JP4749606B2 - Epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer and cured product thereof - Google Patents

Epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer and cured product thereof Download PDF

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JP4749606B2
JP4749606B2 JP2001182300A JP2001182300A JP4749606B2 JP 4749606 B2 JP4749606 B2 JP 4749606B2 JP 2001182300 A JP2001182300 A JP 2001182300A JP 2001182300 A JP2001182300 A JP 2001182300A JP 4749606 B2 JP4749606 B2 JP 4749606B2
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general formula
epoxy group
formula
polyimide copolymer
containing polyimide
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JP2002371132A (en
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信之 古川
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Nippon Steel and Sumikin Chemical Co Ltd
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Nippon Steel and Sumikin Chemical Co Ltd
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、繰り返し単位中にエポキシ基を含有するポリイミド共重合体に関するものであり、特に、繰り返し単位の側鎖にエポキシ基を含有するポリイミド共重合体に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、様々なポリイミド樹脂が開発され、耐熱フィルム、絶縁ワニス、耐熱接着剤、成型材料として幅広く利用されている。フレキシブルプリント回路基板用銅張積層板、多層プリント回路基板用接着フィルム、プリント回路基板用カバーフィルム、半導体コーティング剤、アンダーフィル剤、TAB用封止材、更には航空宇宙分野の部材として用いられている。特に、最近、熱可塑性で成型可能なポリイミド樹脂や有機溶剤に可溶なポリイミド樹脂が開発され、その応用分野が広がっている。特に、半導体やプリント回路基板の分野では、耐熱性とともに高い信頼性が必要なため、機械的特性とともに電気的特性に優れたポリイミド材料が用いられるようになってきた。また、最近、環境問題の観点から、鉛フィリーのハンダ材料が用いられつつあり、高いハンダ耐熱温度を有する材料の開発が望まれていた。
【0003】
近年、分子鎖に可とう性をもたせた熱可塑性ポリイミドも開発され、ワニス状あるいはフィルム状耐熱性接着剤として利用されている(特開平3-177472号公報)。また、ジアミノシロキサン等のソフトセグメントを共重合させたポリイミドも報告されている(特開平4-36321号公報、特開平5-112760号公報)。しかし、これらは、いずれも直鎖型の熱可塑性ポリイミドであり、ガラス転移温度異常での強度が極端に低下するため、高温時の接着強度が大幅に低下するという欠点を有していた。また、一般にこれらのポリイミド樹脂を単独で、接着剤あるいは接着フィルムとして用いた場合、充分な接着強度が得られず、また、これらは、耐有機溶剤性という点で問題があった。また、ポリイミド鎖の末端に架橋反応性を有する熱硬化型ポリイミドも開発されている(特開平3-259980号公報)。しかし、これらは、低分子量のオリゴマーであるため、フィルム形成が困難で、ワニスとしての使用に限定される。また、高い硬化温度を必要とするという欠点を有していた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記従来技術の欠点を克服し、耐熱性、耐有機溶剤性において優れ、銅やステンレス等の金属に対する密着性にも優れた特性を有するポリイミド共重合体を提供することを目的とする。特に、フィルム形成が可能で、分子側鎖にエポキシ基を含有するポリイミド共重合体を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記目的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、ポリイミド鎖の繰り返し単位中に、エポキシ基を含有することにより、ポリイミド樹脂の持つ耐熱性、機械的特性を低下させることなく、金属等に対する密着性を向上させ、耐有機溶剤性も向上させることが可能であることを見出し本発明に到達した。
【0006】
すなわち、本発明は、下記一般式(1)及び下記一般式(2)
【化4】

Figure 0004749606
(式中、Ar1は少なくとも一つの芳香族環を有する4価の有機基を示し、R1及びR2は独立に、-OH、-NH2、-SH、-CONH2又は炭素数1〜6の有機基を示し、Xは-O-、-S-、-SO2-又は2価の有機基を示し、i及びjは独立に、1〜4の整数を示し、kは1〜100の数を示す)
【化5】
Figure 0004749606
(式中、Ar2は少なくとも一つの芳香族環を有する4価の有機基を示し、R3は炭素数1〜10の2価の有機基、R4〜R8は独立に、炭素数1〜6の有機基を示し、lは1〜20、mは0〜20の数を示し、nは、1〜100の数を示す)で表される繰り返し単位を有し、一般式(1)で示される繰り返し単位と、一般式(2)で示される繰り返し単位のモル比率が、1/99 〜 99/1の範囲であることを特徴とするエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体である。上記一般式(1)において、Xが下記一般式(3)又は下記一般式(4)
【化6】
Figure 0004749606
(式(3)において、Yは存在しないか、-C(CH3)2-、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-CH2-又は-C(CF3)2-を示し、式(4)においてZは存在しないか、-O-又は-C(CH3)2-を示す)で表される構造を含むことは本発明の好ましい態様の一つである。また、本発明は前記のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体に有機系硬化剤を配合してなる硬化性樹脂組成物、又はこれを硬化させてなる硬化物である。
【0007】
