JP4755219B2 - Small fish tank and small fish spawning collection method - Google Patents
Small fish tank and small fish spawning collection method Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、近年医学や生物学の研究対象として脚光を浴びているメダカやゼブラフィシュなどの実験用の小型魚、あるいは愛玩ペットとして広く飼育されている観賞用の小型魚などを飼育・繁殖させるための小型魚飼育用水槽と、該水槽を使用した小型魚産卵回収方法に関する。 The present invention breeds and breeds small experimental fish such as medaka and zebrafish, which have been in the spotlight as research subjects in medicine and biology in recent years, or small ornamental fish that are widely raised as pets. The present invention relates to a small fish breeding water tank and a small fish spawning collection method using the water tank.
従来より、メダカやゼブラフィシュが、愛玩用だけでなく発生や遺伝の研究用として、最も親しまれ広く飼育されている。 Traditionally, medaka and zebrafish have been most popular and widely bred not only for pets but also for developmental and genetic studies.
さらに近年になって、両種のゲノム解読が進み(メダカは2007年に完了)、その結果ヒトの遺伝子組成と非常に良く似ていることやヒトの遺伝病に関連するメダカやゼブラフィシュの遺伝子も数多くあることがわかった。また、遺伝子ノックアウト技術も確立され、最先端の医学・生物学研究材料としての地位を確立した。 In recent years, the genomes of both species have been deciphered (medaka was completed in 2007). As a result, the genes of medaka and zebrafish related to human genetic diseases are very similar to those of human genes. I found that there are many. In addition, gene knockout technology was established and established as a state-of-the-art medical and biological research material.
メダカやゼブラフィシュは、自身が産出した卵を、産卵直後から食べるという性質がある。従って、どのような目的であれメダカやゼブラフィシュでは、親魚が産卵した卵を親の影響が及ばない場所に置く必要がある。 Medaka and zebrafish have the property of eating their eggs immediately after they are laid. Therefore, in medaka and zebrafish for any purpose, it is necessary to place eggs laid by the parent fish in a place that is not affected by the parents.
親の影響のない場所として、3つの方法が考えられる。 There are three possible ways to avoid the influence of parents.
第1の方法は、親魚を飼育する水槽をできるだけ大きくし、小石や砂、水草などを沢山入れ微細な生息環境を多数構成することで、もとの水槽内に親の影響の及びにくい場所を形成し、卵や稚魚がそのなかに隠れることで親からの捕食をまぬがれることである。この方法は、自然界における生存原理とおなじことであり、若干の生残しか可能でない。また、遺伝学研究のように「卵そのものを使う」場合は、この方法では卵は水槽内のあちこちに散在しており回収は困難である。 The first method is to increase the size of the aquarium for raising the parent fish as much as possible, and make a lot of pebbles, sand, aquatic plants, etc. Forming and hiding eggs and larvae in it will prevent prey from parents. This method is the same as the principle of survival in nature, and only some survival is possible. In addition, when using “egg itself” as in genetics research, eggs are scattered throughout the aquarium and difficult to recover.
第2の方法は、親魚が産出卵を付着させるための水草や繊維状のマトリックスを水槽内に投入して置き、産卵が確認されたら水草ごと別の水槽に移す方法である。メダカの場合、水草の側で水草に卵を付着させるという産卵生態をもつうえ、卵自身が付着糸を有して付着性が強いため、この方法でうまく卵を親とは異なる水槽に移すことが可能である。ただし、まったく付着性のない卵を生むゼブラフィシュにはこの方法は適用できないこと、またメダカでも付着に失敗して水底に沈む卵が少なからずあることが問題である。また、卵を回収するには、水草に付着した卵を引き離す作業が必要であるが、水草の形状が立体的で複雑であり(特にホテイアオイの根などは、微細な毛根が多数あるので)、その中に卵はばらばらに着いているので、回収には時間がかかる。また、水草には様々な細菌が付着しており、それを貴重な親魚の水槽に入れることは、病原菌を持ち込むこみ親魚の死亡につながる危険性がある。 The second method is a method in which aquatic plants and a fibrous matrix for attaching the spawning eggs to the parent fish are placed in the aquarium, and when spawning is confirmed, the aquatic plants are transferred to another aquarium. Medaka has an egg-laying ecology that attaches eggs to aquatic plants on the side of the aquatic plants, and the eggs themselves have strong adhesiveness with attached yarns, so this method transfers the eggs successfully to a different aquarium from the parent. Is possible. However, the problem is that this method cannot be applied to zebrafish that produce eggs that are not sticky at all, and there are not a few eggs that have failed to stick and sink to the bottom of the medaka. In addition, in order to collect the eggs, it is necessary to separate the eggs attached to the aquatic plants, but the shape of the aquatic plants is three-dimensional and complicated (especially the roots of water hyacinth have many fine hair roots) It takes time to recover because the eggs are scattered separately. In addition, a variety of bacteria are attached to the aquatic plants, and putting them in a precious aquarium has the risk of bringing in pathogenic bacteria and leading to the death of the parent fish.
