JP4812049B2 - Polyester resin, its production method, binder for printing ink and printing ink - Google Patents

Polyester resin, its production method, binder for printing ink and printing ink Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4812049B2
JP4812049B2 JP2002322821A JP2002322821A JP4812049B2 JP 4812049 B2 JP4812049 B2 JP 4812049B2 JP 2002322821 A JP2002322821 A JP 2002322821A JP 2002322821 A JP2002322821 A JP 2002322821A JP 4812049 B2 JP4812049 B2 JP 4812049B2
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Prior art keywords
printing ink
polyester resin
weight
acid
ink
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JP2002322821A
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JP2004155908A (en
Inventor
英介 夏原
滋 川瀬
正也 稲波
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Arakawa Chemical Industries Ltd
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Arakawa Chemical Industries Ltd
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  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はポリエステル樹脂、その製造法、印刷インキ用バインダーおよび印刷インキに関する。より詳しくは、ホルムアルデヒド等の環境や人体への負荷が大きい物質を構成成分としないポリエステル樹脂、その製造法、当該ポリエステル樹脂を主たる成分とする印刷インキ用バインダー、および当該印刷インキ用バインダーを使用した印刷インキに関する。当該印刷インキとしては、オフセット印刷インキ、新聞インキ、凸版印刷インキ、グラビア印刷インキ等が該当する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ロジン類、アルキルフェノールとホルムアルデヒドの縮合物、およびポリオール等を主原料とするロジン変性フェノール樹脂は、高軟化点、高粘度、高ゲル化能を有し、さらにはインキ用溶剤に対する溶解性に優れるため、従来から印刷インキ用バインダー、特にオフセット用印刷インキ用バインダーとして賞用されている。
【0003】
しかし、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂の主な原料であるアルキルフェノールホルムアルデヒド縮合物は製造時にホルムアルデヒドを含有する廃水が発生するため、近年、揮発性有機化合物(VOC)による大気汚染などの環境問題や作業環境の安全衛生面での問題が指摘されている。また、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂は、当該樹脂を用いた印刷インキの加熱乾燥工程でホルムアルデヒドが発生するという問題も指摘されていた。
【0004】
このような状況の下、ホルムアルデヒドを原料としないオフセット印刷インキ用バインダーの開発が待望されており、たとえば上記したロジン変性フェノール樹脂が有する諸問題を軽減させるべくロジン変性フェノール樹脂の代わりに石油樹脂を用いる試みがなされている。しかし、一般的に知られている石油樹脂は分子中の官能基数が少なく、また3次元構造も少ないため、ゲル化能が低い、ミスチングが大である、光沢が不十分であるなど印刷適性が不十分であるため、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂と石油樹脂を併用されることはあっても石油樹脂が単独でオフセット印刷インキ用バインダーに用いられることはなかった。
【0005】
また、上記対策として、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂の代わりにポリエステル樹脂を用いるという方法も考えられたが、一般に知られているポリエステル樹脂は高軟化点ではあるものの分子量が低いためミスチングが悪い、極性基を多く含有しているため溶剤との溶解性や乳化適性が実用レベルでない等、印刷適性が不十分であった。このようにオフセット印刷インキ用バインダーに対する要求性能は多岐に亘るため、これまでのところロジン変性フェノール樹脂以外の樹脂でこれら諸性能を満足することは困難であった。
【0006】
これまで本発明者らは、アルキルフェノールホルムアルデヒド縮合物を原料とせず、しかもロジン変性フェノール樹脂に匹敵する高軟化点、高粘度、高溶解性といった特性を有する樹脂を開発してきた(特許文献1)。しかし、当該樹脂は顔料との濡れ性に寄与するフェノール性水酸基を有していないので、光沢が重視される印刷物の印刷適性を十分に満足し得るものではなかった。この問題を解決する手段として、樹脂の極性を高めるために多塩基酸やポリオール等の極性成分を増量する等の手法を取り入れると、インキの乳化率が高くなったり、インキ溶剤への溶解性が低下したり、インキ諸性能のバランスを適度に保つことが困難であった。また、脂肪酸や高級アルコールを添加して溶剤への溶解性を上げる試みもあるが、分子量が低下し印刷時にミスチングするという問題があった。この問題を解決するために、例えば、マレイン化等の(重合)ロジン/ポリオール/一価アルコールから製造される印刷インキ用樹脂バインダーが開示されているが、当該樹脂の溶解性は改善されるものの、当該分子量が6万程度と低いため、得られる印刷インキの耐ミスチング性が充分ではない(特許文献2)。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−139670号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2000−159868号公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、アルキルフェノールホルムアルデヒド縮合物を使用しないことで環境や人体への影響を軽減する、従来公知のロジン変性フェノール樹脂に匹敵する諸物性を有する、更に印刷物に優れた光沢を与える新規なポリエステル樹脂、その製造法、さらには、当該ポリエステル樹脂を含有してなる印刷インキ用バインダー、当該印刷インキ用バインダーを含有してなる印刷インキを提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記課題を解決するべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、ヒドロキシ酸類を必須成分とした本発明のポリエステル樹脂によれば、上記課題が悉く解決できる事を見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。
【0010】
すなわち、本発明は、カルボキシル基を2個以上有するロジンを含有するロジン類(a)(以下、成分(a)という)を39〜90重量%、ヒドロキシ酸類(b)(以下、成分(b)という)を3〜20重量%、芳香族多塩基酸類(c)(以下、成分(c)という)を4〜21重量%およびポリオール類(d)(以下、成分(d)という)を3〜20重量%反応させて得られる、重量平均分子量が30,000〜400,000であるポリエステル樹脂;当該ポリエステル樹脂の製造法;当該ポリエステル樹脂を含有する印刷インキ用バインダー;当該印刷インキ用バインダーを含有する印刷インキに関する。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
まず、本発明のポリエステル樹脂を構成する成分(a)〜成分(d)について説明する。
【0012】
本発明のポリエステル樹脂の製造に用いられる成分(a)としては、たとえばガムロジン、トール油ロジン、ウッドロジンなどの天然ロジン;該天然ロジンから誘導される重合ロジン;前記天然ロジンや重合ロジンを不均化または水素添加して得られる安定化ロジン;前記天然ロジンや重合ロジンに不飽和カルボン酸類を付加して得られる不飽和酸変性ロジンなどがあげられる。なお、前記不飽和酸変性ロジンとは、例えばマレイン酸変性ロジン、無水マレイン酸変性ロジン、フマル酸変性ロジン、イタコン酸変性ロジン、クロトン酸変性ロジン、ケイ皮酸変性ロジン、アクリル酸変性ロジン、メタクリル酸変性ロジンなど、あるいはこれらに対応する酸変性重合ロジンがあげられ、当該不飽和酸変性ロジンは原料ロジン100重量部に対してそれぞれ対応する不飽和カルボン酸を、通常1〜30重量部程度用いて変性されたものである。
