JP6354744B2 - 銅線の接合方法 - Google Patents
銅線の接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6354744B2 JP6354744B2 JP2015248573A JP2015248573A JP6354744B2 JP 6354744 B2 JP6354744 B2 JP 6354744B2 JP 2015248573 A JP2015248573 A JP 2015248573A JP 2015248573 A JP2015248573 A JP 2015248573A JP 6354744 B2 JP6354744 B2 JP 6354744B2
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- Prior art keywords
- wire
- electrode
- capillary
- rubbing
- copper wire
- Prior art date
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017767 Cu—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
3次元方向に移動可能であるキャピラリを用いて、
銅を主成分として含む芯線と、前記芯線を覆うとともに貴金属を主成分として含む被膜とを有する銅線を、アルミニウムを主成分として含む電極に接合する接合方法であって、
前記キャピラリは、前記銅線を保持しており、前記銅線を前記キャピラリの先端から繰り出すことができ、かつ、前記キャピラリ先端の前記銅線を加熱して溶融させることができ、
前記銅線を前記電極に押し付けながら前記キャピラリを前記電極の表面に沿って移動させることによって、前記電極と前記芯線との間に前記被膜が残存する擦り付け部を前記電極に形成する擦り付け部形成工程と、
前記擦り付け部形成工程の後において、前記キャピラリを前記擦り付け部から離間させた後、前記キャピラリ先端の銅線を溶融することによって、ボール部を形成するボール部形成工程と、
前記ボール部形成工程の後において、前記電極の前記表面に対して垂直な方向から前記電極の前記表面を視たとき、前記ボール部と前記擦り付け部との接合面が前記擦り付け部の外縁の内側に収まるように、前記ボール部を前記擦り付け部に押し付けて、前記ボール部と前記擦り付け部とを接合させるボール部接合工程と、
を含む。
ところで、キャピラリは、セラミック等から形成されており、電極等と比較して硬いことが多いため、擦り付け部と電極のみを接合する場合において、電極等を傷つけるおそれを有する。しかし、上記した構成によれば、キャピラリによってボール部を擦り付け部に押し付けて銅線と電極を接合することによって、擦り付け部と電極のみを接合する場合に比べて、キャピラリによって電極等を傷つけるおそれが少なく、銅線と電極を接合できる。
前記銅線を前記電極に押し付けながら前記キャピラリを前記電極の前記表面に沿って特定方向に移動させた後、前記キャピラリを前記特定方向の反対方向に移動させることを特徴としてもよい。
このような構成によれば、銅線が電極に擦り付けられた状態にてキャピラリを特定方向に移動させた後にキャピラリを反対方向に移動させるため、ボール部が接合可能な平坦な擦り付け部を特定方向とは反対方向に拡大することができる。これによって、ボール部が接合されるのに必要な擦り付け部を形成するのに使用される銅線量を低減できる。
前記擦り付け部における前記電極との接触面では、前記銅線の前記被膜が残存するよう、前記擦り付け部を形成することを特徴としてもよい。
このような構成によれば、擦り付け部における電極との接触面に、銅線の被膜が残存しているため、貴金属を主成分として含む被膜が、銅を主成分として含む芯線と、Alを主成分として含む電極とをより確実に隔てるように、形成される。したがって、銅線と、Alを主成分として含む電極との接合部の耐久性の低下をより確実に抑制する。
図1〜図3Dを参照して実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法について説明する。図1は、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を示すフローチャートである。図2A〜図2Lは、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法の一工程を示す模式図である。図3A〜図3Dは、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法の一工程の詳細を示す模式図である。なお、添付した全図面(図1〜図8)では、適宜、右手系xyz三次元座標が規定されている。
本接合方法は、銅線を用いて、素子側電極D1とリードフレーム側電極L1とを接続する。素子側電極D1は、アルミニウム(Al)を主成分として含む。
