JP4804675B2 - Surgical microscope - Google Patents

Description

第２の実施形態によれば、術者がよりはっきりと確認したい画像を選択しておくことで、重畳画像の表示位置を変更しても常に選択した画像が顕微鏡観察視野の中心方向に表示されているので、選択画像の観察の視認性が向上する。
【００９１】
文字情報に縮小限度を設けたことで必要以上に文字を小さくして、読み取れなくなることを防止することができる。
【００９２】
また、予め入力される画像の種類が決まっている場合には、入力された画像に応じて自動的に画像の優先順位をきめる構成にしても全く同じ効果が得られることは、周知である。
【００９３】
図２０〜図２２は第３の実施形態を示し、第１及び第２の実施形態と同一構成部分は同一番号を付して説明を省略する。
【００９４】
位置倍率演算部Ａ２３６には、ワークステーション２５２と神経モニター１００が接続されている。位置倍率演算部Ｂ２３７には、ワークステーション２５２とエネルギー処置具コントローラ２５４が接続されている。
【００９５】
ワークステーション２５２には、デジタイザ１３４が接続されている。エネルギー処置具ジェネレータ２５４には、デジタイザ１３４によって位置検出される指標２５３を有したエネルギー処置具２５０が接続されている。
【００９６】
第３の実施形態の作用について説明する。
【００９７】
第１の実施形態と同様に、術者所望の観察位置に鏡体部１０４を移動させる。
第１の実施形態と同様に、操作部５１にある重畳画像の表示スイッチを押して重畳画像表示を行う。
【００９８】
エネルギー処置具ジェネレータ２５４が電源オフの際には、キャラクター画像データが通信出力されないため、神経モニター１００による画像２４２のみが顕微鏡視野内に表示される。
【００９９】
エネルギー処置具ジェネレータ２５４の電源をオンにすると、第２の実施形態と同様に視野内の所定の位置にエネルギー処置具２５０の出力設定情報がキャラクタ表示される。
【０１００】
エネルギー処置具２５０を術部に挿入し、処置を始める。エネルギー処置具２５０に付けられた指標２５３と鏡体部１０４に付けられたセンサアーム１０６をデジタイザ１３４が検出し、検出された位置情報をワークステーション２５２により演算することで顕微鏡観察視野にエネルギー処置具２５０が挿入されたことを検出する。ワークステーション２５２では、鏡体制御部１１１からの倍率・焦点情報と、デジタイザ１３４で検出されるセンサーアーム１０６とエネルギー処置具２５０の指標２５３の位置情報が入力され、顕微鏡視野におけるエネルギー処置具２５０の位置を算出する。算出された位置情報は、位置倍率演算部Ａ２３６に伝達される。
【０１０１】
位置倍率演算部Ａ２３６でエネルギー処置具２５０の先端位置と神経モニター１００の表示位置が重なることを検出すると、位置倍率演算部Ａ２３６は、手術用顕微鏡視野内におけるエネルギー処置具２５０の位置情報に基づいて、重畳用の画像の表示位置を変更し、神経モニター１００のモニター波形画像表示位置をエネルギー処置具２５０とを重ならない位置に移動させる。
【０１０２】
また、位置倍率演算部Ｂ２３７は、エネルギー処置具ジェネレータ２５４からエネルギー処置具２５０の設定条件を示すキャラクター映像情報を受信し、図２２に示すように、顕微鏡観察視野内でエネルギー処置具２５０上の神経モニター１００によるモニター波形画像２４２と重ならない位置にエネルギー処置具２５０の出力設定条件を表示する。
【０１０３】
第３の実施形態によれば、エネルギー処置具と重畳手段の組み合わせにおいて、エネルギー処置具等の手術機器の先端部を遮らない位置に自動的に重畳画像が移動するので、いちいち画像表示位置を手動で設定する手間が無く、手術の効率化が図れる。
【０１０４】
また、エネルギー処置具の出力設定条件を表示させる場合は、他の画像と重ならず、かつエネルギー処置具のハンドピース上（先端は遮らない位置）に設定状態が表示されるため、特に複数の処置具を同時に使用する場合等、容易に出力設定の確認が実施できる。
【０１０５】
図２３〜図２５は第４の実施形態を示し、第１の実施形態と同一構成部分は同一番号を付して説明を省略する。従来技術にあるように、顕微鏡部に表示する画像表示手段が増えると、画像表示手段に表示する画像の映像信号を伝達するための伝送ケーブルの本数が増える。この伝送ケーブルは手術用顕微鏡の架台部とアーム部に内包されて顕微鏡部にある画像表示手段に接続される。伝送ケーブルの本数が増えることにより、アーム部の操作性が低下し、術者の負担となる。
【０１０６】
また、映像をアナログ信号で伝達すると映像信号の劣化を招き表示画像の質が低下する。特に映像信号の解像度が向上した場合、映像信号の周波数が高くなるためにアナログ信号による画像伝送では画質の劣化が激しくなるという問題がある。本実施形態は、前記事情についてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、顕微鏡の操作性を低下させずに、画像表示手段への映像信号の伝達を安定化させることにある。
【０１０７】
図２３は、図７に伝送中継部２６１が加わったものである。図２４は表示駆動手段６５から画像表示手段としてのＬＣＤ２４ａに映像信号を伝達するための構成を示したものである。
【０１０８】
視野内表示用コントローラ５００に内蔵された表示駆動回路６５は、伝送中継部２６１が接続されている。伝送中継部２６１は映像信号受信部２６０と接続されている。伝送中継部２６１は、手術用顕微鏡１０１の架台部１０２の背面に設けられている。映像信号受信部２６５は鏡体部１０４に設けられている。映像信号受信部２６５は、ＬＣＤモニター２４ａと接続されている。
【０１０９】
図２５は伝送中継部２６１の構成を示したものである。映像信号受信部２６２は、映像信号検出部２６３に映像信号配線で接続されている。映像信号検出部２６３は、映像信号送信部２６４と映像信号配線及びイネーブル信号配線によって接続されている。
【０１１０】
図２４、図２５の構成は、他の表示駆動回路６６〜６９の後段においても同様である。
【０１１１】
次に、第４の実施形態の作用について説明する。
【０１１２】
第１の実施形態と同様に、術者は鏡体部１０４を所望の観察状態に設定する。術者は、神経モニター１００の画像を顕微鏡視野内に重畳したい場合には、第１の実施形態のように、重畳処理手段４０の重畳動作を開始させる。神経モニター１００の画像は、表示駆動回路６９に伝達され、デジタルのパラレル信号からデジタルのシリアル信号に変換され、伝送中継部２６１に設けられた映像信号受信部２６２に伝達される。映像信号受信部２６２は、シリアル信号からパラレル信号に映像信号を変換し、映像信号検出部２６３に映像信号を伝達する。
【０１１３】
映像信号検出部２６３は、映像信号送信部２６４に映像信号を伝達する。映像信号検出部２６３は、受信した映像信号が規定の条件を満たすと（正常な映像信号として認識されると）映像信号送信部２６４に映像信号の送信許可信号（イネーブル信号）を送信する。映像信号送信部２６４は、送信許可信号を受信すると、映像信号をシリアル信号に変換して出力を開始する。
【０１１４】
これによって、伝送中継部２６１より正常なシリアル信号を映像信号受信部２６５に対して出力する。映像信号受信部２６５は、シリアル信号をパラレル信号に変換し、表示駆動回路６９に伝達して神経モニター１００による重畳画像を顕微鏡視野内に表示する。
【０１１５】
視野内表示手段に内視鏡画像、第２の光学系に術前画像を表示する場合には、表示駆動回路６５から６９より映像信号を送信し、ＬＣＤモニター２４ａ、２４ｂ、３１ａ、３１ｂに前述と同様の伝達方式によって伝達され、図１４のように同時にそれぞれの画像が表示される。
【０１１６】
第４の実施形態によれば、シリアル伝送を行った上に、シリアル信号の送信手段のイネーブルを映像信号の解析によって実施したため、映像を伝送するケーブル及びイネーブル信号の省略が可能となり、顕微鏡部の鏡体部の移動のための回動操作が楽に行える。
【０１１７】
伝送中継部を架台部に設けたので、架台部と表示駆動回路６５〜６９との分離が可能となり、収納時に長いケーブルの処理に困ることが無い。
【０１１８】
また、伝送中継部は架台部だけでなくその他の部分に配置することも可能である。例えばアーム部先端に設けることで、鏡体とアーム部の分離が可能となり、セットアップを容易に実施することができるようになる。
【０１１９】
前記各実施形態によれば、次のような構成が得られる。
【０１２０】
（付記１）術部を拡大観察する観察光学系を持つ顕微鏡部と、前記顕微鏡部による顕微鏡観察画像とは別の複数の画像を顕微鏡観察視野に表示する視野内画像表示手段とを有する手術用顕微鏡において、前記顕微鏡部の観察状態を検出する検出手段と、その検出手段の結果に基づき顕微鏡観察視野内に表示する複数の画像の表示位置を制御する視野内画像制御手段とを具備したことを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２１】
（付記２）付記１において、前記視野内画像表示手段は、前記顕微鏡観察視野内に電子画像を表示させる視野内表示手段と、前記顕微鏡観察視野内に重畳表示を行う画像重畳手段の少なくとも１つを有することを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２２】
