ｒ４は水素、炭素数１〜３のアルキル基（メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基）、アルコキシ基（メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基）、ベンジル基のいずれかである。
また、Ａは酸素またはＮＨ、Ｂは炭素数１〜４のアルキレン基（メチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基、ブチレン基）を示す。
構造式（１）で示される単位の具体例としては、アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド、メタクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライドなどが挙げられる。
構造式（１）で示される単位を有していることにより、高分子はカチオン性を示し、汚泥粒子のアニオン性電荷を中和すると共に、表面に吸着架橋し分散粒子を凝集させることができる。さらに畜産廃水のようなｐＨの高い汚泥においても構造式（１）のカチオン基はその解離度が低下しないので好ましい。また他のカチオン性を示す単位に比べ安価で性能的にも好ましい。
In the structural formula (1), R 1 is hydrogen or a methyl group.
R 2 and R 3 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group) or alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group). is there.
R 4 is any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group), an alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group), or a benzyl group.
A represents oxygen or NH, and B represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (methylene group, ethylene group, propylene group, butylene group).
Specific examples of the unit represented by the structural formula (1) include acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride.
By having the unit represented by the structural formula (1), the polymer is cationic and can neutralize the anionic charge of the sludge particles, and can adsorb and crosslink the particles to aggregate the dispersed particles. . Furthermore, even in sludge having a high pH such as livestock wastewater, the cationic group of the structural formula (1) is preferable because its dissociation degree does not decrease. Moreover, it is cheaper and more preferable in terms of performance than other cationic units.
また、高分子凝集剤は、上記構造式（１）に示される単位以外の単位として、（メタ）アクリルアミド単位、（メタ）アクリル酸（塩）単位を有してもよく、さらに微量の架橋成分を有していてもよい。 In addition, the polymer flocculant may have a (meth) acrylamide unit or a (meth) acrylic acid (salt) unit as a unit other than the unit represented by the structural formula (1). You may have.
高分子凝集剤は、４質量％食塩水に濃度０．５質量％で含有させた際の溶液の粘度が３０ｍＰａ・ｓ以上になるものであり、４０ｍＰａ・ｓ以上になるものが好ましい。４質量％食塩水に濃度０．５質量％で含有させた際の溶液の粘度が３０ｍＰａ・ｓ以上になるもの、すなわち、分子量が高いものであることにより、凝集力を向上させることができる。なお、溶液の粘度はポリマーの分子量に相関し、溶液の粘度が高い程、分子量が高くなる（あるいは、溶液の粘度が低い程、分子量が低くなる）関係にある。 The polymer flocculant has a viscosity of 30 mPa · s or higher, preferably 40 mPa · s or higher, when contained in 4% by mass saline at a concentration of 0.5% by mass. The cohesive force can be improved by having a solution having a viscosity of 30 mPa · s or higher, that is, having a high molecular weight, when contained in 4% by mass saline at a concentration of 0.5% by mass. The viscosity of the solution correlates with the molecular weight of the polymer, and has a relationship that the higher the solution viscosity, the higher the molecular weight (or the lower the solution viscosity, the lower the molecular weight).
高分子凝集剤は、周知の重合方法、例えば、水溶液重合、懸濁重合、乳化重合、光重合等により得られる。また、高分子凝集剤の形態としては、例えば、粉末、溶液、エマルジョン、ディスパージョンなどのいずれであっても構わない。 The polymer flocculant can be obtained by a known polymerization method such as aqueous solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, photopolymerization and the like. The form of the polymer flocculant may be any of powder, solution, emulsion, dispersion and the like.
凝集用溶液に含まれる高分子凝集剤は１種類であってもよいが、分子量、カチオン量等がそれぞれ異なる２種類以上であってもよい。さらに、必要に応じて、ノニオン性、アニオン性の凝集剤や無機凝集剤を併用しても構わない。 The polymer flocculant contained in the aggregation solution may be one type, but may be two or more types different in molecular weight, cation amount, and the like. Furthermore, if necessary, a nonionic or anionic flocculant or an inorganic flocculant may be used in combination.