第3の方法は、親魚水槽水底の数センチ上部に「卵は通過できるが親魚は通過できない網状構造物」を形成しておき、産出された卵は網目をぬって水底に沈むが、網のために親は近づけず捕食できないようにすることである。この状態では卵は捕食されないが、その後孵化して浮上するとたちまち捕食されてしまう。仮に網目構造体の下に稚魚が留まったとしても、狭い領域ないで十分な飼料に恵まれず成長できる数は少ない。そこで、このように分離したのち、あらかじめ準備しておいた別の水槽に親魚を網で掬い取って移動させ、その後もとの水槽内の水をネットで濾しながらすべて捨ててしまい、その結果卵がネット内に全量回収される。この方法の問題点は、メダカ卵の付着性から、卵どうしが付着して塊となり、網状構造物の上部に残ってしまい捕食されることである。また回収した卵は、シャーレーなど小さな系で管理することが一般的であり、2のような方法で卵だけを回収すればシャーレーと少量の水しか必要でない。しかし本法によるならば、親魚用の新たな水槽と水さらに排水系を準備する必要があり、コストがかかることになる。
以上の3つの方法のうち、学校や家庭においてメダカを増やす場合は、主に第2の方法がとられる。ゼブラフィシュの場合は、第3の方法で水底に分離した卵を、ピペットで吸い込んで回収する方法がとられることが多い。一方、産卵された卵を確実に回収することが要求される研究機関では、第3の方法で回収されることが一般的である。
The third method is to form a “net-like structure that allows eggs to pass but cannot pass parent fish” several centimeters above the bottom of the parent fish tank. In order to prevent predators from getting close and preying. In this state, the egg is not preyed, but it will be preyed as soon as it hatches and emerges. Even if the fry stays under the mesh structure, there are few numbers that can grow without being confined to sufficient feed without a narrow area. Therefore, after separating in this way, the parent fish is scooped with a net and moved to another tank prepared in advance, and then all the water in the original tank is discarded while being filtered through the net. Is collected in the net. The problem with this method is that due to the adherence of medaka eggs, the eggs stick together to form a lump and remain on top of the net-like structure and are preyed. The collected eggs are generally managed in a small system such as a petri dish, and if only the eggs are collected by the method 2 described above, only a petri dish and a small amount of water are required. However, according to this method, it is necessary to prepare a new aquarium and water for the parent fish, and a drainage system, which is costly.
Of the above three methods, the second method is mainly used when increasing medaka at school or at home. In the case of zebrafish, a method is often used in which the eggs separated into the bottom of the water by the third method are collected by sucking with a pipette. On the other hand, in research institutions that require reliable recovery of eggs laid, they are generally recovered by the third method.
以上の3つの方法の問題点を解決するために、いくつかの従来技術が考えられている。
例えば、特許文献1は、「水槽内に水平な卵は通過できるが親魚は通過できない仕切りを設け」「この仕切りを通り抜けた卵が水槽底の一箇所に集まるように、水槽の下部に傾斜を着け」「集まった卵を、二つのピンチコックの操作で、下部に連接したチューブ内に取り出す」ことからなっている。まず、この発明では、水槽下部に卵分離のために大きな領域を設けしかも傾斜をつけることになっているが、このことで水槽の容積が大きくなるばかりか形状が歪になるので、水槽を設置するための空間は親魚用の水量(それに対する容積)に比べ非常に大きくなってしまうことが大きな問題である。家庭でも研究施設でも、「水槽を置くための場所」と「水槽の重量に耐える台の強度」は最も大きな問題であり、容積が大きくなることは両方にかかわってくる。この技術では、卵の回収を容易にする反面、重大な2つの問題を引き起こすこととなる。また、指定されている程度の傾斜角で果たして卵(とくに付着性のメダカ卵)の大部分が底に集まるか疑わしい。また、水槽内の水を全部捨ててネットで濾して卵を回収する場合でも、実際には水がなくなってもかなりの卵が水底に残ってしまい、再度水を注水して水槽を揺らして卵を集めている。このことから、この装置で仮に卵が底に集まったとしても、わずかな採卵用通路への導水(圧力)だけで卵の多数が導水路内に収容されるとは到底考えられない。
In order to solve the problems of the above three methods, several conventional techniques have been considered.
For example, Patent Document 1 states that “a partition in which a horizontal egg can pass but a parent fish cannot pass is provided in the aquarium”. "Gathering" consists of "Taking out the collected eggs into a tube connected to the lower part by operating two pinch cocks". First, in this invention, it is supposed that a large area is provided for egg separation at the bottom of the aquarium and is inclined, but this not only increases the volume of the aquarium but also distorts the shape. It is a big problem that the space for doing so becomes very large compared to the amount of water for the parent fish (volume relative to it). In both homes and research facilities, the “place for the aquarium” and “the strength of the stand that can withstand the weight of the aquarium” are the biggest problems, and the increase in volume is related to both. While this technique facilitates egg recovery, it causes two serious problems. It is also suspicious that most of the eggs (especially sticky medaka eggs) gather at the bottom at the specified tilt angle. Also, even when all the water in the aquarium is thrown away and filtered through a net to collect the eggs, even if there is no water, a considerable amount of eggs remain on the bottom of the water. Collecting. For this reason, even if eggs gather at the bottom with this device, it is unlikely that a large number of eggs will be accommodated in the water conduit by only a small amount of water (pressure) to the egg collection passage.
また、特許文献2は、「水槽内に垂直に、卵は通過できるが親魚は通過できない仕切りを設け」「水槽そのものにつけた傾斜と給水口からの給水の圧力、および排水口からの排水の引力により、卵を回収して排水口から取り出し回収する」ことからなっている。まず、傾斜を付けることにより無駄な空間を取ることになるが、前の発明に比べればたいしたことはない。明細書の記載からは、各水槽ごとに浄化装置を設けることになっており、水質に関しては一つ一つの水槽ごとに管理しなければならない。現在では、飼育や水質管理の容易さや多くの水槽をコンパクトにまとめる必要性から、個々の水槽に浄化装置や加温装置を設けず、特開平8−214726のようにユニット単位で管理することが一般化しており、ここであげた技術はそれに逆行している。さらに、空調システムでユニット内の温度をコントロールし、それにより水温を制御することを実現している。もし、水槽が閉鎖系であればこの方法も効率的かもしれないが、本技術では卵の回収のために別の系を介して注水を繰り返すことから水温変化が激しくおこるので、空調を介して温度管理は現実的でない。また水槽へ給水を行うための系を別に設けることが必要で、そのための装置の大型化やコストアップ、更にその水源をどうするのかなど様々な問題がある。 Further, Patent Document 2 states that “a partition that allows eggs to pass but cannot pass parent fish vertically is provided in the aquarium.” “Inclination attached to the aquarium itself, the pressure of water supplied from the water inlet, and the attractive force of drainage from the drain. The egg is collected and removed from the drain outlet and collected. " First of all, it is necessary to take a wasteful space by adding an inclination, but there is nothing much compared to the previous invention. From the description of the specification, a purifier is provided for each water tank, and the water quality must be managed for each water tank. At present, because of the ease of breeding and water quality management and the need to organize many aquariums in a compact manner, each aquarium is not provided with a purifier or a heating device, and can be managed in units as in JP-A-8-214726. It's generalized, and the technology mentioned here goes against it. In addition, the air-conditioning system controls the temperature inside the unit, thereby controlling the water temperature. If the aquarium is a closed system, this method may be efficient, but in this technology, the water temperature changes drastically because water injection is repeated through another system for egg recovery. Temperature management is not realistic. Moreover, it is necessary to provide a separate system for supplying water to the aquarium, and there are various problems such as increasing the size and cost of the apparatus for that purpose, and what to do with the water source.