（付記３）付記１において、前記検出手段は、顕微鏡観察視野内に表示されている視野内画像表示手段の複数画像のうちの少なくとも一つの表示位置を検出する視野内画像位置検出手段であることを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２３】
（付記４）付記３において、前記視野内画像制御手段は、前記視野内画像位置検出手段の少なくとも一つの画像位置検出結果に応じて、他の画像位置を制御する制御手段であることを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２４】
（付記５）付記１において、前記視野内画像制御手段は、前記顕微鏡視野内に表示されている複数画像の優先順位を設定する優先順位設定手段を有すること特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２５】
（付記６）付記１において、前記視野内画像制御手段は、前記視野内画像位置検出手段の検出結果及び前記優先順位設定手段の設定に応じて他の画像位置を制御する制御手段であることを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２６】
（付記７）付記１において、前記検出手段は、顕微鏡の観察位置と術部に挿入される手術機器の先端部の位置を検出する位置検出手段を有することを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２７】
（付記８）付記２において、前記画像重畳手段は、重畳画像の少なくとも一つの画像情報の表示倍率を変える表示倍率変更手段を有することを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２８】
（付記９）付記２において、前記画像重畳手段は、重畳画像の少なくとも一つの画像位置を変える表示位置変更手段を有することを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１２９】
（付記１０）付記８において、前記表示倍率変更手段は、重畳画像の少なくとも一つの画像情報の表示倍率の制限を設定する表示倍率制御手段を有することを特徴とする視野内表示装置。
【０１３０】
（付記１１）術部を拡大観察する顕微鏡部と、顕微鏡観察画像とは別の画像を表示する画像表示手段と、前記顕微鏡部を三次元空間の任意位置に移動可能とするアーム部と、前記画像表示手段に表示する画像の映像信号を生成する画像処理手段と、前記画像処理手段から前記画像表示手段に映像信号を伝達する伝達手段とを有する手術用顕微鏡において、前記伝達手段は、映像信号をシリアル信号に変換し、送信する映像信号送信手段と、前記シリアル信号を受信し、映像信号に変換する映像信号受信手段を含むシリアル伝達手段であることを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１３１】
（付記１２）付記１１において、前記画像表示手段は、顕微鏡部の視野内に電子画像を表示させる視野内表示手段と、前記顕微鏡視野近傍に電子画像を表示する第２の観察光学手段と、顕微鏡観察視野内に重畳表示を行う画像重畳手段の少なくとも１つからなることを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１３２】
（付記１３）付記１１において、前記伝達手段は、シリアル信号を受信する映像信号受信手段と、シリアル信号を伝送する映像信号送信手段を含む伝送中継手段を少なくとも１つ有することを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１３３】
（付記１４）付記１１において、少なくとも前記シリアル伝達手段の一部が、前記アーム部に配置されることを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１３４】
（付記１５）付記１３において、前記映像信号受信手段は映像信号を受信したことを確認する映像信号検出手段と、前記映像信号検出手段の検出結果に基づいて、前記映像信号送信手段に映像信号の送信を許可する映像信号許可手段を有することを特徴とする手術用顕微鏡。
【０１３５】
（付記１６）付記１３において、前記伝送中継手段は、少なくとも前記アーム部の前段又は後段の何れかに配置されることを特徴とする視野内表示装置。
【０１３６】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、この発明によれば、顕微鏡視野内に画像が表示される場合、その顕微鏡視野内にエネルギー処置具等の術部挿入具の先端部と視野内に表示される画像が重ならず、術部の観察視野を確保し、かつ観察視野内に表示される画像の視認性を高くすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の第１の実施形態を示し、手術用顕微鏡の双眼接眼鏡筒部の光学構成を示す図。
【図２】同実施形態を示し、図１における図中左側観察光学系を示す側面図。
【図３】同実施形態の鏡体の縦断面図。
【図４】同実施形態を示し、ＬＣＤ光学系の斜視図。
【図５】同実施形態を示し、ＸＹテーブルの斜視図及び制御系のブロック図。
【図６】同実施形態を示し、重畳画像処理部の構成図。
【図７】同実施形態を示し、手術用顕微鏡システムの斜視図。
【図８】同実施形態を示し、フットスイッチの平面図。
【図９】同実施形態を示し、視野内表示用コントローラ及び画像表示部の構成図。
【図１０】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１１】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１２】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１３】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１４】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１５】この発明の第２の実施形態を示し、重畳画像処理部の構成図。
【図１６】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１７】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１８】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図１９】
同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図２０】この発明の第３の実施形態を示し、重畳画像処理部の構成図。
【図２１】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図２２】同実施形態を示し、顕微鏡観察視野の作用説明図。
【図２３】この発明の第４の実施形態を示し、手術用顕微鏡システムの斜視図。
【図２４】同実施形態を示し、表示駆動回路と画像表示部の構成図。
【図２５】同実施形態を示し、伝送中継部の構成図。
【符号の説明】
４０…重畳画像処理部
４６…表示制御部
２００…表示位置演算部
５０１…画像処理回路[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is used, for example, in the operation of a fine part in neurosurgery or the like. In particular to surgical microscopes, especially The present invention relates to a surgical microscope having a microscope unit having an observation optical system for magnifying and observing a surgical part and an in-field image display means for displaying an image different from a microscope observation image in a microscope observation field.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, so-called microsurgery, in which microscopic surgery is performed using a surgical microscope, has also developed image diagnostic techniques, creating surgical plans before surgery using these diagnostic images, and even during surgery Surgical equipment is being improved with the aim of safer surgery using information effectively.