凝集用溶液中の高分子凝集剤濃度は０．０５〜０．５質量％であることが好ましく、０．１〜０．３質量％であることが好ましい。 The concentration of the polymer flocculant in the aggregation solution is preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by mass.
凝集用溶液の調製方法としては特に限定されず、例えば、無機塩を高分子凝集剤の溶液に添加してもよいし、無機塩の水溶液に高分子凝集剤を溶解してもよいし、高分子凝集剤の溶液に無機塩を固体のまままたは無機塩の水溶液を添加してもよい。 The method for preparing the aggregation solution is not particularly limited. For example, an inorganic salt may be added to the polymer flocculant solution, or the polymer flocculant may be dissolved in an aqueous solution of the inorganic salt. The solution of the molecular flocculant may be added with the inorganic salt as a solid or an aqueous solution of the inorganic salt.
上記凝集用溶液が添加される畜産廃水は、畜産施設より発生する汚濁物質のみを含む廃水であってもよいし、該凝集処理の後工程の曝気槽から引き抜かれた余剰汚泥と前記汚濁物質とを含んだ廃水であってもよい。汚濁物質と余剰汚泥とを含む場合には、汚濁物質と余剰汚泥との質量比が５：５〜１０：０であることが好ましい。
畜産施設より発生する汚濁物質としては、牛、豚、馬、鶏等の家畜の糞尿が挙げられる。
また、畜産廃水に上記凝集用溶液を添加する方法としては特に制限されず、周知の方法を採用できる。
The livestock wastewater to which the coagulation solution is added may be wastewater containing only the pollutant generated from the livestock facility, or the surplus sludge extracted from the aeration tank in the subsequent process of the coagulation treatment and the pollutant It may be wastewater containing. When the pollutant and excess sludge are included, the mass ratio of the pollutant and excess sludge is preferably 5: 5 to 10: 0.
Examples of pollutants generated from livestock facilities include manure from livestock such as cattle, pigs, horses and chickens.
Moreover, it does not restrict | limit especially as a method to add the said solution for aggregation to livestock wastewater, A well-known method is employable.
上記凝集用溶液を畜産廃水に添加することにより、汚濁物質が凝集して固形分（フロック）が形成する。この固形分を、各種の分離装置により分離した後、ウェット状態の固形分を脱水する。脱水に使用する脱水装置としては、例えば、プレス脱水、遠心デカンター、スクリュープレス、多重円盤式脱水機、ロータリープレスフィルター、真空脱水機などが挙げられる。
また、固形分を分離して残存した濾液を、曝気槽に送り、活性汚泥処理し、汚泥を分離除去して処理水を得る。
以上のように畜産廃水を廃水処理することにより、乾燥固形分と処理水とを得る。
By adding the coagulation solution to livestock wastewater, the pollutants are aggregated to form a solid (floc). After this solid content is separated by various separators, the wet solid content is dehydrated. Examples of the dehydrator used for dehydration include press dehydration, centrifugal decanter, screw press, multiple disk dehydrator, rotary press filter, vacuum dehydrator and the like.
Moreover, the filtrate which remained after isolate | separating solid content is sent to an aeration tank, activated sludge process is carried out, and sludge is separated and removed, and treated water is obtained.
By treating livestock wastewater as described above, dry solids and treated water are obtained.
上述した畜産廃水の処理方法では、凝集用溶液中に特定の高分子凝集剤の他に塩類が含まれているため、希薄にせずに凝集用溶液の粘度を下げることができる。また、ここで選択された無機塩類は高分子凝集剤の反応性を阻害しない。その結果、凝集速度を向上させることができるため、畜産廃水中の汚濁物質を容易に凝集させることができ、固形分分離後の濾液の濁度およびＣＯＤ値を小さくすることができる。しかも、この処理方法では、凝集用溶液を希薄にする必要がないから、既存の廃水処理装置を使用できる。
さらに、この処理方法では、添加した高分子凝集剤が有効に使用されるためその使用量を削減することができる。
In the livestock wastewater treatment method described above, since the coagulation solution contains salts in addition to the specific polymer flocculant, the viscosity of the coagulation solution can be lowered without diluting. Moreover, the inorganic salts selected here do not inhibit the reactivity of the polymer flocculant. As a result, since the aggregation rate can be improved, the pollutant in the livestock wastewater can be easily aggregated, and the turbidity and COD value of the filtrate after solid content separation can be reduced. Moreover, in this treatment method, it is not necessary to dilute the coagulation solution, so that an existing waste water treatment apparatus can be used.
