JP4771301B2 - Turret tool post - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a turret tool post for indexing a tool of a machine tool and driving a rotary tool.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a turret tool post for indexing a machine tool and driving a rotary tool, the tool post main body and the tool post main body are rotatably supported, and the rotary tool and the cutting tool are predetermined in the circumferential direction. A turret mounted at intervals, a clamping means for clamping the turret to a predetermined turning index position with respect to the tool post body, a turret turning electric motor, a rotary tool driving electric motor, and a clamping means for fixing the turret It is provided with a hydraulic drive mechanism for driving, and is roughly driven by three drive devices. However, in recent years, a technique has been proposed in which a hydraulic drive mechanism is abolished and machined in a machine tool. The main reason for this is that, in a machine tool using a hydraulic drive mechanism, the hydraulic device for supplying pressure oil is always operated, so that the power consumption of the equipment increases. Reasons include the generation of noise from the hydraulic device, the deterioration of the working environment due to oil leakage, and the occurrence of problems such as unstable operation of the tool post due to changes in operating speed due to changes in the temperature of hydraulic oil. Furthermore, there is a problem of preventing deterioration of machining accuracy due to a temperature rise of the hydraulic device and the hydraulic drive mechanism itself.
[0003]
As a turret tool post in which the hydraulic drive mechanism for driving the clamping means for fixing the turret is abolished, one described in JP-A-11-239905 is known.
[0004]
A turret tool post described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-239905 includes a first and second electric motors provided on a tool post body, and a driving force of the first electric motor is transmitted to a clamping unit to thereby transmit a turret by the clamping unit. First transmission means for clamping and unclamping, second transmission means for rotating the turret by transmitting the driving force of the second electric motor to the turret, and rotation by transmitting the driving force of the second electric motor to the rotary tool And a third transmission means for rotationally driving the tool, thereby performing turret clamping, unclamping, turning of the turret, and rotational driving of the rotary tool without using a hydraulic mechanism.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the above-described conventional turret tool post uses two electric motors, there is a problem that the size of the turret tool post becomes large and the size of the machine tool itself also becomes large. Furthermore, since an amplifier device for driving the two electric motors is required, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a turret tool post that can solve the above-described problems and can reduce the size of a turret tool post itself and a machine tool equipped with the turret tool post and can reduce manufacturing costs. .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A turret turret according to the invention of claim 1 comprises a turret body, a turret that is rotatably supported by the turret body, and in which a rotary tool and a cutting tool are attached at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction; In the turret turret comprising clamp means for clamping at a predetermined turning index position with respect to the turret body,
One electric motor provided on the tool post body, first transmission means for transmitting and driving the motor to the clamping means, and clamping and unclamping the turret by the clamping means, and transmitting the driving force of the electric motor to the turret Second transmission means for turning the turret, third transmission means for transmitting the driving force of the electric motor to the rotary tool to rotationally drive the rotary tool, and first clutch means provided in the first transmission means, And a second clutch means provided in the second transmission means. The first clutch means is in a connected state and the second clutch means is in a disconnected state, whereby the turret is clamped and unfastened by the clamp means. Clamping is performed to bring the second clutch means into a connected state and the first clutch means into a disconnected state, thereby turning the turret so that both clutch means are In the disconnected state is one in which has been made the rotating tool to rotate.
[0008]
A turret tool post according to a second aspect of the present invention is a tool post body that moves along a predetermined coordinate axis of a machine tool, is rotatably supported by the tool post body, and the rotary tool and the cutting tool are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. A turret with a turret mounted on the turret turret and a clamping means for clamping the turret at a predetermined swivel index position with respect to the turret body. A drive shaft that is rotatably supported and driven by the driving force of the electric motor, a first gear that is coaxially and fixedly provided on the drive shaft, and rotates to the tool post body so as to be parallel to the drive shaft A first rotary shaft that is freely supported, a second gear that is coaxially and rotatably provided on the first rotary shaft, and that meshes with the first gear; and an axial distance from the second gear. 1st It is provided coaxially and rotatably on the shaft, and is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft at an axial distance from the third gear for operating the clamping means, the first gear and the second gear. A fourth gear for rotating the turret, a second rotation shaft rotatably supported by the tool post main body so as to be parallel to the drive shaft, and coaxially fixed to the second rotation shaft A fifth gear meshing with the first gear, a first clutch means provided between the second gear and the third gear, and between the first rotating shaft and the second gear. A second clutch means provided, and a third clutch means provided between the second rotating shaft and the rotary tool, wherein the first clutch means is connected and the second clutch means and Each third clutch means is disengaged. Thus, the turret is clamped and unclamped by the clamping means, the second clutch means is brought into a connected state, and the first clutch means and the third clutch means are brought into a disengaged state, respectively. To rotate the turret to bring the third clutch means into the connected state and the first clutch means and the third clutch means to be in the disconnected state, so that only the rotary tool is rotated by the rotation of the second rotating shaft. This is what is done.