本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、上記一般式(1)及び一般式(2)で表される繰り返し単位を主構成単位として有する。上記繰り返し単位は、平均して一分子中に50モル%以上、好ましくは80モル%以上共重合体中に有することがよい。一般式(1)で示される繰り返し単位と一般式(2)で示される繰り返し単位のモル比率は、接着特性の向上及び耐有機溶剤性の向上の観点から1/99 〜 99/1の範囲、好ましくは10/90〜90/10である。また、本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、固有粘度が0.3〜2.0dl/g、好ましくは0.5〜1.5である。固有粘度ηihnは、次式で表される。
ηihn=[ln(η/η0)]/C
(ここで、ηはウベローデ粘度計を使用し、NMP溶媒中、温度30±0.01℃で、濃度0.5g/dlで測定した値であり、η0は、同粘度計を使用し、同温度における同溶媒の測定値であり、Cは濃度0.5g/dlである)
【0008】
上記一般式(1)において、Ar1は芳香族四塩基酸の残基であり、好ましいAr1には、後記する芳香族四塩基酸又はその誘導体から生ずるものがある。R1及びR2は独立に、-OH、-NH2、-SH、-CONH2又は炭素数1〜6の有機基を示すが、好ましくは炭素数3以下の低級アルキルである。i及びjは独立に、1〜4の整数を示すが、好ましくは0又は1である。kは平均の繰り返し数を示し、1〜100の数を示す。また、Xは-O-、-S-、-SO2-又は2価の有機基を示すが、好ましくは上記一般式(3)又は一般式(4)で示される2価の有機基である。一般式(3)において、Yは存在しないか、-C(CH3)2-、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-CH2-又は-C(CF3)2-を示し、式(4)においてZは存在しないか、-O-又は-C(CH3)2-を示すが、X及びYはジアミン残基の一部であるので、好ましいX及びYは後記するジアミン化合物から理解される。
【0009】
上記一般式(2)において、Ar2は芳香族四塩基酸の残基であり、好ましいAr2は上記Ar1と同様な4価の芳香族基がある。R3は炭素数1〜10の2価の有機基を示すが、好ましくは炭素数1〜6のアルキレン基又はフェニレン基が挙げられる。R4〜R8は独立に、炭素数1〜6の有機基を示すが、好ましくは炭素数1〜6のアルキル基又はフェニル基が挙げられる。lは1〜20、mは0〜20の繰り返し数を示すが、好ましくはlは1〜10、mは0〜10の数である。nは上記kと同様の繰り返し数であり、1〜100の数を表すが、式(1)と式(2)のブロック重合体である場合は、nは5〜50の数が、ランダム重合体である場合は、1〜10が好ましい。また、l+mは2〜15の範囲であることが、k+nは5〜100の範囲であることがよい。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、テトラカルボン酸類とジアミンとを反応させることにより合成される。テトラカルボン酸類としては二無水物が好ましく、一般式(1)及び(2)の繰返し単位を形成するために使用される。なお、ジアミンと反応してイミド結合を生じる他のテトラカルボン酸類も使用可能である。ジアミンは、一般式(1)及び(2)の繰返し単位を形成するために使用されるが、一般式(1)と(2)の繰返し単位を形成するために使用されるジアミンは異なる。なお、テトラカルボン酸類と反応してイミド結合を生じる他の化合物も使用可能である。
【0011】
上記テトラカルボン酸類を酸二無水物として表せば、次に示すようなテトラカルボン酸類が好ましく挙げられる。ピロメリット酸二無水物(PMDA)、3,3',4,4'‐ジフェニルスルホンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(DSDA)、3,3',4,4'‐ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BPDA)、2,3',3,4'‐ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(a-BPDA)、3,3',4,4'‐ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BTDA)、2,2'−ビス(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)エーテル二無水物(ODPA)、2,2'−ビス(2,3−ジカルボキシフェニル)エーテル二無水物(a-ODPA)、2,2'−ビス(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)プロパン二無水物(BDCP)、2,2'−ビス(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン二無水物(BDCF)、1,4,5,8−ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(NTCA)、シクロペンタン−1,2,3,4−テトラカルボン酸二無水物(CPTA)、ピロリジン−2,3,4,5−テトラカルボン酸二無水物(PTCA)、1,2,3,4‐ブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BTCA)等をあげることができるが、これらに限定されることなく、種々のテトラカルボン酸二無水物を用いることができる。また、これらは、1種又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
【0012】
一般式(1)で表される繰り返し単位を構成するために用いられる芳香族ジアミンとしては、少なくとも2つのフェニレン環を分子内に有する化合物であり、可とう性向上の観点から、少なくとも3つのフェニレン環を有する芳香族ジアミンであることがより望ましい。
上記ジアミノ化合物は、一般式(1)中の-φ-X-φ’-(φ及びφ’は、それぞれ(R1)i及び(R2)jが結合したフェニレン環を示す)のオルト位、メタ位又はパラ位に-NH2基が置換したNH2-φ-X-φ’-NH2で表すことができる。φ及びφ’としては無置換のフェニレン基が好ましく挙げられる。NH2基の置換位置はメタ位又はパラ位が好ましい。
【0013】
上記ジアミンの具体例としては、次のような化合物が好ましく挙げられる。
4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルスルフィド、4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルスルフォン、4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、2,2−ビス(4−アミノフェニル)プロパン、2,2−ビス(4−アミノフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン。更に、次のような化合物が好ましく挙げられる。
【0014】
【化7】
Figure 0004749606
【0015】
【化8】
Figure 0004749606
【0016】
【化9】
Figure 0004749606
等を挙げることができる。