Furthermore, in this processing method, the added polymer flocculant is used effectively, so that the amount used can be reduced.
以下に、本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明は本実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
＜高分子凝集剤溶液＞
以下の例で使用した高分子凝集剤は下記の通りである。
高分子凝集剤溶液Ａ：高分子凝集剤濃度０．１５質量％
高分子凝集剤；アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド／アクリルアミド＝８０／２０（モル比）共重合体
４質量％食塩水中のポリマー濃度０．５質量％溶液の粘度；８０ｍＰａ・ｓ
高分子凝集剤溶液Ｂ：高分子凝集剤濃度０．１５質量％
高分子凝集剤；アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド／アクリルアミド＝８０／２０（モル比）共重合体
４質量％食塩水中のポリマー濃度０．５質量％溶液の粘度；１７ｍＰａ・ｓ
高分子凝集剤溶液Ｃ：高分子凝集剤濃度０．１５質量％
高分子凝集剤；アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド／アクリルアミド＝８０／２０（モル比）共重合体
４質量％食塩水中のポリマー濃度０．５質量％溶液の粘度；３５ｍＰａ・ｓ なお、４質量％食塩水中のポリマー濃度０．５質量％溶液の粘度は、高分子凝集剤２．５ｇ、食塩２０ｇを純水に溶解し、合計５００ｇの水溶液を調製し、その水溶液を２５℃でＢ型回転粘度計（６０ｒｐｍ）で測定することにより求めた。
<Polymer flocculant solution>
The polymer flocculants used in the following examples are as follows.
Polymer flocculant solution A: Polymer flocculant concentration 0.15% by mass
Polymer flocculant; acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride / acrylamide = 80/20 (molar ratio) copolymer Viscosity of a polymer concentration 0.5% by mass in 4% by mass saline; 80 mPa · s
Polymer flocculant solution B: Polymer flocculant concentration 0.15% by mass
Polymer flocculant; acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride / acrylamide = 80/20 (molar ratio) copolymer Viscosity of a polymer concentration of 0.5% by mass in 4% by mass saline; 17 mPa · s
Polymer flocculant solution C: Polymer flocculant concentration 0.15% by mass
Polymer flocculant; acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride / acrylamide = 80/20 (molar ratio) copolymer 4% by weight Polymer concentration in a 0.5% by weight saline solution; 35 mPa · s, 4% by weight salt Viscosity of a solution having a polymer concentration of 0.5% by mass in water is obtained by dissolving 2.5 g of a polymer flocculant and 20 g of sodium chloride in pure water to prepare a total of 500 g of an aqueous solution. It calculated | required by measuring at (60 rpm).
（実施例１）
高分子凝集剤溶液Ａに、高分子凝集剤量の２０質量％の硫酸アンモニウムを添加して、凝集用溶液を調製した。次いで、Ｔ畜産廃水（総固形分８．７３質量％）３００ｍｌをビーカーに取り、そのビーカーに凝集用溶液を高分子凝集剤添加量が畜産廃水に対して６００ｐｐｍになるよう添加した。その後、ビーカー内の畜産廃水をスパチュラで３０秒間、１００回転撹拌して処理したところ、直径５〜１０ｍｍのフロックを形成した。そして、処理後の畜産廃水を４８メッシュの濾布で濾過したところ、１０秒間で１１０ｍｌの濾液が得られた。濾液には、ほとんど濁りがなかった。また、濾布上の固形分を掌圧で圧搾して水を絞った後の、固形分の濾布からの剥離性は良好であった。
(Example 1)
To the polymer flocculant solution A, 20% by mass of ammonium sulfate of the amount of the polymer flocculant was added to prepare a coagulation solution. Next, 300 ml of T livestock wastewater (total solid content: 8.73% by mass) was taken in a beaker, and a coagulation solution was added to the beaker so that the amount of the polymer flocculant added was 600 ppm relative to the livestock wastewater. Then, when the livestock waste water in the beaker was processed by stirring 100 times for 30 seconds with a spatula, flocs having a diameter of 5 to 10 mm were formed. Then, the treated livestock wastewater was filtered with a 48 mesh filter cloth, and 110 ml of filtrate was obtained in 10 seconds. The filtrate was almost free of turbidity. Moreover, the peelability from the filter cloth of solid content after pressing the solid content on the filter cloth with palm pressure and squeezing water was good.
