JP4803447B2 - CAD system and program implemented in this system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a CAD technique capable of creating a two-dimensional drawing such as a projection drawing from three-dimensional CAD data.

  One of the conventional CAD systems is to design a projection diagram from a three-dimensional solid model based on a projection direction input from an input device after designing using the three-dimensional CAD solid model (for example, Patent Document 1). reference). In this CAD system, a plurality of types of data representing a three-dimensional three-dimensional model can be stored, and the plurality of types of data can be revised in accordance with the design work of the target product to obtain a desired three-dimensional shape. Three-dimensional CAD software is provided. Further, when expressing the product to be designed as a planar drawing based on the data revised by the three-dimensional CAD software, the comparison contents of the data before and after the revision are extracted, and the comparison contents are stored in association with the revised data. In addition, two-dimensional CAD software for automatically creating the comparison contents in a planar drawing is also provided.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-20331 (paragraph numbers 0009 and 0012, FIG. 1)

  In the conventional CAD system as described above, which can create a two-dimensional drawing such as a projection drawing from the three-dimensional CAD data, when a complicated and many holes are set in the product to be designed, It is difficult to accurately write the hole cross sections of the plurality of holes. For example, when holes overlap each other in a projection view from a certain direction, the hole cross-sectional shape and hole dimensions cannot be easily written. In addition, when not only dimensions but also drilling instructions such as finishing symbols are added to each hole cross section, describe these in an easy-to-understand manner using a three-sided view (front view, plan view, side view). It is difficult. Of course, the cross-sectional shape dimension data and the processing instruction data of each hole are managed by the three-dimensional CAD software, and therefore are included in the two-dimensional CAD data output through the three-dimensional CAD software. However, even if such raw cross-sectional shape data and processing instruction data are directly written in the projection drawing as a series of symbols and numerical values, it is very difficult to see and difficult to understand.

  In view of the above situation, the object of the present invention is to visually understand rather than enumerate data such as hole dimensions when creating a two-dimensional drawing such as a projection drawing from three-dimensional CAD data including a hole processing portion. It is to provide a technique in which details of a hole processing portion are expressed in a form that is easy to do.

  In a CAD system for creating a two-dimensional drawing from three-dimensional CAD data including a hole processing unit, in order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a projection drawing output processing unit for generating projection drawing data from the three-dimensional CAD data; A hole information intermediate file generation unit for generating a hole information intermediate file including a hole ID code for specifying a hole type and hole size data from the three-dimensional CAD data, and a hole cross-sectional view template adapted using the hole ID code as a search key A template extracting unit that extracts a section from a template storage unit, a hole section drawing data generating unit that generates hole section drawing data based on the hole dimension data and the hole section drawing template, and a projection based on the projection drawing data An output processing unit for outputting a two-dimensional drawing in which the hole cross-sectional view based on the hole cross-sectional drawing drawing data is incorporated in It is provided as a constituent. Here, the term “hole” is used generically for various holes (holes) having through holes and non-through holes having bottoms and steps, and having rounded and square cross sections.

  With the above characteristic configuration, a hole information intermediate file is generated by extracting required hole size data and a hole ID code specifying a hole type from hole attribute information included in the three-dimensional CAD data. Further, by applying the hole dimension data described in the hole information intermediate file to the hole cross-section template extracted using the hole ID code described in the hole information intermediate file as a search key, a hole of a specific hole is applied. Cross section drawing data is generated. In order to output the final two-dimensional drawing, the generated hole cross-sectional view data and the projection drawing data included in the three-dimensional CAD data are given to the output processing unit. A hole cross section is created and placed in one drawing. When the output processing unit selects a plotter as an output device, a two-dimensional drawing consisting of a projection view and a hole cross-sectional view is plotted out. When the output processing unit selects a monitor (such as a liquid crystal display) as an output device, the projection view and the hole cross-sectional view are displayed. The two-dimensional drawing is displayed on the screen. As a result, even if the 3D CAD data includes a large number of complicated hole processing parts, a hole sectional view illustrating the shapes of various hole processing parts together with the hole dimensions is drawn together with the projection drawing. The part is also easier to understand visually.