もっとも大きな問題は、先ほどから度々述べているように、水底に付着あるいは落ちた卵の大部分をある特定の方向に移動させるには大きな水圧が必要であり、底面にこの程度の傾斜しかなく、上部から僅かな給水を短時間行ったくらいでは回収は困難である。相当量の給水とその分の排水を一日中行い続ければ、回収は可能かもしれないが、回収に要する時間が長くなる。 The biggest problem is that, as mentioned many times before, a large water pressure is required to move most of the eggs that have adhered to or dropped on the bottom of the water in a certain direction. Recovery is difficult if only a small amount of water is supplied from above. If you keep supplying a considerable amount of water and draining it all day long, it may be possible to recover, but it will take longer to recover.
また、特許文献3は、閉鎖密閉系において親魚の飼育室と卵回収室を設け、この間に卵は通過できるが親魚は通過できないメッシュを設け、親魚飼育室の側からの水圧により卵をメッシュを通過させて回収する方法である。このような密閉系でしかも宇宙空間での実験で耐えうるような精密な装置であれば、卵を卵回収室に集めることは容易であることが推測される。ただし、卵回収室に集まった卵を外部に取り出すためには、一端密閉系を解除せねばならず、再度密閉系を構成することと合わせ、大変な労力が必要である。また、一系統のためにこのように高価で精密かつ大掛かりな装置を準備することは、今までに述べてきたような目的(観賞用、遺伝実験用)には現実的でない。 Further, Patent Document 3 provides a parent fish breeding room and an egg collection room in a closed and sealed system, and a mesh is provided between which eggs can pass but parent fish cannot pass, and the eggs are meshed by water pressure from the side of the parent fish breeding room. It is a method of collecting by passing. It is estimated that it is easy to collect eggs in the egg collection chamber if such a closed system and a precise apparatus that can withstand experiments in outer space. However, in order to take out the eggs collected in the egg collection chamber to the outside, it is necessary to release the sealed system at one end, and it takes a lot of labor together with the construction of the sealed system again. In addition, preparing such an expensive, precise, and large-scale device for one system is not realistic for the purpose (for ornamental use and genetic experiment) as described above.
本発明は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、飼育下にある小型魚の産出卵を簡単に回収することができるとともに、簡易な構成にして製造コストを低減することができる小型魚飼育用水槽の提供を課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is capable of easily recovering eggs laid out of small fish under breeding, and small fish breeding capable of reducing the manufacturing cost with a simple configuration. The issue is to provide a water tank.
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、実験用または観賞用のメダカやゼブラフィッシュなどの小型魚を飼育して卵を回収するための小型魚飼育用水槽であって、水と小型魚を収容する上面開口の水槽本体と、該水槽本体の内部を長さ方向に主室と隔離室に仕切る態様で設けられた着脱自在の仕切部材と、端部が回動自在に連結された底板と壁板とからなり、通常時には底板が水槽本体の底面部に当接され、かつ壁板が仕切板と対向する態様で配置され、底板が小型魚の卵を付着するものとなされた回収部材とを備えることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a small fish breeding aquarium for breeding small fish such as medaka and zebrafish for experiment or ornament, and collecting eggs, and water and small fish A water tank body having an upper surface opening to be accommodated, a detachable partition member provided in such a manner as to partition the inside of the water tank body into a main chamber and an isolation chamber in the length direction, and a bottom plate whose end portions are rotatably connected A collecting plate that is made up of a wall plate, is normally arranged such that the bottom plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the aquarium body and the wall plate is opposed to the partition plate, and the bottom plate attaches a small fish egg. It is characterized by providing.
これによれば仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外し、回収部材により小型魚を主室から隔離室に追い立て、再び仕切部材を取り付けたあと、回収部材を水槽本体から引き上げれば、回収部材に付着した小型魚の卵を簡単に回収することができる。しかも、従来から存在する水槽本体に、所定の仕切部材と回収部材を設けるのみでよいので簡易な構成にして製造コストを低減することができる。 According to this, the partition member is removed from the aquarium body, the small fish is driven from the main chamber to the isolation chamber by the recovery member, the partition member is attached again, and then the recovery member is pulled up from the aquarium body. Fish eggs can be easily recovered. In addition, since it is only necessary to provide a predetermined partition member and a recovery member in the existing water tank main body, the manufacturing cost can be reduced with a simple configuration.
また、前記水槽本体の隔離室内に配置され、水槽本体の長さ方向に移動可能な押出部材を備えるのが好ましい。これによれば隔離室内の小型魚を主室に戻す場合、押出部材を水槽本体の長さ方向に移動させれば、小型魚を主室に容易に追い立てることができる。 Moreover, it is preferable to provide the extrusion member which is arrange | positioned in the isolation chamber of the said water tank main body, and can move to the length direction of a water tank main body. According to this, when returning the small fish in the isolation chamber to the main chamber, the small fish can be easily driven to the main chamber by moving the pushing member in the length direction of the aquarium body.
また、前記回収部材の底板は、多数の小孔が形成されるとともに、上面に繊維シートが設けられているのが好ましい。これによれば、底板に多数の孔が形成されることにより回収部材の移動時における水の抵抗を軽減することができる。また、繊維シートを設けることにより、小型魚の卵を容易に付着させることができる。 Moreover, it is preferable that the bottom plate of the recovery member has a large number of small holes and a fiber sheet on the upper surface. According to this, water resistance at the time of movement of a recovery member can be reduced by forming a large number of holes in the bottom plate. Moreover, a small fish egg can be easily attached by providing a fiber sheet.