[0003]
In particular, in the field of neurosurgery, an observation position with a surgical microscope is detected based on a diagnostic image before surgery, and integration with the image information is attempted. For example, diagnostic image information corresponding to a microscope observation position can be obtained during surgery.
[0004]
As a prior art, for example, in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-193223, in an operation using a surgical microscope, an operator superimposes and displays an image display of a device such as a nerve monitor and an operating state of a VTR on a surgical microscope field of view. This is so that confirmation can be made.
[0005]
Also, a special application Hei 10 -248672 is a surgical operation using a surgical microscope,
Endoscopic images can be displayed within the surgical microscope visual field using the internal display means, so that the surgical microscope observation image and endoscopic observation image can be confirmed without taking the operator's eyes away from the eyepiece. It is a thing.
[0006]
Further, in addition to the in-field display means, a superimposing means for superimposing image information on the observation field of the surgical microscope and a second observation optical system outside the observation field of the surgical microscope are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000- No. 193223, for example, an endoscopic observation image is displayed on the in-field display means, and a preoperative image is displayed on the second observation optical system. By moving, an endoscopic observation image, a preoperative image, and a surgical microscope observation image can be observed.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-193223, an image superimposed in the observation field of view of the surgical microscope overlaps with the surgical site, making it difficult to observe the surgical site. It is difficult to grasp the insertion position of the endoscope, especially the position of the endoscope tip, because the image superimposed on the observation visual field of the surgical microscope overlaps with the insertion section such as an endoscope inserted in the surgical site. There's a problem.
[0008]
Further, the image superimposed in the observation field of view of the surgical microscope and the image of the in-field display means inserted into a part of the field of view of the surgical microscope overlap, so that the visibility of each image is deteriorated.
[0009]
This invention has been made by paying attention to the above circumstances, and its purpose is as follows: When an image is displayed in the microscope field of view, the image displayed in the field of view and the surgical instrument insertion tool such as an energy treatment tool do not overlap in the microscope field of view, An object of the present invention is to provide a surgical microscope that secures an observation field of view of an operation part and has high visibility of an image displayed in the field of view.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Said To achieve the purpose, The invention of claim 1 A microscope unit having an observation optical system for magnifying the operation part, and an image different from the microscope observation image by the microscope part Of the microscope section Field of view to display in the field of view Inner table Indicating means and the microscope section The position of the distal end of the surgical insertion instrument within the observation field of the microscope under observation And detecting means for detecting Detection of surgical instruments Based on the results, By the visual field display means Image displayed in the observation field of the microscope In a position where it does not overlap with the display position of the distal end of the surgical instrument in the observation field of view. In-field image control means for controlling the display position of the image; , A surgical microscope characterized by comprising:
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the in-field image display means is in the microscope observation field. Introducing an image into the microscope observation field It has at least one of an in-field light guide means for displaying and an image superimposing means for superposing and displaying an image from the image superimposing monitor in the microscope observation visual field. Claim 1 This is a surgical microscope.
[0012]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the in-field display means displays a plurality of images different from the microscope observation image by the microscope section in the observation field of view of the microscope section. The surgical microscope described in The
[0013]
According to the configuration, even when a plurality of images are simultaneously displayed in the observation visual field, each image can be controlled to an optimum size and position, so that there is no need to manually move and change the size. The efficiency of surgery can be improved.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
1 to 14 show a first embodiment. 1 and 2 show a configuration of an optical system of an eyepiece tube of a surgical microscope, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of a binocular eyepiece tube portion, and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. The left side observation optical system is shown.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. Mirror body 4 shown in FIG. A pair of left and right imaging lenses 8a and 8b are disposed inside the fixed housing 7, and the imaging lenses 8a and 8b are for observing the mirror so that the left and right observation light beams emitted from the mirror are incident thereon. Optically connected to the optical system.
[0017]
Reference numerals 9a and 9b denote mirrors that respectively reflect the light beams passing through the imaging lenses 8a and 8b by 90 ° outward, and image rotator prisms 10a and 10b are disposed on the outgoing optical axes. Behind the image rotator prisms 10a and 10b are arranged prisms 11a and 11b for reversing both observation light beams by 180 °, respectively, and behind them the outgoing optical axes from the prisms 11a and 11b will be described later. Triangular prisms 12a and 12b that reflect in the direction parallel to the observation optical axes OL and OR by the eyepiece optical system are arranged and fixed. Behind the triangular prisms 12a and 12b are first intermediate imaging points 13a and 13b formed by the imaging lenses 8a and 8b.
[0018]
Here, in the vicinity of the first intermediate imaging point 13a, the upper surfaces of prisms 14a and 14b as light guide means described later are provided so as to substantially coincide with each other, and the first intermediate imaging points 13a and 13b At the rear, relay lenses 15a and 15b for relaying images are installed and fixed. Here, the prisms 11 a and 11 b, the triangular prisms 12 a and 12 b, and the relay lenses 15 a and 15 b are built in the movable housing 16.
[0019]
The movable housing 16 is rotatable around the axis O, that is, the incident optical axis of the prisms 11a and 11b via the connecting portions 17a and 17b. The rotator prisms 10a and 10b can be rotated about the axis O by a half angle with respect to the rotation of the movable housing 16 with respect to the fixed housing 7 by a cam mechanism or the like (not shown).
[0020]
Reference numerals 18a and 18b are incident prisms 19a and 19b and exit reflectors 20a and 20b, and are parallel prisms as reflecting members built in the eye width adjustment housings 4a and 4b. The images transmitted from the first intermediate imaging points 13a and 13b by the relay lenses 15a and 15b are respectively output from the outgoing anti-inclined surfaces 20a and 20b of the parallel prisms 18a and 18b to the second intermediate imaging points 21a and 21b. Is imaged. Then, the light is guided to a pair of eyepiece optical systems 22a and 22b built in the eyepiece housings 5a and 5b, and constitutes observation optical axes OR and OL as microscope optical observation images.