  When creating a two-dimensional drawing by combining a projection view and many hole cross-sectional views, it is necessary to efficiently arrange each hole cross-sectional view in a blank area of the projection view. In order to solve this problem by automation, a layout information generation unit that generates layout information that defines the arrangement of the projection view and the hole cross-sectional view in the two-dimensional drawing is provided, and the output processing unit includes the layout information in the layout information. It is proposed to add a feature configuration that outputs a two-dimensional drawing laid out based on it.

  In order to facilitate the revision and confirmation of the above-described hole information intermediate file generated in the process of the present invention, in one specific embodiment, the hole information intermediate file is in a text file format. Generated. Text files consisting of character codes and symbol codes can be displayed, corrected, and deleted through a text editor that is installed in almost all computers as a standard operation, and confirmation and revision operations are easy. Further, when the CSV format is adopted as a kind of format format of the text file, since it can be displayed in a list using spreadsheet software or the like, there is an advantage in confirmation work and revision work such as dimension data.

  Similarly, if the hole cross-sectional view template is generated in a text file format in which a drawing command is scripted, the revision operation and the confirmation operation are facilitated. In addition, since the hole cross section template is generated by scripting the drawing command instead of the image data, if necessary, the shape of the hole cross section can be changed just by modifying the drawing command arguments such as the line command ( Deformation including reduction and enlargement).

  The above-described characteristic configuration of the CAD system according to the present invention can be substantially constructed by a computer program. Therefore, it is mounted on a CAD system including a projection drawing output processing unit that generates projection drawing data from three-dimensional CAD data, and has a feature of the present invention to create a two-dimensional drawing from three-dimensional CAD data including a hole processing unit. Computer programs and methods are also within the scope of the present invention. For example, such a program searches a hole information intermediate file generation function for generating a hole information intermediate file including a hole ID code for specifying a hole type and hole size data from the three-dimensional CAD data, and the hole ID code. A template extraction function for extracting a hole section drawing template suitable as a key from a template storage unit, and a hole section drawing data generation function for generating hole section drawing data based on the hole dimension data and the hole section template; And causing the computer to execute an output function for outputting a two-dimensional drawing in which the hole cross-sectional view based on the hole cross-sectional view drawing data is incorporated into the projection view based on the projection drawing data. The functions and effects provided by the functions realized thereby are substantially the same as those described in the above-described CAD system according to the present invention. Needless to say, specific examples and embodiments of the functions in the CAD system described above can also be introduced into this program.

  The basic principle of the CAD technique according to the present invention for creating a two-dimensional drawing combining a projection drawing and a hole sectional view from three-dimensional CAD data including a hole processing portion will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG.

  First, using a 3D CAD function, a design work such as part placement accompanied by drilling with a 3D solid is performed (# 01). At that time, when connecting bolts or the like are arranged for connecting the members, drilling data corresponding to the specifications of the connecting bolts is automatically given to the connected members. When the 3D CAD operation is completed and the 3D CAD is shifted to the 2D CAD, the 3D CAD data is read, and projection drawing data and hole attribute information are generated (# 02). The projection drawing data and the hole attribute information have a well-known data structure, but the hole attribute information includes hole processing data (hole coordinate position, hole size, hole processing) set in the three-dimensional CAD. Accuracy) and a hole ID code for defining the hole.

  Next, a hole information intermediate file is generated using the hole attribute information (# 03). Since this hole information intermediate file includes data such as a hole ID code and hole dimensions and hole processing accuracy, a hole cross-sectional view template that matches this hole ID code as a search key is extracted (# 04). By adding numerical data and symbol data indicating hole dimensions and hole machining accuracy to the extracted hole cross-sectional view template, hole cross-sectional view drawing data is generated (# 05). The hole section drawing data is generated for every hole type included in the projection drawing data generated by the three-dimensional CAD function, that is, for every hole ID code included in the hole attribute information.