[0009]
According to the first and second aspects of the invention, one electric motor can perform turret clamping, unclamping, turret turning, and driving of a rotating tool at a predetermined turning index position. Compared to the conventional one used, the turret tool post can be downsized, and the entire machine tool can be downsized. In addition, the number of the two electric motors and the amplifier device for driving them can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
1 is a front view of a turret tool post according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. In the following description, the left side of FIG. 2 is the front and the right side is the rear.
[0012]
1 to 3, the turret tool post includes a tool post body (101) having a stepped cylindrical through hole (101 a) extending in the front-rear direction and having a rear portion having a larger diameter than the front portion, and the tool post main body. A turret (102) pivotably supported by (101), a clamping means for clamping the turret (102) at a predetermined pivot indexing position with respect to the tool post body (101), and an upper side of the tool post main body (101) And an electric motor (119) attached to the part.
[0013]
A cylindrical support member (103) is inserted into the through hole (101a) of the tool post body (101) from the rear, and an outward flange (103a) integrally formed at the rear end of the support member (103) Is fixed to a portion around the through hole (101a) on the rear surface of the tool post body (101). A gap of a predetermined size is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the through hole (101a) and the outer peripheral surface of the support member (103).
[0014]
The turret (102) is formed integrally with the turret body (102a) in which a plurality of tool mounting holes (107) are formed at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction on the front surface, and is extended to the rear, In addition, the support member 103 includes a swivel shaft portion 102b that is rotatably supported by a pair of front and rear bearings 104. A rotary tool (105) or a cutting tool (106) is attached to the tool attachment hole (107). 1 and 2 show a state in which only one rotary tool (105) and one cutting tool (106) are attached.
[0015]
The clamping means is configured as follows. A thick cylindrical portion (109) is integrally formed in a portion around the through hole (101a) on the front surface of the tool post body (101), and on the outer peripheral side portion on the front surface of the thick cylindrical portion (109), A large number of teeth (109a) are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. An annular rear protrusion (102c) is integrally formed on the rear surface of the turret body (102a), and a ring (115) is fixed to the rear protrusion (102c). The inner peripheral side portion (108) of the ring (115) protrudes radially inward from the rear protrusion (102c), and its front surface is located on the same vertical plane as the front surface of the thick cylindrical portion (109). is doing. A large number of teeth (108a) are formed on the front surface of the inner peripheral side portion (108) of the ring (115) at intervals in the circumferential direction. A cylindrical member (112) is slidably fitted in the front-rear direction on the outside of the support member (103). The cylindrical member (112) is moved in the front-rear direction with respect to the tool post body (101) by the key (170), but is not rotated. The outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member (112) is in sliding contact with the front end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the through hole (101a). An outward flange (110) is integrally formed at the front end of the cylindrical member (112), and the thick cylindrical portion (109) of the tool post body (101) is formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the rear surface of the outward flange (110). ) And a plurality of teeth (110a) that mesh with the teeth (108a) of the ring (115) fixed to the turret body (102a) at intervals in the circumferential direction. The outward flange (110) of the cylindrical member (112) moves a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction in the annular groove (102d) on the rear surface of the turret body (102a), and the teeth (110a ) Meshes with both the thick cylindrical portion (109) and the teeth (109a) (108a) of the ring (115), and in the advanced position, the tooth (110a) and the thick cylindrical portion (109) and the ring (115) The engagement with the teeth (109a) and (108a) is released. Therefore, the turret (102) is fixed to the turret body (101) (clamp) (see FIG. 2) when the cylindrical member (112) is in the retracted position, and the turret body of the turret (102) when it is in the advanced position. (101) is released (unclamped) (see FIG. 3).
[0016]
The cylindrical member (112) can be moved in the front-rear direction as follows. Around the cylindrical member (112), a cylindrical member moving gear (139) is rotatably supported by the tool post body (101) via a bearing (160). A slide screw (113) is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the central through hole in the boss portion of the cylindrical member moving gear (139) and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member (112). When the cylindrical member moving gear (139) rotates, the cylindrical member (112) is moved in the front-rear direction by the action of the slide screw (113). A first non-excited electromagnetic brake (114) is provided between the rear end of the cylindrical member moving gear (139) and the outward flange (110) of the support member (103).
