JP4801006B2 - Coagulant composition for tofu - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a coagulant composition for tofu.

  Conventionally, as a coagulant for tofu, inorganic salts such as magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride or calcium sulfate, or organic acids such as glucono delta lactone have been used. Among these, magnesium chloride has long been used as a bitter juice in the production of tofu, and it has been favored by consumers because of its unique taste, but its coagulation rate is extremely fast. In any case, “silk tofu” which does not perform secondary molding, it was difficult to produce tofu with a fine inner phase and a homogeneous content unless it was a considerable skill. Therefore, bitter juice is only partially used in handmade tofu stores, etc., and it has been extremely difficult to use it in mass production on a factory scale.

  In order to solve this problem, various slow-acting coagulant preparations that control the coagulation rate of a fast-acting inorganic salt coagulant such as magnesium chloride have been proposed in recent years.

  For example, an inorganic salt coagulant having a maximum particle size of 50 μm is dispersed in an aliphatic fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol that is sparingly soluble in water (see Patent Document 1). ), (A) inorganic salt coagulant selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate and calcium chloride, (b) polyglycerol condensed ricinoleate, (c) ester of glycerol and fatty acid , One or more selected from the group of polyglycerin fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester and sorbitan fatty acid ester, and (d) one or more selected from the group of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols A tofu coagulant composition (see Patent Document 2), which is characterized by containing, is disclosed. The solidification rate of the coagulant composition is not necessarily satisfactory in the production facility of some tofu, more delayed formulation are are desired.

JP 2000-270800 A JP 2006-101848 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a coagulant composition for tofu in which the coagulation rate of a fast-acting inorganic salt coagulant such as magnesium chloride is further delayed.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have intensively studied. As a result, the inventors focused on the characteristics of polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester contained as an essential component in the coagulant composition for tofu. When the interfacial tension value of the mixture obtained by adding a certain amount to the squeezed oil is in a certain numerical range, the coagulation rate of the preparation containing the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester is remarkably slowed. The present invention has been made based on the findings.

That is, the present invention
(A) An inorganic salt coagulant composed of one or more selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate and calcium chloride, (b) polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester, (c) ester of glycerol and fatty acid, poly 1 type or 2 or more types chosen from the group of glycerol fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, and sorbitan fatty acid ester, and (d) 1 type or 2 or more types chosen from the group of saccharides, sugar alcohol, and a polyhydric alcohol are contained. The interfacial tension value at 25 ° C. of the composition obtained by adding 0.100 g of (b) to 100.0 g of rapeseed white squeezed oil is 12.0 to 15.0 mN / m. A coagulant composition for tofu,
It is made up of.

  The coagulant composition for tofu according to the present invention has a longer coagulation start time of soymilk than conventional products, and is more excellent in delayed action.

  Examples of the inorganic salt-based coagulant used in the present invention include magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and calcium chloride. These inorganic salts may be either anhydrous or water containing crystallization (eg, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium chloride dihydrate, etc.). These inorganic salt-based coagulants can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more thereof. From the viewpoint of tofu flavor, it is preferable to use magnesium chloride alone.

  The polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester used in the present invention is an esterification product of polyglycerin and condensed ricinoleic acid, and is produced by a per se known esterification reaction or the like. Examples of the polyglycerin include those having an average degree of polymerization of about 2 to 15. The average degree of polymerization is preferably about 3 to 10. Specifically, for example, triglycerin, tetraglycerin, hexaglycerin and the like are preferable. The condensed ricinoleic acid is a mixture obtained by heating ricinoleic acid to cause a polycondensation reaction. Examples of the condensed ricinoleic acid include those having an average degree of polymerization of about 2 to 10. The average degree of polymerization is preferably about 3 to 6.

