JP2002359959A - Multi-phase annular coil type hb system dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-phase annular coil type HB system dynamo-electric machine at a low cost and which has large torque, little vibration noise and high positioning accuracy. SOLUTION: This machine is equipped with a rotor and a stator, a unit rotor is formed, where a permanent magnet 22 is clamped in a sandwich type from an axial direction by two rotor magnetic poles 20, 21 composed of magnetic substance, which have Nr-number of tooth at an equal pitch in the outer periphery, the rotor is constituted by arranging P-number of the unit rotor in the axial direction, stator cores 1, 4, 9, 10 face the respective unit rotors via air gaps, and have Q poles, each of the poles has q-number of tooth 2, 3, 5-8, 11, 12. By two stator cores, annular coils 13, 14 are clamped from the axial direction, in such a manner that the Q poles engage with each other, thereby forming a unit stator, the stator has in total P-number of the unit stator in the axial direction, and each unit rotor and each unit stator form a unit pair, and P pairs are formed in the axial direction. Between stator cores or between rotor poles, a displacement of 180 deg./(P.Nr) (mechanical angle) is constituted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an OA for a printer or the like.
The present invention relates to a multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine used for equipment and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A so-called hybrid (hereinafter abbreviated as HB) type rotary electric machine (mainly a stepping motor) having teeth on a magnetic pole of a magnetic rotor and a permanent magnet is mainly used because of its large torque and high resolution. It is widely used as a phase type HB type stepping motor.

However, this HB type rotary electric machine mainly has a so-called phase distribution type structure in which each phase coil is distributed in the outer circumferential direction of the rotor. Recently, US Pat. No. 4,746,697 has been proposed as an annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine.

[0004] The annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 of "US Pat. No. 4,746,697" will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50.

As shown in FIG. 6, a main structure of an annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 is a rotor R including a permanent magnet 42 and a pair of rotor magnetic poles 40 and 41 sandwiching the permanent magnet 42. The stators S and S ′ are composed of stator cores 30, 31 and 34 and annular coils 38 and 39. In the same figure, 35 is a rotor shaft, 32, 33, 36, 3
7, 45, 46, 47 and 48 are the stator cores 3 respectively.
0, 31, 34 teeth.

[0006]

The conventional annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine has the following problems. (1) The HB type rotating electric machine having the phase distribution type structure is the mainstream of the HB type rotating electric machine. However, since the coil is inserted from the stator slot, it takes time to assemble the electric element and it is difficult to reduce the cost. (2) The annular coil-type HB type rotating electric machine of the above-mentioned “US Pat. No. 4,746,697” has a pair of rotor magnetic poles and is opposed to two stators. Since the linkage magnetic flux required for generating the torque becomes a non-uniform magnetic path, it is inadequate, has a large variation, and has a practical problem. (3) Similarly, in the annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine, since the magnetic path of the rotor passes through the stator between one phase and two phases, independent magnetic paths for each phase cannot be formed, resulting in poor vibration and poor positioning accuracy.

The problem of the annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 of US Pat. No. 4,746,697 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. As mentioned above, US Pat.
In the annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 of “64697”, the rotor magnetic poles 40 and 41 of the rotor R are a pair and face the two stators S and S ′.

That is, in FIG. 6, when the teeth of the rotor magnetic pole 41 and the teeth 36 and 37 of the stator core 30 are 100% opposed to each other, the teeth 45 and 46 of the stator core 34 and the rotor magnetic pole 41 are Are 100% non-opposed and have a relationship of peaks and valleys.

At this time, the teeth of the rotor magnetic pole 40, the teeth 47 and 48 of the stator core 34, and the teeth 3 of the stator core 31
2 and 33 are facing each other by 50%. That is, the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet 42 enters the teeth 36 and 37 of the stator core 30 from the teeth of the rotor magnetic pole 41, and passes through the stator S from the teeth 45 and 46 of the stator core 34. 50% of the permanent magnet 4 is linked with the coil 38 through the rotor magnetic pole 40.
Return to 2. However, the remaining about 50% of the magnetic flux passes through the stator core 31, interlinks with the coils 39 from the teeth 32 and 33 of the stator core 31, and returns to the permanent magnet 42 via the rotor magnetic pole 40.