また、前記回収部材の底板は、先端部に折り返し部が形成されているのが好ましい。これによれば、回収部材の移動時に底板が立設したときに、仮に底板に付着した小型魚の卵が下方に落下したとしても、折り返し部がそれらの卵を受け止めることができるため、小型魚の卵をもれなく回収することが可能となる。 The bottom plate of the recovery member preferably has a folded portion at the tip. According to this, when the bottom plate is erected at the time of movement of the recovery member, even if the small fish eggs adhering to the bottom plate fall down, the folded portion can receive the eggs, so the small fish eggs It is possible to collect without any loss.
また、前記水槽本体の底面部は、回収部材の底板の先端部に対応する位置において凹部が形成されているのが好ましい。これによれば、回収部材の移動時において、水槽本体の底面部に設けられた凹部に回収部材の底板の先端部が嵌まることにより、該凹部を中心として底板が隔離室側に回転するので、底板をスムーズに隔離室側に寄せることができる。 Moreover, it is preferable that the bottom face part of the water tank body is formed with a recess at a position corresponding to the tip part of the bottom plate of the recovery member. According to this, when the recovery member moves, the bottom plate rotates around the recess toward the isolation chamber side by fitting the tip of the bottom plate of the recovery member into the recess provided on the bottom surface of the water tank body. The bottom plate can be smoothly moved toward the isolation chamber.
また、本発明に係る小型魚産卵回収方法は、 請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれかに記載の小型魚飼育用水槽を使用して小型魚の卵を回収する方法であって、仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外す第1のステップと、回収部材の壁板を斜め上方に持ち上げていき、該壁板に連結されている底板が垂直となるように隔離室側に寄せることによって小型魚を隔離室に追い立てる第2のステップと、その状態で再び仕切部材を水槽本体の元の位置に取り付けることによって小型魚を完全に隔離室に隔離する第3のステップと、回収部材を水槽本体から引き上げて、底板に付着した小型魚の卵を回収する第4のステップと、該回収部材を、底板が水槽本体内部の底部に当接され、かつ壁板が仕切板と対向する態様で主室に再び配置する第5のステップと、仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外して、隔離室内の小型魚を主室に戻す第6のステップと、小型魚が主室に完全に戻ったあと、該仕切部材を水槽本体の元の位置に再び取り付ける第7のステップとを備えることを特徴とする。 A small fish laying egg collecting method according to the present invention is a method for collecting small fish eggs using the small fish breeding aquarium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the partition member is a tank. The first step to be removed from the main body and the wall plate of the recovery member are lifted obliquely upward, and the bottom plate connected to the wall plate is moved to the isolation chamber side so as to be vertical, thereby bringing the small fish into the isolation chamber. A second step of driving up, a third step of completely isolating the small fish into the isolation chamber by reattaching the partition member to the original position of the water tank main body in that state, and lifting the recovery member from the water tank main body, A fourth step of recovering the eggs of the small fish attached to the container, and the recovery member is disposed again in the main chamber in such a manner that the bottom plate is in contact with the bottom of the tank body and the wall plate faces the partition plate. 5 steps, A sixth step of removing the cutting member from the aquarium body and returning the small fish in the isolation chamber to the main chamber; and after the small fish has completely returned to the main chamber, the partition member is reattached to the original position of the aquarium main body. And a seventh step.
請求項2に記載の小型魚飼育用水槽を使用して小型魚の卵を回収する方法であって、仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外す第1ステップと、回収部材の壁板を斜め上方に持ち上げていき、該壁板に連結されている底板が垂直となるように隔離室側に寄せることによって小型魚を隔離室に追い立てる第2のステップと、その状態で再び仕切部材を水槽本体の元の位置に取り付けることによって小型魚を完全に隔離室に隔離する第3ステップと、回収部材を水槽本体から引き上げて、底板に付着した小型魚の卵を回収する第4ステップと、該回収部材を、底板が水槽本体内部に当接され、かつ壁板が仕切板と対抗する態様で主室に再び配置する第5ステップと、仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外して、前記押出部材を主寝室に平行に移動させることによって隔離室内の小型魚を主室に追い立てる第6ステップと、小型魚が主室に完全に戻った後、該仕切部材を水槽本体の元の位置に再び取り付ける第7ステップとを備えるものとしてもよい。 A method for recovering eggs of a small fish using the small fish breeding aquarium according to claim 2, wherein the partition member is removed from the aquarium main body, and the wall plate of the collection member is lifted obliquely upward. A second step of driving the small fish to the isolation chamber by bringing the bottom plate connected to the wall plate to the isolation chamber side so that the bottom plate is vertical, and in that state, the partition member is returned to the original position of the tank body. A third step of completely isolating the small fish into the isolation chamber by attaching, a fourth step of lifting the recovery member from the aquarium body and recovering the eggs of the small fish adhering to the bottom plate, and the recovery plate having the aquarium A fifth step in which the wall plate is disposed in the main chamber again in a manner to be in contact with the inside of the main body and the wall plate is opposed to the partition plate; By And a sixth step of driving the small fish in the isolation chamber into the main room and a seventh step of reattaching the partition member to the original position of the aquarium body after the small fish has completely returned to the main room. Good.
本発明によれば、仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外し、回収部材により小型魚を主室から隔離室に追い立て、再び仕切部材を取り付けたあと、回収部材を水槽本体から引き上げれば、回収部材に付着した小型魚の卵を簡単に回収することができる。しかも、従来から存在する水槽本体に、所定の仕切部材と回収部材を設けるのみでよいので簡易な構成にして製造コストを低減することができる。 According to the present invention, the partition member is detached from the aquarium main body, the small fish is driven from the main chamber to the isolation chamber by the recovery member, the partition member is attached again, and then the recovery member is pulled up from the aquarium main body to adhere to the recovery member. Small fish eggs can be collected easily. In addition, since it is only necessary to provide a predetermined partition member and a recovery member in the existing water tank main body, the manufacturing cost can be reduced with a simple configuration.
而して、従来施設で使われてきた給水・水質管理・保温・照明系などはそのまま利用し、水槽のみを本発明の水槽に置き換えればよい。 Thus, the water supply, water quality management, heat insulation, lighting system, etc. that have been used in the conventional facilities are used as they are, and only the water tank is replaced with the water tank of the present invention.