  The polyglycerin-condensed ricinoleic acid ester used in the present invention is a mixture obtained by adding 0.100 g of the polyglycerin-condensed ricinoleic acid ester to 100.0 g of rapeseed white squeezed oil (manufactured by Borso Oil & Fats) at 25 ° C The interfacial tension value (hereinafter referred to as interfacial tension value A) is 12.0 to 15.0 mN / m. As polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester, for example, Sunsoft 818H (interfacial tension value A13.1 mN / m; manufactured by Taiyo Chemical Co., Ltd.), SY Glyster CRS-75 (interfacial tension value A13.2 mN / m; manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) ), SY Grister CR-ED (interfacial tension value A 13.7 mN / m; manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Palsgaard 4150 (interfacial tension value A 14.5 mN / m; manufactured by Pulse Guard Co., Ltd.), etc. are commercially manufactured and sold. These can be used in the present invention.

The interfacial tension measuring apparatus is not particularly limited as long as it is an apparatus used for measuring the interfacial tension between liquids. For example, an interfacial tension meter by pendant drop method (model: DropMaster 300; manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.) Etc. can be preferably used.
Examples of the ester of glycerin and fatty acid used in the present invention include monoglyceride, diglyceride, and triglyceride (oil and fat). Monoglyceride and diglyceride are both produced by esterification reaction between glycerin and fatty acid or transesterification reaction between glycerin and fat and oil, and if necessary, separated and concentrated by molecular distillation, fractional crystallization or chromatograph, etc. There may be. The ester of glycerin and fatty acid used in the present invention may be a mixture of monoglyceride, diglyceride and triglyceride (oil and fat).

  The constituent fatty acids of these glycerin and fatty acid esters in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are fatty acids originating from edible animal and vegetable oils and fats, such as caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, Examples thereof include one or a mixture of two or more selected from stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, erucic acid, and the like. Preferably, one or more selected from the group of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid is contained in an amount of about 50% by weight or more, preferably about 70% by weight or more, more preferably about 90% by weight or more, based on the total fatty acid. Fatty acid or fatty acid mixture.

  The triglyceride (oil and fat) is not particularly limited as long as it is an edible triglyceride, for example, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, corn oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil Oil, vegetable oils such as peanut oil, olive oil, high oleic rapeseed oil, high oleic safflower oil, high oleic corn oil or high oleic sunflower oil, animal oils such as beef fat, lard, fish oil or milk fat, and these animal and vegetable oils , Hydrogenated or transesterified or medium chain fatty acid triglyceride (abbreviated as MCT), and the like, preferably medium chain fatty acid triglyceride (MCT).

  The polyglycerol fatty acid ester used in the present invention is an esterification product of polyglycerol and a fatty acid, and is produced by a known esterification reaction or the like. The polyglycerin is a mixture of polyglycerin having different degrees of polymerization, which is usually obtained by heating glycerin, glycidol, epichlorohydrin or the like to cause a polycondensation reaction. The polyglycerin used in the present invention has an average degree of polymerization of about 2 to 10, for example, diglycerin (average degree of polymerization 2), triglycerin (average degree of polymerization 3), tetraglycerin (average degree of polymerization 4), Examples include hexaglycerin (average degree of polymerization 6), octaglycerin (average degree of polymerization 8), decaglycerin (average degree of polymerization 10), and the like.

  The constituent fatty acid of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is not particularly limited as long as it is a fatty acid derived from edible animal and vegetable oils and fats, such as caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, About 50 masses of one or more mixtures selected from the group of linoleic acid and erucic acid, etc., preferably one or more selected from the group of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid with respect to the total fatty acid % Or more, preferably about 70% by mass or more, more preferably about 90% by mass or more.

The propylene glycol fatty acid ester used in the present invention is an esterification product of propylene glycol and a fatty acid, and is produced by a per se known esterification reaction or the like. The ester may be a monoester, a diester, or a mixture thereof. Preferably, it is a diester, and in the case of a mixture, the diester should contain about 50% by mass or more, preferably about 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more.
Sorbitan fatty acid ester is an esterification product of sorbitol or sorbitan and a fatty acid, and is produced by a known esterification reaction or the like.

  The fatty acid constituting the propylene glycol fatty acid ester or sorbitan fatty acid ester is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from edible animal and vegetable oils and fats. For example, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearin Examples thereof include one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group of acids, oleic acid, linoleic acid, erucic acid and the like. Preferably, one or more selected from the group of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid is contained in an amount of about 50% by weight or more, preferably about 70% by weight or more, more preferably about 90% by weight or more, based on the total fatty acid. Fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures.