In this case, the annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 shown in FIG.
An alternating current having a phase difference of 90 degrees flows through 9. Therefore, 1
Assuming that the interlinkage magnetic flux of the phase coil is Φ, the torque T is expressed by the following equation, where i is the current, and ωm is the mechanical angular velocity of the rotor. T = √2 (dΦ / dt) i / ωm (1)

As shown in equation (1), the torque T becomes maximum when the flux linkage Φ is large and the phase of the current i is the same as (dΦ / dt).

However, in the case of the annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 50 shown in FIG.
/ 2, and the current i of the coil 38 and (dΦ / d
Assuming that the phase of t) is the same, the phase of the current i flowing through the coil 39 is shifted by 90 degrees, so that the phase of (dΦ / dt) due to the 50% linkage flux Φ is not the same, and the 1 phase and the 2 phase Is small.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems (problems) and to provide an inexpensive multi-phase annular coil type HB type electric rotating machine having a large torque, a small vibration noise, a good positioning accuracy, and a low cost. I do.

[0014]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine according to the present invention is characterized in that Nr teeth are provided on the outer periphery at an equal pitch. With two rotor magnetic poles made of a magnetic material, a unit rotor in which a permanent magnet is sandwiched from the axial direction is formed,
A rotor having a total of P unit rotors arranged in the axial direction is opposed to each of the unit rotors via an air gap, and the stator core has Q poles. Has a plurality of teeth q, and forms a unit stator by sandwiching an annular coil with two stator cores in the axial direction so that the Q poles alternately mesh with each other. And a stator having a total of P pieces in the axial direction, wherein the unit rotor and the unit stator form a unit pair in pairs to form P unit pairs in the axial direction, and the stator The configuration was deviated by 180 ° / (P · Nr) (mechanical angle) between iron cores or rotor magnetic poles. Here, Nr, P, Q, and q are natural numbers, respectively.

With this configuration, the magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the permanent magnet sandwiched between the rotor magnetic poles of the unit rotor is transferred from the teeth of the N pole side rotor magnetic pole to the opposing teeth of the stator core via the air gap. , Passes through the stator core, interlinks with the annular coil, passes through the air gap, forms a closed circuit magnetic path returning from the teeth of the S pole side rotor magnetic pole to the S pole of the permanent magnet, and exits from the permanent magnet The magnetic flux can be fully utilized. As a result, since each phase has an independent magnetic path, the rotating electric machine has a large torque, a small vibration noise, and a high positioning accuracy. If the coil structure is a bobbin wound coil structure, an inexpensive motor can be provided. Furthermore, not only two phases but three phases,
Inexpensive multi-phase machines can be used, and the step angle can be reduced
In addition, high resolution can be achieved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine according to the first aspect, wherein the Q poles of the stator are a group of claw poles. May be configured.

As described above, when the stator has a claw pole structure, the cost can be further reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine according to the first or second aspect, wherein the unit rotor is formed to form a permanent magnet. The two rotor magnetic poles to be sandwiched are 180 °
/ Nr (mechanical angle), the two stator cores forming a unit stator are positioned at an angle between adjacent meshing stator poles (an angle between teeth or claw poles at the same position).
Is 180 ° / Q (mechanical angle) and Nr = Q (2n
± 1). Here, n is a natural number.

According to this structure, a rotating electric machine having a large torque, a small vibration noise and a high positioning accuracy can be obtained.

The two-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine according to the fourth aspect is the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein P = 2 and Q = 2. There was a certain configuration.

According to this structure, the above-mentioned effect is obtained, and at the same time, a compact and inexpensive two-phase annular coil type HB is provided.
It can be a rotary electric machine.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine according to the first or second aspect, wherein the unit rotors are fixed or the unit fixed. At least one of the daughters is magnetically insulated.