【0013】
前記成分(a)には、本発明のポリエステル樹脂を高分子量化できることから分子内に2個以上のカルボキシル基を有するロジン種を含有させる必要がある。特に高分子量化に加え該ポリエステル樹脂のインキ用溶剤への溶解性や軟化点を高くすることができるため重合ロジンおよび/または不飽和酸変性重合ロジンを含有するものを特に好ましく使用できる。後者の場合には、当該重合ロジンおよび/または不飽和酸変性重合ロジンを成分(a)全量の10重量%以上の範囲で使用するのがよい。
【0014】
成分(a)〜成分(d)の合計仕込み量に対する成分(a)の仕込み量は、39〜90重量%程度とする。成分(a)の仕込み量を39重量%以上とすることで本発明のポリエステル樹脂の分子量を所望の分子量とすることができる。また、90重量%以下とすることで当該ポリエステル樹脂の溶剤への溶解性を高めたり、該樹脂を用いた印刷インキの乳化性を向上させたりできる。
【0015】
本発明のポリエステル樹脂の製造に用いられる成分(b)としては、同一分子内に水酸基およびカルボキシル基を有するヒドロキシ酸類が使用され、脂肪族ヒドロキシ酸類、脂環族ヒドロキシ酸類や対応するヒドロキシ酸の分子内脱水縮合による生成物であるラクトン類などを例示できる。前記脂肪族ヒドロキシ酸類としては具体的には全炭素数2〜40程度のものが好ましく使用され、たとえば乳酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸、ヒマシ油脂肪酸、12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸等が挙げられる。また、前記脂環族ヒドロキシ酸としては、具体的には全炭素数が4〜40程度のものが好ましく使用され、たとえば1−ヒドロキシ−1−シクロプロパンカルボン酸等のヒドロキシシクロプロパンカルボン酸などが挙げられる。また、前記ラクトン類としては、γ−ブチロラクトン、γ−カプロラクトン、δ−ドデカノラクトン、ω−ペンタデカラクトン等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で、または2種以上を併用できる。
【0016】
成分(a)〜成分(d)の合計仕込み量に対する成分(b)の仕込み量は、3〜20重量%程度とする。成分(b)の仕込み量を3重量%以上とすることで印刷インキの印刷面の光沢を高めることができる。また、20重量%以下とすることで得られる樹脂を用いたインキの乾燥性、ミスチング、乳化率を容易に調整できる。
【0017】
前記(c)成分である芳香族多塩基酸類としては、無水フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、無水トリメリット酸、ピロメリット酸、これらに対応するモノメチルエステル、モノエチルエステル、ジメチルエステル、ジエチルエステル等の芳香族多塩基酸のエステル類を例示できる。
【0018】
(c)成分の仕込み量は、(a)〜(d)成分の合計仕込み量に対して4〜21重量%程度とする。(c)成分の使用量が4重量%より少ない場合では所望の分子量のものが得られず、21重量%より多い場合ではゲル状物が発生するため好ましくない。また前記芳香族多塩基酸は1種を単独で使用することもできるが、2種以上の異なるものを併用することもできる。
【0019】
本発明のポリエステル樹脂の製造に用いられる成分(d)としては、たとえばジペンタエリスリトール、ペンタエリスリトール、ジグリセリン、グリセリン、ジトリメチロールプロパン、トリメチロールプロパン、ジトリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールエタンや、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコールなどの脂肪族ジアルコール類等、従来からロジン変性フェノール樹脂のポリオール成分として公知のポリオールを例示できる。
【0020】
前記成分(d)のなかでも本発明のポリエステル樹脂の軟化点、分子量、また本発明の印刷インキのミスチングや乳化率を制御し易いことから、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、トリメチロールエタンなど当該分子の最長炭素鎖における炭素数が4以下のものである3価アルコールや、ペンタエリスリトール、ジグリセリン、ジトリメチロールプロパン、ジトリメチロールエタンなど当該分子の最長炭素鎖における炭素数が4以下のものである4価アルコールを使用するのが好ましい。
【0021】
成分(d)の使用量は特に制限されないが、本発明のポリエステル樹脂を設計するに際し樹脂を所望の分子量とし、本発明の印刷インキの乳化特性を適切なものとするため、成分(a)〜成分(d)の各成分中の全水酸基当量数と全カルボキシル基当量数の割合を、通常当量比OH/COOHが0.5〜1.2程度となるよう使用するのが好ましい。また、成分(a)〜成分(d)の合計仕込み量に対する成分(d)の仕込み量は、3〜20重量%程度とする。成分(d)が3重量%より少ない場合は本発明のポリエステル樹脂を所望の分子量とし難くなる傾向にあり、また20重量%より多い場合には本発明のインキの乳化特性を適切とし難くなる傾向にある。
【0022】
次に本発明のポリエステル樹脂の製造法について説明する。本発明のポリエステル樹脂は前記成分(a)〜成分(d)を原料として、各種公知のポリエステル樹脂の製造法により得られる。反応に際し、触媒や反応温度等の反応条件は特に制限されない。たとえば成分(a)〜成分(d)を所定量ずつ反応装置に仕込み、必要に応じて各種公知の酸性または塩基性触媒の存在下、100〜300℃程度の温度範囲にて1〜20時間程度反応させればよい。前記触媒としては、塩酸、硫酸などの鉱酸、メタンスルホン酸、パラトルエンスルホン酸、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸などのスルホン酸、酸化亜鉛、酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウムなどの金属酸化物、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化カルシウムなどの金属の水酸化物、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸マグネシウム、酢酸亜鉛などの酢酸塩が挙げられる。また、本発明のポリエステル樹脂を所望の分子量および軟化点に調節する目的から、エステル化反応前および/またはエステル化反応の途中でエポキシ化大豆油、エポキシ化アマニ油などの架橋剤を任意の量で添加することができる。また、印刷インキの印刷面に耐水性を付与する観点から、ケイ素原子の置換基にヒドロキシアルキルや水素原子を有するポリオルガノシロキサンを添加することもできる。さらに本発明のポリエステル樹脂を所望の溶解性に調節する目的から、脂肪酸類、脂肪族多塩基酸類、脂肪族モノアルコール類、脂肪族ジアルコール類、脂肪族モノアミン類、脂肪族モノエポキシ類、およびカルボン酸類と疎水性の重合性不飽和化合物とからなるポリマーと当該ポリマー中のカルボン酸類に対し反応性を有する疎水性化合物とを部分的に反応させてなる樹脂、ならびに極性基含有石油樹脂を少量配合することもできる。
【0023】
前記方法で得られた本発明のポリエステル樹脂は高軟化点を有することを特徴とする。軟化点は通常120〜200℃程度であり、好ましくは140〜200℃程度である(JIS K5601に準拠した値)。軟化点を120℃以上とすることで本発明の印刷インキの乾燥性やセット性を良好とすることができ、また、200℃以下とすることでインキ用溶剤への十分な溶解性を保つことができる。また、本発明のポリエステル樹脂の重量平均分子量は、30,000〜400,000程度、好ましくは50,000〜200,000の範囲とされる。30,000より小さい場合は所望の粘度が得られにくくなり、400,000より大きい場合はインキ用溶剤へ樹脂を溶解させたときに不溶物が発生しやすくなる傾向にある。また、本発明のポリエステル樹脂の溶解性は芳香族成分をほとんど含まない石油系溶剤にも十分な溶解性を有し、たとえば新日本石油(株)5号ソルベントトレランスでは2g/g以上、好ましくは20g/g以上である(ソルベントトレランス(g/g)とは溶解性の指標であり、樹脂と5号ソルベントを1対2の重量比で加熱混合した樹脂溶液に、25℃においてさらに5号ソルベントを加えてゆき、溶液が白濁するまでに要した溶剤の総重量に対する樹脂重量から算出した値である)。また、5号ソルベントトレランスが20g/g以上の高溶解性樹脂を測定する場合には、新日本石油(株)0号ソルベントを用いる。また本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、33重量%アマニ油粘度がコーン・アンド・プレート型粘度計測定値で4〜15Pa・s(25℃)程度と高粘度である(33重量%アマニ油粘度とは、得られたポリエステル樹脂とアマニ油を1対2の重量比で加熱混合したものを25℃においてコーン・アンド・プレート型粘度計(日本レオロジー機器(株)製)により測定した際の粘度をいう)。このような本発明のポリエステル樹脂は印刷インキ用バインダーとして好適に使用される。