  By providing the hole cross-sectional view data and the projection drawing data to the output processing unit, a two-dimensional drawing in which the hole cross-sectional view based on the hole cross-sectional view drawing data is incorporated into the projection drawing based on the projection drawing data is created (# 06). ). At that time, if the output processing unit selects a plotter as the output device, a two-dimensional drawing consisting of a projection view and a hole cross-sectional view is plotted out, and if the output processing unit selects a monitor (such as a liquid crystal display) as the output device, the projection view and the hole are displayed. A two-dimensional drawing consisting of a cross-sectional view is displayed on the screen.

  FIG. 2 shows functional blocks showing the functions of a CAD system that adopts the basic principle of the CAD technology described above. This CAD system includes a monitor 1 and a plotter 2 as external output devices, and a keyboard 3a and a mouse (or tablet) 3b as operation input devices. The GUI unit 4 is connected to the monitor 1 and operation input devices such as a keyboard 3a and a mouse 3b. The GUI unit 4 allows the user to input commands and parameters to the CAD system while viewing the display screen of the monitor 1. Acts as an intermediary when performing The command analysis unit 5 receives commands and parameters input through the GUI unit 4 and activates corresponding functions from various 3D CAD functions and 2D CAD functions implemented in the CAD system. Execute the process. Therefore, the command analysis unit 5 is connected to the three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20, the two-dimensional drawing processing unit 30, and the hole cross-sectional view processing module 40 described in detail later. The three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20 also functions as a projection drawing output processing unit that generates projection drawing data from three-dimensional CAD data.

  The three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20 has various well-known three-dimensional CAD functions, and enables product design while setting a three-dimensional solid model based on a user instruction. The two-dimensional drawing processing unit 30 also has various well-known two-dimensional CAD functions, and is displayed under a projection view (plan view, front view, side view) often used in conventional design drafting. Production drawings and the like can be created based on user instructions.

  The hole sectional view processing module 40 uses hole attribute information used for creating a two-dimensional drawing from the three-dimensional CAD data including the hole processing portion handled by the three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20 and corresponds to the projection drawing. It has a function of outputting data for drawing a hole sectional view. For this reason, the hole section view processing module 40 includes a hole information intermediate file generation section 41, a template extraction section 42, and a hole section view drawing data generation section 43. The hole information intermediate file generation unit 41 includes hole information including a hole ID code for specifying a hole type, hole size data, finishing symbol data, tolerance data, etc., as illustrated in FIG. 3 based on the hole attribute information. Generate an intermediate file. This hole information intermediate file is created in a text file format, preferably in a CSV format. The template extraction unit 42 extracts from the template storage unit 50 a hole cross-sectional view template that matches the hole ID code as a search key. As illustrated in FIG. 4, this hole cross-sectional view template is configured as a text file (preferably in CSV format) having a hole ID code used as a search key as a file name. Drawing commands (LINE statement, TEXT insertion statement, etc.) are scripted. The hole cross-section drawing data generation unit 43 generates hole cross-section drawing data based on the hole size data and the hole cross-section template. As shown in FIG. 5, the output result based on the drawing data of the hole cross-sectional view shows that the specific hole type name and the hole shape dimensions and finish symbols are added to the hole cross-sectional view of the hole type. Become.

  The template storage unit 50 stores a number of hole cross-section templates as illustrated in FIG. Creation and maintenance management of the hole cross-section template file is performed by the template management unit 51 based on a user input command input via the GUI unit 4 and the command analysis unit 5.