（比較例１）
高分子凝集剤溶液Ａに硫酸アンモニウムを添加しなかったこと以外は実施例１と同様にして畜産廃水を処理したところ、２分間撹拌し続けても、フロックを形成せず、濾過しても固形分と水とを分離できなかった。
(Comparative Example 1)
The livestock wastewater was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that ammonium sulfate was not added to the polymer flocculant solution A. Even if stirring was continued for 2 minutes, no floc was formed, and the solid content was filtered. And water could not be separated.
（比較例２）
高分子凝集剤溶液Ａの代わりに、高分子凝集剤溶液Ｂを用いたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして畜産廃水を処理したところ、３０秒間の撹拌でフロックを形成したが、フロック径は１ｍｍ以下と小さかった。そのため、４８メッシュの濾布で濾過しても濾液は１０秒で５０ｍｌ以下しか得られず、しかも濾液は濁っていた。
(Comparative Example 2)
When livestock wastewater was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer flocculant solution B was used instead of the polymer flocculant solution A, flocs were formed by stirring for 30 seconds. It was as small as 1 mm or less. Therefore, even if it filtered with the 48 mesh filter cloth, only 50 ml or less of filtrate was obtained in 10 seconds, and the filtrate was cloudy.
（実施例２）
高分子凝集剤溶液Ａに高分子凝集剤量の３０質量％の硫酸アンモニウムを添加して凝集用溶液を調製し、その凝集用溶液をＰ畜産廃水（総固形分６．９１質量％）に添加した。凝集用溶液の添加量７００ｐｐｍで３０秒間の攪拌により、直径３〜４ｍｍのフロックを形成した。４８メッシュの濾布で濾過し、濾布からの剥離性の良い固形分と濁りのない濾液とに分離できた。濾液量は１０秒間で１２５ｍｌであった。
(Example 2)
To the polymer flocculant solution A, 30% by mass of ammonium sulfate of the amount of the polymer flocculant was added to prepare an aggregating solution, and the aggregating solution was added to P livestock wastewater (total solid content 6.91% by mass). . A floc having a diameter of 3 to 4 mm was formed by stirring for 30 seconds at an addition amount of 700 ppm of the aggregation solution. It filtered with the 48 mesh filter cloth, and it was able to isolate | separate into solid content with good peelability from a filter cloth, and a filtrate without turbidity. The filtrate volume was 125 ml in 10 seconds.
（実施例３）
硫酸アンモニウムの代わりに硫酸ナトリウムを用いたこと以外は実施例２と同様にして畜産廃水を処理したところ、実施例２と同様に添加量７００ｐｐｍで３０秒間の攪拌により直径３〜４ｍｍのフロックを形成した。そして、濾布で濾過したところ、濾布からの剥離性の良い固形分と濁りのない濾液とに分離できた。濾液量は１０秒間で１２５ｍｌであった。
(Example 3)
When livestock wastewater was treated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that sodium sulfate was used instead of ammonium sulfate, flocs having a diameter of 3 to 4 mm were formed by stirring for 30 seconds at an addition amount of 700 ppm as in Example 2. . And when it filtered with the filter cloth, it was able to isolate | separate into solid content with good peelability from a filter cloth, and a filtrate without turbidity. The filtrate volume was 125 ml in 10 seconds.
（比較例３）
硫酸アンモニウムを添加しなかったこと以外は実施例２と同様にして畜産廃水を処理した。その結果、凝集はみられたが、フロックは不明瞭で水ぶくれ状態であり、濾過できなかった。また、凝集用溶液の添加量を８００ｐｐｍまで増やしても状況は改善されなかった。
(Comparative Example 3)
Livestock wastewater was treated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that ammonium sulfate was not added. As a result, although aggregation was observed, the floc was unclear and in a blistered state and could not be filtered. Moreover, even if the addition amount of the aggregation solution was increased to 800 ppm, the situation was not improved.