[0017]
A drive shaft (121) extending in the front-rear direction is rotatably supported at the lower end of the tool post body (101). A belt (123) is hung on a pulley (122) fixed to the rear end of the drive shaft (121) and a pulley (120) fixed to an output shaft facing the rear of the electric motor (119), The drive shaft (121) is rotated about its axis via the belt (123) and the pulleys (120) and (121) by the driving force of the electric motor (119). A first gear (124) is fixed to the front portion of the drive shaft (121).
[0018]
A first rotating shaft (117) extending in the front-rear direction is rotatably supported on the tool post body (101) obliquely above the drive shaft (121). As shown in FIG. 5, a second gear (125) meshing with the first gear (124) is coaxially and rotatably mounted around the first rotating shaft (117) via a bearing (136). ing. Further, in front of the second gear (125), a third gear (138) meshing with the cylindrical member moving gear (139) is coaxially arranged via a bearing (137) around the first rotating shaft (117). It is mounted on and rotatable. Further, a fourth gear (118) for turning the turret (102) is fixed to the front end portion of the first rotating shaft (117). The teeth of the fourth gear (118) mesh with a large number of teeth (116) formed at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the ring (115) fixed to the turret (102), and perform the first rotation. The rotational force of the shaft (117) is transmitted to the turret (102) via the fourth gear (118) and the ring (115), thereby turning the turret (102). A second non-excitation electromagnetic brake (155) is provided between the rear end of the first rotating shaft (117) and the tool post body (101).
[0019]
A second rotating shaft (127) extending in the front-rear direction is rotatably supported by the tool post body (101) behind the processing position of the rotary tool (105). A fifth gear (126) that meshes with the first gear (124) is fixed to the rear end of the second rotating shaft (127).
[0020]
A first electromagnetic clutch (142) is provided between the second gear (125) and the third gear (138), and a second electromagnetic clutch is provided between the first rotating shaft (117) and the second gear (125). (143) is provided. A third electromagnetic clutch (129) is provided between the second rotating shaft (127) and the rotating tool (105).
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 5, the first electromagnetic clutch (142) is fixed to the tool post body (101) and is rotatable with respect to a third gear (138) that also serves as a rotor via a bearing (150). The field core (145), the electromagnetic coil (144) housed in the field core (145), and the second gear (125) are arranged on the front side and connected to the second gear (125) by the spline (148). And an armature (147) that moves in the front-rear direction but does not rotate with respect to the second gear (125), and a coil spring (149) that biases the armature (147) backward. Between the rear surface of the third gear (138) and the front surface of the armature (147), there is provided a meshing portion (140) including a claw and a concave portion that mesh with each other.
[0022]
Similarly, as shown in FIG. 5, the second electromagnetic clutch (143) is fixed around the first rotating shaft (117) to the rotor (151) fixed by the key (152) and the tool post body (101). And a field core (166) made rotatable with respect to the rotor (151) via a bearing (165), an electromagnetic coil (167) housed in the field core (166), and a second gear (125 And an armature (154) which is connected to the second gear (125) by the spline (153) and moves in the front-rear direction but does not rotate with respect to the second gear (125), A coil spring (168) for urging the armature (154) forward. Between the front surface of the rotor (151) and the rear surface of the armature (154), there is provided a meshing portion (141) composed of a claw and a recess that mesh with each other.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 4, the third electromagnetic clutch (129) is fixed to the rotor (132) fixed by the key (171) around the second rotating shaft (127) and the tool post body (101). And a field core (131) that is rotatable with respect to the rotor (132) via a bearing (135), an electromagnetic coil (130) housed in the field core (131), and a front side of the rotor (132). And an armature (133) that is connected to the second rotating shaft (127) by the spline (172) and moves in the front-rear direction but does not rotate with respect to the second rotating shaft (127), and an armature (133 ) Is biased forward. Between the front end surface of the armature (133) and the rear end surface of the rotary tool (105), there is provided a meshing portion (128) composed of a claw and a recess that mesh with each other.
[0024]
Note that the first to third electromagnetic clutches 142, 143, and 129 are known ones and will not be described in detail.
[0025]
The operation of the turret tool post having the above configuration will be described.
[0026]
When the machine tool is stopped, the cylindrical member (112) is in the retracted position, and the teeth (110a) of the outward flange (110) are connected to the thick cylindrical portion (109) and the ring (115) of the tool post body (101). The teeth (109a) and (108a) are simultaneously meshed with each other (see FIG. 2), and the energization of the first electromagnetic brake (114) is stopped, so that the cylindrical member moving gear (139) is fixed. A cylindrical member (112) is fixed. The energization of the second electromagnetic brake (155) is also stopped, and the first rotating shaft (117) is also fixed. Of course, the electric motor (119) is also stopped.