  Various CAD data handled by the three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20, the two-dimensional drawing processing unit 30, and the hole cross-sectional view processing module 40 are converted by the output processing unit 60, and the monitor 1 designated by the output processing unit 60 is designated. And the output device such as the plotter 2 are reproduced so that the geometric shape can be visually confirmed. Accordingly, a 2D drawing in which a hole sectional view based on the hole sectional view drawing data generated by the data generation unit 43 is incorporated in the projection drawing based on the projection drawing data generated from the three-dimensional CAD data is also used. It is output through the function of the output processing unit 60.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a two-dimensional drawing as a production drawing in which a hole sectional view is incorporated in a projection drawing. As can be understood from this drawing, a general production drawing has a large number of hole-shaped hole processing portions, and the same number of hole cross-sectional views are required. The hole cross-sectional view area allocated for the hole cross-sectional view is a blank area of the projection view area in which the projection view is drawn, and is not so wide. Therefore, the necessary number of hole cross-sectional views must be efficiently arranged. For this reason, in this embodiment, a layout information generation unit 70 is provided that generates layout information that defines the arrangement of a projected view and a plurality of hole cross-sectional views in a two-dimensional drawing such as a production drawing. The layout information generation unit 70 sets an assignable hole cross-sectional view area, determines the arrangement coordinates of each hole cross-sectional view from the number and size of the hole cross-sectional views that must be arranged in the hole cross-sectional view area, and performs layout. Generate information. By transferring this layout information to the output processing unit 60 together with the projection drawing data and the hole section drawing drawing data, for example, a production drawing as illustrated in FIG. 6 is displayed on the monitor 1 or output from the plotter 2.

  Various CAD data including part data and hole processing data handled by the 3D drawing processing unit 20 and the 2D drawing processing unit 30 are readable and stored in the CAD data storage unit 7 under the control of the CAD data management unit 6. Has been.

  A process of creating a two-dimensional drawing combining a projection drawing and a hole cross-sectional view from a three-dimensional CAD operation in the CAD system configured as described above will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, as shown in FIG. 8, the three-dimensional CAD function is used to set the shape of the base member while displaying the solid model on the monitor 1, and mechanical elements such as bolts and pins are arranged on the base member ( # 10). In order to set the geometry of the machine element to be arranged, a component arrangement window as illustrated in FIG. 9 is used. In this part placement window, the part name, part classification, manufacturer name, schematic diagram, machining accuracy, finishing symbol, and the like can be set together with dimensions. In addition, if the component to be placed requires drilling the base member, the geometry for drilling is automatically set according to the geometry of the corresponding component (manual setting if necessary). The hole placement setting area is also displayed in the component placement window. The hole arrangement setting area also includes a hole cross-sectional schematic diagram for checking the hole shape. When drilling is also set through this component placement window, the setting content is incorporated into the three-dimensional CAD data as drilling data (# 12). A design using a three-dimensional solid is performed while repeating such arrangement of machine elements (# 14). When the design using the three-dimensional CAD function is completed, a projection drawing for producing this design product is created as needed (# 14 Yes branch).

  When creating a projection drawing, first the projection drawing data from the three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20 that also functions as a projection drawing output processing unit that outputs the projection drawing data based on the three-dimensional CAD data, and all hole processing units included in the projection drawing. Information (such as hole coordinate position, hole size, hole processing accuracy, hole ID code) is output (# 16). The hole sectional view processing module 40 takes in the hole attribute information from the three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20, analyzes it (# 18), and selects all the hole ID codes (hole types) described in the hole attribute information ( # 20). By sequentially specifying the selected hole ID code (hole format) (# 22), the hole information intermediate file generation unit 41 generates a hole information intermediate file for the specified hole ID code (hole format). (# 24).

  Next, the template extraction unit 42 accesses the template storage unit 50 using the hole ID code included in the created hole information intermediate file as a search key, and extracts a matching hole cross-section template (# 26). The hole section drawing data generation unit 43 introduces the hole shape dimensions and hole processing accuracy described in the hole information intermediate file into the description content of the extracted hole section template, and generates hole section drawing data. (# 28). For all the hole ID codes described in the hole attribute information, the generation process of the hole cross-section drawing data through the generation of the hole information intermediate file for each hole ID code (hole type) as described above is used. Done.