【0017】
また、一般式(2)で表される繰り返し単位を構成するために用いるシロキサン系のジアミン成分としては、下記一般式(5)
【化10】
Figure 0004749606
(式中、R3、R4〜R8、l及びmは上記一般式(2)で説明したと同様である)で表されるジアミノポリシロキサンが挙げられる。
【0018】
また、前記一般式(5)で表されるジアミノポリシロキサンは、例えば、下記一般式(6)
【化11】
Figure 0004749606
(式中、R3、R4〜R8、l及びmは上記一般式(2)で説明したと同様である)表されるビニル基含有ジアミノシロキサン類を、過安息香酸、m-クロロ過安息香酸等の有機過酸化物と反応させることにより、得ることができる。
【0019】
有利には、上記ビニル基含有ジアミノシロキサン類とテトラカルボン酸無水物類から、下記一般式(7)
【化12】
Figure 0004749606
(式中、Ar2、R3、R4〜R8、l、m及びnは上記一般式(2)で説明したと同様である)で示される繰り返し単位を構成させた後、過安息香酸、m-クロロ過安息香酸等の有機過酸化物とをTHF等の溶媒中で反応させることにより、一般式(2)で表される繰り返し単位を形成させる方法が挙げられる。
【0020】
本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、公知のポリイミド合成法により製造することができる。一般式(1)の繰返し単位を形成するための原料としてのテトラカルボン酸類とジアミンと、一般式(2)の繰返し単位を形成するための原料としてのテトラカルボン酸類と一般式(5)のジアミンを所定モル比で配合して、同時に反応させ、ポリアミック酸を形成させ、次いでこれをイミド化する方法がある。また、一般式(5)ののジアミンの代わりに一般式(6)のジアミンを使用して上記と同様に反応させ、イミド化後、一般式(6)のジアミンから形成される単位中の二重結合をエポキシ化する方法がある。
【0021】
また、前記のように一般式(2)で示される繰り返し単位を形成させたのち、一般式(1)の繰返し単位を形成するための原料としてのテトラカルボン酸類とジアミンを所定モル比で配合して、反応させ、ポリアミック酸を形成させ、次いでこれをイミド化する方法がある。この方法ではブロック化エポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体が得られる。また、一般式(1)の繰返し単位と一般式(2)で示される繰り返し単位を形成させたのち、両者を所定モル比で配合して、反応させ、ポリアミック酸を形成させ、次いでこれをイミド化する方法がある。この方法でもブロック化エポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体が得られる。テトラカルボン酸類とジアミンのモル比は全体としては約1:1とするが、一般式(1)の繰返し単位又は一般式(2)の繰返し単位からなるブロックの大きさを制御するためには、モル比は約1:1.1〜1.1:1程度に調整し、その後全体として約1:1となるようにテトラカルボン酸類とジアミンを配合して、ブロック化エポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体を得る。
【0022】
本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、側鎖に極性基であるエポキシ基を有するため、金属あるいは金属酸化物表面への密着性が向上する。
また、本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、通常のエポキシ樹脂と同様に、カルボン酸、カルボン酸無水物、テトラカルボン酸無水物、フェノールノボラック、クレゾールノボラック、各種アミノ化合物等の有機系硬化剤を、エポキシ基の硬化剤として用い、硬化性組成物を得ることができる。この硬化性組成物は、架橋反応の進行により耐薬品性が向上する。
本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、ポリイミド鎖の側鎖にエポキシ基を含有し、このエポキシ基は、通常のエポキシ樹脂と同様な作用により、有機カルボン酸、有機カルボン酸無水物、有機アミン類、有機リン系硬化剤との熱反応により架橋構造を形成させることができる。また、通常のエポキシ樹脂と複合させて用いることもできる。分子内にエポキシ基を含有するため、通常のビスフェノールA系エポキシ樹脂やオルトクレゾールノボラック系エポキシ樹脂等との樹脂組成物として用いた場合、熱硬化反応によりこれらと化学的に結合が進行するため、機械的特性に優れた樹脂組成物となる。
【0023】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、実施例中の樹脂原料の略号は以下のものを意味する。その他は、上記酸二無水物及びジアミンの具体例を説明した項に記載した略号と対応する。
mCBPA:m-クロロ過安息香酸
VPSX800:平均分子量800のビニル基含有ビス(3−アミノプロピル)ポリシロキサン;アミノ当量 400, ビニル当量400
VPSX1000:平均分子量1000のビニル基含有ビス(3−アミノプロピル)ポリシロキサン;アミノ当量 500, ビニル当量 250
PSX1000: 平均分子量1000のビス(3−アミノプロピル)ポリジメチルシロキサン;アミノ当量 500
【0024】
実施例1
Dean-Stark型脱水冷却装置、撹拌翼を取り付けた1LのセパラブルフラスコにN-メチル−2−ピロリジノン(NMP)200mlとトルエン100mlを入れ、氷冷により25℃以下に温度を保ち、窒素気流下で、DSDA(35.4g、0.1モル)及びVPSX800を(8g、0.01モル)少量ずつ滴下させた後、2時間反応させた。その後、ジアミン(h)(37.1g、0.09モル)を粉体のまま少量づつ投入した。2時間反応し充分ポリアミド酸の重合を進行させた後、トルエン還流が起こるまで温度を徐々に上昇させ、イミド化脱水反応により生成する水を重合反応系外に除去した。脱水イミド化反応が終了した後、更に、1時間150℃にて撹拌を行い反応を終了させた。
このようにして得られた樹脂溶液中に、mCBPA(25.5g、0.1モル)を加え、室温にて5時間、100℃にて3時間反応させた。この反応溶液を、500mlのメタノール中に投入し、析出した固体を、ろ取、乾燥することにより、本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体を得た。この得られた個体5gをN−メチル−2−ピロリジノン(NMP)100gに溶解し、ウベローデ粘度計で測定したところ、固有粘度は、1.1dl/gであった。エポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体のIR測定チャートを図1に、NMR測定チャートを図2に示す。
【0025】
得られたポリイミド共重合体にNMPを加え固形分濃度が20重量%となるように調整した。