[0027]
When operating the machine tool and turning the turret (102) to move the predetermined tool to the machining position, the first electromagnetic brake (114) is first energized to rotate the cylindrical member moving gear (139). By doing so, the cylindrical member (112) can be moved in the front-rear direction. Next, the first electromagnetic clutch (142) is energized to bring it into a connected state, and the electric motor (119) is operated. At this time, the second and third electromagnetic clutches (143) and (129) are kept disconnected. Then, the drive shaft (121) is rotated by the electric motor (119) via the pulleys (120), (122) and the belt (123), and the second gear (125) meshed with the first gear (124) is rotated. The third gear (138) rotates with respect to the first rotating shaft (117) and the third gear (138) rotates with respect to the first rotating shaft (117) by the action of the first electromagnetic clutch (142). The meshed cylindrical member moving gear (139) rotates. As a result, the cylindrical member (112) is moved forward by the action of the slide screw (113), and the teeth (110a) of the outward flange (110) and the thick-walled cylindrical portion (109) of the tool post body (101) Then, the engagement of the ring (115) with the teeth (109a) (108a) is released, and the turret (102) is in an unclamped state (see FIGS. 3 and 5).
[0028]
Next, the second electromagnetic brake (155) is energized to turn the first rotating shaft (117) in a rotatable state, the first electromagnetic clutch (142) is de-energized and disconnected. The second electromagnetic clutch (143) is energized to make it connected. Then, the rotational force of the drive shaft (121) is transmitted to the first rotation shaft (117) via the first gear (124), the second gear (125) and the second electromagnetic clutch (143), and the first rotation shaft. (117) is rotated. As a result, the fourth gear (118) rotates with the first rotating shaft (117), and the teeth of the fourth gear (118) are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ring (115) fixed to the turret (102). Since the teeth (116) are engaged with each other, the rotational force of the first rotating shaft (117) is transmitted to the turret (102) via the fourth gear (118) and the ring (115), thereby the turret (102). Is turned.
[0029]
When the turret (102) is turned to a predetermined indexing position, first, power to the second electromagnetic brake (155) is stopped to fix the first rotating shaft (117) and to the second electromagnetic clutch (143). Is turned off to make it disconnected, and further, the first electromagnetic clutch 142 is turned on to make it connected. When the electric motor (119) is rotated in the direction opposite to that when the cylindrical member (112) is moved forward, the rotational force of the drive shaft (121) is changed to the first gear (124) and the second gear (125). The cylindrical member moving gear (139) is transmitted to the cylindrical member moving gear (139) via the third gear (138), and the cylindrical member moving gear (139) is rotated, and the cylindrical member (112) is operated by the slide screw (113). Moves backward to reach the retracted position. As a result, the teeth of the outward flange (110) simultaneously mesh with the thick cylindrical portion (109) of the tool post body (101) and the teeth (109a) (108a) of the ring (115), and the turret (102) is clamped. (See FIG. 2). When the turret (102) is clamped, the energization to the first electromagnetic brake (114) is stopped and the cylindrical member (112) is fixed by fixing the cylindrical member moving gear (139) in the rotational direction. . Thus, the turret (102) is clamped at a predetermined turning index position.
[0030]
When machining with the rotary tool (105), turn the turret (102) in the same manner as above so that the rotary tool (105) is at the predetermined machining position, and after clamping at the index position, The energization of the first and second electromagnetic clutches 142, 143 is stopped to bring them into a disconnected state. Next, the third electromagnetic clutch (129) is energized to bring it into a connected state. Thus, the rotary tool (105) is rotated, and the workpiece is processed.
[0031]
In the above, it is preferable to use a servo motor as the electric motor (119). The servo motor has a built-in rotational position detector that detects the rotational position of the output shaft. By using the absolute position detector, not only the rotational position of the motor position but also the motor rotates multiple times. The absolute position can be detected. Therefore, the second gear (125) can be stopped at a predetermined position where the meshing portion (140) of the first electromagnetic clutch (142) and the meshing portion (141) of the second electromagnetic clutch (143) are reliably meshed. Further, the turret turning angle by the rotation of the first rotating shaft (117) can be accurately determined.
[0032]
In the above embodiment, an electromagnetic clutch is used as the clutch means. However, instead of this, a clutch provided with an actuator using air pressure generally used in a factory may be used.