また、操作はだれにでも簡単に短時間行え、しかもメダカの付着卵もゼブラフィシュの非付着卵もすべて確実に回収できる。 In addition, anyone can easily perform the operation in a short time, and can reliably recover all medaka-attached eggs and zebrafish non-attached eggs.
また、親魚を網で掬うなどの操作を行わないため、親魚に対する負担が少ない。また、親魚はもとの水槽内にとどまり続けるので、(別の水槽に移す場合のような)環境変化にさらされることもない。 Moreover, since operations such as crawling the parent fish with a net are not performed, the burden on the parent fish is small. In addition, the parent fish remain in the original tank, so they are not exposed to environmental changes (such as when moved to another tank).
また、卵は、回収板上に装着した回収部材(ナイロンメッシュ・金網・あるいは炭素繊維メッシュなど)の上に乗った(あるいは付着した)状態で水槽外に出される。結局2次元平面内に卵が散らばった状態であるから、回収は非常に簡単である。特に、炭素繊維などのように回収部材が黒色であれば、その上にある卵が容易に識別できる。また、回収部材じたいに付着特性のある材質を使えば、非付着性のゼブラフィシュの卵を回収部材上に固定することも可能となる。 In addition, the egg is taken out of the water tank in a state of being on (or attached to) a recovery member (nylon mesh, wire net, or carbon fiber mesh) mounted on the recovery plate. After all, the eggs are scattered in the two-dimensional plane, so the collection is very easy. In particular, if the recovery member is black, such as carbon fiber, the eggs on it can be easily identified. In addition, if a material having adhesive properties is used for the recovery member, it is possible to fix a non-adhesive zebrafish egg on the recovery member.
また、回収部材を、使い捨てにすることにより、外部からの細菌の持込などを防ぐことができる。さらに、回収部材が卵とともに底に沈んだゴミを回収するので、水質浄化にもつながる。 Moreover, the collection | recovery member can be prevented from carrying in bacteria etc. from the outside by making it disposable. Furthermore, since the collection member collects the garbage that sinks to the bottom together with the egg, it leads to water purification.
また、卵を回収させる必要がない場合は、水草などと同じく卵がついた回収部材をそのまま別の水槽に移してもよい。 When there is no need to collect the eggs, the collection member with the eggs as in the case of aquatic plants may be transferred to another water tank as it is.
また、水槽本体の底面部に凹部を形成すれば、親を分離後水槽内の水の大部分をポンプで捨ててしまっても親魚は凹部に水とともに残る。その後注水して、仕切りを上げて親魚を解放すれば、親魚を分離することなく水替えが実現できる。 Moreover, if a recessed part is formed in the bottom face part of a water tank main body, even if most of the water in a water tank is thrown away with a pump after isolate | separating a parent, a parent fish will remain with a water in a recessed part. Water can then be changed without separating the parent fish by pouring water and raising the partition to release the parent fish.
次に本発明の一実施形態に係る小型魚(F)飼育用水槽(以下、本水槽という)ついて図1〜図3を参照しつつ説明する。 Next, a small fish (F) breeding aquarium (hereinafter referred to as a main aquarium) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
図1は本水槽の縦方向の断面図、図2は本水槽の平面図、図3は本水槽に用いられる回収部材の斜視図である。 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the water tank, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the water tank, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a recovery member used in the water tank.
なお、本説明において、本水槽の長さ方向は図1および図2の左右方向、幅方向は図2の上下方向、深さ方向は図1の上下方向のことをいうものとする。 In this description, the length direction of the main tank is the left-right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2, the width direction is the up-down direction in FIG. 2, and the depth direction is the up-down direction in FIG.
本水槽は、図1および図2に示すように、水槽本体(1)と、水槽本体(1)の内部に設けられた仕切部材(2)、回収部材(3)、および押出部材(4)を主要素として構成される。 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the main water tank includes a water tank body (1), a partition member (2) provided inside the water tank body (1), a recovery member (3), and an extrusion member (4). Is the main element.
前記水槽本体(1)は、上面が開口された直方体状に形成され、合成樹脂製の透明部材からなる。この水槽本体(1)は、従来から存在するものであり、形状、材質、透明度合いは種々変更されてもよい。 The said water tank main body (1) is formed in the rectangular parallelepiped shape where the upper surface was opened, and consists of a transparent member made from a synthetic resin. This water tank main body (1) exists conventionally, and a shape, a material, and a transparency degree may be variously changed.
水槽本体(1)の開口部の周辺には鍔部(11)が設けられている。これは一般に水槽本体(1)に歪みを発生させないためのガイドの役割を有する。また、鍔部(11)を把持することにより簡単に持ち運ぶことができ便利である。 A flange (11) is provided around the opening of the water tank body (1). This generally serves as a guide for preventing distortion in the water tank body (1). Further, it is convenient because it can be easily carried by gripping the collar (11).
また、水槽本体(1)の底面部(12)における長さ方向の一方端部(図1,図2の左端部)には段部(13)が設けられており、後述するように仕切部材(2)や押出部材(4)が上面に載置できるようになっている。 Moreover, the step part (13) is provided in the one end part (left end part of FIG. 1, FIG. 2) of the length direction in the bottom face part (12) of the water tank main body (1), and it is a partition member so that it may mention later. (2) and the extrusion member (4) can be placed on the upper surface.
また、水槽本体(1)の幅方向の両側面部(14)(14)であって、長さ方向の一方端部寄りの位置には、前記仕切部材(2)の両端部を挿入するための挿入溝(15)が深さ方向に沿って形成されている。 Moreover, it is the both side surface parts (14) (14) of the width direction of a water tank main body (1), Comprising: The position for inserting the both ends of the said partition member (2) in the position near one end part of a length direction An insertion groove (15) is formed along the depth direction.
さらに、底面部(12)における段部(13)以外の部分には底板(16)が設けられ、該底板(16)の端部と段部(13)との間に凹部(17)が形成されている。 Furthermore, a bottom plate (16) is provided in a portion of the bottom surface portion (12) other than the step portion (13), and a recess (17) is formed between the end portion of the bottom plate (16) and the step portion (13). Has been.