With this configuration, each phase-independent magnetic path is further improved by magnetically insulating the unit rotor or the unit stator, and the effect is further increased.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-phase annular coil type HB type electric rotating machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the Q poles of the stator are The iron plates were connected to each other with magnetically saturated details so as to be laminated.

With this configuration, the accuracy of the gap between the stator and the rotor can be improved, and the gap can be narrowed.
The torque can be increased.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine according to the sixth aspect, wherein the Q poles of the stator are formed by resin casting. After formation, the details were deleted.

With this configuration, magnetic leakage is eliminated in the stator magnetic pole.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. First, an embodiment of the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine 28 of the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing one embodiment of the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 28 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 28 according to the present invention.
It is the front view which cut out and showed a part which shows one embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional component diagram in which the number of unit rotors and unit stators P = 2 and the number of poles of the stator core Q = 2 are embodied in the structure described in claim 1. Things. 15 is a rotor shaft, 21, 20, 21 ', 2
Numeral 0 'is a rotor magnetic pole having Nr teeth, which is made of a magnetic material and has an equal pitch on the outer periphery. The rotor magnetic poles 21 and 20 form a permanent magnet 22, and the rotor magnetic poles 21' and 20 'make a permanent magnet. The two permanent magnets 22, 22 'are sandwiched by the magnet 22' and are magnetized in the axial direction to form a rotor by these configurations.

Numerals 1, 4, 9, 10 are stator cores, and the stator cores 1, 4, 9, 10 are made of a magnetic material. Here, the stator cores 1 and 10 and the stator cores 4 and 9 can be the same parts.

When the flanges on the outer periphery of the stator cores 4 and 9 are eliminated, the stator cores 1, 4, 9 and 10 become the same parts. In this case, the role of the yoke of the flanges is shown in FIG. The inner circumference of the housing 25 made of a magnetic material and the stator cores 1, 4,
What is necessary is just to make the outer periphery of 9 and 10 adhere closely.

In the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10, two poles (Q = 2) protrude partially from each of the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 in the axial direction. It has a plurality of teeth 2, 3, 5 to 8, 11, 12 on its circumference. Also, the teeth 2, 3 of the stator core 1 and the teeth 7, 8 of the stator core 4 have opposite polarities in the coil 13, and similarly, the teeth 5, 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 11, of the stator core 10, The coils 12 are also excited by the coil 14 to have mutually different polarities.

Case (1) Teeth 2, 3, 5 to 8, 1 of stator cores 1, 4, 9, 10
1, 12, and the mutual arrangement relationship of the teeth of the rotors 21, 20, 21 ', 20' is such that the teeth 2 of the stator core 1 and the teeth 7 of the stator core 4 are 90 degrees (case (1)). (Mechanical angle) spaced apart (thus the teeth 3 of the stator core 1 and the teeth 8 of the stator core 4
The same is applied), the teeth 5 of the stator core 9 and the stator core 4
And the teeth 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 8 of the stator core 4 are at the same position, and the teeth 5 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 11 of the stator core 10 are separated by 90 degrees (mechanical angle). (Therefore, the teeth 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 12 of the stator core 10 are also meshed).

At this time, the rotor magnetic poles 21 and 20 and the rotor magnetic poles 21 ′ and 20 ′ are respectively １ ／ of the tooth pitch of the stator core, that is, 180 / Nr degrees (mechanical angle). Then, the rotor magnetic poles 21 and 21 ′ may be deviated by 90 / Nr degrees (mechanical angle).

Case (2) Alternatively, as another example, the rotor magnetic poles 21 and 21 ′ are positioned at the same position, and the teeth 5 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 7 of the stator core 4 are
(The teeth 6 of the stator core 9 and the teeth 8 of the stator core 4)
The deviation may be 0 / Nr degrees, and the other points may be the same as those shown in the above case (1). Basically, as described above, the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 may be the same parts, and only the combination positions may have the above relationship.

