JP4748631B2 - Multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine used for OA equipment such as a printer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A so-called hybrid (hereinafter abbreviated as HB) type rotating electrical machine (mainly stepping motor) that has teeth on a magnetic rotor pole and sandwiches a permanent magnet has a large torque and high resolution, and is a two-phase HB type. Widely used as a stepping motor.
[0003]
However, this HB type rotating electrical machine mainly has a so-called phase distribution structure in which each phase coil is distributed in the outer circumferential direction of the rotor.
Recently, “US Pat. No. 4,764,697” has been proposed as an annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine.
[0004]
The annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 50 of this “US Pat. No. 4,764,697” will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 50.
[0005]
As shown in FIG. 6, the main configuration of the annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 includes a rotor R composed of a permanent magnet 42 and a pair of rotor magnetic poles 40 and 41 sandwiching the permanent magnet 42, and a stator core. The stators S and S ′ are 30, 31 and 34, and annular coils 38 and 39.
In the figure, 35 is a rotor shaft, and 32, 33, 36, 37, 45, 46, 47, and 48 are teeth of the stator cores 30, 31, and 34, respectively.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Incidentally, the conventional annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine has the following problems.
(1) The HB type rotary electric machine having a phase distribution type structure is the mainstream of the HB type rotary electric machine, but since the coil is inserted from the stator slot, it takes time to assemble the electric element, and it is difficult to reduce the cost.
(2) The above-described annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of “US Pat. No. 4,764,697” has a pair of rotor magnetic poles and is opposed to two stators. Since the interlinkage magnetic flux required for generating torque becomes a non-uniform magnetic path, there is a problem in practical use because of insufficient and large variation.
(3) Similarly, in the annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine, since the magnetic path of the rotor passes through the stator between the 1 phase and the 2 phase, each phase independent magnetic path cannot be formed, and vibration and positioning accuracy are not good.
[0007]
Hereinafter, the problem of the annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 of “US Pat. No. 4,764,697” will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
As described above, in the annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 50 of “US Pat. No. 4,764,697”, the rotor magnetic poles 40 and 41 of the rotor R are paired and face the two stators S and S ′. .
[0008]
That is, in FIG. 6, when the teeth of the rotor magnetic pole 41 and the teeth 36 and 37 of the stator core 30 face each other 100%, the teeth 45 and 46 of the stator core 34 and the rotor magnetic pole 41 are 100%. They are not facing each other and have a mountain-valley relationship.
[0009]
At this time, the teeth of the rotor magnetic pole 40 and the teeth 47 and 48 of the stator core 34 and the teeth 32 and 33 of the stator core 31 face each other by 50%.
That is, the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet 42 enters the teeth 36 and 37 of the stator core 30 from the teeth of the rotor magnetic pole 41, passes through the stator S, and is approximately from the teeth 45 and 46 of the stator core 34. 50% interlinks with the coil 38 and returns to the permanent magnet 42 via the rotor magnetic pole 40.
However, the remaining about 50% of the magnetic flux passes through the stator core 31, is linked to the coils 39 from the teeth 32 and 33 of the stator core 31, returns to the permanent magnet 42 through the rotor magnetic pole 40.
[0010]
In this case, since the annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 50 shown in FIG. 6 is a two-phase machine, alternating currents having a phase difference of 90 degrees are passed through the coils 38 and 39.
Therefore, when the interlinkage magnetic flux of the one-phase coil is Φ, the torque T is expressed by the following equation where the current is i and the rotor mechanical angular velocity is ωm.
T = √2 (dΦ / dt) i / ωm (1)
[0011]
As shown in the equation (1), the torque T becomes maximum when the flux linkage Φ is large and the phase of the current i is the same as (dΦ / dt).
[0012]
However, in the case of the annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 50 shown in FIG. 6, the interlinkage magnetic flux Φ is ½ for the above-described reason, and the phase of the current i of the coil 38 and (dΦ / dt) is temporarily In the case of the same, the current i flowing through the coil 39 is 90 degrees out of phase, so (dΦ / dt) due to 50% interlinkage magnetic flux Φ does not have the same phase, and the total torque T of one phase and two phases is It will be small.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems (problems), and to provide a multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine that has a large torque, a low vibration noise, good positioning accuracy, and is inexpensive.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a rotor magnetic pole made of a magnetic material having Nr teeth on the outer periphery at an equal pitch. Two unit rotors are formed by sandwiching permanent magnets in the axial direction from the axial direction, and a total of P unit rotors are arranged in the axial direction, and each unit rotor and an air gap are interposed. The stator cores have Q poles, each of the Q poles has q teeth, and the stator cores 2 so that the Q poles alternately mesh with each other. A unit stator is formed by sandwiching the annular coil from the axial direction, and a stator having a total of P unit stators in the axial direction is provided, and the unit rotor and the unit stator are paired with each other. Form unit pairs and form P unit pairs in the axial direction and fix them Between the core or between the rotor magnetic poles, and a 180 ° / (P · Nr) (mechanical angle) offset configuration.