このポリイミド溶液をガラス基板上に流延し、ドクターブレードをもちいてキャストした。更にこれを窒素気流下のイナートオーブン中で、100℃で60分、150℃で60分で乾燥させた後、樹脂層をガラス基板から隔離し、ステンレス製の金属枠に固定した。これを、180℃で10分間乾燥させ、耐熱性樹脂組成物のフィルムを得た。このフィルムを用いて、銅、ステンレスとの接着強度の測定を行った。また、このフィルムを更に、180℃で60分の熱処理を行った後、物性測定を行った。測定方法は次のとおり。
【0026】
ガラス転移温度は動的粘弾性測定装置(DMA)を用い、熱膨張係数は熱機械分析装置(TMA)を用い、熱分解開始温度(5%重量減少温度)は熱重量分析装置(TGA)を用い測定を行った。曲げ強度及び曲げ弾性率はJIS K 6911に準じて測定を行った。
吸水率は、3mm厚の硬化物を作成した後、硬化物をPCT(121℃、2atm)処理時間20時間の条件で処理した後、PCT処理前後の重量変化を測定し、吸水率を求めた。更に、難燃性は、UL規格の方法に従って、1.6mm厚の硬化物の難燃性を評価した。
接着強度については、加圧プレスを用いて所定の圧着温度(ガラス転移温度+50℃)、圧着圧力(19.6MPa)にてJIS K 6850に従って評価を行った。ポリイミド共重合体の原料組成を表1に、得られたフィルムの物性を表2に示す。
【0027】
また、固形分濃度が20重量%となるように調整したポリイミド共重合体溶液100gに、エポキシ基の硬化剤として、無水フタル酸(6.4g,0.025 mol)を加え、このポリイミド溶液をガラス基板上に流延し、ドクターブレードをもちいてキャストした。更に、これを窒素気流下のイナートオーブン中で、100℃で60分、150℃で60分で乾燥させた後、樹脂層をガラス基板から剥離し、ステンレス製の金属枠に固定した。これを、180℃で10分間乾燥させ、エポキシ基含有共重合体と硬化剤とからなる硬化性組成物のフィルムを得た。このフィルムを用いて、銅、ステンレスとの接着強度の測定を行った。また、このフィルムを更に、180℃で60分の熱処理を行った後、物性測定を行った。その結果を表3に示す。
【0028】
実施例2〜8
ポリイミド原料の組成以外は、実施例1の記載と同様の方法により共重合体を合成し、評価を行った。
【0029】
比較例1〜3
樹脂の原料組成が異なる以外は、実施例1の記載と同様の方法により共重合体を合成し、評価を行った。
ポリイミド共重合体の原料組成を表1に、得られたフィルムの物性を表2に、硬化剤を配合した樹脂組成物フィルムの物性を表3にまとめて示す。
【0030】
【表1】
Figure 0004749606
【0031】
【表2】
Figure 0004749606
【0032】
【表3】
Figure 0004749606
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、ポリイミド鎖の側鎖にエポキシ基を含有し、このエポキシ基は、通常のエポキシ樹脂と同様な作用により、硬化剤との熱反応により架橋構造を形成させることができる。本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、耐熱性、基材密着性において優れ、銅やステンレス等の金属に対する密着性にも優れた特性を有する。更に、電気特性や機械的特性も良好なため、プリント配線板用積層板、プリント配線板、半導体封止材、半導体搭載用モジュール、IC封止材その他各種電子部品周辺部材として、あるいはこれらに用いられる材料の機能向上用の添加剤としても有用である。本発明のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体は、自動車、航空機部材、建築部材等、更には、炭素繊維や炭素電極、各種複合材料等のバインダーやマトリックス樹脂として有用である。更に、本発明の耐熱性樹脂は、ワニスとして用いられるだけでなく、成型性にも優れるため、フィルム、シート、繊維等の形態で利用できる。また、耐有機溶剤性を向上させることができ、接着材料としても有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 エポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体の赤外吸収スペクトル
【図2】 エポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体の1H‐NMRスペクトル[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polyimide copolymer containing an epoxy group in a repeating unit, and particularly to a polyimide copolymer containing an epoxy group in the side chain of the repeating unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various polyimide resins have been developed and widely used as heat-resistant films, insulating varnishes, heat-resistant adhesives, and molding materials. Copper-clad laminates for flexible printed circuit boards, adhesive films for multilayer printed circuit boards, cover films for printed circuit boards, semiconductor coating agents, underfill agents, TAB sealants, and further used as aerospace components Yes. In particular, recently, polyimide resins that are thermoplastic and moldable and polyimide resins that are soluble in organic solvents have been developed, and their application fields are expanding. In particular, in the field of semiconductors and printed circuit boards, high reliability as well as heat resistance is required, and polyimide materials having excellent electrical characteristics as well as mechanical characteristics have come to be used. Recently, lead-filly solder materials are being used from the viewpoint of environmental problems, and the development of materials having a high solder heat resistance has been desired.