In FIG. 1, after assembly, the rotor magnetic poles 21 and 20 can be opposed to the teeth 5, 6, 11, and 12 of the stator cores 9, 10 via an air gap. Also, the rotor magnetic pole 2
1 ′ and 20 ′ are the teeth 2, 3, 7, 8 of the stator cores 1, 4
Can be opposed.

This is shown in detail in FIG. 2 as a general polyphase annular coil coil type HB type rotating electric machine. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the stator core 10 is formed by stacking iron plates. Reference numeral 25 denotes a magnetic housing serving as a yoke, and other components are the same as those in FIG.

Next, another embodiment of the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine 28 'of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3 and with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram in which the stator cores 1, 4, 9, and 10 of FIG. 1 are formed as claw poles, instead of providing flanges in the axial direction and providing teeth on the inner periphery thereof as shown in FIG. is there. FIG. 4 is a partially cut perspective view showing a conventional claw pole stator structure.

As shown in FIG. 3, the multi-phase annular coil type HB
When the rotary electric machine 28 'is constructed, the stator cores 1, 4,
9 and 10 can be manufactured inexpensively by extracting and bending one electromagnetic iron plate. FIG. 4 shows a structure of a prior art claw pole stator S shown as a reference example for each claw pole Cp.
Are engaged with each other and alternately face the north pole and south pole of the rotor R.

On the other hand, the polyphase annular coil type H of the present invention
In the claw-pole stator structure of the B-type rotating electric machine 28 ', 1
Each claw pole 2, 3, 5-8, 11, 12 is
A group of claw poles that do not mesh with each other and are axially oriented from one side of the annular coils 13 and 14 and the annular coils 13 and 1
4 and the claw pole group axially facing from the other side is 90
It has the feature of meshing with degrees (mechanical angles).

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the stator according to claims 1 to 3 in which another iron plate is laminated, which is a one-phase stator. In the case of a two-phase machine, this is another one.
Set is provided. Reference numerals 9 'and 10' denote iron plates, whose inner diameters include small-diameter portions 9'a and 10'a and large-diameter portions 9'b and 1 '.
0′b is provided. Numeral 24 denotes a stator magnetic pole formed by laminating silicon steel plates. Adjacent portions of the magnetic tooth groups are connected by magnetically saturated details 24a.

The outer diameter of the stator magnetic pole 24 is
It is fitted to the small diameter portions 9'a and 10'a having an inner diameter of 0 '. The coil 14 is provided on the outer periphery of the stator magnetic pole 24, and the outer diameter of the iron plates 9 'and 10' is in close contact with the inner diameter of the housing 25 in FIG. In this case, the accuracy of the gap between the stator and the rotor is improved, the gap can be narrowed, and the torque can be increased.

The details 24a of the stator poles 24
Has an effect that when the stator magnetic pole 24 having Q poles is molded by resin casting and then deleted, magnetic leakage is eliminated. These embodiments are described in claims 6 and 7.
Is equivalent to FIG. 5 shows an example in which the detail 24a is formed on the outer periphery of the stator magnetic pole 24.
The position at which a is formed is not limited to that shown in the figure.
It may be formed on the inner circumference of the stator magnetic pole 24.

The multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine of the present invention has a so-called in-phase magnetic path in which the magnetic path of the magnetic flux of the rotor is completely independent for each phase in each phase. On the other hand, as described above, the annular coil type HB of “U.S. Pat.
In a rotary electric machine, a magnetic path of a magnetic flux of a rotor straddling between two phases is provided. This means that when one phase is magnetized, if the second phase switches the phase current, a change will occur in the interlinkage magnetic flux on the one phase side, and vibration noise will easily occur. This problem is solved in the type HB type rotating electric machine.