  Examples of the saccharide used in the present invention include monosaccharides such as xylose, glucose and fructose, oligosaccharides such as sucrose, lactose and maltose, starch degradation products such as dextrin and starch syrup, maltotriose, maltotetraose, malto Examples include malto-oligosaccharides such as pentaose or maltohexaose, and preferably starch decomposition products such as dextrin or chickenpox.

  Examples of the sugar alcohol used in the present invention include sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol, or reduced starch syrup. Preferably, sorbitol or reduced starch syrup is used.

  Examples of the polyhydric alcohol used in the present invention include propylene glycol, glycerin, polyglycerin and the like, and preferably glycerin.

  The saccharides, sugar alcohols or polyhydric alcohols described above can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. Preferably, the polyhydric alcohol is used alone. As the saccharide, sugar alcohol or polyhydric alcohol described above, a solution obtained by dissolving or mixing with a solvent such as water may be used. When dissolved or mixed with a solvent, it varies depending on the saccharide used, but in the case of glycerin, for example, about 1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably about 2 to 15 parts by mass, and more preferably about 1 to 15 parts by mass of water. It is about 5-10 mass parts.

  Water can also be appropriately added to the coagulant composition for tofu of the present invention as necessary.

  The method for producing the coagulant composition for tofu according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and a method known per se can be used. Below, the manufacturing method of a preferable coagulant composition for tofu is illustrated. For example, polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester is added to propylene glycol fatty acid ester, and the mixture is heated to about 50-80 ° C, preferably about 60-70 ° C. While stirring the heated mixture, an inorganic salt coagulant (for example, magnesium chloride) and a glycerin-water mixed solution (for example, glycerin: water = about 9: 1) were sequentially added thereto, and then stirred using a stirrer. Thus, a dispersion in which the inorganic salt coagulant is uniformly dispersed is obtained. For stirring, for example, a normal stirring and mixing tank equipped with a stirrer, a heating jacket, a jammer plate, and the like can be used. The stirrer is not particularly limited. K mixer (manufactured by Primics) or clear mix (manufactured by MTechnic Co., Ltd.) can be mentioned, and a high-speed rotating homogenizer such as clear mix is preferable. When a high-speed rotating homogenizer is used, the number of rotations is preferably about 6000 to 20000 rotations / minute, and the stirring time is preferably about 10 to 60 minutes.

  The dispersion obtained by stirring with a stirrer is preferably further atomized with a wet pulverizer or the like. The wet pulverizer atomizes particles in the dispersion liquid using glass beads or zirconia beads filled in the pulverization chamber of the pulverizer as a dispersion medium. Examples of the wet pulverizer include a sand mill (manufactured by Shinto Kogyo Co., Ltd.), a bead mill (manufactured by Finetech Co., Ltd.), a dyno mill (manufactured by Swiss WAB Co.), and the like, and these can be preferably used. The tofu coagulant composition of the present invention is obtained by atomizing the particles in the dispersion liquid with a wet pulverizer or the like. The tofu coagulant composition of the present invention is a uniform and stable composition in which fine particles of inorganic salt coagulant are ultrafinely dispersed in a dispersion medium. Can be.

  The maximum particle size of the inorganic salt-based coagulant to be finely dispersed in the coagulant composition for tofu according to the present invention is about 50 μm or less, preferably about 40 μm or less, more preferably about 30 μm or less. By making the particles of the inorganic salt coagulant in the coagulant composition for tofu fine particles, other components in the coagulant composition for tofu are effectively adsorbed on the surface of the fine particles of the inorganic salt coagulant. As a result, during the production of tofu, when the tofu coagulant composition of the present invention is added to and mixed with the soy milk, fine particles of the inorganic salt coagulant are uniformly dispersed in the soy milk, and the inorganic salt coagulant Is gradually and uniformly dissolved in soy milk and the soy milk is solidified, so that a tofu with a fine and uniform texture of the inner phase of tofu and excellent water-retaining texture can be obtained. In addition, precipitation of the inorganic salt coagulant itself is also suppressed.