However, Nr, P, Q, and q are natural numbers of 2 or more .
[0015]
If comprised in this way, the magnetic flux which came out of the N pole of the permanent magnet pinched | interposed by the rotor magnetic pole of the unit rotor will enter into the opposing tooth | gear of a stator core through an air gap from the tooth | gear of an N pole side rotor magnetic pole, A closed circuit magnetic path is formed that passes through the stator core, interlinks with the annular coil, passes through the air gap, and returns from the teeth of the S pole side rotor magnetic pole to the S pole of the permanent magnet. It can be used for.
As a result, since each phase becomes an independent magnetic path, the rotating electric machine has a large torque, less vibration noise, and good positioning accuracy.
Further, when the coil structure is a bobbin winding coil structure, an inexpensive motor can be provided.
Furthermore, not only two-phase but also three-phase, five-phase, etc. inexpensive multi-phase machines can be realized, and the step angle can be made minute and high resolution can be achieved.
[0016]
The multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2 is the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the Q poles of the stator are constituted by a claw pole group. May be.
[0017]
Thus, when the stator has a claw pole structure, the cost can be further reduced.
[0018]
The multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3 is the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the unit rotor is formed to sandwich the permanent magnet. The two rotor magnetic poles are deviated by 180 ° / Nr (mechanical angle), and the two stator cores forming the unit stator are angled between adjacent stator poles that mesh with each other (same position). The angle between the teeth or claw poles) is 180 ° / Q (mechanical angle) and Nr = Q (2n ± 1).
However, n is a natural number.
[0019]
If comprised in this way, it will become a rotary electric machine where torque is large, vibration noise is few, and positioning accuracy is good.
[0020]
The two-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 4 is the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein P = 2 and Q = 2. did.
[0021]
If comprised in this way, while having the said effect, it can be set as a compact and cheap 2 phase annular coil type | mold HB type rotary electric machine.
[0022]
The multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 5 is the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the unit rotors or between the unit stators are provided. At least one of them was configured to be magnetically insulated.
[0023]
If comprised in this way, each phase independent magnetic path will improve further and increase the effect by magnetically insulating between unit rotors or unit stators.
[0024]
The multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 6 is the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Q poles of the stator are magnetically connected to each other. The structure is formed by laminating steel plates that are connected in such a detail as to be saturated.
[0025]
With this configuration, the gap accuracy between the stator and the rotor can be improved, the gap can be narrowed, and the torque can be increased.
[0026]
The multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 7 is the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 6, wherein the Q poles of the stator are formed by resin casting. The details are deleted.
[0027]
With this configuration, there is no magnetic leakage in the stator magnetic pole.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Each embodiment of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 using FIG. 1 to FIG.
First, an embodiment of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 28 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0029]
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 28 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 28 according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a part thereof cut away.
[0030]
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional component diagram in which the number of unit rotors and unit stators P = 2 and the number of poles Q of stator cores Q = 2 are embodied in the configuration described in claim 1. .
Reference numeral 15 denotes a rotor shaft, 21, 20, 21 ′ and 20 ′ are made of a magnetic material, and are rotor magnetic poles having Nr teeth at an equal pitch on the outer periphery. Further, the permanent magnet 22 'is sandwiched between the rotor magnetic poles 21' and 20 ', and the two permanent magnets 22 and 22' are magnetized in the axial direction to form a rotor by these configurations.
[0031]
1, 4, 9, and 10 are stator cores, and the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 are made of a magnetic material.
Here, the stator cores 1 and 10 and the stator cores 4 and 9 can be the same component.
[0032]
Further, when the flanges on the outer periphery of the stator cores 4 and 9 are eliminated, the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 become the same parts. In this case, the role of the yoke of the flanges is more than that of the magnetic body shown in FIG. The inner periphery of the housing 25 and the outer periphery of the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 may be brought into close contact with each other.
[0033]
The stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 have two (Q = 2) poles protruding partially from each of the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 in the axial direction. Teeth 2, 3, 5-8, 11, 12.