[0033]
Furthermore, in the above embodiment, as a clamping means for clamping the turret (102) to a predetermined turning index position, an outward flange (110) integrally formed with a cylindrical member (112) moving in the front-rear direction, a cutter Three members, the thick cylindrical portion (109) formed on the base body (101) and the ring (115), are used. Instead, this is described in JP-A-11-239905. The turret (102) is moved in the turret axial direction, and the annular movable coupling is fixed to the turret (102), and the annular fixed coupling is fixed to the tool post body (101), A so-called two-piece coupling having a structure in which these couplings are attached and detached by the axial movement of the turret (102) may be employed.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the turret tool post of the first and second aspects of the invention, by eliminating the hydraulic mechanism, the power consumption can be reduced, the working environment free from noise and oil leakage, and the stable control of the tool post. Can be achieved. In addition, it is possible to improve processing accuracy by preventing temperature rise. In addition, the turret turning operation, the driving of the rotary tool, and the clamping operation for fixing the turret at a predetermined angle of the tool post can be performed by one electric motor, so the number of electric motors and electric motor drive amplifiers used can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to provide a turret tool post that achieves miniaturization and cost reduction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a turret tool post according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
4 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;
[Explanation of symbols]
(101): Turret body
(102): Turret
(105): Rotating tool
(106): Cutting tool
(108a): Teeth
(109): Thick cylindrical part
(109a): Teeth
(110): outward flange
(110a): Teeth
(112): Cylindrical member
(113): Sliding screw
(115): Ring
(116): Teeth
(117): First rotation axis
(118): Fourth gear
(119): Electric motor
(120) (122): Pulley
(121): Drive shaft
(123): Belt
(124): 1st gear
(125): Second gear
(126): 5th gear
(127): Second rotation axis
(129) (142) (143): Electromagnetic clutch
(138): Third gear
(139): Cylindrical member moving gear

Claims (2)

The turret body, a turret that is rotatably supported by the turret body, and a rotating tool and a cutting tool are attached at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and a predetermined turning index position of the turret with respect to the turret body A turret tool post with clamping means for clamping to
One electric motor provided on the tool post body, first transmission means for transmitting and driving the motor to the clamping means, and clamping and unclamping the turret by the clamping means, and transmitting the driving force of the electric motor to the turret Second transmission means for turning the turret, third transmission means for transmitting the driving force of the electric motor to the rotary tool to rotationally drive the rotary tool, and first clutch means provided in the first transmission means, And a second clutch means provided in the second transmission means. The first clutch means is in a connected state and the second clutch means is in a disconnected state, whereby the turret is clamped and unfastened by the clamp means. Clamping is performed to bring the second clutch means into a connected state and the first clutch means into a disconnected state, thereby turning the turret so that both clutch means are In the disconnected state is, the turret tool rest that is adapted to rotate the tool to rotate. A turret body that moves along a predetermined coordinate axis of a machine tool, a turret that is rotatably supported by the turret body, and in which a rotating tool and a cutting tool are attached at intervals in the circumferential direction; A turret tool post provided with clamping means for clamping at a predetermined swivel index position with respect to the pedestal main body, one electric motor provided on the turret main body, rotatably supported by the turret main body, and driven by the driving force of the electric motor A driving shaft to be driven, a first gear coaxially and fixedly provided on the driving shaft, and a first rotating shaft rotatably supported by the tool post body so as to be parallel to the driving shaft. The second rotation gear is coaxially and rotatably provided on the first rotation shaft, and the second rotation gear meshes with the first gear, and the second rotation gear is axially spaced apart from the first rotation shaft. Provided in Both are provided coaxially and fixedly with respect to the first rotating shaft at an axial distance from the third gear for operating the clamping means, the first gear and the second gear, and the fourth gear for rotating the turret. And a second rotating shaft rotatably supported by the tool post main body so as to be parallel to the driving shaft, and coaxially and fixedly provided on the second rotating shaft and meshing with the first gear. A fifth clutch, a first clutch means provided between the second gear and the third gear, a second clutch means provided between the first rotating shaft and the second gear, A third clutch means provided between the two rotary shafts and the rotary tool, wherein the first clutch means is connected and the second clutch means and the third clutch means are respectively disconnected. By the turret of the clamping means Ramp and unclamp, turn the turret by rotating the first rotating shaft and the fourth gear by putting the second clutch means in the connected state and the first clutch means and the third clutch means in the disconnected state, respectively. The turret cutter is configured to rotate only the rotary tool by the rotation of the second rotating shaft by setting the third clutch means to the connected state and setting the first clutch means and the third clutch means to the disconnected state. Stand.

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