[0021]
Here, the eye width adjustment housings 4a and 4b are rotatable around an axis substantially coincident with the optical axis (vertical direction in the drawing) from the triangular prisms 12a and 12b with respect to the movable housing 16, and in FIG. As shown in the figure, it is supported immovably in the axial direction by retaining portion villages 23a and 23b (only 23a in the figure). This structure and the parallel prisms 18a and 18b constitute a so-called Giten top eye width adjustment mechanism.
[0022]
3 includes an objective optical system 24, a variable magnification optical system 25, and an eyepiece optical system, and each has a pair of left and right optical paths. Here, the objective optical system 24 is provided with a variable focus mechanism and a focal length detection sensor. Further, the zoom optical system 25 is provided with a zoom mechanism and a zoom detection sensor.
[0023]
In the body 4 , Which will be the image superimposing means described later, An optical path insertion means 26 comprising a half mirror and an image insertion optical system 27 are provided. The image insertion optical system 27 converts the light beam emitted from the image superposition monitor 28 into an afocal light beam and makes it incident on the optical path insertion means 26. ing. Reference numeral 28a denotes a cable for sending an image signal to the image superimposing monitor 28.
[0024]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, a second eyepiece housing 30 that houses the second observation optical system is provided outside the first observation optical system. The second observation optical system is configured as follows. Although only the left side optical path in the figure, the right side optical path has the same configuration. Reference numeral 31 denotes a small LCD monitor that displays an image of an endoscope or the like as an electronic image under the control of a controller (not shown), and is arranged and fixed between the movable housing 16 below the eye width adjustment housing 4a.
[0025]
Reference numerals 32 and 33 denote relay optical systems arranged on the optical axis O2L emitted from the LCD monitor 31, and a prism 34 for reflecting the optical axis O2L by approximately 90 ° is arranged therein.
[0026]
Reference numeral 35 denotes a prism that deflects the optical axis reflected by the prism 34 in the direction of the observation optical axis OL. A second eyepiece optical system 36 is optically disposed on the outgoing optical axis O2L. The observation optical axes OL and O2L intersect each other in the vicinity of the exit pupil position.
[0027]
Figure 4 , Which is a display means in the field of view described later, 1 is a perspective view of an LCD optical system, and reference numerals 24a and 24b are small LCD monitors that display an image of an endoscope or the like as an electronic image under the control of a controller (not shown). Reference numerals 25a and 25b are imaging lenses as projection optical systems arranged on the outgoing optical axes of the LCD monitors 24a and 24b, and images on the LCD monitors 24a and 24b are displayed. For image insertion as the light guiding means described above The arrangement is fixed so as to form an image on the upper surfaces of the prisms 14a and 14b. The LCD monitor 24a, the imaging lens 25a, and the prism 14a constitute an LCD optical system 26a.
[0028]
A fixed plate 27 of the LCD optical systems 26a and 26b is fixed with the same 26b as the LCD optical system 26a including the LCD monitor 24a, the imaging lens 25a, and the prism 14a. The fixing plate 27 is provided with a hole 27a for avoiding a light beam. The fixed plate 27 is fixed on an X table 29a of an XY table 28a as driving means, and the X table 29a is provided so as to be movable in the XY direction on a plane orthogonal to the optical axis.
[0029]
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the XY table 28a and a block diagram of the control system. The X table 29a includes a rack portion 29a 'and a bearing portion 29a ". The rack portion 29a' is engaged with a pinion gear 31a fixed to the rotating shaft of the motor 30a. The bearing portion 29a" The guide shaft 32a penetrates. The motor 30a and the guide shaft 32a are fixed to a Y table 33a described later.
[0030]
The Y table 33a includes a rack portion 33a ′ and a bearing portion 33a ″. The rack portion 33a ′ is engaged with a pinion gear 35a fixed to the rotating shaft of the motor 34a. The guide shaft 36a penetrates.
[0031]
The motor 30a and the motor 34a incorporate an encoder and are connected to the in-field display controller 500. That is, the motor 30 a is connected to the motor drive circuit 41, and the encoder is connected to the X table position detection circuit 42. The motor 34 a is connected to the motor drive circuit 43, and the encoder is connected to the X table position detection circuit 44. The motor drive circuit 41, the X table position detection circuit 42, the motor drive circuit 43, and the X table position detection circuit 44 are connected to the XY table control unit 45.
[0032]
On the other hand, 51 is an operation unit as an operation input means operated by the surgeon. The operation unit 51 is provided with an XY four-way switch 52 for operating the XY table 28a, an observation unit selection switch 53, and a display selection switch 54. It has been.
[0033]
The operation unit 51 is connected to the display control unit 46, and the display control unit 46 is connected to the XY table control unit 45. The display controller 45 is connected to the video conversion circuit unit 37 and the visual field video selector 38, and the visual field video selector 38 is connected to the endoscope TV camera 58 and the navigation device 59. The video conversion circuit unit 37 is connected to the display drive circuit 65 and the display drive circuit 66.
[0034]
The display control unit 46 is connected to an image observation video selector 39 and a superimposed image processing unit 40. The image observation video selector 39 is also connected to the endoscope TV camera 58 and the navigation device 59, and the navigation image superimposing video selector 40 is connected to the navigation device 59 and to the nerve monitor 100.
[0035]
The image observation video selector 39 is connected to the display drive circuit 67 and the display drive circuit 68. Further, the navigation image superimposing video selector 40 is connected to the display driving circuit 69.
[0036]
The display drive circuits 65 to 69 incorporate an analog-digital converter (hereinafter referred to as A / D converter) and a parallel-serial converter (hereinafter referred to as P / S converter) which are not shown.
[0037]
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the superimposed image processing unit 40 in FIG. 5, and the display control unit 46 is connected to a display position calculation unit 200 built in the superimposed image processing unit 40. The display position calculation unit 200 is connected to a video processing circuit 501 built in the superimposed image processing unit 40. The video processing circuit 501 is further connected to the nerve monitor 100 and the display drive circuit 69.
[0038]
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the overall system configuration of the surgical microscope apparatus. As shown in FIG. 7, the surgical microscope apparatus is provided with a surgical microscope 101 having a stereomicroscope.
[0039]
The surgical microscope 101 includes a gantry 102, a balance arm 103 disposed on the gantry 102, and a mirror body 104 supported by the balance arm 103.
[0040]
Here, the balance arm 103 is provided with a plurality of movable arms and six rotation shafts 105a to 105f. Further, each of the rotation shafts 105a to 105f is an electromagnetic lock (not shown) that switches between a locked state in which the rotation position of each rotation arm of the balance arm 103 is fixed and a lock release state in which the rotation position is unlocked. Is provided. Then, with the operation of switching the lock / unlock of the electromagnetic lock of the mirror body 104, the position of the balance arm 103 is supported so as to be spatially movable about the six rotation shafts 105a to 105f of the rotation arms. .
[0041]
The mirror body 104 is provided with a sensor arm 106 and a grip 107 for position operation of the mirror body 104. The grip 107 is provided with operation switches for focus adjustment, zooming operation, and arm operation.
