JP4765841B2 - Wall structure of buildings such as houses - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building such as a house, and in particular, a wall excellent in earthquake resistance and the like suitable for a unit house constructed by assembling a plurality of preformed housing units at a construction site. Concerning structure.

Buildings such as houses are required to have various functions such as earthquake resistance, fire resistance or crime prevention in addition to the habitability, and recently, these safety-related demands tend to become more and more intense. In addition, there is a unit house that assembles and constructs multiple housing units such as floor panel members and wall panel members formed in advance in factories, etc., in response to requests for speeding up construction of residential buildings and economic efficiency. Widely used. Even in such unit housing, improvement in safety, such as earthquake resistance, is required along with improvement in habitability.

  A wall structure in a building such as a house is a structure in which a wall material serving as a wall surface is fitted into a framework of a ramen structure composed of columns and beams in a general house. The wall panels of unit houses often have a sandwich structure in which an inner plate and an outer plate are fixed on both sides of a steel or timber frame structure, and a heat insulating material or the like is embedded in the center. The thickness of the wall structure is relatively thin due to the necessity of securing a living space, and even a thick one is about 150 mm.

The wall of the building not only prevents the ingress of wind and rain by simply blocking the inside of the building and the outside world, but also needs to firmly support the entire building so as to prevent damage due to earthquakes, for example. It must have sufficient strength and rigidity. For the purpose of increasing the seismic strength of the wall, it is a common practice to install braces, but various other techniques have been developed to improve the seismic resistance of the wall. No. 5-331982.

The load-bearing wall of the earthquake-resistant structure shown in the above publication will be described with reference to FIG. The bearing wall includes a frame structure 101 having a rigid frame structure including left and right columns and beams fixed above and below the frame, and a reinforcing frame 102 is fitted into the frame structure 101 and fixed. In addition, a back plate 104 having a staggered iron plate plate 103 is fixed to the back surface of the frame body 101 that is the outside of the house. The reinforcement frame 102 attached in close contact with the inside of the frame body 101 of the ramen structure and the back plate 104 attached so as to cover the entire back surface of the ramen structure increase the rigidity and strength of the wall structure. Increases earthquake resistance. The back plate 104 is provided with a soundproofing / fireproofing function.

The reinforcing frame 102 has a thickness that is approximately the same as the thickness of the pillars and the like of the frame body 101. A plurality of shelves and the like are installed in the reinforcing frame 102 so that the space formed by the reinforcing frame 102 and the back plate 104 is used as a storage space, and the storage space is opened and closed on the indoor side surface of the house. The door 105 is provided, and the rigidity of the wall structure is further increased by providing a shelf or a door. A wall structure that uses a portion between pillars of a building as a storage space is also disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-180036.
JP-A-5-331982 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-180036

The vibration caused by the earthquake acts on the foundation of the building as vertical and horizontal vibrations. Among them, the shaking in the lateral direction does not always occur in the direction along the wall surface of the building, and sometimes vibration in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface, so-called out-of-plane vibration occurs. In the load-bearing wall as shown in FIG. 6, with respect to vibration along the wall surface, the rigidity is improved by the presence of the reinforcing frame 102 and the back plate 104 on the back surface, so that vibration resistance can be ensured. However, when vibration in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface, as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 6, moment load or the like due to the vibration acts in the thickness direction of the frame structure 101 having a rigid frame structure. Since the thickness of the skeleton body 101 is basically equal to the thickness of the column, a large stress is generated in the base portion of the skeleton body 101 with the action of moment load or the like.

Further, when the wall portion between the pillars of the building is used as the storage space, the thickness of the column and the thickness of the wall portion are about 150 mm at most, so that the storage space has a very small depth. Therefore, the articles to be stored are limited to small articles or items having a small depth, and the usability as a storage is not very good.
An object of the present invention is to solve such problems in a wall portion of a house, and to provide a wall structure that is suitable as a wall unit of a house and that has excellent earthquake resistance and has a sufficient storage function.