ワイヤ110は、銅線であり、具体的には、銅(Cu)を主成分として含む芯線110aと、芯線110aを覆う被膜110bとを含む。被膜110bは、Cu原子とAl原子とが相互に拡散することを抑制する材料からなる。このような材料として、貴金属や、貴金属を主成分として含む材料が挙げられる。また、このような貴金属として、パラジウム(Pd)、金(Au)、白金(Pt)、ルテニウム(Ru)、銀(Ag)等が挙げられる。芯線110a及び被膜110bは、必要に応じて添加元素を含んでもよいし、不可避的不純物を含んでもよい。キャピラリC1は、3次元方向に移動可能に保持されている。キャピラリC1は、セラミック等から形成されているため、電極等と比較して、硬いことが多い。具体的には、キャピラリC1は、管状部と、この管状部の末端近傍に配置されるクランプ部(図示略)とを有する。キャピラリC1は、ワイヤ110を管状部に挿し通すとともにクランプ部に把持させることによって保持している。キャピラリC1は、例えば、クランプ部による把持したまま、ワイヤ110を管状部先端に向かって押出すことによって、ワイヤ110をその先端から順次繰り出すことができる。また、キャピラリC1は、例えば、トーチ電極と併せて用いて、トーチ電極から放電させることで、キャピラリC1先端のワイヤ110、具体的には、キャピラリC1の先端近傍に位置するワイヤ110の部位を加熱して溶融させることができる。キャピラリC1は、例えば、超音波トランスデューサを有してもよく、この超音波トランスデューサによる超音波振動をワイヤ110に伝えて、ワイヤ110を超音波振動させることができる。所定のボールボンディング装置(図示略)を用いて、キャピラリC1の移動やワイヤ110等の繰り出しを行なってもよい。
具体的には、まず、図2Dに示すように、キャピラリC1を予備ボンド部11から、素子側電極D1から離れる方向(ここでは、Z方向プラス側)に移動、つまり、離間させつつ、ワイヤ120を繰り出す。なお、ワイヤ120は、ワイヤ110と連続する一本のワイヤを用いて構成されるとよく、後述するワイヤ130、140についても同様である。典型的には、ワイヤ120は、ワイヤ110(図2A参照)と同一の連続した1本のワイヤであり、説明の便宜上、異なる符号を付けたものである。ワイヤ120は、ワイヤ110と同じ構成を有する。すなわち、ワイヤ120は、芯線120aと、芯線120aを覆う被膜120bとを含む。芯線120aと被膜120bとは、それぞれ芯線110aと被膜110bと同じ構成を有する。なお、後述するワイヤ130、140も、ワイヤ120と同様に、同一の連続した1本のワイヤであり、説明の便宜上、異なる符号を付けたものである。
なお、ワイヤ130は、ワイヤ110(図2A参照)と同じ構成を有する。すなわち、図3Dに示すように、ワイヤ130は、芯線130aと、芯線130aを覆う被膜130bとを含む。芯線130aと被膜130bとは、それぞれ芯線110aと被膜110bと同じ構成を有する。
具体的には、素子側電極D1の表面に対して垂直な方向(ここでは、Z軸プラス側)から素子側電極D1の表面を視ると、FAB131が擦り付け部12cの外縁の内側に収まるように、FAB131を擦り付け部12cに押し付けてもよい。ボールボンド部13と擦り付け部12cとの接合面は、例えば、直径αを有する円形状である、又は、この円形状を含む形状である。ボールボンド部13と擦り付け部12cとの接合面の直径αと、擦り付け部12cの直径βとは、以下の関係式1を満たすとよい。
β>α …(関係式1)
なお、図3Dに示す擦り付け部12cの直径βは、ボールボンド部13の直径γよりも大きいが、図9に示すように、擦り付け部12cの直径βが、ボールボンド部13の直径γと比較して小さくてもよい。なお、図9では、見易さのため、キャピラリC1のハッチングを省略している。
ところで、キャピラリC1は、セラミック等から形成されており、電極D1等と比較して硬いことが多いため、擦り付け部12cと電極D1のみを接合する場合において、電極D1等を傷つけるおそれを有する。しかし、上記した構成によれば、キャピラリC1によってボールボンド部13を擦り付け部12cに押し付けてワイヤ120と電極D1を接合することによって、擦り付け部12cと電極D1のみを接合する場合に比べて、キャピラリC1によって電極D1等を傷つけるおそれが少なく、ワイヤ120と電極D1を接合できる。
次に、図4〜図6を参照して、上記した実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造について説明する。図4は、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造の一例を示す側面図である。図5は、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造の一例を示す上面図である。図6は、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造の一例を示す断面図である。
次に、図7を参照して、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造の他の一例について説明する。図7は、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造の他の一例を示す上面図である。実施の形態2に係る接合構造は、予備ボンド部と、第1のワイヤとを除いて、接合構造10(図5参照)と同じ構成を有する。異なる構成についてのみ説明する。
次に、図8を参照して、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造の他の一例を有する半導体装置について説明する。図8は、実施の形態1に係る銅線の接合方法を用いて形成される接合構造の他の一例を有する半導体装置を示す上面図である。
S3 ボール部形成工程 S4 ボール部接合工程
10、20 接合構造
11、21 予備ボンド部 12、22 第1のワイヤ
12a 芯線 12b 被膜
12c 擦り付け部
13 ボールボンド部
14 第2のワイヤ 14c ステッチボンド
110、120、130、140 ワイヤ(テール)
110a、120a、130a、140a 芯線
110b、120b、130b、140b 被膜
C1 キャピラリ
D1、D2 素子側電極
D11、D21 予備接合領域 D12、D22 擦り付け部支持領域