[0042]
In addition, the microscope for operation 101 includes a mirror control unit 111 and an arm control unit 112. Each switch of the grip 107 is connected to the mirror control unit 111 and the arm control unit 112. Further, the lens body control unit 111 and the arm control unit 112 are provided with a foot switch 113 having respective switches for focus adjustment and zooming operation as well as the switches of the grip 107. In addition, a digitizer 134 and a display monitor 141 are connected to the navigation device 59.
[0043]
FIG. 8 shows the foot switch 113. A zoom-up switch 205 and a zoom-down switch 206 for the observation optical system of the surgical microscope, and a focus-up switch 207 and a focus-down switch 208 for the observation optical system are installed.
[0044]
As shown in FIG. 9, display drive circuits 65 to 69 built in the in-field display controller 500 are connected to an image display unit 300 installed in the mirror unit 104 via a serial transmission cable 502 to display an image. The video signal receiving units 209 to 213 built in the display unit 300 are connected to each other. Further, the video signal receiving units 209 to 213 are further connected to LCD monitors 24 a, 24 b, 31 a, 31 b, and 28 built in the lens barrel unit or the lens unit unit 104, respectively. The serial transmission cable 502 described above is built in the gantry 101 and the balance arm 103 of the surgical microscope and led to the mirror body 104.
[0045]
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
[0046]
The surgeon operates the grip 107 attached to the mirror unit 104 to rotate the rotation shafts 105a to 105f to move the mirror unit 104 to a position where the operation unit can be observed.
[0047]
Operate the switches 205 to 208 of the foot switch 113 to observe the surgical site.
[0048]
The operation when the surgeon wants to observe the display image of the nerve monitor 100 using the superimposing means will be described below. The monitor waveform image output from the nerve monitor 100 is input to the superimposed image processing unit 40 of the in-field display controller 500.
[0049]
The surgeon turns on a display switch of superimposing means (not shown) provided in the operation unit 51. The signal is transmitted to the display control unit 46, and the display control unit 46 outputs a control signal to the superimposed image processing unit 40 so as to superimpose the superimposed image at a predetermined position in the microscope visual field. The control signal is input to the display position calculation unit 200 built in the superimposed image processing unit 40, the display position of the monitor waveform image is calculated, and the calculation result is input to the video processing circuit 501.
[0050]
The position and image size of the video signal from the nerve monitor 100 are controlled by the video processing circuit 501 built in the superimposed image processing unit 40 and output to the display drive circuit 69 as a video signal. The video signal transmitted to the display driving circuit 69 is converted into a digital video signal (parallel signal) by an A / D converter (not shown) and then converted into a serial signal by a P / S converter. The video signal converted into the serial signal is input to the video signal receiving unit 213 installed in the mirror unit 104 via the serial transmission cable 502. The serial signal transmitted to the video signal receiving unit 213 is converted into a parallel video signal and transmitted to the LCD monitor 28.
[0051]
As shown in FIG. 10, the surgeon observes the superimposed image 216 of the nerve monitor 100 in the microscope observation field 217, and confirms the display image of the nerve monitor 100 without taking his eyes off the eyepiece.
[0052]
Next, in addition to the above, an operation in the case of observing an image by the in-field display means for observing using the endoscope TV camera 58 will be described.
[0053]
The surgeon operates a display switch of an in-field display means (not shown) provided in the operation unit 51. The operation signal is transmitted to the display control unit 46.
[0054]
The display control unit 46 receives the position information of the superimposed image in the microscope observation visual field 217 from the display position calculation unit 200. Based on the received position information of the superimposed image, the display control unit 46 drives the motor drive circuits 41 and 43 so that the image by the in-field display means is displayed at the same position.
[0055]
The video signal of the endoscope TV camera 58 is transmitted to the display drive circuits 65 and 66 via the visual field video selector 38 and the video conversion unit 37. The video signals of the endoscope TV camera 58 converted into serial signals by the display drive circuits 65 and 66 are transmitted to the video signal receiving units 209 and 210 via the serial transmission cable 502. The video signals of the endoscope TV camera 58 converted into parallel video signals by the video signal receiving units 209 and 210 are transmitted to the LCD monitors 24a and 24b and displayed on the in-field display means as endoscope images.
[0056]
The display position of the in-field display means is transmitted to the display control unit 46 after the signals output as encoder data from the X table position detection unit 42 and the Y table position detection unit 44 are analyzed by the XY table control unit 45. Based on the display position information of the in-field display means, the display control unit 46 outputs a signal to the display position calculation unit 200 so as to change the display position. That is, a movement command is output so that the superimposed image is displayed at a position not obstructed by the in-view display means. The display position calculation unit 200 calculates the display position of the superimposed image and outputs it to the video processing circuit 501. As a result, the superimposed image is displayed at a position that is not obstructed by the in-field display means.
[0057]
As shown in FIG. 11, the surgeon observes the image 218 by the in-field display means and the superimposed image 216 of the nerve monitor 100 at the same time.
[0058]
Next, an operation when the image 218 by the in-view display means is moved within the view will be described.
[0059]
The surgeon operates the four-way switch 52 placed on the operation unit 51 to input the display position. For example, when an operation is performed to move the image by the in-field display means to the position of the superimposed image 216 of the nerve monitor 100 in FIG. 11, the display controller 46 drives the motor drive circuits 41 and 43 via the XY table controller 45. A signal is transmitted. As a result, the motors of the XY axes are driven, and the display position of the in-field display means moves to the upper right of the field.
[0060]
The display position information of the in-field display means is transmitted from the X table position detection circuit 42 and the Y table position detection circuit 44 to the display control unit 46 via the XY table control unit 45. The position information is transmitted to the display position calculation unit 200, and control is performed to change the display position of the superimposed image 216 of the nerve monitor 100 to a position other than the current position and the position where the in-field display means originally existed. As shown in FIG. 12, the operator observes the image 218 by the in-field display means and the superimposed image 216 of the nerve monitor 100 without overlapping.
[0061]
When the display image by the in-field display means is no longer needed, an operation for retracting the image by the in-field display means is performed by a display switch of the in-field display means (not shown) of the operation unit 51. The signal is transmitted to the display control unit 46, and the XY table control unit 45 controls the drive of the XY motor to retract the image by the in-field display means.
[0062]
In addition, the display control unit 46 transmits a signal indicating that it has been saved to the display position calculation unit 200 and the display position information of the image by the in-field display means before the save, and the display position calculation unit 200 displays the display position information. The display position of the superimposed image 216 of the nerve monitor 100 is changed to the same position. The operator observes the superimposed image 216 of the nerve monitor 100 together with the microscope observation image as shown in FIG.
[0063]
When it is desired to observe the image by the in-field display means, the image by the second observation means, and the superimposed image at the same time, the operation unit 51 is operated and the signal is transmitted to the display control unit 46. The display control unit 46 A signal for starting the operation is transmitted to the selector 38, the image observation video selector 39, and the superimposed image processing unit 40. The visual field video selector 38, the image observation video selector 39, and the superimposed image processing unit 40 transmit the video signals input thereto to the display drive circuits 65 to 69, respectively.