[0003]
In recent years, thermoplastic polyimide having molecular chains with flexibility has been developed and used as a varnish-like or film-like heat-resistant adhesive (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-177472). Also, polyimides obtained by copolymerizing soft segments such as diaminosiloxane have been reported (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 4-36321 and 5-112760). However, these are all linear thermoplastic polyimides, and have a drawback that the strength at abnormal glass transition temperature is drastically reduced, so that the adhesive strength at high temperature is greatly reduced. In general, when these polyimide resins are used alone as an adhesive or an adhesive film, sufficient adhesive strength cannot be obtained, and they have a problem in terms of resistance to organic solvents. A thermosetting polyimide having a crosslinking reactivity at the end of the polyimide chain has also been developed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-259980). However, since these are low molecular weight oligomers, film formation is difficult and they are limited to use as varnishes. In addition, it has the disadvantage of requiring a high curing temperature.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a polyimide copolymer having excellent heat resistance and organic solvent resistance, and excellent adhesion to metals such as copper and stainless steel. To do. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a polyimide copolymer capable of forming a film and containing an epoxy group in a molecular side chain.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have reduced the heat resistance and mechanical properties of the polyimide resin by containing an epoxy group in the repeating unit of the polyimide chain. The present inventors have found that it is possible to improve adhesion to metals and the like and to improve resistance to organic solvents.
[0006]
That is, the present invention includes the following general formula (1) and the following general formula (2).
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004749606
(In the formula, Ar 1 represents a tetravalent organic group having at least one aromatic ring, R 1 and R 2 independently represent —OH, —NH 2 , —SH, —CONH 2 or a carbon number of 1 to 6 represents an organic group, X represents —O—, —S—, —SO 2 — or a divalent organic group, i and j independently represent an integer of 1 to 4, and k represents 1 to 100 Indicates the number of
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0004749606
(In the formula, Ar 2 represents a tetravalent organic group having at least one aromatic ring, R 3 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R 4 to R 8 are independently 1 carbon number. -6 represents an organic group, 1 represents a number of 1 to 20, m represents a number of 0 to 20, and n represents a number of 1 to 100), and has the general formula (1) The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer is characterized in that the molar ratio of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) is in the range of 1/99 to 99/1. In the general formula (1), X represents the following general formula (3) or the following general formula (4).
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0004749606
(In Formula (3), Y does not exist, or -C (CH 3 ) 2- , -CO-, -O-, -S-, -SO 2- , -CH 2 -or -C (CF 3 ) It is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention to include a structure represented by the formula: 2-, wherein Z is not present in formula (4) or is represented by -O- or -C (CH 3 ) 2- . Moreover, this invention is a curable resin composition formed by mix | blending an organic type hardening | curing agent with the said epoxy group containing polyimide copolymer, or the hardened | cured material formed by hardening this.
[0007]
The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention has a repeating unit represented by the above general formula (1) and general formula (2) as a main constituent unit. The repeating unit may be contained in the copolymer in an average of 50 mol% or more, preferably 80 mol% or more in one molecule. The molar ratio between the repeating unit represented by the general formula (1) and the repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) is in the range of 1/99 to 99/1 from the viewpoint of improving adhesive properties and organic solvent resistance. It is preferably 10/90 to 90/10. The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 2.0 dl / g, preferably 0.5 to 1.5. The intrinsic viscosity η ihn is expressed by the following equation.
η ihn = [ln (η / η 0 )] / C
(Where η is a value measured using an Ubbelohde viscometer in an NMP solvent at a temperature of 30 ± 0.01 ° C. and a concentration of 0.5 g / dl, and η0 is the same viscometer at the same temperature. (Measured value of solvent, C is 0.5g / dl concentration)
[0008]
In the general formula (1), Ar 1 is a residue of an aromatic tetrabasic acid, and preferred Ar 1 includes those derived from an aromatic tetrabasic acid or a derivative thereof described later. R 1 and R 2 independently represent —OH, —NH 2 , —SH, —CONH 2 or an organic group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably lower alkyl having 3 or less carbon atoms. i and j independently represent an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 0 or 1. k shows the average number of repetitions and shows the number of 1-100. X represents —O—, —S—, —SO 2 — or a divalent organic group, preferably a divalent organic group represented by the above general formula (3) or general formula (4). . In the general formula (3), Y does not exist or is —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —CH 2 — or —C (CF 3 ). In the formula (4), Z is absent, or represents —O— or —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, but X and Y are part of a diamine residue, and therefore preferred X and Y Is understood from the diamine compound described later.