【0024】
本発明の印刷インキ用バインダーは本発明のポリエステル樹脂にたとえば植物油、ゲル化剤、必要に応じて溶剤などを配合し、これを適宜加熱溶解や化学反応させたゲルワニスとして得られる。なお、本発明のポリエステル樹脂を製造する際に予めエステル反応を阻害しないような植物油、ゲル化剤、さらに必要に応じて溶剤などを配合していてもよい。また、本発明の印刷インキ用バインダーには得られる印刷インキの性能を損なわない範囲において各種公知の石油樹脂、アルキド樹脂、ロジンエステル、脂肪酸エステルなどを適宜併用できる。
【0025】
前記植物油としては各種公知のものを特に制限なく使用できる。具体的にはアマニ油、桐油またはこれらの重合油、サフラワー油、脱水ヒマシ油、大豆油などがあげられるが、印刷物の乾燥性の点から不飽和結合を有する植物油が好ましく、近年の環境対策面から考えると大豆油が好ましい。
【0026】
前記ゲル化剤としては、オクチル酸アルミニウム、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、アルミニウムトリイソプロポキシド、アルミニウムジプロポキシドモノアセチルアセテートなど公知のものがあげられる。
【0027】
前記溶剤としては、沸点が200℃程度以上で芳香族炭化水素の含有率が1重量%程度以下である石油系溶剤であれば特に制限されず、各種公知のものを使用できる。具体的には新日本石油(株)製0号ソルベント、新日本石油(株)製AF4号ソルベント、新日本石油(株)製AF5号ソルベント、新日本石油(株)製AF6号ソルベント、新日本石油(株)製AF7号ソルベントなどの市販品があげられる。
【0028】
本発明の印刷インキは、前記した印刷インキ用バインダーに顔料(黄色、紅色、藍色または黒色など)、植物油および/または沸点が200℃程度以上で芳香族炭化水素の含有率が1%程度以下である石油系溶剤を主成分として、インキ流動性やインキ表面皮膜を改善するための界面活性剤、ワックス、ドライヤーなどの各種添加剤を必要に応じて配合して得られる混合物を、ロールミル、ボールミル、アトライター、サンドミルといった公知のインキ製造装置を用いて混練し、適切なインキ恒数に調節して得られる。なお、印刷インキを製造する際に使用する本発明によるバインダーの配合量は、印刷インキ用樹脂固形分濃度が10〜50重量%程度になるよう配合するのが好ましい。
【0029】
このようにして得られた本発明のインキは、特にオフセット枚葉インキ(枚葉インキ)、オフセット輪転インキ(オフ輪インキ)、水なしオフセットインキ等のオフセット印刷インキとして特に賞用されるほか、新聞インキ、凸版印刷インキ、グラビア印刷インキにも好適に使用される。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、アルキルフェノールホルムアルデヒド縮合物を使用しないため環境上好ましく、しかもロジン変性フェノール樹脂に匹敵する高軟化点、高粘度、高溶解性を有する印刷インキ用樹脂を提供できる。また、本発明のポリエステル樹脂をオフセット印刷インキ用バインダーなどとして使用した場合には、印刷インキの乳化特性、光沢、乾燥性、ミスチングなどの印刷適性が従来公知のロジン変性フェノール樹脂と対比して同等以上である為、今日の要求に合致する印刷インキを提供できる。さらに当該印刷インキ用樹脂を用いた印刷インキ用バインダー、植物油および/または沸点が200℃以上で芳香族炭化水素の含有率が1重量%以下である石油系溶剤、必要により添加剤からなる印刷インキを使用することにより、環境問題や作業環境など安全衛生面が改善できる。
【0031】
【実施例】
以下、製造例、実施例をあげて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明を限定するものではない。なお、以下「部」とは重量部を示す。
【0032】
製造例1(成分(a):不飽和酸変性ロジンの製造)
攪拌機、分水器付き還流冷却管および温度計を備えた反応容器に、ガムロジン1,000部を仕込み、これを窒素雰囲気下に攪拌しながら180℃まで昇温して溶融した。ついで、フマル酸267部を仕込み、攪拌下に230℃まで昇温して1時間保温した後、冷却して不飽和酸変性ロジンの固形樹脂を得た。樹脂酸価は342(JIS K5601に準ずる。以下、同様)であった。
【0033】
製造例2(70%レゾール型ノニルフェノールキシレン溶液の製造)
製造例1と同様の反応容器に、ノニルフェノール1,000部、パラホルムアルデヒド270部および水1,000部を仕込み、攪拌下に50℃まで昇温した。そして50℃において水酸化ナトリウム100部を仕込み、冷却しながら90℃まで徐々に昇温した後、2.5時間保温し、硫酸を滴下してpHを6付近に調整した。その後、キシレン150部を加え、ホルムアルデヒドなどを含んだ水層部部を除去し、冷却してレゾール型ノニルフェノールの70%キシレン溶液を得た。
【0034】
実施例1
製造例1と同様の反応容器に、成分(a)として重合ロジン(商品名「シルバタック140」、シルバケム社製、酸価140)675部および製造例1で得た不飽和酸変性ロジン86部、成分(c)としてイソフタル酸57部を仕込み、これを窒素雰囲気下に攪拌しながら180℃まで昇温して溶融させた。ついで、成分(d)としてペンタエリスリトール55部およびグリセリン55部、成分(b)として12ヒドロキシステアリン酸72部を添加して攪拌下に260℃まで昇温して反応させ、酸価が30以下となったらパラトルエンスルホン酸1部を仕込み、酸価が20以下となるまで反応を継続させた。その後、反応系を33重量%アマニ油粘度が8.0Pa・sとなるよう調整し、0.02MPaで10分間減圧、冷却して固形ポリエステル樹脂を得た。こうして得られたポリエステル樹脂の脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤(商品名「0号ソルベント」、新日本石油(株)製)溶液のトレランスは1.3g/g、酸価は18.2、軟化点は152℃、重量平均分子量は145,000であった。これらの物性を表1に示す。なお、当該重量平均分子量は、THFを溶媒として、東ソー(株)製ゲルパーミエ−ションクロマトグラフィー(商品名「HLC−8020」)および東ソー(株)製カラム(商品名「TSK−GEL」)を用いて測定したポリスチレン換算値をいう(以下、同様)。
【0035】
実施例2
製造例1と同様の反応容器に、成分(a)としてシルバタック140を564部および製造例1で得た成分(a)160部を仕込み、これを窒素雰囲気下に攪拌しながら190℃まで昇温して溶融させた。ついで、成分(d)としてペンタエリスリトール99部およびグリセリン21部、成分(c)として、無水フタル酸114部、成分(b)として1−ヒドロキシ−1−シクロプロパンカルボン酸63部を添加して攪拌下に260℃まで昇温して反応させ、酸価が30以下となったらパラトルエンスルホン酸1部を仕込み、酸価が20以下となるまで反応を継続させた。その後、反応系を33重量%アマニ粘度が8.0Pa・sとなるよう調整し、0.02MPaで10分間減圧、冷却して固形ポリエステル樹脂を得た。こうして得られたポリエステル樹脂のトレランス、酸価、軟化点および重量平均分子量を表1に示す。
【0036】
比較例1
製造例1と同様の反応容器に、成分(a)として重合ロジン(商品名「シルバタック140」、シルバケム社製、酸価140)675部および製造例1で得た不飽和酸変性ロジン86部、成分(c)としてイソフタル酸57部を仕込み、これを窒素雰囲気下に攪拌しながら180℃まで昇温して溶融させた。ついで、成分(d)としてペンタエリスリトール55部およびグリセリン55部を添加して攪拌下に260℃まで昇温して反応させ、酸価が30以下となったらパラトルエンスルホン酸1部を仕込み、酸価が20以下となるまで反応を継続させた。その後、反応系を33重量%アマニ油粘度が8.0Pa・sとなるよう調整し、0.02MPaで10分間減圧、冷却して固形ポリエステル樹脂を得た。該樹脂のトレランス、酸価、軟化点および重量平均分子量を表1に示す。
【0037】
比較例2
実施例1において成分(b)の代わりにステアリン酸を使用し、OH/COOH比が変わらない様にペンタエリスリトール量を調整した以外は同様の手順により固形ポリエステル樹脂を得た。ただし、反応系を33重量%アマニ油粘度が8.0Pa・sとなるようには調整出来なかった。該樹脂のトレランス、酸価、軟化点および重量平均分子量を表1に示す。
【0038】
比較例3
実施例1において成分(b)の代わりにステアリルアルコールを使用し、OH/COOH比が変わらない様にペンタエリスリトール量を調整した以外は同様の手順により固形ポリエステル樹脂を得た。ただし、反応系を33重量%アマニ油粘度が8.0Pa・sとなるようには調整出来なかった。該樹脂のトレランス、酸価、軟化点および重量平均分子量を表1に示す。