In view of the above-described problems, the present invention has a structure in which a plurality of frames made of a vertically long rectangular frame structure are arranged at intervals, and the corners of the plurality of frames are connected by a long connection member. The present invention provides a wall structure in which a unit body is configured and a wall panel is attached to the outside of a connecting unit. That is, the present invention
"The wall structure that constitutes the wall part of the building,
Three or more frames made of a rectangular frame structure whose sides on both sides are longer than the upper and lower sides are arranged at intervals, and four corners of each of the frames are arranged on the frame. It is provided with a connecting unit body formed by connecting with connecting members extending all over,
The sides corresponding to the outside of the building on both sides of the frame of the connecting unit body are attached to the outside with a wall panel, and the side corresponding to the indoor side of the building is at least partially open.
The space between the frames is used as a storage space. ''
The wall structure is characterized by this.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the frame body is a wood assembly in which both sides and upper and lower sides are made of wood plates, and steel joints are fixed to the joint portions on both sides and upper and lower sides. Can be configured. In this case, as described in claim 3, it is preferable to dispose the wood assemblies on both sides of the steel fitting.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the connecting member may be an angle member of a steel material having an L-shaped cross section that is fitted into corners of the plurality of frames.

As described in claim 5, the wall structure of the present invention is suitable as a wall structure to be installed on both opposing side surfaces of a living space in a unit house. In a unit house having such a wall structure, an opening unit having a glass sash body and an external electric blind can be installed on at least one side surface of the living space. .

In the wall structure of the present invention, three or more frames made of a rectangular structure having a rectangular shape that is longer on both sides than the upper and lower sides, that is, a vertically long rectangular shape, are arranged at intervals, and four corners of the frame are formed. is intended to the connection unit bodies linked respectively by connecting elongated member extending across all of the frame body and the basic structural element, the connecting unit body is disposed in a wall portion of a building such as a house It functions as a support member that supports the roof or upper floor. The conventional wall structure is a so-called plate-like structure in which the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface is relatively small, whereas the connecting unit body of the present invention has a rectangular frame body perpendicular to the wall surface. It is arranged in a direction and connected by a connecting member extending over the entire frame body, and has an overall structure of a box shape as a whole. In such a structure, external forces in various directions are dispersed and act on each part. Therefore, the amount of deformation with respect to the external force is reduced, and the rigidity of the entire wall structure is dramatically increased.

Thus, in the wall structure of the present invention, the rectangular frame body of the connecting unit body is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface, and the wall thickness is greatly increased. Therefore, when a vibration in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface occurs due to the shaking of the earthquake, the moment load due to the vibration is supported by the frame body, and the stress generated in the foundation part is the foundation in the conventional plate-like wall structure. Compared to the stress generated in the part, it is greatly reduced. Therefore, the wall structure of the present invention is excellent in strength and rigidity against shaking in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface.

In the connecting unit body of the present invention, the other side surface of the frame body, that is, the indoor side opposite to the side on which the wall panel is attached is opened, and the space between the frame bodies is used as a storage space. Since the frame has a large dimension in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface, the depth of the storage space is sufficient, and various articles can be stored, and the usability as a storage space is greatly improved. Further, the frame body has a ramen structure in which both sides and upper and lower sides exist in the periphery, and the central portion forms a hollow central space. Since the central spaces of the plurality of frames in the connection unit body are aligned along the direction of the wall surface, piping, electrical wiring, and the like can be performed through this space. For example, air-conditioning and other air conditioning piping required for housing, water and sewage piping, etc., can be installed in the periphery of the central space of the frame in parallel with the wall surface and fixed to the frame. .

The frame body in the connection unit body has a simple shape, and the connection unit body can be easily manufactured as a standard product in a factory or the like. By adjusting the dimensions of the frame and the distance between the frames, it is possible to manufacture a connecting unit body that has been appropriately changed in rigidity and strength corresponding to the purpose of use of the building or the size of the storage space. is there. The length in the wall surface direction of the connecting unit body can also be easily changed.

As in the invention of claim 2, the frame is a wood assembly in which both sides and upper and lower sides are made of wood plates, and steel joints such as L When the mold is fixed and configured, rigidity and the like are ensured by the steel joint, so that a board such as thinned wood can be used without using thick solid wood for the frame. Therefore, an excellent wall structure can be constructed from the environmental aspect such as forest resource protection. When the wood assemblies are arranged on both sides of the steel fitting as in the third aspect of the invention, a three-layer structure in which the steel is sandwiched in between is provided, and the rigidity of the frame is further improved.

The invention of claim 4 uses an angle member of an L-shaped steel material as a connecting member for connecting the corners of a plurality of frames, and fixes the steel material having an L-shaped cross-section to be fitted into the corners of the frame. Is. The connection unit body has a strength and the like greatly increased due to the presence of the steel angle material, and long wood is unnecessary, which is desirable from the viewpoint of protecting forest resources.