[0009]
In the general formula (2), Ar 2 is a residue of an aromatic tetrabasic acid, and preferred Ar 2 has a tetravalent aromatic group similar to Ar 1 . R 3 represents a divalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylene group. R 4 to R 8 independently represent an organic group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl group. l represents a number of 1 to 20 and m represents a number of 0 to 20, preferably l is 1 to 10, and m is a number of 0 to 10. n is the same number of repetitions as k and represents a number of 1 to 100. In the case of the block polymers of the formulas (1) and (2), n is a number of 5 to 50 In the case of coalescence, 1 to 10 is preferable. Further, l + m is preferably in the range of 2 to 15, and k + n is preferably in the range of 5 to 100.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention is synthesized by reacting a tetracarboxylic acid and a diamine. Tetracarboxylic acids are preferably dianhydrides and are used to form repeating units of the general formulas (1) and (2). Other tetracarboxylic acids that react with diamines to form imide bonds can also be used. Diamines are used to form the repeating units of general formulas (1) and (2), but the diamines used to form the repeating units of general formulas (1) and (2) are different. Other compounds that react with tetracarboxylic acids to generate imide bonds can also be used.
[0011]
When the tetracarboxylic acids are represented as acid dianhydrides, the following tetracarboxylic acids are preferably exemplified. Pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), 3,3 ', 4,4'-diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (DSDA), 3,3', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride ( BPDA), 2,3 ', 3,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-BPDA), 3,3', 4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 2,2 '-Bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ether dianhydride (ODPA), 2,2'-bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) ether dianhydride (a-ODPA), 2,2'- Bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) propane dianhydride (BDCP), 2,2′-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride (BDCF), 1,4,5,8 -Naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCA), cyclopentane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (CPTA), pyrrolidine-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic dianhydride ( PTCA), 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic Can be mentioned dianhydride (BTCA), etc., but these is not limited, it is possible to use various tetracarboxylic dianhydride. Moreover, these can be used 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
[0012]
The aromatic diamine used for constituting the repeating unit represented by the general formula (1) is a compound having at least two phenylene rings in the molecule. From the viewpoint of improving flexibility, at least three phenylenes are used. It is more desirable that it is an aromatic diamine having a ring.
The diamino compound is an ortho-position of -φ-X-φ'- in the general formula (1) (φ and φ 'are phenylene rings to which (R 1 ) i and (R 2 ) j are bonded, respectively). And NH 2 —φ—X—φ′—NH 2 in which a —NH 2 group is substituted at the meta or para position. Preferred examples of φ and φ ′ include unsubstituted phenylene groups. The substitution position of the NH 2 group is preferably a meta position or a para position.
[0013]
Specific examples of the diamine include the following compounds.
4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 2,2-bis (4-aminophenyl) propane, 2,2 -Bis (4-aminophenyl) hexafluoropropane. Furthermore, the following compounds are preferably exemplified.
[0014]
[Chemical 7]
Figure 0004749606
[0015]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004749606
[0016]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0004749606
Etc.
[0017]
Moreover, as a siloxane type diamine component used in order to comprise the repeating unit represented by General formula (2), following General formula (5)
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0004749606
(Wherein R 3 , R 4 to R 8 , l and m are the same as those described in the general formula (2)).
[0018]
The diaminopolysiloxane represented by the general formula (5) is, for example, the following general formula (6).
Embedded image
Figure 0004749606
(Wherein R 3 , R 4 to R 8 , l and m are the same as those described in the general formula (2)). The vinyl group-containing diaminosiloxanes are represented by perbenzoic acid, m-chloroperoxide. It can be obtained by reacting with an organic peroxide such as benzoic acid.
[0019]
Advantageously, from the above vinyl group-containing diaminosiloxanes and tetracarboxylic anhydrides, the following general formula (7)
Embedded image
Figure 0004749606
(Wherein Ar 2 , R 3 , R 4 to R 8 , l, m and n are the same as those described in the general formula (2)), and then perbenzoic acid And a method of forming a repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) by reacting an organic peroxide such as m-chloroperbenzoic acid in a solvent such as THF.
[0020]
The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention can be produced by a known polyimide synthesis method. Tetracarboxylic acids and diamines as raw materials for forming the repeating unit of general formula (1), and tetracarboxylic acids and diamines of general formula (5) as raw materials for forming the repeating unit of general formula (2) Are mixed at a predetermined molar ratio and reacted simultaneously to form a polyamic acid, which is then imidized. In addition, the diamine of the general formula (6) is used instead of the diamine of the general formula (5) and reacted in the same manner as described above. After imidization, two of the units formed from the diamine of the general formula (6) are used. There is a method of epoxidizing a heavy bond.
[0021]
Further, after forming the repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) as described above, tetracarboxylic acids as raw materials for forming the repeating unit of the general formula (1) and diamine are blended at a predetermined molar ratio. And reacting to form a polyamic acid and then imidizing it. In this method, a blocked epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer is obtained. Further, after the repeating unit of the general formula (1) and the repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) are formed, they are blended at a predetermined molar ratio and reacted to form a polyamic acid, which is then imidized. There is a way to make it. A blocked epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer can also be obtained by this method. The molar ratio of the tetracarboxylic acids to the diamine is about 1: 1 as a whole, but in order to control the size of the block composed of the repeating unit of the general formula (1) or the repeating unit of the general formula (2), The molar ratio is adjusted to about 1: 1.1 to 1.1: 1, and then tetracarboxylic acids and diamine are blended so as to be about 1: 1 as a whole to obtain a blocked epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer.