  The content of each component in 100% by mass of the tofu coagulant composition according to the present invention is (a) one or more inorganic salt coagulants selected from the group of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate and calcium chloride. About 20 to 70% by mass in terms of anhydride, preferably about 20 to 50% by mass, (b) polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester is about 5 to 15% by mass, preferably about 7 to 12% by mass, (c ) One or a mixture of two or more selected from the group of esters of glycerin and fatty acids, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters and sorbitan fatty acid esters is about 10-50% by mass, preferably about 15-40% by mass And (d) about 1 to 20% by mass of one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. Ku is about 5 to 15 wt%.

  In the coagulant composition for tofu according to the present invention, a thickening stabilizer such as starch, agar, or gelatin may be blended within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention. Here, as starch, corn starch, potato starch, wheat starch, rice starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca starch, mung bean starch, sago starch, pea starch, or esterification treatment thereof (for example, acetate starch etc.), etherification treatment (For example, hydroxypropyl starch, etc.), cross-linked processing (for example, phosphoric acid cross-linked starch, etc.), oxidized starch (for example, dialdehyde starch, etc.) or processed starch that has been subjected to wet heat treatment alone or in combination. Can be mentioned.

  The amount of the coagulant composition for tofu according to the present invention added to soy milk is the amount of the inorganic salt coagulant in the coagulant composition of the present invention that is usually used for soy milk, that is, the inorganic salt coagulant (anhydride conversion). ) In the range of about 0.05 to 0.5% by mass.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[Production Example 1]
<Preparation of propylene glycol fatty acid ester>
In a 20 L reaction can equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, gas blowing tube and water separator, 2700 g of propylene glycol and a mixed fatty acid composed of capric acid and lauric acid (the mixing ratio of capric acid and lauric acid is a mass ratio) 60:40) 12300 g was charged, and the esterification reaction was performed for 6 hours while removing the produced water from the system at 160 to 220 ° C. in a nitrogen gas stream. After the reaction was completed, the liquid temperature was raised to 235 ° C., Deacidification was performed under reduced pressure (about 3 KPa) to make the acid value 8 or less. The obtained reaction solution was supplied to a centrifugal molecular distillation machine, and the remaining fatty acid and propylene glycol monofatty acid ester were distilled off at a temperature of 140 to 190 ° C. under a vacuum of 80 Pa, and further to a temperature of 210 ° C. The product was distilled under a pressure of 30 Pa to obtain about 3300 g of propylene glycol fatty acid ester as a fraction. The acid value of the fraction was 0.6 and contained about 95% by mass or more of propylene glycol difatty acid ester.

[Example 1]
To 1,500 g of the propylene glycol fatty acid ester obtained in Production Example 1, 450 g of polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) described in Table 1, magnesium chloride (trade name: White nigara, manufactured by Naruto Shiogyo Co., Ltd.) 2500 g, glycerin 350 g , 200 g of dextrin (trade name: cluster dextrin, manufactured by Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd.) is added, and the mixture is rotated at 10,000 rpm at about 70-80 ° C. using a TK mixer (model: TK HOMMIXER MARK II, manufactured by Primix). The mixture after stirring and mixing for 20 minutes is passed through a dyno mill (model: dyno mill: manufactured by WAB, Switzerland, 1.5 mm zirconia beads, manufactured by WAB, Switzerland) at about 30 to 50 ° C. three times. Thus, about 5000 g of a coagulant composition for tofu (Example 1) was obtained.

[Example 2]
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product B) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a tofu coagulant composition (Example Product 2).

[Example 3]
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product C) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a tofu coagulant composition (Example Product 3).

[Example 4]
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product D) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a tofu coagulant composition (Example Product 4).

[Comparative Example 1]
In the same manner as in Example 1, except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product E) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a coagulant composition for tofu (Comparative product 1).

[Comparative Example 2]
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product F) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a coagulant composition for tofu (Comparative product 2).

[Comparative Example 3]
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product G) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a coagulant composition for tofu (Comparative product 3).

[Comparative Example 4]
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a coagulant composition for tofu (Comparative product 4).