【0039】
比較例4
製造例1と同様の反応容器に、成分(a)としてガムロジン552部を仕込み、これを窒素雰囲気下に攪拌しながら230℃まで昇温して溶融させた。ついで、成分(d)としてペンタエリスリトール52部、および酸化亜鉛2部を添加し、攪拌下に260度まで昇温して反応させ、さらに酸価が20以下となるまで反応を継続させた。ついでこれを230℃まで冷却した後保温状態におき、製造例3で得たレゾール型ノニルフェノールの70%キシレン溶液394部(固形分276部)を230〜260℃の温度範囲内で4時間かけて系内へ滴下した。滴下終了後、反応系の33重量%アマニ油粘度が8.0Pa・sとなるよう調整し、0.02MPaで10分間減圧し、冷却して固形樹脂を得た。こうして得られたロジン変性フェノール樹脂のトレランス、酸価、軟化点および重量平均分子量を表1に示す。
【0040】
【表1】

Figure 0004812049
【0041】
(ゲルワニスの調製A)
実施例1で得たポリエステル樹脂45部、大豆油10部および脂環族炭化水素系溶剤(商品名「AFソルベント7号」、新日本石油(株)製)45部を180℃にて30分混合溶解しワニスを得た。このワニスを60℃まで冷却した後アルミキレート(商品名 ALCH、川研ファインケミカル(株)製)1部を加え、190℃まで昇温、1時間保温し、ゲルワニスを得た。実施例2および比較例1〜4得た樹脂についても同様の手順によりゲルワニスを調製した。
【0042】
(インキの調製A)
前記方法で得た各ゲルワニスを用い、表2に示した配合割合で三本ロールミルを使用して練肉し、印刷インキを調製した。
【0043】
【表2】
Figure 0004812049
上記配合に基づいてインキのタック値が6.5±0.5、フロー値が41.0±1.0となるよう適宜調整した。
【0044】
(インキの性能試験A)
タック値:インキ1.3mlをインコメーター(東洋精機(株)製)上に展開し、ロール温度30℃、400rpmで1分間回転させ、値を読み取った。結果を表3に示す。
フロー値:インキ約2mlをスプレッドメーター(熊谷理機工業(株)製)の試料穴に入れ、インキの上面を固定版の上面と同一面となるようへらでかきとり、荷重板を落下させた。同心円状に広がったインキの1分後の直径値を読み取った。結果を表3に示す。
光沢:インキ0.4mlをRIテスター(石川島産業機械(株))にてアート紙に展色した後、20℃、65%R.H.にて24時間調湿し、60°−60°の反射率を光沢計により測定した。光沢は数値が大きいほど良好である。結果を表3に示す。
乾燥性:インキ0.4mlをRIテスター(石川島産業機械(株)製)にてアート紙に展色した後、160℃の雰囲気中に2秒、4秒、6秒間それぞれ暴露し、指触によりべたつきのない状態を乾燥として判断した。乾燥性は数値が小さいほど良好であることを示す。結果を表3に示す。
ミスチング:インキ2.6mlをインコメーター(東洋精機(株)製)上に展開し、ロール温度30℃、400rpmで1分間、更に1800rpmで2分間回転させ、ロール直下に置いた白色紙上へのインキの飛散度を観察して評価を行った。ミスチングは数値が大きいほど良好であることを示す。結果を表5に示す。
乳化率:インキ3.9mlを動的乳化試験機(日本レオロジー機器(株)製)上に展開し、ロール温度30℃、200rpmにて純水を5ml/分の速度で供給し、このインキ中の水分量を、赤外水分計を用いて測定した。乳化率は数値が小さいほど良好であることを示す。結果を表3に示す。
【0045】
【表3】
Figure 0004812049
【0046】
(ゲルワニスの調製B)
実施例1で得た樹脂45部、大豆油55部を180℃にて30分混合溶解してワニスを得た。このワニスを60℃まで冷却した後、アルミキレート(商品名 ALCH、川研ファインケミカル(株)製)0.5部を加え、190℃まで昇温し、一時間保温してゲルワニスを得た。実施例2および比較例1〜4で得た樹脂についても同様の手順に従いゲルワニスを調製した。
【0047】
(インキの調製B)
前記方法で得た各ゲルワニスを用い、表4に示した配合割合で三本ロールミルを使用して練肉し、印刷インキを調製した。
【0048】
【表4】
Figure 0004812049
上記配合に基づいてインキのタック値が7.0±0.5、フロー値が34.0±1.0となるよう適宜調整した。
【0049】
(インキの性能試験B)
タック値:インキ1.3mlをインコメーター(東洋精機(株)製)上に展開し、ロール温度30℃、400rpmで1分間回転させ、値を読み取った。結果を表5に示す。
フロー値:インキの約2mlをスプレッドメーター(熊谷理機工業(株)製)の試料穴に入れ、インキの上面を固定版の上面と同一面になるよう、へらでかきとり、荷重板を落下させた。同心円状に広がったインキの1分後の直径値を読み取った。結果を表5に示す。
光沢:インキ0.27mlをRIテスター(石川島産業機械(株)製)にてアート紙に展色した後、20℃、65%R.H.にて24時間調湿し、60°−60°の反射率により測定した。光沢は数値が大きいほど良好である。結果を表5に示す。
乾燥性:インキ0.27mlをRIテスター(石川島産業機械(株)製)にて硫酸紙に展色した後、展色面に硫酸紙を重ねてC型乾燥試験機((株)東洋精機製作所製)にあて紙用硫酸紙が外側になるように回転ドラムに巻き付けた。おもりおよび押し圧歯車をあて紙用硫酸紙の上に静かに降ろし、ドラムを回転させ、押し圧歯車の歯形がほとんど移らなくなった時間を乾燥時間とする。乾燥性は数値が小さいほど良好であることを示す。結果を表5に示す。
ミスチング:インキ2.6mlをインコメーター(東洋精機(株)製)上に展開し、ロール温度30℃、400rpmで1分間、更に1200rpmで2分間回転させ、ロール直下に置いた白色紙上へのインキの飛散度を観察して評価を行った。ミスチングは数値が大きいほど良好であることを示す。結果を表5に示す。
乳化率:インキ3.9mlを動的乳化試験機(日本レオロジー機器(株)製)上に展開し、ロール温度30℃、200rpmにて純水を5ml/分の速度で供給し、このインキ中の水分量を赤外水分計を用いて測定した。乳化率は数値が小さいほど良好であることを示す。結果を表5に示す。
【0050】
【表5】
Figure 0004812049
【0051】
表3および表5の結果より、本発明のポリエステル樹脂(実施例1、2)を使用した印刷インキは、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂(比較例4)を使用した印刷インキと同等またはそれ以上の性能を有することが分かる。また、成分(b)であるヒドロキシ酸類を構成成分としないポリエステル樹脂(比較例1〜3)を使用した印刷インキと比較して光沢が優れていることが分かる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polyester resin, a production method thereof, a binder for printing ink, and a printing ink. More specifically, a polyester resin that does not contain a substance that has a large load on the environment and the human body, such as formaldehyde, a manufacturing method thereof, a printing ink binder mainly composed of the polyester resin, and the printing ink binder were used. It relates to printing ink. Examples of the printing ink include offset printing ink, newspaper ink, letterpress printing ink, gravure printing ink, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The rosin-modified phenolic resin mainly composed of rosins, condensates of alkylphenols and formaldehyde, polyols, etc. has a high softening point, high viscosity, high gelling ability, and excellent solubility in ink solvents. Conventionally, it has been awarded as a binder for printing ink, particularly as a binder for printing ink for offset.
