JP4772916B2 - 半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ - Google Patents
半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- JP4772916B2 JP4772916B2 JP2010238297A JP2010238297A JP4772916B2 JP 4772916 B2 JP4772916 B2 JP 4772916B2 JP 2010238297 A JP2010238297 A JP 2010238297A JP 2010238297 A JP2010238297 A JP 2010238297A JP 4772916 B2 JP4772916 B2 JP 4772916B2
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- wire
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C5/02—Alloys based on gold
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- H01L2224/45138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
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Description
。花弁現象とは、ボール接合部の外周近傍が花弁状に凹凸変形を起こして、真円性からずれるものであり、小さい電極上に接合するときにボールがはみ出たり、接合強度の低下を誘発したりする不良の原因となる。芯ずれ現象とは、ワイヤ先端に形成したボール部が、ワイヤ軸に対し非対称に形成され、例えばゴルフクラブ状となる現象であり、狭ピッチ接続において芯ずれボールを接合したときに隣接するボールと接触するショート不良を起こすことが問題となる。これら複層ワイヤにおける花弁現象と芯ずれ現象との発生頻度は単層ワイヤより増える傾向であり、生産性の低下をもたらす一因であるため、ワイヤボンディング工程の管理基準を厳しくする必要がある。
、表皮層又はワイヤ表面近傍における組成、構造、厚さ等により大きく異なる。複層銅ワイヤの構造の適正化が重要となる。金ワイヤと同等の作業性を確保するには、例えば、2ヶ月程度の大気保管の後でも、ウェッジ接合性、ループ形状等が劣化しないことが保障される必要がある。これは、単層銅ワイヤの保管寿命に比べれば数十倍の寿命向上が必要であり、銅を主体とする材料においては相当厳しい条件が求められることになる。
。熱処理の雰囲気では、酸化を抑制する目的でN2、Ar等の不活性ガスも利用した。ガス流量は、0.0002〜0.004m3/minの範囲で調整し、炉内の温度制御にも利用した。熱処理を行うタイミングとして、伸線後のワイヤに熱処理を施してから表皮層を形成する場合と、熱処理を加工前、加工途中、又は表皮層を形成した直後等の内1回又は2回以上行う等の場合とを使い分けた。
、ループ高さが200〜250μmとなるように台形ループを30本接続し、高さの標準偏差より評価した。線径は25μmとする。高さ測定には光学顕微鏡を使用し、位置はループの最頂点の近傍と、ループの中央部の2箇所で測定した。ループ高さの標準偏差がワイヤ径の1/2以上であれば、バラツキが大きいと判断し、1/2未満であればバラツキは小さく良好であると判断した。その基準を基に判断し、3箇所ともバラツキが小さい場合には、ループ形状が安定していると判断し、◎印で表示し、バラツキが大きい個所が1箇所である場合には、比較的良好であるため○印、2箇所の場合には△印、3箇所ともバラツキが大きい場合には×印で表示した。
、芯材を構成する主成分がCuで、B、Pd、P、Zrの1種以上を5〜300ppmの範囲で含有することにより、スパン5mm程度のループの直線性が向上することが確認された。同様に、実施例17、22、30は、本発明に係わる、芯材を構成する主成分がAuで、Be、Ca、Ni、Pdの1種以上を5〜8000ppmの範囲で含有することにより、直線性が向上することが確認された。ここでスパン5mm程度のループの直線性を改善する作用については、前述した、ワイヤ長手方向/円周方向のアスペクト比が5以上であることも有効であり、上記の合金成分の添加による効果と識別するのが難しい場合もある。一方で、実施例12、17、19では、アスペクト比が5未満であるものの、上記の合金成分を含有することで、スパン5mm程度の直線性を改善できることが確認された。
Claims (7)
- 導電性金属からなる芯材と、前記芯材の上に該芯材とは異なる金属を主成分とする表皮層とを有する半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤであって、
前記表皮層の金属が面心立方晶であって、該表皮層の厚さが0.005〜0.09μmの範囲であり、
前記表皮層の表面の結晶面におけるワイヤ長手方向の結晶方位<hkl>の内、前記ワイヤ長手方向に対して角度差が15°以内までを含む<111>の方位比率が50%以上である
ことを特徴とする半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。 - 前記表皮層と前記芯材の間に、前記表皮層及び前記芯材の主成分の濃度勾配を有する拡散層を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記表皮層を構成する主成分がPd、Pt、Ru、Agの内いずれか1種であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記芯材を構成する主成分がCu、Auの内いずれか1種であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記芯材を構成する主成分がCuで、B、Pd、Bi、P、Zrの1種以上を総量5〜300ppmの範囲で含有することを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記芯材を構成する主成分がCuで、Pdを5〜10000ppmの範囲で含有し、前記表皮層を構成する主成分がPdまたはAgであることを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記芯材を構成する主成分がAuで、Be、Ca、Ni、Pd、Ptの1種以上を総量5〜8000ppmの範囲で含有することを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
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