JP4785394B2 - 窒化物半導体レーザ素子 - Google Patents
窒化物半導体レーザ素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4785394B2 JP4785394B2 JP2005065324A JP2005065324A JP4785394B2 JP 4785394 B2 JP4785394 B2 JP 4785394B2 JP 2005065324 A JP2005065324 A JP 2005065324A JP 2005065324 A JP2005065324 A JP 2005065324A JP 4785394 B2 JP4785394 B2 JP 4785394B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 90
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 83
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 17
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 12
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002294 plasma sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QHGSGZLLHBKSAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridosilicon Chemical compound [SiH] QHGSGZLLHBKSAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QBJCZLXULXFYCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;cyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Mg+2].C1C=CC=[C-]1.C1C=CC=[C-]1 QBJCZLXULXFYCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
図3に、本発明の実施例1の窒化物半導体レーザ素子の模式的な断面図を示す。この窒化物半導体レーザ素子は、厚さ120μmのn型GaN基板101と、n型GaN基板101上に形成された、n型GaNからなる厚さ1μmの下地層102と、n型Al0.062Ga9.938Nからなる厚さ0.7μmの第1下部クラッド層113と、n型Al0.1Ga0.9Nからなる厚さ0.1μmの第2下部クラッド層123と、n型Al0.062Ga9.938Nからなる厚さ1.3μmの第3下部クラッド層133と、n型GaNからなる厚さ0.02μmの下部光導波層104と、n型In0.005Ga0.995Nからなる厚さ8nmの障壁層とIn0.09Ga0.91Nからなる厚さ4nmの量子井戸層とからなる層を3層積層させた厚さ36nmの多重量子井戸構造の活性層105と、p型Al0.26Ga0.74Nからなる厚さ0.01μmのキャリアブロック層106と、中央部が中央部以外の部分より上方に突出したストライプ状の突出部を有する中央部の厚さが0.03μmであるp型GaNからなる上部光導波層107と、上部光導波層107の突出部上に形成された厚さ0.45μmのp型Al0.1Ga0.9Nからなる上部クラッド層108と、上部クラッド層108上に形成されたp型GaNからなる厚さ0.1μmのコンタクト層109と、上部光導波層107の突出部、上部クラッド層108およびコンタクト層109で構成されるリッジストライプ構造の両側に設けられたSiO2からなる埋め込み層110と、厚さ5nmのTi層上に厚さ150nmのAl層を積層してなる負電極111と、厚さ200nmのNi層上に厚さ1μmのAu層を積層してなる正電極112と、を備えている。
Nbからなる安定化層および酸化ニオブ層を共振器端面に形成しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして窒化物半導体レーザ素子(比較例1の窒化物半導体レーザ素子)を作製した。
実施例1と同様の手順によってレーザバーを形成し、このレーザバーをECRプラズマスパッタ装置内に設置してスパッタ法により出射側の共振器端面にNbからなる安定化層を2.5nmの厚さで形成した。その後、ECRプラズマスパッタ装置からレーザバーを取り出し、このレーザバーを電子ビーム蒸着装置内に設置して、電子ビーム蒸着法により出射側の共振器端面の反射率が5%になる厚さに酸化アルミニウム層を形成した。
反射率を調節するための層として、酸化アルミニウム層ではなく酸化シリコン層を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして窒化物半導体レーザ素子(実施例3の窒化物半導体レーザ素子)を作製した。
実施例1と同様の手順によってレーザバーを形成し、このレーザバーを電子ビーム蒸着装置内に設置して電子ビーム蒸着法により出射側の共振器端面の反射率が10%になる厚さに出射側の共振器端面に酸化ランタン(La2O3)層を形成した。ここで、酸化ランタン(La2O3)層は、安定化層としての機能と出射側の共振器端面の反射率を調節する機能の双方を兼ね備えている。
実施例1と同様の手順によってレーザバーを形成し、このレーザバーを電子ビーム蒸着装置内に設置して電子ビーム蒸着法により出射側の共振器端面の反射率が10%になる厚さに出射側の共振器端面に酸化ランタン(La2O3)層と酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)層の積層構造を形成した。ここで、安定化層としては酸化ランタン(La2O3)層が機能し、出射側の共振器端面の反射率の調節については酸化ランタン(La2O3)層と酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)層の双方が機能する。
Claims (3)
- 共振器端面と直接接する安定化層を含み、前記安定化層はLaの酸化物からなることを特徴とする、窒化物半導体レーザ素子。
- 前記安定化層上に前記共振器端面の反射率を調節するための材料が形成されており、前記共振器端面の反射率を調節するための材料が、−1700kJ/mol以下の酸化物生成エネルギーを有する酸化物であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の窒化物半導体レーザ素子。
- 前記酸化物が酸化アルミニウムであることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の窒化物半導体レーザ素子。
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JP4799339B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2011-10-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 窒化物半導体発光素子 |
JP2009004538A (ja) * | 2007-06-21 | 2009-01-08 | Panasonic Corp | 半導体レーザ装置 |
WO2009147853A1 (ja) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | パナソニック株式会社 | 半導体発光素子 |
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JP4457549B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-10 | 2010-04-28 | 日亜化学工業株式会社 | 窒化物半導体レーザ素子及びその製造方法 |
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