[0064]
The process of transmitting the video signal transmitted to the display drive circuits 65 to 69 to the LCD monitors 24a, 24b, 31a, 31b, and 28 is the same as described above. For example, an endoscopic TV camera 58 is connected to the in-field video selector 38, a preoperative image from the navigation device 59 is transmitted to the image observation video selector 39, and the nerve monitor 100 is connected to the superimposed image processing unit 40. In some cases, each can be observed simultaneously as shown in FIG.
[0065]
According to the first embodiment, when displaying the in-field display means at the time of displaying the superimposed image, the image by the in-field display means is displayed at the display position of the superimposed image partially blocked in advance, and the display of the superimposed image is performed. Since the position is automatically moved to a position that is not obstructed by the in-field display means, the in-field display means and the superimposition can be performed without manually setting the display position by taking care of the portion where the microscope optical image is obstructed by the in-field display means. An image can be displayed.
[0066]
Further, even when the image is saved by the in-field display means, the superimposed image moves to the position where the image by the in-field display means has blocked the surgical site, so that the microscope observation field can be used effectively.
[0067]
By converting the video signal to the microscope unit into a digital serial signal, the number of transmission cables is reduced, and the microscope unit can be rotated / moved smoothly, and the video signal is not deteriorated. Can be transmitted, the display image becomes clear.
[0068]
15 to 19 show a second embodiment, and the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0069]
The superimposed image processing unit 40 includes a position magnification calculation unit A236, a position magnification calculation unit B237, and an image composition unit 238. The position magnification calculation unit A236 and the position magnification calculation unit B237 are each connected to the image composition unit 238.
[0070]
The image composition unit 238 is connected to the display drive circuit 69. A priority setting switch 235 is connected to the image composition unit 238. The nerve monitor 100 is connected to the position magnification calculation unit A236.
[0071]
The character control unit 231 is connected to the position magnification calculation unit B237. Further, the character control unit 231 is connected to the VTR 230 and the energy treatment instrument generator 232.
[0072]
A magnification setting unit 233 is connected to the position magnification calculation unit A236 and the position magnification calculation unit B237. A position setting unit 243 is connected to the position magnification calculation unit A236 and the position magnification calculation unit B237. A display controller 46 is connected to the position magnification calculator A236 and the position magnification calculator B237. Further, a priority order setting switch 235 is connected to the image composition unit 238.
[0073]
The magnification setting unit 233 is a switch 203 provided in the foot switch 113, and the position setting unit 243 is a switch 204 provided in the foot switch 113 (see FIG. 8).
[0074]
Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.
[0075]
As in the first embodiment, the microscope unit is moved, an optical system such as zoom focus is set, and the surgical unit is observed. The operation when the surgeon observes the monitor waveform image of the nerve monitor 100 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0076]
When the surgeon wants to observe the recording state information of the VTR 230 or the setting information of the energy treatment instrument generator 232, the recording state information or the output setting information is transmitted to the character control unit 231 by communication.
[0077]
The character control unit 231 converts the information received by communication into appropriate character information and transmits it to the position magnification calculation unit B237.
[0078]
The position magnification calculation unit B237 receives the position information of the in-field observation means from the display control unit 46, and also receives the setting information from the position setting unit 234 and the magnification setting unit 233, and displays the position and size of the character information. Is calculated. The position magnification calculation unit B237 outputs a video signal corresponding to the calculation result to the image synthesis unit, and the video signal is output from the image synthesis unit to the display drive circuit 69. Thereafter, the same operation as that of the first embodiment is performed, and character data such as the recording status display “REC” of the VTR 230 or the output setting information “Cog.30” of the energy treatment instrument generator 232 is superimposed on the appropriate position. Is displayed.
[0079]
An operation in the case where a plurality of superimposed images such as the character control unit 231 indicating the recording state of the VTR 230 and the monitor waveform image 217 of the nerve monitor 100 are simultaneously displayed in the microscope visual field will be described.
[0080]
The surgeon sets the priority order of the images input to the position magnification calculation unit A236 or the position magnification calculation unit B237 by the priority order setting switch 235. Hereinafter, an example when priority is given to an image from the nerve monitor 100 will be shown.
[0081]
To prioritize the position magnification calculation unit A236, the priority order setting switch 235 sets the priority image in the position magnification calculation unit A236.
[0082]
In order to start the superimposed display, the operation unit 51 is operated, and the image display operations of the position magnification calculation unit A236 and the position magnification calculation unit B237 are started via the display control unit 46. The display image by the nerve monitor 100 is transmitted to the image composition unit 238 via the position magnification calculation unit A236. Further, the character control unit 231 that has detected the recording state of the VTR 230 generates a character “REC” indicating the recording state, transmits the character image information to the position magnification calculation unit B237, and inputs the character image information to the image composition unit 238. Is done.
[0083]
The image composition unit 238 gives priority to the image from the nerve monitor 100 based on the setting of the priority setting switch 235, and synthesizes the REC input from the position magnification calculation unit B237 and the image from the nerve monitor 100. The synthesized image is transmitted to the display drive circuit 69 and is superimposed and displayed in the microscope observation field as in the first embodiment.
[0084]
As shown in FIG. 16, the image by the priority nerve monitor 100 is displayed on the side close to the center in the microscope field, and the REC character indicating the recording state is displayed on the end side of the microscope field.
[0085]
In FIG. 16, when it is desired to change the position of the superimposed image, once the position setting unit 234 is operated, the display image positions of the position magnification calculation unit A236 and the position magnification calculation unit B237 are set to A2.
[0086]
The position information by the position setting and the video signal are transmitted from the position magnification calculating unit A236 and the position magnification calculating unit B237 to the image combining unit 238, and the image is combined so that the priority image comes to the center side of the microscope visual field. The synthesized image is transmitted to the display driving circuit 69, and the image is synthesized so that the image from the nerve monitor 100 is at the center of the microscope visual field.
[0087]
If the display image magnification is to be changed, the magnification setting unit 233 changes the display image magnification. When the magnification setting unit 233 is pressed, the character size information recorded in the position magnification calculation unit A236 and the position magnification calculation unit B237 is read, and the display magnification of the monitor waveform image 217 of the nerve monitor 100 and the character “REC” indicating the recording state is set. change.
[0088]
As shown in FIG. 17, the image 240 by the nerve monitor 100 and the character information 241 indicating the recording state are displayed as small as the image 242 by the nerve monitor 100 and the character information 243 indicating the recording state in FIG. Further, when the magnification setting unit 233 is pressed, the image 242 by the nerve monitor 100 is displayed as small as the image 244 by the nerve monitor 100 in FIG. 19, but the character information 245 indicating the recording state is not changed. indicate.
[0089]
For example, the size of the display image is controlled by setting the display size magnification as follows in the position magnification calculation unit A236 and the position magnification calculation unit B237. By operating the magnification setting unit 233, switching is made as (1) → (2) → (3).