In the invention of claim 5, the wall structure of the present invention is applied as a wall unit on both side surfaces facing each other in a living space in a unit house. The wall structure of the present invention has excellent earthquake resistance and also functions as a storage space. Therefore, in such a unit house, it is possible to effectively use the living space by storing furniture in the wall structure. It becomes. Further, as in the invention of claim 6, when an opening unit provided with a glass sash body and an external electric blind is installed in an opening serving as an entrance / exit of a living space, a unit house is constructed. It becomes easy and the safety of the house is further increased.

Hereinafter, the wall structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the wall structure of the present invention, and shows a connecting unit body of the wall structure as a center for easy understanding. In FIG. 2, the top view and front view of the unit house which uses the wall structure of this invention are shown with a cross section. 3 is a detailed view of a frame used for the wall structure, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the wall structure.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wall structure of the present invention, three or more (here four) of the frame 1 of aligning at intervals, the four corners of the plurality of frame 1, all of the frame A connecting unit body 3 connected by a connecting member 2 extending over the body 1 is provided. The frame 1 has a vertically long rectangular frame structure, that is, the sides 11 and 12 on both sides have a square shape longer than the upper side 13 and the lower side 14, and a central space 15 is formed at the center. In this embodiment, the frame bodies 1 are arranged at equal intervals, and an angle member of an L-shaped steel material fitted as a connecting member 2 at the four corners connects and integrates the plurality of frame bodies 1. Thereby, the connection unit body 3 has a box-shaped integrated structure as a whole.
The connecting unit body 3 is installed on a wall portion of a building such as a house, and a wall panel 4 (two points) having functions such as soundproofing and heat insulation is provided outside the side 12 corresponding to the outside of the building. A chain line) is attached. On the other hand, the side 11 side corresponding to the indoor side of the building is basically open, and the space between the frames 1 can be used as the storage space 5. A door 6 (two-dot chain line) is provided on the indoor side of the storage space 5 as necessary.

In FIG. 2, sectional drawing of the whole unit house provided with the wall structure of this invention is shown. In this unit house, as shown in the cross section of the plan view, the opening unit 7 is installed in two sides of the central living space S, and the wall structure of the present invention is a wall portion on opposite side surfaces of the unit house. Has been applied. The unit house has a two-story structure, and the connecting unit body 3 functions as a strength member that supports the floor part of the second floor and supports the entire unit house.
Since the connecting unit body 3 has a box-type structure composed of the frame body 1 and the connection member 2 and can receive various external forces acting on the unit house in a distributed manner, its rigidity and strength are very large. In particular, the connecting unit body 3 has dimensions corresponding to the upper and lower sides 13 and 14 of the frame body 1 in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface, and the thickness is greatly increased compared to the conventional wall. As a result, the housing unit has sufficient rigidity to hold the housing unit firmly against vibrations perpendicular to the wall surface due to the earthquake. In addition, as the connection member 2 of the connection unit body 3, it replaces with the angle material of the cross-section L-shaped steel material in FIG. 1, and as shown in the modification of FIG. A member may be used and disposed above and below the four corners of the frame 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, the frame body 1 of this embodiment is a wood assembly in which the sides 11 and 12 on both sides and the upper and lower sides 13 and 14 are made of wood boards. Steel joints 16 each having an L shape are fixed to the joints of the sides 13 and 14 with bolts, an adhesive, or the like. Two wood assemblies are arranged in a stacked manner, and the joint fitting 16 is located in the middle thereof. In this embodiment, an L-shaped joint metal fitting is used, but a triangular joint metal fitting can also be used.
As described above, since the frame 1 has a three-layer structure in which a steel material is sandwiched between the wood assemblies, even if the wood plate is a relatively thin one manufactured from thinned wood or the like, It is possible to ensure the rigidity of the frame body 1. In this embodiment, the wood assemblies are arranged on both sides of the joint fitting 16, but may be arranged only on one side. In some cases, it is also possible to employ a metal frame or a frame made by combining solid columnar wood.

  FIG. 4A shows an example of the wall panel 4 attached to the outside of the connection unit body 3. This wall panel 4 is a panel having a multilayer structure, and is provided with an inner wall material 41 made of gypsum board, a brace 42 of a reinforcing bar, a heat insulating material 43, and an exterior material 44 in order from the indoor side, and there is a ventilation between them. Layers and trunk edges are appropriately arranged. Since the brace 42 of the reinforcing bar is provided, the rigidity of the wall structure is further increased, and the heat transfer between the indoor and outdoor is blocked by the heat insulating material 43. Of course, the wall panel 4 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4A, and various types of panels can be employed according to requirements such as soundproofing and decorativeness.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the connecting unit 3 can easily manufacture units of various standards by changing the dimensions of the frame 1. For example, three types of connection unit bodies 3 are prepared in which the length in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface of the frame body 1 is changed to 300 mm, 450 mm, and 600 mm with respect to the interval between the frame bodies 1 in the connection unit body 3 set to 900 mm. Depending on the use of the wall part in the house, the required strength, etc., it can be used properly. It is also easy to change the interval between the plurality of frames 1.