[Comparative Example 5]
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product I) shown in Table 1 was used instead of 450 g of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester (commercial product A) of Example 1. This was carried out to obtain about 5000 g of a coagulant composition for tofu (Comparative product 5).

[Test Example 1]
0.100 g of 9 kinds of polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid esters used in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were added to 100.0 g of rapeseed white squeezed oil (manufactured by Borso Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.) and heated to 70 ° C. After dissolution, the solution was cooled to about 25 ° C. at room temperature to obtain a test solution. The interfacial tension between the test solution and distilled water was measured to determine the interfacial tension value (that is, interfacial tension value A). The results are shown in Table 2.

<Method for measuring interfacial tension value>
An accessory device was set on a contact angle meter (model: DropMaster 300; manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.) and used as an interfacial tension measuring device. Place 10 mL of the test solution in a glass cell and fix it in a jacketed chamber temperature-controlled at 25 ° C. The tip of a Teflon-coated syringe needle holding purified water is inserted into the test solution, and distilled water is extruded into the test solution to form hanging drops (pendant drops). d _e ) and the hanging drop diameter (d _s ) at a position elevated by d _e from the lowest end of the hanging drop were measured, and the interfacial tension value (γ) was calculated from the following equation.

Here, Δρ is a density difference between purified water and rapeseed white squeezed oil, g is a gravitational acceleration, and 1 / H is a correction coefficient obtained from ds / de. The density of purified water was 0.997 (25 ° C.) ^{Note 1)} , and the specific gravity of rapeseed white oil was 0.916 (25 ° C.) ^{Note 2)} .

Note 1) “Chemical Manual Handbook II” (The Chemical Society of Japan), p. 432
Note 2) Measured according to [2.2.2 _-1996 specific gravity] of “Standard oil analysis test method (I)” (Japan Oil Chemists' Society).

[Test Example 2]
The following tests were conducted for the coagulant compositions for tofu obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 (Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative products 1 to 5).

  Using a micron mixer (model: MCR-1, manufactured by Sato Co., Ltd.), 39 g of a tofu coagulant composition (Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Products 1 to 5) in terms of magnesium chloride hexahydrate was 13 L. Dispersed in soymilk (Brix. 12, 75 ° C.). Dispersion of the coagulant composition for soy milk and tofu (practical products 1 to 4 and comparative products 1 to 5) was carried out at a mixing time of 22.2 seconds and a stirring pressure of 0.07 MPa. (350 mm × 360 mm × 150 mm) was poured, the time from when the mixture was filled in the mold box to the start of coagulation was measured, and this time was recorded as the coagulation start time of soymilk. The results are shown in Table 3.

  The coagulant composition for tofu obtained in Examples 1 to 4 had a longer coagulation start time than the coagulant composition for tofu obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and was excellent in delayed action.

  The coagulant composition for tofu of the present invention can be used for continuous production of cotton tofu, soft tofu, silken tofu and the like. In addition, the coagulant composition for tofu according to the present invention can be preferably used for producing tofu. In other words, the tofu is generally manufactured through a process in which the soy milk solidified in the bucket is put into a pack and put into a pack. However, when a large-capacity bucket is used, it is a problem that water separation of the tofu occurs in the middle. It has become. When using the coagulant composition for tofu according to the present invention for producing tofu, it takes longer time for water separation of tofu to occur than when using the conventional product, so it is manufactured using a larger capacity bucket. Can be efficient.

Claims (1)

(A) An inorganic salt coagulant composed of one or more selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate and calcium chloride, (b) polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester, (c) ester of glycerol and fatty acid, poly 1 type or 2 or more types chosen from the group of glycerol fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, and sorbitan fatty acid ester, and (d) 1 type or 2 or more types chosen from the group of saccharides, sugar alcohol, and a polyhydric alcohol are contained. a composition, interfacial tension values at 25 ° C. as measured by surface tension meter by the pendant drop method of the resulting mixture to rapeseed white refined oil 100.0g was added 0.100g of (b) is 12. A coagulant composition for tofu, which is 0 to 15.0 mN / m.