L1 リードフレーム側電極
Claims (2)
- 3次元方向に移動可能であるキャピラリを用いて、
銅を主成分として含む芯線と、前記芯線を覆うとともに貴金属を主成分として含む被膜とを有する銅線を、アルミニウムを主成分として含む電極に接合する接合方法であって、
前記キャピラリは、前記銅線を保持しており、前記銅線を前記キャピラリの先端から繰り出すことができ、かつ、前記キャピラリ先端の前記銅線を加熱して溶融させることができ、
前記銅線を前記電極に押し付けながら前記キャピラリを前記電極の表面に沿って移動させることによって、前記電極と前記芯線との間に前記被膜が残存する擦り付け部を前記電極に形成する擦り付け部形成工程と、
前記擦り付け部形成工程の後において、前記キャピラリを前記擦り付け部から離間させた後、前記キャピラリ先端の銅線を溶融することによって、ボール部を形成するボール部形成工程と、
前記ボール部形成工程の後において、前記電極の前記表面に対して垂直な方向から前記電極の前記表面を視たとき、前記ボール部と前記擦り付け部との接合面が前記擦り付け部の外縁の内側に収まるように、前記ボール部を前記擦り付け部に押し付けて、前記ボール部と前記擦り付け部とを接合させるボール部接合工程と、
を含み、
前記擦り付け部形成工程において、
前記擦り付け部における前記電極との接触面では、前記銅線の前記被膜が残存するよう、前記擦り付け部を形成する、
銅線の接合方法。 - 前記擦り付け部形成工程において、
前記銅線を前記電極に押し付けながら前記キャピラリを前記電極の前記表面に沿って特定方向に移動させた後、前記キャピラリを前記特定方向の反対方向に移動させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の銅線の接合方法。
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JPS6297360A (ja) * | 1985-10-24 | 1987-05-06 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | 半導体装置のボンデイングワイヤ用表面被覆高純度銅極細線 |
DE19535775C2 (de) * | 1995-09-26 | 2000-06-21 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum elektrischen Verbinden eines Kontaktfeldes eines Halbleiterchips mit zumindest einer Kontaktfläche sowie danach hergestellte Chipkarte |
JPH11238753A (ja) * | 1998-02-24 | 1999-08-31 | Hitachi Ltd | ワイヤボンディング方法および装置 |
JP2008085094A (ja) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-10 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
WO2008087922A1 (ja) | 2007-01-15 | 2008-07-24 | Nippon Steel Materials Co., Ltd. | ボンディングワイヤの接合構造及びその形成方法 |
JP4772916B2 (ja) | 2007-12-03 | 2011-09-14 | 新日鉄マテリアルズ株式会社 | 半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ |
JP4617375B2 (ja) | 2007-12-03 | 2011-01-26 | 新日鉄マテリアルズ株式会社 | 半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ |
JP2012160554A (ja) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-23 | Toshiba Corp | ボンディングワイヤの接合構造及び接合方法 |
WO2013058020A1 (ja) | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-25 | 富士電機株式会社 | 半導体装置および半導体装置製造方法 |
US9230892B2 (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2016-01-05 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same |
US9257403B2 (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-02-09 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Copper ball bond interface structure and formation |
JP2015144199A (ja) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | サンケン電気株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
-
2015
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