Further, the teeth 2 and 3 of the stator core 1 and the teeth 7 and 8 of the stator core 4 are different in polarity by the coil 13, and similarly the teeth 5 and 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 11 of the stator core 10, 12 are also excited with different polarities by the coil 14.
[0034]
Case (1)
The mutual arrangement relationship of the teeth of the stator cores 1, 4, 9, 10 2, 3, 5-8, 11, 12 and the teeth of the rotors 21, 20, 21 ', 20' is as the case (1). ,
The teeth 2 of the stator core 1 and the teeth 7 of the stator core 4 are meshed by 90 degrees (mechanical angle) (therefore, the teeth 3 of the stator core 1 and the teeth 8 of the stator core 4 are also engaged), and the stator core The teeth 5 of the stator core 4 and the teeth 7 of the stator core 4, and the teeth 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 8 of the stator core 4 are in the same position, the teeth 5 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 11 of the stator core 10. Are meshed with each other by 90 degrees (mechanical angle) (thus, the teeth 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 12 of the stator core 10 are the same).
[0035]
At this time, the rotor magnetic poles 21 and 20 and the rotor magnetic poles 21 ′ and 20 ′ are each displaced by 1/2 of the tooth pitch of the stator core, that is, 180 / Nr degrees (mechanical angle). The child magnetic poles 21 and 21 ′ may be displaced by 90 / Nr degrees (mechanical angle).
[0036]
Case (2)
Alternatively, as another example, the rotor magnetic poles 21 and 21 ′ are located at the same position, and the teeth 5 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 7 of the stator core 4 (the teeth 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 8 of the stator core 4). May also be the same as that shown in the case (1) above.
Basically, as described above, the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 may be the same component, and only the combination position may have the above relationship.
[0037]
In FIG. 1, after assembly, the rotor magnetic poles 21 and 20 can face the teeth 5, 6, 11, and 12 of the stator cores 9 and 10 via the air gap.
Further, the rotor magnetic poles 21 ′ and 20 ′ can face the teeth 2, 3, 7, 8 of the stator cores 1, 4.
[0038]
This is shown in detail in FIG. 2 as a general multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine.
2 shows an example in which the stator core 10 is formed by iron plate lamination. Reference numeral 25 denotes a magnetic housing serving as a yoke, and other parts are the same as those in FIG.
[0039]
Next, another embodiment of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 28 'of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
3 is a diagram in which the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 in FIG. 1 are claw poles instead of providing hooks in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 1 and providing teeth on the inner periphery thereof. is there.
FIG. 4 is a partially cut perspective view showing a conventional claw pole stator structure.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 3, when the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 28 ′ is configured, the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 can be manufactured at low cost by bending and bending one electromagnetic iron plate.
In the structure of the conventional claw pole stator S shown in FIG. 4 as a reference example, each claw pole Cp meshes with each other and alternately faces the north and south poles of the rotor R. It is shown.
[0041]
On the other hand, in the claw pole stator structure of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine 28 'of the present invention, each claw pole 2, 3, 5-8, 11, 12 does not mesh with each other, A claw pole group oriented in the axial direction from one side of the annular coils 13 and 14 and a claw pole group oriented in the axial direction from the other side of the annular coils 13 and 14 are in mesh with each other at 90 degrees (mechanical angle). .
[0042]
FIG. 5 shows another example of the stator according to claims 1 to 3 by another iron plate stacking as a stator for one phase.
In the case of a two-phase machine, another set is provided.
Reference numerals 9 'and 10' denote iron plates, which are provided with small-diameter portions 9'a and 10'a and large-diameter portions 9'b and 10'b on the inner diameter thereof.
Reference numeral 24 denotes a stator magnetic pole formed by stacking silicon steel plates. Adjacent portions of the magnetic tooth groups are connected with details 24a so as to be magnetically saturated.
[0043]
The outer diameter portion of the stator magnetic pole 24 is fitted to the small diameter portions 9′a and 10′a of the inner diameter of the iron plates 9 ′ and 10 ′.
The coil 14 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the stator magnetic pole 24, and the outer diameters of the iron plates 9 ′ and 10 ′ are in close contact with the inner diameter of the housing 25 in FIG.
In this way, the gap accuracy between the stator and the rotor can be improved, the gap can be narrowed, and the torque can be increased.
[0044]
By the way, the detail 24a of the stator magnetic pole 24 has an effect that if the stator magnetic pole 24 having Q poles is molded by resin casting and then deleted, there is no magnetic leakage.
These embodiments correspond to claims 6 and 7.
5 shows an example in which the detail 24a is formed on the outer periphery of the stator magnetic pole 24. However, the position where the detail 24a is formed is not limited to the illustrated one. You may make it form in a periphery.