[0090]

According to the second embodiment, by selecting an image that the operator wants to confirm more clearly, the selected image is always displayed in the center direction of the microscope observation field even if the display position of the superimposed image is changed. Therefore, the visibility of observation of the selected image is improved.
[0091]
By providing a reduction limit for character information, it is possible to prevent characters from becoming unreadable by making characters smaller than necessary.
[0092]
In addition, it is well known that the same effect can be obtained even when the image priority order is automatically determined according to the input image when the type of the image input in advance is determined.
[0093]
20 to 22 show a third embodiment, and the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0094]
A workstation 252 and a nerve monitor 100 are connected to the position magnification calculation unit A236. A workstation 252 and an energy treatment instrument controller 254 are connected to the position magnification calculation unit B237.
[0095]
A digitizer 134 is connected to the workstation 252. An energy treatment device 250 having an index 253 whose position is detected by the digitizer 134 is connected to the energy treatment device generator 254.
[0096]
The operation of the third embodiment will be described.
[0097]
Similar to the first embodiment, the mirror unit 104 is moved to the observation position desired by the operator.
Similar to the first embodiment, the superimposed image display is performed by pressing the superimposed image display switch in the operation unit 51.
[0098]
When the energy treatment instrument generator 254 is turned off, the character image data is not communicated and output, so that only the image 242 from the nerve monitor 100 is displayed in the microscope field of view.
[0099]
When the power of the energy treatment instrument generator 254 is turned on, the output setting information of the energy treatment instrument 250 is displayed as a character at a predetermined position in the field of view as in the second embodiment.
[0100]
The energy treatment tool 250 is inserted into the surgical site and treatment is started. The digitizer 134 detects the index 253 attached to the energy treatment tool 250 and the sensor arm 106 attached to the mirror unit 104, and the detected position information is calculated by the workstation 252 so that the energy treatment tool is displayed in the microscope observation field. It is detected that 250 has been inserted. In the workstation 252, magnification / focus information from the lens body control unit 111 and position information of the sensor arm 106 and the index 253 of the energy treatment tool 250 detected by the digitizer 134 are input, and the energy treatment tool 250 in the microscope field of view is input. Calculate the position. The calculated position information is transmitted to the position magnification calculation unit A236.
[0101]
When the position magnification calculation unit A236 detects that the tip position of the energy treatment device 250 overlaps the display position of the nerve monitor 100, the position magnification calculation unit A236 based on the position information of the energy treatment device 250 in the surgical microscope visual field. Then, the display position of the superimposing image is changed, and the monitor waveform image display position of the nerve monitor 100 is moved to a position where it does not overlap the energy treatment instrument 250.
[0102]
Further, the position magnification calculation unit B237 receives character image information indicating the setting conditions of the energy treatment device 250 from the energy treatment device generator 254, and, as shown in FIG. 22, the nerve on the energy treatment device 250 within the microscope observation field of view. The output setting condition of the energy treatment instrument 250 is displayed at a position not overlapping the monitor waveform image 242 by the monitor 100.
[0103]
According to the third embodiment, in the combination of the energy treatment tool and the superimposing means, the superimposed image automatically moves to a position that does not block the distal end portion of the surgical instrument such as the energy treatment tool. There is no need to set in and the efficiency of surgery can be improved.
[0104]
In addition, when displaying the output setting conditions of the energy treatment device, the setting state is displayed on the handpiece of the energy treatment device (a position where the tip is not obstructed) without overlapping with other images. The output setting can be easily confirmed when using the treatment tool at the same time.
[0105]
23 to 25 show a fourth embodiment, and the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. As in the prior art, when the number of image display means to be displayed on the microscope unit is increased, the number of transmission cables for transmitting video signals of images to be displayed on the image display means is increased. The transmission cable is included in the gantry and arm of the surgical microscope and is connected to the image display means in the microscope. As the number of transmission cables increases, the operability of the arm portion is lowered, and the operator is burdened.
[0106]
Further, if the video is transmitted as an analog signal, the video signal is deteriorated and the quality of the display image is lowered. In particular, when the resolution of the video signal is improved, the frequency of the video signal is increased, so that there is a problem that the image quality is greatly deteriorated in the image transmission using the analog signal. The present embodiment has been made with respect to the above circumstances, and its object is to stabilize the transmission of a video signal to the image display means without degrading the operability of the microscope.
[0107]
FIG. 23 is obtained by adding a transmission relay unit 261 to FIG. FIG. 24 shows a configuration for transmitting a video signal from the display driving means 65 to the LCD 24a as the image display means.
[0108]
A transmission relay unit 261 is connected to the display driving circuit 65 built in the in-field display controller 500. The transmission relay unit 261 is connected to the video signal receiving unit 260. The transmission relay unit 261 is provided on the back surface of the gantry unit 102 of the surgical microscope 101. The video signal receiving unit 265 is provided in the mirror unit 104. The video signal receiving unit 265 is connected to the LCD monitor 24a.
[0109]
FIG. 25 shows the configuration of the transmission relay unit 261. The video signal receiving unit 262 is connected to the video signal detecting unit 263 through video signal wiring. The video signal detection unit 263 is connected to the video signal transmission unit 264 by a video signal wiring and an enable signal wiring.
[0110]
The configurations of FIGS. 24 and 25 are the same in the subsequent stage of the other display drive circuits 66 to 69.
[0111]
Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described.
[0112]
Similar to the first embodiment, the surgeon sets the body part 104 to a desired observation state. When the operator wants to superimpose the image of the nerve monitor 100 in the field of view of the microscope, the operator starts the superimposing operation of the superimposing processing unit 40 as in the first embodiment. The image of the nerve monitor 100 is transmitted to the display drive circuit 69, converted from a digital parallel signal to a digital serial signal, and transmitted to the video signal receiving unit 262 provided in the transmission relay unit 261. The video signal receiving unit 262 converts the video signal from a serial signal to a parallel signal, and transmits the video signal to the video signal detection unit 263.
[0113]
The video signal detection unit 263 transmits the video signal to the video signal transmission unit 264. When the received video signal satisfies a specified condition (when recognized as a normal video signal), the video signal detection unit 263 transmits a video signal transmission permission signal (enable signal) to the video signal transmission unit 264. When receiving the transmission permission signal, the video signal transmission unit 264 converts the video signal into a serial signal and starts output.
[0114]
As a result, a normal serial signal is output from the transmission relay unit 261 to the video signal receiving unit 265. The video signal receiving unit 265 converts the serial signal into a parallel signal, and transmits the parallel signal to the display driving circuit 69 to display the superimposed image by the nerve monitor 100 in the microscope visual field.
[0115]
In the case of displaying an endoscopic image on the in-field display means and a preoperative image on the second optical system, a video signal is transmitted from the display drive circuits 65 to 69 and the above-mentioned images are sent to the LCD monitors 24a, 24b, 31a, 31b. As shown in FIG. 14, each image is displayed at the same time.