（実施例４）
高分子凝集剤溶液Ｃに高分子凝集剤量の３質量％の硫酸アンモニウムを添加して凝集用溶液を調製し、その凝集用溶液をＹ農場廃水（総固形分質量５％）に添加した。凝集用溶液の添加量３５０ｐｐｍで３０秒間の攪拌により、直径３〜４ｍｍのフロックを形成した。４８メッシュの濾布で濾過し、濾布からの剥離性の良い固形分と濁りのない濾液とに分離できた。濾液量は１０秒間で１２０ｍｌであった。
Example 4
To the polymer flocculant solution C, 3% by mass of ammonium sulfate of the amount of the polymer flocculant was added to prepare a coagulation solution, and the coagulation solution was added to Y farm wastewater (total solid content mass 5%). A floc having a diameter of 3 to 4 mm was formed by stirring for 30 seconds at an addition amount of 350 ppm of the aggregation solution. It filtered with the 48 mesh filter cloth, and it was able to isolate | separate into solid content with good peelability from a filter cloth, and a filtrate without turbidity. The filtrate volume was 120 ml for 10 seconds.
（比較例４）
硫酸アンモニウムの添加をしない以外は実施例４と同様に処理を行ったところ凝集はみられたが、フロックは不明瞭で水ぶくれ状態であり、濾過が極めて遅く、かつ濾物の濾布からの剥離性が極めて悪かった。また、凝集用溶液の添加量を１０００ｐｐｍまで増やしても状況は改善されなかった。
(Comparative Example 4)
Aggregation was observed when the same treatment was carried out as in Example 4 except that ammonium sulfate was not added, but the floc was unclear and blistered, the filtration was extremely slow, and the releasability of the filtrate from the filter cloth was Was extremely bad. Moreover, even if the addition amount of the aggregation solution was increased to 1000 ppm, the situation was not improved.
無機塩と特定の高分子凝集剤とを含有する凝集用溶液を畜産廃水に添加した実施例１〜４の処理方法では、畜産廃水中の汚濁物質を容易に凝集させることができた。
これに対し、凝集用溶液に無機塩を添加しなかった比較例１，３，４の処理方法では、畜産廃水中の汚濁物質の凝集は困難であった。
また、４質量％食塩水に濃度０．５質量％で含有させた際の溶液の粘度が３０ｍＰａ・ｓ未満になる高分子凝集剤を用いた比較例２の処理方法では、汚濁物質の凝集が不充分であった。
In the treatment methods of Examples 1 to 4 in which a coagulation solution containing an inorganic salt and a specific polymer flocculant was added to livestock wastewater, contaminants in the livestock wastewater could be easily aggregated.
On the other hand, in the treatment methods of Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 4 in which the inorganic salt was not added to the coagulation solution, it was difficult to coagulate the pollutants in the livestock wastewater.
Further, in the treatment method of Comparative Example 2 using the polymer flocculant in which the viscosity of the solution when contained in 4% by mass saline at a concentration of 0.5% by mass is less than 30 mPa · s, aggregation of the pollutant is caused. It was insufficient.
Claims (1)
無機塩が、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウムのいずれかであり、
凝集用溶液中の無機塩含有量が、高分子凝集剤量の１質量％以上であり、高分子凝集剤が、下記構造式（１）で示される単位を有し、４質量％食塩水に濃度０．５質量％で含有させた際の溶液の粘度が３０ｍＰａ・ｓ以上になるものであることを特徴とする畜産廃水の処理方法。
The inorganic salt is ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, or potassium sulfate,
The content of the inorganic salt in the coagulation solution is 1% by mass or more of the amount of the polymer coagulant, and the polymer coagulant has a unit represented by the following structural formula (1) and is in 4% by mass saline. A method for treating livestock wastewater, wherein the viscosity of the solution when contained at a concentration of 0.5% by mass is 30 mPa · s or more.
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