[0022]
Since the epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention has an epoxy group which is a polar group in the side chain, adhesion to a metal or metal oxide surface is improved.
Moreover, the epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention is an organic curing agent such as carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, tetracarboxylic acid anhydride, phenol novolak, cresol novolak, various amino compounds, etc., as in the case of ordinary epoxy resins. The curable composition can be obtained using the agent as an epoxy group curing agent. This curable composition has improved chemical resistance due to the progress of the crosslinking reaction.
The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention contains an epoxy group in the side chain of the polyimide chain, and this epoxy group has an organic carboxylic acid, an organic carboxylic acid anhydride, an organic compound by the same action as a normal epoxy resin. A crosslinked structure can be formed by thermal reaction with amines and organophosphorus curing agents. It can also be used in combination with a normal epoxy resin. Since it contains an epoxy group in the molecule, when used as a resin composition with a normal bisphenol A-based epoxy resin or ortho-cresol novolac-based epoxy resin, etc., the chemical bond proceeds with these by a thermosetting reaction, A resin composition having excellent mechanical properties is obtained.
[0023]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples. In addition, the symbol of the resin raw material in an Example means the following. Others correspond to the abbreviations described in the section explaining specific examples of the acid dianhydride and diamine.
mCBPA: m-chloroperbenzoic acid
VPSX800: Vinyl group-containing bis (3-aminopropyl) polysiloxane having an average molecular weight of 800; amino equivalent 400, vinyl equivalent 400
VPSX1000: Vinyl group-containing bis (3-aminopropyl) polysiloxane having an average molecular weight of 1000; amino equivalent 500, vinyl equivalent 250
PSX1000: Bis (3-aminopropyl) polydimethylsiloxane with an average molecular weight of 1000; amino equivalent 500
[0024]
Example 1
Dean-Stark type dewatering and cooling equipment, 1L separable flask equipped with a stirring blade, 200ml of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and 100ml of toluene, kept at 25 ° C or less by ice cooling, under nitrogen flow Then, DSDA (35.4 g, 0.1 mol) and VPSX800 (8 g, 0.01 mol) were added dropwise in small portions and reacted for 2 hours. Thereafter, diamine (h) (37.1 g, 0.09 mol) was added in small amounts as a powder. After reacting for 2 hours to sufficiently polymerize the polyamic acid, the temperature was gradually raised until toluene reflux occurred, and water produced by the imidization dehydration reaction was removed from the polymerization reaction system. After the dehydration imidation reaction was completed, the reaction was further completed by stirring at 150 ° C. for 1 hour.
MCBPA (25.5 g, 0.1 mol) was added to the resin solution thus obtained and reacted at room temperature for 5 hours and at 100 ° C. for 3 hours. This reaction solution was put into 500 ml of methanol, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried to obtain an epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention. When 5 g of the obtained solid was dissolved in 100 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and measured with an Ubbelohde viscometer, the intrinsic viscosity was 1.1 dl / g. An IR measurement chart of the epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer is shown in FIG. 1, and an NMR measurement chart is shown in FIG.
[0025]
NMP was added to the obtained polyimide copolymer to adjust the solid content concentration to 20% by weight.
This polyimide solution was cast on a glass substrate and cast using a doctor blade. Further, this was dried in an inert oven under a nitrogen stream at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes and 150 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then the resin layer was isolated from the glass substrate and fixed to a stainless steel metal frame. This was dried at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a film of a heat resistant resin composition. Using this film, the adhesive strength with copper and stainless steel was measured. Further, the film was further heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then physical properties were measured. The measurement method is as follows.
[0026]
The glass transition temperature is measured using a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device (DMA), the thermal expansion coefficient is measured using a thermomechanical analyzer (TMA), and the thermal decomposition starting temperature (5% weight loss temperature) is measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Measurement was performed. The bending strength and flexural modulus were measured according to JIS K 6911.
The water absorption was determined by creating a 3 mm thick cured product, treating the cured product under conditions of PCT (121 ° C, 2 atm) treatment time of 20 hours, and measuring the weight change before and after the PCT treatment to determine the water absorption rate. . Furthermore, the flame retardance evaluated the flame retardance of the 1.6mm thickness hardened | cured material according to the method of UL specification.
The adhesive strength was evaluated according to JIS K 6850 using a pressure press at a predetermined pressure bonding temperature (glass transition temperature + 50 ° C.) and pressure bonding pressure (19.6 MPa). Table 1 shows the raw material composition of the polyimide copolymer, and Table 2 shows the physical properties of the obtained film.