[0116]
According to the fourth embodiment, serial transmission is performed and serial signal transmission means is enabled by analysis of the video signal. Therefore, the cable for transmitting the video and the enable signal can be omitted, and the microscope unit can be omitted. Rotation operation for moving the body part can be performed easily.
[0117]
Since the transmission relay unit is provided in the gantry unit, the gantry unit and the display drive circuits 65 to 69 can be separated, and there is no problem in handling a long cable during storage.
[0118]
Further, the transmission relay unit can be arranged not only in the gantry unit but also in other parts. For example, by providing at the tip of the arm part, the mirror body and the arm part can be separated, and the setup can be easily performed.
[0119]
According to each of the embodiments, the following configuration is obtained.
[0120]
(Supplementary note 1) for surgery having a microscope unit having an observation optical system for magnifying and observing a surgical part, and an in-field image display means for displaying a plurality of images different from a microscope observation image by the microscope unit in a microscope observation field The microscope includes a detection unit that detects an observation state of the microscope unit, and an in-field image control unit that controls display positions of a plurality of images displayed in the microscope observation field based on a result of the detection unit. Features a surgical microscope.
[0121]
(Additional remark 2) In additional remark 1, the said image display means in a visual field is at least one of the display means in a visual field which displays an electronic image in the said microscope observation visual field, and the image superimposition means which performs a superimposed display in the said microscope observation visual field. A surgical microscope characterized by comprising:
[0122]
(Supplementary note 3) In Supplementary note 1, the detection means is an in-field image position detection means for detecting at least one display position of a plurality of images of the in-field image display means displayed in the microscope observation field. Surgical microscope characterized by.
[0123]
(Additional remark 4) In additional remark 3, the said visual field image control means is a control means which controls another image position according to the at least 1 image position detection result of the said visual field image position detection means, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Surgical microscope.
[0124]
(Supplementary note 5) The surgical microscope according to supplementary note 1, wherein the in-field image control means includes priority order setting means for setting priorities of a plurality of images displayed in the microscope field of view.
[0125]
(Supplementary Note 6) In Supplementary Note 1, the in-field image control means is a control means for controlling other image positions according to the detection result of the in-field image position detection means and the setting of the priority order setting means. Features a surgical microscope.
[0126]
(Supplementary note 7) The surgical microscope according to supplementary note 1, wherein the detection means includes a position detection means for detecting an observation position of the microscope and a position of a distal end portion of a surgical instrument inserted into the surgical part.
[0127]
(Supplementary note 8) The surgical microscope according to supplementary note 2, wherein the image superimposing means includes display magnification changing means for changing a display magnification of at least one image information of the superimposed image.
[0128]
(Supplementary note 9) The surgical microscope according to supplementary note 2, wherein the image superimposing unit includes a display position changing unit that changes at least one image position of the superimposed image.
[0129]
(Additional remark 10) In additional remark 8, the said display magnification change means has a display magnification control means to set the restriction | limiting of the display magnification of the at least 1 image information of a superimposed image, The display apparatus within a visual field characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0130]
(Additional remark 11) The microscope part which expands and observes an operation part, the image display means which displays an image different from a microscope observation image, the arm part which enables the said microscope part to move to the arbitrary positions of three-dimensional space, In a surgical microscope having an image processing unit that generates a video signal of an image to be displayed on the image display unit, and a transmission unit that transmits the video signal from the image processing unit to the image display unit, the transmission unit includes the video signal A surgical microscope comprising: a video signal transmitting means for converting a serial signal into a serial signal; and a serial transmission means including a video signal receiving means for receiving and converting the serial signal into a video signal.
[0131]
(Supplementary note 12) In Supplementary note 11, the image display means includes an in-field display means for displaying an electronic image in the field of view of the microscope unit, a second observation optical means for displaying the electronic image in the vicinity of the microscope field of view, and a microscope A surgical microscope comprising at least one of image superimposing means for performing superimposing display in an observation visual field.
[0132]
(Supplementary note 13) In supplementary note 11, the transmission means has at least one transmission relay means including a video signal reception means for receiving a serial signal and a video signal transmission means for transmitting the serial signal. microscope.
[0133]
(Supplementary note 14) The surgical microscope according to supplementary note 11, wherein at least a part of the serial transmission means is disposed on the arm portion.
[0134]
(Additional remark 15) In additional remark 13, the said video signal receiving means confirms that the video signal was received, and based on the detection result of the said video signal detection means, the said video signal transmission means is sent to the said video signal transmission means. A surgical microscope comprising video signal permission means for permitting transmission.
[0135]
(Additional remark 16) In additional remark 13, the said transmission relay means is arrange | positioned at least in either the front | former stage or back | latter stage of the said arm part, The display apparatus within a visual field characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0136]
【The invention's effect】
As explained above, according to the present invention, When an image is displayed in the microscope field, the image displayed in the field of view and the distal end of the surgical instrument insertion tool such as an energy treatment tool does not overlap in the microscope field, It is possible to secure an observation field of view of the surgical site and increase the visibility of an image displayed in the observation field.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an optical configuration of a binocular eyepiece tube portion of a surgical microscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a side view showing the left-side observation optical system in FIG. 1 according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mirror body according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an LCD optical system according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an XY table and a block diagram of a control system according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a superimposed image processing unit according to the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the surgical microscope system according to the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a foot switch according to the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of an in-field display controller and an image display unit according to the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment;
FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a superimposed image processing unit according to the second embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment;
FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment;
FIG. 19
The operation explanatory view of the microscope observation visual field which shows the embodiment.
FIG. 20 is a configuration diagram of a superimposed image processing unit according to the third embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment;
FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the microscope observation field according to the embodiment;
FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a surgical microscope system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 24 is a configuration diagram of a display drive circuit and an image display unit according to the embodiment.
FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram of a transmission relay unit according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
40. Superimposed image processing unit
46: Display control unit
200: Display position calculation unit
501 ... Image processing circuit

Claims (3)

A microscope section having an observation optical system for magnifying the operation section,
And the view in Display means for displaying a different image to the observation field of the microscope and the microscope observation image by the microscope,
Detecting means for detecting the position of the distal end of the surgical instrument in the observation field of view of the microscope unit under the observation of the microscope unit ;
A position where the image displayed in the observation field of the microscope by the in-field display means based on the position detection result of the surgical instrument by the detection means does not overlap with the display position of the distal end portion of the surgical instrument in the observation field In- field image control means for controlling the display position of the image ,
A surgical microscope characterized by comprising: The field of view in Display means includes a field in the light guiding means for displaying the image in the microscope observation field of view by introducing an image on the microscopic observation in the field of view,
Image superimposing means for superimposing and displaying the image from the image superimposing monitor in the microscope observation field;
The surgical microscope according to claim 1, comprising at least one of the following. The surgical microscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the in-field display means displays a plurality of images different from a microscope observation image by the microscope section in an observation field of view of the microscope section .

Images