[0046]

The multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine of the present invention has the following excellent effects because it is configured as described above. (1) With this configuration, the magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the permanent magnet sandwiched between the rotor magnetic poles of the unit rotor passes through the air gap from the teeth of the N pole rotor magnetic pole via the air gap. It forms a closed circuit magnetic path that enters the opposing teeth of the iron core, passes through the stator core, links with the annular coil, passes through the air gap, and returns from the teeth of the S pole side rotor magnetic pole to the S pole of the permanent magnet. Thus, the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet can be fully utilized. (2) As a result, since each phase is an independent magnetic path, a rotating electric machine having a large torque, a small vibration noise and a high positioning accuracy is obtained. (3) When the coil structure is a bobbin wound coil structure, an inexpensive motor can be provided. (4) Further, an inexpensive multi-phase machine such as three-phase or five-phase as well as two-phase can be realized, and the step angle can be made minute and the resolution can be increased.

(5) If the stator has a claw-pole structure, the cost can be further reduced.

(6) According to the third aspect of the present invention, a rotating electric machine having a large torque, a small vibration noise and a high positioning accuracy can be obtained.

(7) According to the structure of the fourth aspect, it is possible to provide a compact and inexpensive two-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine having the above-mentioned effects.

(8) If at least one of the unit rotors or the unit stators is magnetically insulated as described in claim 5, each phase-independent magnetic path has Magnetic insulation between the rotor and the unit stator further improves and enhances the effect.

(9) According to the structure described in claim 6, the gap accuracy between the stator and the rotor is improved, and
The gap can be narrowed, and the torque can be increased.

(10) When the Q poles of the stator are formed by resin casting and then the details are deleted as described in claim 7, magnetic leakage at the stator magnetic poles is prevented. Disappears.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view in which the stator core of FIG. 1 is a claw pole.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a conventional claw pole stator structure.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a stator used in another embodiment of the multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 4, 9, 10: Stator core 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12: Stator core teeth 13, 14: Annular coil 15: Rotor shaft 20, 21, 20 ′, 21 ': Rotor magnetic pole 22, 22': Permanent magnet 28, 28 ': Multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A unit rotor in which two permanent magnets are sandwiched from the axial direction by two rotor magnetic poles made of a magnetic material having Nr teeth at an equal pitch on the outer periphery. A total of P rotors are arranged in the axial direction, each rotor is opposed to each unit rotor via an air gap, and the stator core has Q poles.
Each of the plurality of poles has a plurality of teeth of q, and a unit stator is formed by sandwiching an annular coil in the axial direction with two stator cores so that the Q poles alternately mesh with each other. A stator having a total of P unit stators in the axial direction, wherein the unit rotor and the unit stator form a unit pair with each other,
A multi-phase toroidal coil type HB type wherein P units are formed in the axial direction, and 180 ° / (P · Nr) (mechanical angle) is deviated between the stator cores or the rotor magnetic poles. Rotating electric machine. Here, Nr, P, Q, and q are natural numbers, respectively. 2. The multi-phase annular coil type HB according to claim 1.
In the rotary electric machine, the Q poles of the stator are formed of a group of claw poles. 3. The multi-phase annular coil type HB type electric rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the two rotor magnetic poles forming the unit rotor and holding a permanent magnet are 180 ° / The two stator cores which are deviated by Nr (mechanical angle) and form a unit stator have an angle between adjacent meshing stator poles (an angle between teeth or claw poles at the same position). ° / Q (mechanical angle), and Nr = Q (2n ± 1). Here, n is a natural number. 4. The multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein P = 2 and Q = 2. . 5. The multi-phase annular coil type HB rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the unit rotors or the unit stators is magnetically insulated. A multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine characterized by the above-mentioned. 6. The multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the Q poles of the stator are iron plates that are connected to each other with details that are magnetically saturated with each other. A multi-phase annular coil type HB type rotating electric machine characterized by being formed by lamination. 7. The multi-phase toroidal coil type HB according to claim 6.
A multi-phase annular coil-type HB-type rotating electric machine, wherein the Q poles of the stator are formed by resin casting, and then the details are deleted.