前記仕切部材(2)は、平面視矩形板状の合成樹脂製の透明部材からなり、前記水槽本体(1)の挿入溝(15)(15)に幅方向の両端部を挿入されることにより、水槽本体(1)の内部で垂直に立設されている。 The partition member (2) is made of a synthetic resin transparent member having a rectangular plate shape in plan view, and is inserted into the insertion grooves (15) and (15) of the water tank body (1) at both ends in the width direction. The water tank body (1) is erected vertically.
このように仕切部材(2)が水槽本体(1)の内部で垂直に立設することにより、水槽本体(1)の内部が長さ方向に分離され、容積の大きい一方側(図1,2の右側)が主室(5)、容積が小さい一方側(図1,2の左側)が隔離室(6)に仕切られている。 Thus, when the partition member (2) is erected vertically inside the water tank body (1), the inside of the water tank body (1) is separated in the length direction, and one side having a large volume (FIGS. 1 and 2). The right side) is partitioned into a main chamber (5), and one side (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) having a small volume is partitioned into an isolation chamber (6).
なお、後述するように、通常時には小型魚(F)は主室(5)に収容されているが、回収時には隔離室(6)に収容されることになる。 As will be described later, the small fish (F) is normally accommodated in the main room (5), but at the time of recovery, it is accommodated in the isolation room (6).
前記回収部材(3)は、図3に示すように、前記主室(5)の底面部(12)に対応する平面視矩形板状の底板(31)と、前記主室(5)の側面部に対応する平面視矩形状の壁板(32)とからなる。これら底板(31)と壁板(32)とは、両端部がヒンジ(33)を介して回動自在に連結され、互いに長さ方向に回転できるようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the recovery member (3) includes a bottom plate (31) having a rectangular plate shape corresponding to the bottom surface (12) of the main chamber (5), and a side surface of the main chamber (5). And a wall plate (32) having a rectangular shape in plan view corresponding to the portion. The bottom plate (31) and the wall plate (32) are rotatably connected at both ends via hinges (33) so that they can rotate in the length direction.
そして、通常時には、通常時には底板(31)が水槽本体(1)の底板(16)に当接され、かつ壁板(32)が仕切板部材(2)と対向するように水槽本体(1)の側面部(18)に当接された態様で前記水槽本体(1)の主室(5)に配置される。 In the normal state, the bottom plate (31) is normally brought into contact with the bottom plate (16) of the water tank body (1), and the water tank body (1) so that the wall plate (32) faces the partition plate member (2). It arrange | positions in the main chamber (5) of the said water tank main body (1) in the aspect contact | abutted to the side part (18) of this.
また、前記回収部材(3)の底板(31)は、多数の小孔(31a)…が形成されるとともに、上面に繊維シート(34)が展設されている。これにより Further, the bottom plate (31) of the recovery member (3) has a large number of small holes (31a)... And a fiber sheet (34) on the upper surface. This
この繊維シート(34)としては例えば炭素繊維シートが挙げられる。これによると小型魚(F)は、水草を入れた場合であっても炭素繊維シートに選択的に産卵することが多い。また、水草の代わりとして使用した場合には産卵床としての効果がある。さらに、炭素繊維シートは黒色であるので、小型魚(F)の卵(E)を回収時に見つけやすいというメリットがある。 Examples of the fiber sheet (34) include a carbon fiber sheet. According to this, small fish (F) often lays eggs selectively on a carbon fiber sheet even when aquatic plants are added. In addition, when used as a substitute for aquatic plants, it is effective as a spawning bed. Furthermore, since the carbon fiber sheet is black, there is a merit that the eggs (E) of small fish (F) can be easily found at the time of recovery.
また、前記回収部材(3)の底板(31)は、先端部に折り返し部(35)が形成されている。これにより、回収部材(3)の移動時に底板(31)が立設したときに、仮に底板(31)に付着した小型魚(F)の卵(E)が下方に落下したとしても、折り返し部(35)がそれらの卵(E)を受け止めることができるため、小型魚(F)の卵(E)をもれなく回収することが可能となる。 The bottom plate (31) of the recovery member (3) has a folded portion (35) at the tip. Thereby, even if the egg (E) of the small fish (F) adhering to the bottom plate (31) falls downward when the bottom plate (31) is erected when the recovery member (3) is moved, the folded portion Since (35) can catch those eggs (E), it becomes possible to collect the eggs (E) of the small fish (F) without fail.
前記押出部材(4)は、正面視矩形板状に形成された正面板(41)と、該正面板(41)の周縁部に設けられた4枚の側面板(42)…(42)とからなる合成樹脂製の透明部材である。通常時には、水槽本体(1)の隔離室(6)に配置され、回収時には水槽本体(1)の長さ方向に移動し得るものとなされている。 The pushing member (4) includes a front plate (41) formed in a rectangular plate shape when viewed from the front, and four side plates (42) ... (42) provided at the peripheral edge of the front plate (41). A transparent member made of synthetic resin. It is normally arranged in the isolation chamber (6) of the water tank main body (1), and can be moved in the length direction of the water tank main body (1) during recovery.
なお、正面板(41)には複数の小孔(41a)…が形成されており、回収時において水の抵抗をできるだけ少なくしながら移動できるようになっている。 A plurality of small holes (41a) are formed in the front plate (41) so that the front plate (41) can move while reducing the resistance of water as much as possible.
次の本水槽を利用した小型魚(F)の卵(E)の回収方法について図4を参照しつつ説明する。 Next, a method for collecting eggs (E) of small fish (F) using the main water tank will be described with reference to FIG.
図4は本水槽を利用した小型魚(F)の卵(E)の回収方法を示す遷移図である。 FIG. 4 is a transition diagram showing a method for recovering eggs (E) of small fish (F) using this water tank.