[0003]
However, alkylphenol formaldehyde condensates, which are the main raw materials for rosin-modified phenolic resins, generate wastewater containing formaldehyde at the time of production. In recent years, environmental problems such as air pollution due to volatile organic compounds (VOC) and safety of the work environment have occurred. Hygiene issues have been pointed out. In addition, the rosin-modified phenolic resin has also been pointed out as a problem that formaldehyde is generated in the heat drying step of printing ink using the resin.
[0004]
Under such circumstances, development of a binder for offset printing ink that does not use formaldehyde as a raw material has been awaited. For example, petroleum resin is used instead of rosin-modified phenolic resin to alleviate the problems of rosin-modified phenolic resin. Attempts have been made to use it. However, generally known petroleum resins have a small number of functional groups in the molecule and a small three-dimensional structure, so that the printing ability is low, such as low gelling ability, large misting, and insufficient gloss. Since it was insufficient, the rosin-modified phenolic resin and the petroleum resin were used together, but the petroleum resin was not used alone as a binder for offset printing ink.
[0005]
In addition, as a countermeasure, a method of using a polyester resin instead of a rosin-modified phenolic resin has been considered, but a generally known polyester resin has a high softening point, but its molecular weight is low, so misting is poor, and a polar group is used. Since it is contained in a large amount, the suitability for printing and the emulsification suitability with a solvent are not at a practical level. Thus, since the required performance for the binder for offset printing inks is diverse, it has been difficult to satisfy these various performances with resins other than rosin-modified phenolic resins so far.
[0006]
So far, the present inventors have developed a resin that does not use an alkylphenol formaldehyde condensate as a raw material and has properties such as a high softening point, high viscosity, and high solubility comparable to a rosin-modified phenol resin (Patent Document 1). However, since the resin does not have a phenolic hydroxyl group that contributes to wettability with the pigment, the printability of a printed matter in which gloss is important cannot be sufficiently satisfied. As a means to solve this problem, if a technique such as increasing the amount of polar components such as polybasic acid and polyol is taken in order to increase the polarity of the resin, the emulsification rate of the ink is increased or the solubility in the ink solvent is increased. It was difficult to reduce or maintain a balance of various ink performances. There is also an attempt to increase the solubility in a solvent by adding a fatty acid or a higher alcohol, but there is a problem that the molecular weight is lowered and misting occurs during printing. In order to solve this problem, for example, resin binders for printing inks produced from (polymerized) rosin / polyol / monohydric alcohol such as maleation have been disclosed, although the solubility of the resin is improved. Since the molecular weight is as low as about 60,000, misting resistance of the obtained printing ink is not sufficient (Patent Document 2).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-139670 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-159868 A
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to reduce the influence on the environment and the human body by not using an alkylphenol formaldehyde condensate, to have various physical properties comparable to the conventionally known rosin-modified phenolic resin, and to provide a new product with excellent gloss. It is to provide a polyester resin, a production method thereof, a printing ink binder containing the polyester resin, and a printing ink containing the printing ink binder.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by the polyester resin of the present invention containing hydroxy acids as essential components, thereby completing the present invention. It was.
[0010]
That is, the present invention Contains rosin having two or more carboxyl groups Rosin (a) (hereinafter referred to as component (a)) is 39 to 90% by weight, hydroxy acid (b) (hereinafter referred to as component (b)) is 3 to 20% by weight, aromatic polybasic acids (c) The weight average molecular weight obtained by reacting 4 to 21% by weight (hereinafter referred to as component (c)) and 3 to 20% by weight of polyols (d) (hereinafter referred to as component (d)) is 30,000 to The present invention relates to a polyester resin of 400,000; a method for producing the polyester resin; a binder for printing ink containing the polyester resin; and a printing ink containing the binder for printing ink.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, components (a) to (d) constituting the polyester resin of the present invention will be described.
[0012]
Examples of the component (a) used in the production of the polyester resin of the present invention include natural rosins such as gum rosin, tall oil rosin and wood rosin; polymerized rosin derived from the natural rosin; disproportionate the natural rosin and polymerized rosin Or a stabilized rosin obtained by hydrogenation; and an unsaturated acid-modified rosin obtained by adding an unsaturated carboxylic acid to the natural rosin or polymerized rosin. The unsaturated acid-modified rosin is, for example, maleic acid-modified rosin, maleic anhydride-modified rosin, fumaric acid-modified rosin, itaconic acid-modified rosin, crotonic acid-modified rosin, cinnamic acid-modified rosin, acrylic acid-modified rosin, methacrylic acid rosin, Acid-modified rosins and the like, or acid-modified polymerized rosins corresponding to these, are used, and the unsaturated acid-modified rosin usually uses about 1 to 30 parts by weight of the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid with respect to 100 parts by weight of the raw material rosin. Modified.
[0013]
Component (a) Is Contains rosin species having two or more carboxyl groups in the molecule because the polyester resin of the present invention can have a high molecular weight It is necessary to let In particular, in addition to increasing the molecular weight, the solubility of the polyester resin in an ink solvent and the softening point can be increased, and therefore, those containing a polymerized rosin and / or an unsaturated acid-modified polymerized rosin can be particularly preferably used. In the latter case, the polymerized rosin and / or unsaturated acid-modified polymerized rosin is preferably used in the range of 10% by weight or more of the total amount of component (a).
[0014]
Charge amount of component (a) with respect to total charge amount of component (a) to component (d) Is 39-90% by weight To . The molecular weight of the polyester resin of the present invention can be set to a desired molecular weight by setting the amount of component (a) to be 39% by weight or more. Moreover, the solubility to the solvent of the said polyester resin can be improved by setting it as 90 weight% or less, and the emulsifiability of the printing ink using this resin can be improved.
[0015]
As the component (b) used in the production of the polyester resin of the present invention, hydroxy acids having a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group in the same molecule are used, and aliphatic hydroxy acids, alicyclic hydroxy acids and corresponding hydroxy acid molecules. Examples thereof include lactones that are products of internal dehydration condensation. Specifically, those having about 2 to 40 total carbon atoms are preferably used as the aliphatic hydroxy acids, and examples thereof include lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid, castor oil fatty acid, and 12-hydroxystearic acid. Further, as the alicyclic hydroxy acid, specifically, those having a total carbon number of about 4 to 40 are preferably used. For example, hydroxycyclopropanecarboxylic acid such as 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid is used. Can be mentioned. Examples of the lactones include γ-butyrolactone, γ-caprolactone, δ-dodecanolactone, ω-pentadecalactone, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0016]
Charge amount of component (b) with respect to total charge amount of component (a) to component (d) Is About 3-20% by weight To . The gloss of the printing surface of a printing ink can be improved by making the preparation amount of a component (b) into 3 weight% or more. Moreover, the drying property of the ink using the resin obtained by setting it as 20 weight% or less, misting, and an emulsification rate can be adjusted easily.
[0017]
Examples of the aromatic polybasic acids as component (c) include phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, and corresponding monomethyl esters, monoethyl esters, dimethyl esters, and diethyl esters. An ester of an aromatic polybasic acid such as
[0018]
(C) Component charge Is (A) to (d) about 4 to 21% by weight with respect to the total charged amount The When the amount of the component (c) used is less than 4% by weight, the desired molecular weight cannot be obtained, and when it is more than 21% by weight, a gel-like product is generated, which is not preferable. Moreover, the said aromatic polybasic acid can also be used individually by 1 type, However, 2 or more types of different things can also be used together.