[0027]
In addition, phthalic anhydride (6.4 g, 0.025 mol) was added as an epoxy group curing agent to 100 g of the polyimide copolymer solution adjusted to a solid content concentration of 20% by weight, and this polyimide solution was added to the glass substrate. And cast using a doctor blade. Further, this was dried in an inert oven under a nitrogen stream at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes and 150 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then the resin layer was peeled off from the glass substrate and fixed to a stainless steel metal frame. This was dried at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a film of a curable composition comprising an epoxy group-containing copolymer and a curing agent. Using this film, the adhesive strength with copper and stainless steel was measured. Further, the film was further heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then physical properties were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0028]
Examples 2-8
A copolymer was synthesized and evaluated in the same manner as described in Example 1 except for the composition of the polyimide raw material.
[0029]
Comparative Examples 1-3
A copolymer was synthesized and evaluated by the same method as described in Example 1 except that the raw material composition of the resin was different.
Table 1 shows the raw material composition of the polyimide copolymer, Table 2 shows the physical properties of the obtained film, and Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resin composition film containing the curing agent.
[0030]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004749606
[0031]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004749606
[0032]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004749606
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention contains an epoxy group in the side chain of the polyimide chain, and this epoxy group forms a crosslinked structure by a thermal reaction with a curing agent by the same action as a normal epoxy resin. Can be made. The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance and substrate adhesion, and has excellent properties in adhesion to metals such as copper and stainless steel. In addition, because it has good electrical and mechanical properties, it is used as a laminated board for printed wiring boards, printed wiring boards, semiconductor encapsulating materials, semiconductor mounting modules, IC encapsulating materials, and other various electronic component peripheral members. It is also useful as an additive for improving the function of the material obtained. The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer of the present invention is useful as a binder or matrix resin for automobiles, aircraft members, building members, etc., and further carbon fibers, carbon electrodes, various composite materials and the like. Furthermore, since the heat resistant resin of the present invention is not only used as a varnish but also excellent in moldability, it can be used in the form of a film, a sheet, a fiber or the like. Moreover, the organic solvent resistance can be improved, and it is also useful as an adhesive material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
Fig. 1 Infrared absorption spectrum of epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer Fig. 2 1H-NMR spectrum of epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer

Claims (4)

下記一般式(1)及び下記一般式(2)
Figure 0004749606
(式中、Ar1は少なくとも一つの芳香族環を有する4価の有機基を示し、R1及びR2は独立に、-OH、-NH2、-SH、-CONH2又は炭素数1〜6の有機基を示し、Xは-O-、-S-、-SO2-又は2価の有機基を示し、i及びjは独立に、0〜4の整数を示し、kは1〜100の数を示す)
Figure 0004749606
(式中、Ar2は少なくとも一つの芳香族環を有する4価の有機基を示し、R3は炭素数1〜10の2価の有機基、R4〜R8は独立に、炭素数1〜6の有機基を示し、lは1〜20、mは0〜20の数を示し、nは、1〜100の数を示す)で表される繰り返し単位を有し、一般式(1)で示される繰り返し単位と、一般式(2)で示される繰り返し単位のモル比率が、1/99 〜 99/1の範囲であり、N-メチル−2−ピロリジノン溶媒、温度30±0.01℃で測定した固有粘度が、0.3〜2.0 dl/gであることを特徴とするエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体。
The following general formula (1) and the following general formula (2)
Figure 0004749606
(In the formula, Ar 1 represents a tetravalent organic group having at least one aromatic ring, R 1 and R 2 independently represent —OH, —NH 2 , —SH, —CONH 2 or a carbon number of 1 to 6 represents an organic group, X represents —O—, —S—, —SO 2 — or a divalent organic group, i and j independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, and k represents 1 to 100 Indicates the number of
Figure 0004749606
(In the formula, Ar 2 represents a tetravalent organic group having at least one aromatic ring, R 3 is a divalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R 4 to R 8 are independently 1 carbon number. -6 represents an organic group, 1 represents a number of 1 to 20, m represents a number of 0 to 20, and n represents a number of 1 to 100), and has the general formula (1) The molar ratio of the repeating unit represented by formula (2) and the repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) is in the range of 1/99 to 99/1, and measured at an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solvent at a temperature of 30 ± 0.01 ° C. An epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer characterized by having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 2.0 dl / g.
一般式(1)で示されるXが、下記一般式(3)又は下記一般式(4)
Figure 0004749606
(式(3)において、Yは存在しないか、-C(CH3)2-、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-CH2-又は-C(CF3)2-を示し、式(4)においてZは存在しないか、-O-又は-C(CH3)2-を示す)で表される構造を含む請求項1に記載のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体。
X represented by the general formula (1) is the following general formula (3) or the following general formula (4).
Figure 0004749606
(In Formula (3), Y does not exist, or -C (CH 3 ) 2- , -CO-, -O-, -S-, -SO 2- , -CH 2 -or -C (CF 3 ) 2. The epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer according to claim 1, which comprises a structure represented by the formula (4), wherein Z is not present in formula (4) or represents —O— or —C (CH 3 ) 2 —: Coalescence.
請求項1又は2記載のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体に、有機系硬化剤を配合してなる硬化性樹脂組成物。A curable resin composition comprising an epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer according to claim 1 or 2 and an organic curing agent. 請求項1又は2記載のエポキシ基含有ポリイミド共重合体を、有機系硬化剤にて硬化させてなる硬化物。A cured product obtained by curing the epoxy group-containing polyimide copolymer according to claim 1 or 2 with an organic curing agent.
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