(a)通常時の状態である。この状態では、水槽本体(1)が仕切部材(2)により主室(5)と隔離室(6)に分離され、主室(5)には回収部材(3)が、隔離室(6)には押出部材(4)がそれぞれ所定の位置に配置されている。また、小型魚(F)は水槽本体(1)の主室(5)において自由に泳ぎ回っており、適時に卵(E)を産むと、その卵(E)が回収部材(3)の底板(31)に落下する。このとき底板(31)の上面には繊維シート(34)が設けられているので、卵(E)が付着しやすくなっている。 (A) It is a normal state. In this state, the water tank body (1) is separated into the main chamber (5) and the isolation chamber (6) by the partition member (2), and the recovery member (3) is separated into the isolation chamber (6) in the main chamber (5). The extrusion members (4) are respectively arranged at predetermined positions. The small fish (F) swims freely in the main chamber (5) of the aquarium body (1), and when it lays eggs (E) in a timely manner, the eggs (E) become the bottom plate of the recovery member (3). Drop to (31). At this time, since the fiber sheet (34) is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate (31), the eggs (E) are easily attached.
(b)回収部材(3)の底板(31)に小型魚(F)の卵(E)がある程度付着したときに、小型魚(F)の卵(E)の回収が実行される。回収に際しては、まず仕切部材(2)を水槽本体(1)から取り外して、主室(5)と隔離室(6)の分離状態を解除する。このとき小型魚(F)は隔離室(6)でも泳ぐことができるが、ほとんどの場合は容積が広い主室(5)で泳いでいる場合が多い。 (B) When the egg (E) of the small fish (F) adheres to the bottom plate (31) of the collecting member (3) to some extent, the egg (E) of the small fish (F) is collected. When collecting, first, the partition member (2) is removed from the water tank body (1), and the separated state of the main chamber (5) and the isolation chamber (6) is released. At this time, the small fish (F) can swim in the isolation chamber (6), but in most cases, the small fish (F) often swims in the main chamber (5) having a large volume.
(c)次に、前記回収部材(3)の壁板(32)を斜め上方向に持ち上げていき、該壁板(32)に連結されている底板(31)が垂直となるように隔離室(6)側に寄せることによって小型魚(F)を隔離室(6)側に追い立てる。このとき、水槽本体(1)に形成された凹部(17)に回収部材(3)の底板(31)の先端部をは嵌まることにより、該凹部(17)を中心として底板(31)が隔離室(6)側に回転するので、底板(31)をスムーズに隔離室(6)側に寄せることができる。 (C) Next, the wall plate (32) of the recovery member (3) is lifted obliquely upward, and the isolation plate is placed so that the bottom plate (31) connected to the wall plate (32) is vertical. (6) The small fish (F) is driven to the isolation chamber (6) side by moving to the side. At this time, the bottom plate (31) is centered on the recess (17) by fitting the tip of the bottom plate (31) of the recovery member (3) into the recess (17) formed in the water tank body (1). Since it rotates to the isolation room (6) side, a baseplate (31) can be brought near to the isolation room (6) smoothly.
(d)こうして回収部材(3)が垂直となるように隔離室(6)側に寄せられると、回収部材(3)の壁板(32)が壁の機能を果たして小型魚(F)は隔離室(6)に追い立てられた状態となる。 (D) Thus, when the recovery member (3) is brought to the isolation chamber (6) side so as to be vertical, the wall plate (32) of the recovery member (3) functions as a wall and the small fish (F) is isolated. It will be in the state driven by the chamber (6).
(e)次に、回収部材(3)の壁板(32)の立設状態を維持した状態において、再び前記仕切部材(2)を水槽本体(1)の元の位置に取り付けることによって小型魚(F)を完全に隔離室(6)に隔離する。そして、前記回収部材(3)を水槽本体(1)から引き上げて、該回収部材(3)における小型魚(F)の卵(E)を回収する。小型魚(F)の卵(E)の回収に際しては、回収部材(3)に設けた繊維シート(34)を取り外せば簡単に回収することができ、また新しい繊維シート(34)を回収部材(3)に取り付ければよい。 (E) Next, in the state which maintained the standing state of the wall board (32) of a collection member (3), a small fish is attached by attaching the said partition member (2) in the original position of an aquarium main body (1) again. (F) is completely isolated in the isolation chamber (6). And the said collection member (3) is pulled up from a water tank main body (1), and eggs (E) of the small fish (F) in this collection member (3) are collect | recovered. When collecting the eggs (E) of the small fish (F), it can be easily recovered by removing the fiber sheet (34) provided on the recovery member (3), and a new fiber sheet (34) can be recovered. What is necessary is just to attach to 3).
(f)前記回収部材(3)を、底板(31)が水槽本体(1)の底板(16)に当接され、かつ壁板(32)が仕切部材(2)と対向するように水槽本体(1)の側面部(18)に当接された態様で主室(5)に再び配置する。このとき小型魚(F)は隔離室(6)に隔離しているために、主室(5)は空の状態となっている。 (F) The aquarium body of the recovery member (3) such that the bottom plate (31) is in contact with the bottom plate (16) of the aquarium body (1) and the wall plate (32) faces the partition member (2). It arrange | positions again in the main chamber (5) in the aspect contact | abutted to the side part (18) of (1). At this time, since the small fish (F) is isolated in the isolation chamber (6), the main chamber (5) is empty.
(g)次に、前記仕切部材(2)を水槽から取り外したあと、前記押出部材(4)を主室(5)側に並行に移動させることによって小型魚(F)を主室(5)に追い立てる。一般に仕切部材(2)を水槽本体(1)から取り外しただけでは、すべての小型魚(F)が一律に主室(5)に行くことは少なく、場合によっては隔離室(6)に戻ってくることがある。そこで、押出部材(4)により小型魚(F)を追い立てれば、簡単かつ確実に主室(5)に戻すことができる。 (G) Next, after removing the partition member (2) from the aquarium, the small fish (F) is moved to the main chamber (5) by moving the pushing member (4) in parallel to the main chamber (5) side. Drive to. Generally, just removing the partition member (2) from the aquarium body (1) rarely causes all small fish (F) to go to the main room (5), and in some cases, return to the isolation room (6). May come. Therefore, if the small fish (F) is driven by the pushing member (4), it can be easily and surely returned to the main chamber (5).