[0019]
Examples of the component (d) used for producing the polyester resin of the present invention include dipentaerythritol, pentaerythritol, diglycerin, glycerin, ditrimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, ditrimethylolethane, trimethylolethane, ethylene glycol, Conventional polyols such as aliphatic dialcohols such as diethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol can be exemplified as polyol components of rosin-modified phenolic resins.
[0020]
Among the components (d), since the softening point and molecular weight of the polyester resin of the present invention and the misting and emulsification rate of the printing ink of the present invention are easily controlled, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane and the like Trivalent alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain, tetravalent having 4 or less carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain of the molecule, such as pentaerythritol, diglycerin, ditrimethylolpropane, ditrimethylolethane, etc. Preference is given to using alcohol.
[0021]
The amount of the component (d) used is not particularly limited, but when designing the polyester resin of the present invention, the resin is made to have a desired molecular weight, and the emulsification characteristics of the printing ink of the present invention are appropriate. It is preferable to use the ratio of the total number of hydroxyl group equivalents to the total number of carboxyl group equivalents in each component of component (d) so that the equivalent ratio OH / COOH is usually about 0.5 to 1.2. The amount of component (d) charged relative to the total amount of components (a) to (d) Is About 3-20% by weight To . When the component (d) is less than 3% by weight, the polyester resin of the present invention tends to be difficult to have a desired molecular weight, and when it is more than 20% by weight, the emulsification characteristics of the ink of the present invention tend not to be appropriate. It is in.
[0022]
Next, the manufacturing method of the polyester resin of this invention is demonstrated. The polyester resin of the present invention can be obtained by various known polyester resin production methods using the components (a) to (d) as raw materials. In the reaction, reaction conditions such as catalyst and reaction temperature are not particularly limited. For example, the components (a) to (d) are charged into the reactor in predetermined amounts, and if necessary, in the presence of various known acidic or basic catalysts, at a temperature range of about 100 to 300 ° C. for about 1 to 20 hours. What is necessary is just to make it react. Examples of the catalyst include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, paratoluenesulfonic acid, and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, metal oxides such as zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, water Examples thereof include metal hydroxides such as calcium oxide, and acetates such as calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, and zinc acetate. Further, for the purpose of adjusting the polyester resin of the present invention to a desired molecular weight and softening point, an arbitrary amount of a crosslinking agent such as epoxidized soybean oil or epoxidized linseed oil before and / or during the esterification reaction. Can be added. Further, from the viewpoint of imparting water resistance to the printing surface of the printing ink, a polyorganosiloxane having a hydroxyalkyl or hydrogen atom as a substituent of a silicon atom can be added. Furthermore, for the purpose of adjusting the polyester resin of the present invention to a desired solubility, fatty acids, aliphatic polybasic acids, aliphatic monoalcohols, aliphatic dialcohols, aliphatic monoamines, aliphatic monoepoxies, and A small amount of a resin obtained by partially reacting a polymer comprising a carboxylic acid and a hydrophobic polymerizable unsaturated compound with a hydrophobic compound having reactivity with the carboxylic acid in the polymer, and a polar group-containing petroleum resin It can also be blended.
[0023]
The polyester resin of the present invention obtained by the above method has a high softening point. The softening point is usually about 120 to 200 ° C., preferably about 140 to 200 ° C. (value based on JIS K5601). By making the softening point 120 ° C. or higher, the drying and setting properties of the printing ink of the present invention can be improved, and by maintaining it at 200 ° C. or lower, sufficient solubility in the ink solvent is maintained. Can do. The weight average molecular weight of the polyester resin of the present invention is about 30,000 to 400,000, preferably 50,000 to 200,000. When the viscosity is less than 30,000, it is difficult to obtain a desired viscosity. When the viscosity is more than 400,000, insoluble matter tends to be easily generated when the resin is dissolved in the ink solvent. Further, the solubility of the polyester resin of the present invention is sufficiently soluble in a petroleum solvent containing almost no aromatic component. For example, Shin Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. No. 5 Solvent Tolerance has a solubility of 2 g / g or more, preferably It is 20 g / g or more (solvent tolerance (g / g) is an indicator of solubility. A resin solution obtained by heating and mixing a resin and a No. 5 solvent at a weight ratio of 1: 2 is further added to a No. 5 solvent at 25 ° C. This is a value calculated from the resin weight relative to the total weight of the solvent required until the solution became cloudy. Moreover, when measuring highly soluble resin whose No. 5 solvent tolerance is 20 g / g or more, Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. No. 0 solvent is used. The polyester resin of the present invention has a 33 wt% linseed oil viscosity of about 4 to 15 Pa · s (25 ° C.) as measured by a cone and plate viscometer (33 wt% linseed oil viscosity is The resulting polyester resin and linseed oil heated and mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 2 are measured at 25 ° C. with a cone and plate viscometer (manufactured by Nippon Rheology Equipment Co., Ltd.). . Such a polyester resin of the present invention is suitably used as a binder for printing ink.
[0024]
The binder for printing ink of the present invention is obtained as a gel varnish obtained by blending, for example, a vegetable oil, a gelling agent and, if necessary, a solvent, etc. into the polyester resin of the present invention and appropriately heating and dissolving or chemically reacting this. In addition, when manufacturing the polyester resin of this invention, the vegetable oil which does not inhibit ester reaction, a gelatinizer, and the solvent etc. may be mix | blended further as needed. In addition, various known petroleum resins, alkyd resins, rosin esters, fatty acid esters, and the like can be appropriately used in combination with the binder for printing inks of the present invention as long as the performance of the obtained printing ink is not impaired.
[0025]
Various known oils can be used without particular limitation as the vegetable oil. Specific examples include linseed oil, tung oil or polymerized oils thereof, safflower oil, dehydrated castor oil, soybean oil, etc., but vegetable oils having unsaturated bonds are preferred from the viewpoint of drying of printed matter, and environmental measures in recent years From the aspect, soybean oil is preferable.
[0026]
Examples of the gelling agent include known ones such as aluminum octylate, aluminum stearate, aluminum triisopropoxide, aluminum dipropoxide monoacetyl acetate.
[0027]
The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is a petroleum solvent having a boiling point of about 200 ° C. or more and an aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1% by weight or less, and various known solvents can be used. Specifically, Nippon Oil Corp. No. 0 Solvent, Nippon Oil Corp. AF4 Solvent, Nippon Oil Corp. AF5 Solvent, Nippon Oil Corp. AF6 Solvent, New Japan Examples include commercially available products such as AF7 Solvent manufactured by Petroleum Corporation.
[0028]
The printing ink of the present invention has a pigment (yellow, red, indigo or black), vegetable oil and / or a boiling point of about 200 ° C. or more and an aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1% or less in the printing ink binder described above. A mixture obtained by blending various additives such as surfactants, waxes, dryers, etc. to improve ink fluidity and ink surface coating as the main component is a petroleum-based solvent, roll mill, ball mill , Kneading using a known ink manufacturing apparatus such as an attritor or a sand mill, and adjusting to an appropriate ink constant. In addition, it is preferable to mix | blend the compounding quantity of the binder by this invention used when manufacturing printing ink so that the resin solid content density | concentration for printing ink may be about 10 to 50 weight%.
[0029]
The ink of the present invention obtained in this way is particularly used as an offset printing ink such as offset sheet-fed ink (sheet-fed ink), offset rotary ink (off-wheel ink), waterless offset ink, It is also preferably used for newspaper ink, letterpress printing ink, and gravure printing ink.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since an alkylphenol formaldehyde condensate is not used, a printing ink resin having a high softening point, high viscosity, and high solubility comparable to that of a rosin-modified phenolic resin can be provided. In addition, when the polyester resin of the present invention is used as a binder for offset printing inks, the printing ink has the same emulsifying properties, gloss, drying properties, misting properties, and the like as compared with the conventionally known rosin-modified phenolic resins. As described above, it is possible to provide printing ink that meets today's requirements. Further, a printing ink comprising a printing ink binder using the printing ink resin, a vegetable oil and / or a petroleum solvent having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or more and an aromatic hydrocarbon content of 1% by weight or less, and optionally additives. By using, safety and health aspects such as environmental problems and work environment can be improved.