In the connecting unit body 3 of the present invention, the space between the frame bodies 1 is used as the storage space 5, shelves and partitions are installed as necessary, and a door 6 is provided on the indoor side. Since the frame 1 has a large dimension in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface, various kinds of articles can be accommodated in the storage space 5, and built-in living facilities such as a washstand and kitchen equipment can also be accommodated. Furthermore, as indicated by a symbol P in FIG. 1, an air conditioning pipe such as an air conditioner can be installed and fixed to the frame body 1 in parallel with the wall surface so as to penetrate the central space 15 of the plurality of frame bodies 1. If piping, wiring, and the like are performed in this way, the installation work is simplified, and there is no need to disassemble the wall for maintenance and repair.

Here, in the unit house shown in FIG. 2, the structure of the opening unit 7 used together with the wall structure of the present invention will be described based on FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2 of the opening unit 7 installed on the side surface of the living space S.
The opening unit 7 is composed of a glass sash body 71 having a height over substantially the entire height of the opening, and an external electric blind 72 installed on the outside thereof. The external electric blind 72 has an operation unit or the like attached to the upper heel portion of the glass sash body 71 and unitized with the glass sash body 71. The glass sash body 71 is provided with a multilayer glass.

The external electric blind 72 has a large number of blades 73 arranged in the vertical direction, and the blade 73 is moved in the vertical direction by an electric motor and its angle is adjusted. The external electric blind 72 has safety functions such as intruder prevention and fire prevention. For this reason, the blade 73 has a robust structure made of steel. The operation unit of the external electric blind 72 is equipped with a light sensor, a heat sensor, and the like, and changes to a state where the blade 73 can be ventilated by detecting sunlight, or detects the heat of a fire to prevent fire. Therefore, control such as closing the entire blind is automatically executed.

As described above in detail, the wall structure of the present invention has three or more vertically long rectangular frames aligned and arranged, and the four corners of all the frames are connected by long connecting members, respectively. Thus, a connecting unit body is constructed, and a wall panel is attached to the outside of the connecting unit to improve the overall rigidity and strength. In the above embodiment, the application as a wall unit of a unit house has been described. However, it goes without saying that the wall structure of the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to general houses and other buildings. It is apparent that various modifications can be made to the embodiments, such as using a synthetic resin as a material for the frame and the connecting member, or a material combined with the synthetic resin.

It is a perspective view which shows the wall structure of this invention. It is a sectional view of a plan view and a front view of a unit house using the wall structure of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the frame in the wall structure of this invention. It is detailed sectional drawing etc. of the wall structure of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the opening part unit used for a unit house. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the conventional bearing wall.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 11, 12 Both sides | edges 13,14 Upper and lower sides 15 Central space 16 L-shaped metal fitting 2 Connection member 3 Connection unit body 4 Wall panel 5 Storage space 6 Door 7 Opening unit

Claims (6)

A wall structure constituting a wall portion of a building,
Three or more frames made of a rectangular frame structure whose sides on both sides are longer than the upper and lower sides are arranged at intervals, and four corners of each of the frames are arranged on the frame. It is provided with a connecting unit body formed by connecting with connecting members extending all over,
The sides corresponding to the outside of the building on both sides of the frame of the connecting unit body are attached to the outside with a wall panel, and the side corresponding to the indoor side of the building is at least partially open.
A wall structure characterized in that a space between the frames is used as a storage space. 2. The frame according to claim 1, wherein the frame has a wood assembly in which both sides and upper and lower sides are made of wood plates, and steel joints are fixed to joints on both sides and upper and lower sides. The wall structure described. The wall structure according to claim 2, wherein the wood assemblies are respectively disposed on both sides of the steel fitting. The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connection member is an angle member of an L-shaped steel material that is fitted into corners of the plurality of frames. The unit house which installed the wall structure of Claim 1 in the both sides | surfaces which living space opposes. The unit house according to claim 5, wherein an opening unit including a glass sash body and an external electric blind is installed on at least one side surface of the living space.

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