(h)そして、前記仕切部材(2)を水槽本体(1)の元の位置に取り付けるとともに、前記押出部材(4)を隔離室(6)に再び配置する。これにより小型魚(F)は主室(5)に完全に戻った状態となり、初期の状態と同様に再び主室(5)で産卵を行うことができる。 (H) Then, the partition member (2) is attached to the original position of the water tank body (1), and the pushing member (4) is disposed again in the isolation chamber (6). Thereby, a small fish (F) will be in the state which returned to the main room (5) completely, and can lay eggs again in the main room (5) similarly to the initial state.
なお、本実施形態に係る水槽本体(1)、仕切部材(2)、回収部材(3)、および押出部材(4)は上述の形状や材質に限定されるものではなく、種々に設計変更が可能である。 In addition, the water tank main body (1), partition member (2), collection member (3), and pushing member (4) according to the present embodiment are not limited to the above-described shapes and materials, and various design changes can be made. Is possible.
また、押出部材(4)により小型魚(F)を主室(5)に追い立てるものとしたが、押出部材(4)を使用せずに小型魚(F)を主室(5)に自然に戻すものとしてもよい。 Moreover, although the small fish (F) was driven to the main chamber (5) by the extrusion member (4), the small fish (F) was naturally brought into the main chamber (5) without using the extrusion member (4). It may be returned.
また、回収部材(3)の底板(31)を水槽本体(1)の底板(16)を介して底面部(12)に当接するものとしたが、底面部(12)に直接当接するものとしてもよい。よって、本発明に言う当接とは必ずしも接している状態を言うのではなく、その他の部材が介在している場合も含むものとする。 Further, the bottom plate (31) of the recovery member (3) is brought into contact with the bottom surface portion (12) through the bottom plate (16) of the water tank body (1), but is assumed to be in direct contact with the bottom surface portion (12). Also good. Therefore, the contact referred to in the present invention does not necessarily mean a contact state, but includes a case where other members are interposed.
また、回収部材(3)の壁板(32)を水槽本体(1)の側面部(18)に当接するものとしたが、その他の部材が介在してもよいし、あるいは間隔が空いていてもよい。 Further, the wall plate (32) of the recovery member (3) is brought into contact with the side surface (18) of the water tank body (1), but other members may be interposed or spaced apart. Also good.
また、回収部材(3)の先端部の折り返し部(35)は鋭角的に形成したが、図5に示すように直角的に形成してもよい。 Moreover, although the folding | returning part (35) of the front-end | tip part of the collection | recovery member (3) was formed at acute angle, you may form at right angles as shown in FIG.
また、回収部材(3)の先端部に折り返し部(35)を形成するものとしたが、その代わりに炭素繊維(34)の先端部を折り返すようにして落下した若干の卵を受けるものとしてもよい。 In addition, the folded portion (35) is formed at the distal end portion of the recovery member (3). Good.
本発明は、近年医学や生物学の小型魚(F)の研究、業務または個人における小型魚(F)の飼育・繁殖において用いられる。 In recent years, the present invention has been used in research and business of individuals for small fish (F) in medicine and biology, or for breeding and breeding small fish (F) in individuals.
1…水槽本体
2…仕切部材
3…回収部材
4…押出部材
5…主室
6…隔離室
31…底板
32…壁板
34…繊維シート
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water tank body 2 ... Partition member 3 ... Recovery member 4 ... Extrusion member 5 ... Main chamber 6 ... Isolation chamber 31 ... Bottom plate 32 ... Wall plate 34 ... Fiber sheet
Claims (7)
水と小型魚を収容する上面開口の水槽本体と、
該水槽本体の内部を長さ方向に主室と隔離室に仕切る態様で設けられた着脱自在の仕切部材と、
端部が回動自在に連結された底板と壁板とからなり、通常時には底板が水槽本体の底面部に当接され、かつ壁板が仕切板と対向する態様で配置され、底板が小型魚の卵を付着するものとなされた回収部材とを備えることを特徴とする小型魚飼育用水槽。 A small fish rearing tank for breeding small fish such as experimental or ornamental medaka or zebrafish and collecting eggs,
An aquarium body with an upper surface opening for containing water and small fish;
A detachable partition member provided in a manner that partitions the inside of the water tank body into a main chamber and an isolation chamber in the length direction;
The bottom plate is composed of a bottom plate and a wall plate that are pivotally connected to each other. Normally, the bottom plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the aquarium body and the wall plate faces the partition plate. A fish tank for breeding small fish, comprising: a recovery member that attaches eggs.
仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外す第1のステップと、
回収部材の壁板を斜め上方に持ち上げていき、該壁板に連結されている底板が垂直となるように隔離室側に寄せることによって小型魚を隔離室に追い立てる第2のステップと、
その状態で再び仕切部材を水槽本体の元の位置に取り付けることによって小型魚を完全に隔離室に隔離する第3のステップと、
回収部材を水槽本体から引き上げて、底板に付着した小型魚の卵を回収する第4のステップと、
該回収部材を、底板が水槽本体内部の底部に当接され、かつ壁板が仕切板と対向する態様で主室に再び配置する第5のステップと、
仕切部材を水槽本体から取り外して、隔離室内の小型魚を主室に戻す第6のステップと、
小型魚が主室に完全に戻ったあと、該仕切部材を水槽本体の元の位置に再び取り付ける第7のステップとを備えることを特徴とする小型魚産卵回収方法。 A method for collecting eggs of small fish using the small fish breeding aquarium according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A first step of removing the partition member from the aquarium body;
A second step of raising the wall plate of the recovery member diagonally upward and driving the small fish to the isolation chamber by bringing the bottom plate connected to the wall plate to the isolation chamber side so as to be vertical;
A third step of completely isolating the small fish into the isolation chamber by reattaching the partition member to the original position of the aquarium body in that state;
A fourth step of lifting the recovery member from the aquarium body and recovering small fish eggs attached to the bottom plate;
A fifth step of relocating the recovery member in the main chamber in such a manner that the bottom plate is in contact with the bottom of the water tank body and the wall plate faces the partition plate;
A sixth step of removing the partition member from the aquarium body and returning the small fish in the isolation chamber to the main chamber;
And a seventh step of reattaching the partition member to the original position of the aquarium body after the small fish has completely returned to the main room.
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