[0031]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to production examples and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Hereinafter, “parts” means parts by weight.
[0032]
Production Example 1 (Component (a): Production of unsaturated acid-modified rosin)
A reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser with a water separator and a thermometer was charged with 1,000 parts of gum rosin and heated to 180 ° C. with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere to melt. Next, 267 parts of fumaric acid was charged, and the temperature was raised to 230 ° C. with stirring and kept for 1 hour, followed by cooling to obtain a solid resin of unsaturated acid-modified rosin. The resin acid value was 342 (according to JIS K5601. The same applies hereinafter).
[0033]
Production Example 2 (Production of 70% resol-type nonylphenol xylene solution)
In a reaction vessel similar to Production Example 1, 1,000 parts of nonylphenol, 270 parts of paraformaldehyde and 1,000 parts of water were charged, and the temperature was raised to 50 ° C. with stirring. Then, 100 parts of sodium hydroxide was added at 50 ° C., and the temperature was gradually raised to 90 ° C. while cooling, and then kept warm for 2.5 hours, and sulfuric acid was added dropwise to adjust the pH to around 6. Thereafter, 150 parts of xylene was added, the aqueous layer part containing formaldehyde and the like was removed, and the mixture was cooled to obtain a 70% xylene solution of resol-type nonylphenol.
[0034]
Example 1
In a reaction vessel similar to Production Example 1, 675 parts of polymerized rosin (trade name “Sylvatac 140”, manufactured by Silvachem, acid value 140) as component (a) and 86 parts of unsaturated acid-modified rosin obtained in Production Example 1 As a component (c), 57 parts of isophthalic acid was charged, and the mixture was heated to 180 ° C. with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere and melted. Next, 55 parts of pentaerythritol and 55 parts of glycerin as component (d) and 72 parts of 12 hydroxystearic acid as component (b) were added and heated to 260 ° C. with stirring, and the acid value was 30 or less. At that time, 1 part of paratoluenesulfonic acid was charged and the reaction was continued until the acid value became 20 or less. Thereafter, the reaction system was adjusted so that the 33% by weight linseed oil viscosity was 8.0 Pa · s, and the pressure was reduced at 0.02 MPa for 10 minutes to cool the solid polyester resin. The tolerance of the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent (trade name “No. 0 Solvent”, manufactured by Shin Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.) of the polyester resin thus obtained is 1.3 g / g, the acid value is 18.2, and the softening point is The weight average molecular weight was 152.degree. C. and 145,000. These physical properties are shown in Table 1. The weight average molecular weight is determined by using gel permeation chromatography (trade name “HLC-8020”) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation and a column (trade name “TSK-GEL”) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation using THF as a solvent. (Hereinafter the same).
[0035]
Example 2
In a reaction vessel similar to Production Example 1, 564 parts of Silvatac 140 as the component (a) and 160 parts of the component (a) obtained in Production Example 1 were charged, and the temperature was raised to 190 ° C. with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere. Warm and melt. Next, 99 parts of pentaerythritol and 21 parts of glycerin are added as the component (d), 114 parts of phthalic anhydride as the component (c), and 63 parts of 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid as the component (b). The temperature was raised to 260 ° C. and reacted. When the acid value became 30 or less, 1 part of paratoluenesulfonic acid was added, and the reaction was continued until the acid value became 20 or less. Thereafter, the reaction system was adjusted so that the 33% by weight linseed viscosity was 8.0 Pa · s, and reduced in pressure at 0.02 MPa for 10 minutes to obtain a solid polyester resin. Table 1 shows the tolerance, acid value, softening point, and weight average molecular weight of the polyester resin thus obtained.
[0036]
Comparative Example 1
In a reaction vessel similar to Production Example 1, 675 parts of polymerized rosin (trade name “Sylvatac 140”, manufactured by Silvachem, acid value 140) as component (a) and 86 parts of unsaturated acid-modified rosin obtained in Production Example 1 As a component (c), 57 parts of isophthalic acid was charged, and the mixture was heated to 180 ° C. with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere and melted. Next, 55 parts of pentaerythritol and 55 parts of glycerin were added as component (d) and the mixture was heated to 260 ° C. with stirring and reacted. When the acid value became 30 or less, 1 part of paratoluenesulfonic acid was added, The reaction was continued until the value was 20 or less. Thereafter, the reaction system was adjusted so that the 33% by weight linseed oil viscosity was 8.0 Pa · s, and the pressure was reduced at 0.02 MPa for 10 minutes to cool the solid polyester resin. Table 1 shows the tolerance, acid value, softening point, and weight average molecular weight of the resin.
[0037]
Comparative Example 2
A solid polyester resin was obtained by the same procedure except that stearic acid was used instead of component (b) in Example 1 and the amount of pentaerythritol was adjusted so that the OH / COOH ratio did not change. However, the reaction system could not be adjusted so that the 33 wt% linseed oil viscosity would be 8.0 Pa · s. Table 1 shows the tolerance, acid value, softening point, and weight average molecular weight of the resin.
[0038]
Comparative Example 3
A solid polyester resin was obtained by the same procedure except that stearyl alcohol was used instead of component (b) in Example 1 and the amount of pentaerythritol was adjusted so that the OH / COOH ratio did not change. However, the reaction system could not be adjusted so that the 33 wt% linseed oil viscosity would be 8.0 Pa · s. Table 1 shows the tolerance, acid value, softening point, and weight average molecular weight of the resin.
[0039]
Comparative Example 4
In a reaction vessel similar to Production Example 1, 552 parts of gum rosin was charged as component (a), and this was heated to 230 ° C. and stirred while stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently, 52 parts of pentaerythritol and 2 parts of zinc oxide were added as component (d), the temperature was raised to 260 ° C. with stirring, and the reaction was continued until the acid value became 20 or less. Next, this was cooled to 230 ° C. and kept in a heat retaining state, and 394 parts of a 70% xylene solution of resole-type nonylphenol obtained in Production Example 3 (276 parts of a solid content) was placed in a temperature range of 230 to 260 ° C. over 4 hours. It was dripped into the system. After completion of the dropping, the reaction system was adjusted so that the 33% by weight linseed oil viscosity was 8.0 Pa · s, reduced in pressure at 0.02 MPa for 10 minutes, and cooled to obtain a solid resin. Table 1 shows the tolerance, acid value, softening point, and weight average molecular weight of the rosin-modified phenol resin thus obtained.
[0040]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004812049
[0041]
(Gel varnish preparation A)
45 parts of the polyester resin obtained in Example 1, 10 parts of soybean oil and 45 parts of an alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent (trade name “AF Solvent No. 7”, manufactured by Shin Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.) at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes The mixture was dissolved and a varnish was obtained. After cooling this varnish to 60 ° C., 1 part of aluminum chelate (trade name: ALCH, manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added, and the temperature was raised to 190 ° C. and kept for 1 hour to obtain a gel varnish. A gel varnish was prepared by the same procedure for the resins obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
[0042]
(Ink Preparation A)
Using each gel varnish obtained by the above method, the mixture was kneaded using a three-roll mill at a blending ratio shown in Table 2 to prepare a printing ink.
[0043]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004812049
Based on the above formulation, the tack value of the ink was appropriately adjusted to 6.5 ± 0.5 and the flow value was adjusted to 41.0 ± 1.0.
[0044]
(Ink performance test A)
Tack value: 1.3 ml of ink was developed on an incometer (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.) and rotated at a roll temperature of 30 ° C. and 400 rpm for 1 minute to read the value. The results are shown in Table 3.