[0045]
The multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of the present invention has a so-called in-phase magnetic path in which the magnetic path of the magnetic flux of the rotor is completely independent for each phase.
On the other hand, as described above, in the annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of “US Pat. No. 4,764,697”, it becomes a magnetic path of the magnetic flux of the rotor straddling between two phases.
This is because, when one phase is magnetized, when the second phase switches the phase current, a change appears in the interlinkage magnetic flux on the one phase side, and vibration noise is likely to occur. This problem is solved in the type HB type rotating electric machine.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
Since the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following excellent effects.
(1) According to the first aspect of the present invention, the magnetic flux generated from the N pole of the permanent magnet sandwiched between the rotor magnetic poles of the unit rotor is transferred from the teeth of the N pole side rotor magnetic pole through the air gap to the stator. A closed circuit magnetic path is formed which enters the teeth facing the iron core, passes through the stator core, interlinks with the annular coil, passes through the air gap, and returns from the teeth of the S pole rotor pole to the S pole of the permanent magnet. The magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet can be fully utilized.
(2) As a result, since each phase becomes an independent magnetic path, the rotating electrical machine has a large torque, less vibration noise, and good positioning accuracy.
(3) If the coil structure is a bobbin-wound coil structure, an inexpensive motor can be provided.
(4) Furthermore, not only two-phase but also three-phase, five-phase, etc. inexpensive multi-phase machines can be realized, and the step angle can be made smaller and the resolution can be increased.
[0047]
(5) As described in claim 2, when the stator has a claw pole structure, the cost can be further reduced.
[0048]
(6) If it comprises as described in Claim 3, it will become a rotary electric machine where torque is large, vibration noise is few, and positioning accuracy is good.
[0049]
(7) If comprised as described in Claim 4, while having the said effect, it can be set as a compact and cheap 2 phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine.
[0050]
(8) As described in claim 5, when at least one of the unit rotors or between the unit stators is magnetically insulated, each phase-independent magnetic path has a unit rotor or Magnetic insulation between the unit stators further improves and increases the effect.
[0051]
(9) According to the sixth aspect, the gap accuracy between the stator and the rotor can be improved, the gap can be narrowed, and the torque can be increased.
[0052]
(10) As described in claim 7, when the Q poles of the stator are formed by resin casting and then the details are deleted, magnetic leakage is eliminated in the stator magnetic poles.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of the present invention.
3 is an exploded perspective view in which the stator iron core of FIG. 1 is a claw pole. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a conventional claw pole stator structure.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a stator used in another embodiment of the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 4, 9, 10: Stator cores 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12: Teeth 13 of the stator core, 14: Annular coil 15: Rotor shafts 20, 21, 20 ' 21 ': Rotor magnetic pole 22, 22': Permanent magnet 28, 28 ': Multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine

Claims (7)

A unit rotor having sandwiched permanent magnets from the axial direction is formed by two rotor magnetic poles made of a magnetic material having Nr teeth at an equal pitch on the outer periphery, and this unit rotor is summed in the axial direction. P rotors arranged;
While facing each unit rotor through an air gap, the stator core has Q poles, each of the Q poles has q teeth, and the Q poles alternate. To form a unit stator by sandwiching the annular coil from the axial direction with two stator cores, and a stator having a total of P unit stators in the axial direction.
The unit rotor and the unit stator form a unit pair with each other to form P unit pairs in the axial direction, and between the stator cores or the rotor magnetic poles,
180 ° / (P · Nr) (mechanical angle)
A multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine characterized by being displaced.
However, Nr, P, Q, and q are natural numbers of 2 or more . In the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine, wherein the Q poles of the stator are constituted by a claw pole group. In the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The two rotor magnetic poles that form the unit rotor and sandwich a permanent magnet are:
180 ° / Nr (mechanical angle) deviation,
The two stator cores forming the unit stator have an angle between adjacent meshing stator poles (an angle between teeth or claw poles at the same position),
180 ° / Q (mechanical angle) and
Nr = Q (2n ± 1)
A multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine characterized by the above.
However, n is a natural number. In the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
P = 2, Q = 2
A two-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine characterized by In the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
A multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine wherein at least one of the unit rotors or between the unit stators is magnetically insulated. In the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The Q-poles of the stator are formed by laminating iron plates connected in detail so as to be magnetically saturated with each other. In the multiphase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine according to claim 6,
The multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electrical machine, wherein the details are deleted after the Q poles of the stator are formed by resin casting.

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