  When the generation of all the hole section drawing data is finished (# 30 Yes branch), the layout information generation unit 70 takes in the projection drawing data from the three-dimensional drawing processing unit 20, and the margin from the projection drawing size and the projection drawing size. The area is calculated (# 32). Furthermore, the layout information generation unit 70 calculates the effective arrangement of the hole cross-sectional views from the calculated blank area and the number of hole cross-sectional views that must be drawn in the projection drawing, and generates layout information (# 34). ).

  Projection map data and hole section drawing data are handled by the two-dimensional drawing processing unit 20, but actual two-dimensional drawing operations transfer the projection diagram data, hole section drawing data, and layout information to the output processing unit 70. This is done through the monitor screen as shown in FIG. 6 displayed on the monitor 1 (# 36). The two-dimensional drawing displayed on the monitor 1 can be output as a plotter by transferring the two-dimensional CAD data to the output processing unit 70 and converting it into plotter data.

Since the hole cross-sections of all the hole types shown in the projection view are combined with the projection view, symbols (for example, A, B, C.. It is appended to the hole machining position and each hole cross-sectional view. In addition, when a plurality of hole processings of the same hole type are arranged in the projected view, the number of locations where the hole processing is set is also appended to each hole cross-sectional view in order to facilitate confirmation of the quantity. .

Schematic diagram illustrating the basic principle of creating a hole cross-sectional view in the CAD system according to the present invention. Functional block diagram of CAD system Explanatory drawing illustrating the contents of the hole information intermediate file Explanatory drawing illustrating the contents of the hole section template file Explanatory drawing illustrating hole cross-sectional view Production drawing that incorporates a hole cross-sectional view into the projection Flow chart showing the process of creating a two-dimensional drawing combining a projection drawing and a hole cross-sectional view from a three-dimensional CAD operation Monitor screen during 3D CAD work Monitor screen diagram used when specifying bolts and bolt holes

Explanation of symbols

1: Monitor 2: Plotter 20: Three-dimensional drawing processing unit (projection drawing output processing unit)
30: Two-dimensional drawing processing unit 40: Hole sectional view processing module 41: Hole information intermediate file generating unit 42: Template extracting unit 43: Hole sectional view drawing data generating unit 50: Template storage unit 60: Output processing unit 70: Layout information Generator

Claims (5)

In a CAD system for creating a two-dimensional drawing from three-dimensional CAD data including a hole processing portion,
A projection drawing output processing unit for generating projection drawing data from the three-dimensional CAD data;
A hole information intermediate file generation unit for generating a hole information intermediate file including a hole ID code and a hole size data for specifying a hole type from the three-dimensional CAD data;
A template extraction unit that extracts a hole cross-sectional view template that matches the hole ID code as a search key from a template storage unit;
A hole cross-section drawing data generator for generating hole cross-section drawing data based on the hole dimension data and the hole cross-section template;
An output processing unit that outputs a two-dimensional drawing in which the hole cross-sectional view based on the hole cross-sectional view drawing data is incorporated into the projection view based on the projection drawing data;
CAD system comprising   A layout information generating unit configured to generate layout information for defining an arrangement of the projected view and the hole cross-sectional view in the two-dimensional drawing, and the output processing unit outputs the two-dimensional drawing laid out based on the layout information. The CAD system according to claim 1. The CAD system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hole information intermediate file is generated in a text file format. The CAD system according to claim 3, wherein the hole section view template is generated in a text file format format in which a drawing command is scripted. In a program for creating a two-dimensional drawing from three-dimensional CAD data including a hole processing unit, which is mounted on a CAD system including a projection drawing output processing unit that generates projection drawing data from three-dimensional CAD data,
A hole information intermediate file generation function for generating a hole information intermediate file including a hole ID code for specifying a hole type and hole size data from the three-dimensional CAD data;
A template extraction function for extracting a hole cross-sectional view template that matches the hole ID code as a search key from a template storage unit;
A hole section drawing data generation function for generating hole section drawing data based on the hole dimension data and the hole section template;
An output function for outputting a two-dimensional drawing in which the hole cross-sectional view based on the hole cross-sectional view drawing data is incorporated into the projection view based on the projection drawing data;
A program that causes a computer to execute.

Images