Flow value: About 2 ml of ink was put into a sample hole of a spread meter (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo Co., Ltd.), the upper surface of the ink was scraped with a spatula so that it was flush with the upper surface of the fixed plate, and the load plate was dropped. The diameter value after 1 minute of the ink spreading concentrically was read. The results are shown in Table 3.
Gloss: After 0.4 ml of ink was developed on art paper with an RI tester (Ishikawajima Industrial Machinery Co., Ltd.), 20 ° C., 65% R.D. H. For 24 hours, and the reflectance of 60 ° -60 ° was measured with a gloss meter. The glossiness is better as the value is larger. The results are shown in Table 3.
Drying: 0.4 ml of ink was developed on art paper with an RI tester (Ishikawajima Industrial Machinery Co., Ltd.), then exposed to 160 ° C atmosphere for 2 seconds, 4 seconds, and 6 seconds. A state without stickiness was judged as dry. The smaller the numerical value, the better the drying property. The results are shown in Table 3.
Misting: 2.6 ml of ink is developed on an incometer (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.), rotated at a roll temperature of 30 ° C. for 1 minute at 400 rpm, and further rotated at 1800 rpm for 2 minutes, and ink on white paper placed directly under the roll The degree of scattering was observed and evaluated. Misting shows that it is so good that a numerical value is large. The results are shown in Table 5.
Emulsification rate: 3.9 ml of ink was developed on a dynamic emulsification tester (manufactured by Nippon Rheology Equipment Co., Ltd.), and pure water was supplied at a roll temperature of 30 ° C. and 200 rpm at a rate of 5 ml / min. The moisture content of was measured using an infrared moisture meter. The smaller the value, the better the emulsification rate. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0045]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004812049
[0046]
(Preparation of gel varnish B)
45 parts of the resin obtained in Example 1 and 55 parts of soybean oil were mixed and dissolved at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a varnish. After cooling this varnish to 60 ° C., 0.5 part of aluminum chelate (trade name: ALCH, manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added, the temperature was raised to 190 ° C., and the mixture was kept warm for 1 hour to obtain a gel varnish. A gel varnish was prepared in the same manner for the resins obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
[0047]
(Ink Preparation B)
Using each gel varnish obtained by the above method, the mixture was kneaded using a three-roll mill at the blending ratio shown in Table 4 to prepare a printing ink.
[0048]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004812049
Based on the above formulation, the tack value of the ink was adjusted appropriately to 7.0 ± 0.5 and the flow value was adjusted to 34.0 ± 1.0.
[0049]
(Ink performance test B)
Tack value: 1.3 ml of ink was developed on an incometer (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.) and rotated at a roll temperature of 30 ° C. and 400 rpm for 1 minute to read the value. The results are shown in Table 5.
Flow value: About 2 ml of ink is put into a sample hole of a spread meter (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo Co., Ltd.), scraped with a spatula so that the upper surface of the ink is flush with the upper surface of the fixed plate, and the load plate is dropped. It was. The diameter value after 1 minute of the ink spreading concentrically was read. The results are shown in Table 5.
Gloss: 0.27 ml of ink was developed on art paper with an RI tester (manufactured by Ishikawajima Industrial Machinery Co., Ltd.), then 20 ° C., 65% H. The humidity was adjusted for 24 hours at 60 ° C. and the reflectance was measured at 60 ° -60 °. The glossiness is better as the value is larger. The results are shown in Table 5.
Drying: 0.27 ml of ink was developed on sulfuric acid paper using an RI tester (Ishikawajima Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and then the sulfuric acid paper was superimposed on the surface to be developed. C type drying tester (Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) The paper was wound around a rotating drum so that the sulfuric acid paper for paper was on the outside. The weight and the pressing gear are gently lowered onto the sulfuric acid paper for paper, the drum is rotated, and the time when the tooth profile of the pressing gear hardly shifts is defined as the drying time. The smaller the numerical value, the better the drying property. The results are shown in Table 5.
Misting: 2.6 ml of ink is spread on an incometer (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.), rotated at a roll temperature of 30 ° C. for 1 minute at 400 rpm, and further rotated at 1200 rpm for 2 minutes. The degree of scattering was observed and evaluated. Misting shows that it is so good that a numerical value is large. The results are shown in Table 5.
Emulsification rate: 3.9 ml of ink was developed on a dynamic emulsification tester (manufactured by Nippon Rheology Equipment Co., Ltd.), and pure water was supplied at a roll temperature of 30 ° C. and 200 rpm at a rate of 5 ml / min. The moisture content of was measured using an infrared moisture meter. The smaller the value, the better the emulsification rate. The results are shown in Table 5.
[0050]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004812049
[0051]
From the results of Tables 3 and 5, the printing ink using the polyester resin of the present invention (Examples 1 and 2) has the same or better performance as the printing ink using the rosin-modified phenolic resin (Comparative Example 4). It turns out that it has. Moreover, it turns out that gloss is excellent compared with the printing ink which uses the polyester resin (Comparative Examples 1-3) which does not use the hydroxy acid which is a component (b) as a structural component.

Claims (8)

カルボキシル基を2個以上有するロジンを含有するロジン類(a)を39〜90重量%、ヒドロキシ酸類(b)を3〜20重量%、芳香族多塩基酸類(c)を4〜21重量%およびポリオール類(d)を3〜20重量%反応させて得られる、重量平均分子量が30,000〜400,000であることを特徴とするポリエステル樹脂。  39 to 90% by weight of rosins (a) containing rosin having two or more carboxyl groups, 3 to 20% by weight of hydroxy acids (b), 4 to 21% by weight of aromatic polybasic acids (c) and A polyester resin having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 to 400,000 obtained by reacting 3 to 20% by weight of polyols (d). ヒドロキシ酸類(b)が脂肪族ヒドロキシ酸類および脂環族ヒドロキシ酸類からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載のポリエステル樹脂。  The polyester resin according to claim 1, wherein the hydroxy acid (b) is at least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydroxy acids and alicyclic hydroxy acids. 蒸留範囲が276〜313℃、アニリン点69℃であるインキ用石油系溶剤に対する溶解性(トレランス)が2g/g以上である請求項1または2に記載のポリエステル樹脂。  The polyester resin according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solubility (tolerance) in a petroleum solvent for ink having a distillation range of 276 to 313 ° C and an aniline point of 69 ° C is 2 g / g or more. 軟化点が120℃〜200℃である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂。  The polyester resin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has a softening point of 120 ° C to 200 ° C. カルボキシル基を2個以上有するロジンを含有するロジン類(a)を39〜90重量%、ヒドロキシ酸類(b)を3〜20重量%、芳香族多塩基酸類(c)を4〜21重量%およびポリオール類(d)を3〜20重量%反応させることを特徴とする重量平均分子量が30,000〜400,000であるポリエステル樹脂の製造法。 39-90 wt% rosins: (a) containing a rosin having a carboxyl group at least two, hydroxy acids and (b) 3 to 20 wt%, 4 to 21 wt% of an aromatic polybasic acid (c) and A process for producing a polyester resin having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 to 400,000, wherein 3 to 20% by weight of a polyol (d) is reacted. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂を含有することを特徴とする印刷インキ用バインダー。  A printing ink binder comprising the polyester resin according to claim 1. 請求項6記載の印刷インキ用バインダーを含有することを特徴とする印刷インキ。  A printing ink comprising the binder for printing ink according to claim 6. 請求項6記載の印刷インキ用バインダー、顔料、植物油および/または沸点が200℃以上で芳香族炭化水素の含有率が1%以下である石油系溶剤を含有してなる印刷インキ。  A printing ink comprising the printing ink binder according to claim 6, a pigment, a vegetable oil, and / or a petroleum solvent having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or more and an aromatic hydrocarbon content of 1% or less.
JP2002322821A 2002-11-06 2002-11-06 Polyester resin, its production method, binder for printing ink and printing ink Expired - Fee Related JP4812049B2 (en)

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