JP4698389B2 - Seismic retrofit equipment and seismic retrofit method for buildings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic repair device and a seismic repair method for buildings, and in particular, a seismic repair device for buildings and a seismic resistance that can be suitably applied to a piloti that is a wallless space provided on the first floor of an existing building. It relates to the repair method.

  Currently, high levels of seismic strength are required when building a new building, assuming a disaster due to an earthquake or the like. However, existing buildings, especially those that were built long ago, were not required to have a high level of seismic strength that is currently required, so measures to increase seismic strength are required. In particular, there are not a few building structures that have broken down on the specific part of the building, such as the building's piloty part and floors with different building sections, in the Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake, and effective earthquake resistance reinforcement of existing buildings as well as earthquake resistance of new buildings. Research on methods is ongoing.

  Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 1, together with an isolator that supports a pillar of a building, the structure is disposed between a building structure and a foundation that supports the structure, and a plurality of laminated plates and a viscoelastic rubber layer are provided. It has a seismic isolation damper. In Patent Document 2, a vertical load is applied via a damper using the elastic plasticity of a steel material, a damper using the viscous resistance of a viscous body, and a sphere or a cylindrical rolling element placed on a smooth support surface. There is disclosed a seismic isolation structure that allows a horizontal movement of the upper structure by a supporting vertical support mechanism and prevents a large seismic force from being transmitted to the upper structure. Patent Documents 3 and 4 describe seismic isolation methods for existing buildings, respectively.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 5, the outer diameter is configured to be equal to or less than the outer diameter of the reinforced concrete column at both ends in the stacking direction of the laminate in which a plurality of hard plates and rubber-like elastic plates are alternately stacked, and The mounting flange plate, which is formed with a concave portion large enough to secure a space for fixing with the insertion flange portion and a space for connecting with the pillar in the intermediate portion in the thickness direction, There is disclosed a seismic isolation laminated rubber which is fixed and held to constitute a seismic isolation laminated rubber, and this laminated rubber is interposed and fixed at an intermediate position of a column, and a mounting portion structure thereof.

JP 2001-164791 A JP 2001-288930 A JP-A-11-62271 JP 2001-220901 A JP 2002-61413 A

  However, when the conventional seismic isolation structure described in Patent Document 2 is applied to an existing building, the entire building is supported by a temporary reinforcement foundation, and a concave concrete foundation structure is formed below the foundation. Further, since it is necessary to install a plurality of vertical support mechanisms and dampers, there is a problem that the construction becomes technically difficult as the building size increases, and the construction cost increases. Moreover, also in the seismic isolation means of the existing building described in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4, it is necessary to support the upper structure with jacks during column cutting or construction, and the construction itself is not easy.

  Furthermore, it can be said that the laminated rubber for seismic isolation described in Patent Literature 5 is preferable when applied to an existing building from the exterior design side, rather than fit with the column dimensions, An operation of transferring the building load from the pillar to the seismic isolation laminated rubber is necessary, and the construction itself is not easy as in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4. In addition, as is the case with conventional seismic retrofitting methods in general, the seismic retrofit is required on most floors because the entire building and each floor must satisfy the seismic standards.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the problems in the above-described conventional technology, and in performing earthquake-proof repair of an existing building, the structure is simple, low-cost, and effective earthquake-proof repair is performed. The purpose is to provide a seismic renovation device and a seismic refurbishment method for buildings.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a seismic retrofit apparatus for a building, a support part surrounding a pillar of the building, and a seismic isolation part fixed to the upper part of the support part and surrounding the pillar of the building. When the pillar of the building collapses due to an external input such as an earthquake, the support portion supports the load of the building via the seismic isolation portion.

  And according to the present invention, it is possible to perform seismic retrofitting simply by installing a support part around an existing pillar of a building and providing a seismic isolation part on the upper part. Since the upper floor can be automatically placed on the seismic isolation part after the collapse of the building, and the seismic isolation structure can be formed, the seismic retrofitting of the existing building can be performed easily and at low cost.

  In addition, when constructing this seismic retrofitting device, load transmission from existing columns to the seismic isolation device is not performed, so even if an earthquake occurs during construction, the load on the upper floor is supported by cutting columns or jacking. Therefore, it is in a state where the seismic performance of the existing building is maintained, and not only the special management accompanying the construction is unnecessary, but also the safety of workers and residents is not impaired.

  Furthermore, if the lower part of the existing pillar is surrounded by the support part, the enclosed area will be reinforced, so that the part of the pillar that collapses during an earthquake is limited to the area that is not surrounded by the support part. Since the collapse location can be limited, the installation site of the seismic isolation unit can be set in advance.

  Also, when a column collapses due to an earthquake, etc., the building load is newly supported by the support part that surrounds the column via the seismic isolation part, so there is little movement of the axial load line of the building load before and after the collapse of the column, It is possible to prevent the possibility of damage to the structure due to the moment applied to the beam or the like that occurs when the building is subjected to a load other than the pillar.

  Furthermore, even when a column collapses due to an earthquake or the like, the broken column fragments etc. remain inside the support portion, so that it is not necessary to treat these fragments etc. outside.

  In the building seismic retrofit apparatus, the seismic isolation part may be composed of a seismic isolation rubber or a combination of a seismic isolation rubber and a hydraulic attenuator, a friction attenuator, a rolling attenuator, or a sliding attenuator.

  Further, in the building seismic retrofitting apparatus, a predetermined gap may be provided between the upper part of the seismic isolation part and a structure on the upper floor of the floor where the seismic isolation part and the support part are installed. it can. As a result, it is possible to easily confirm the secular change state of the seismic isolation part before the column collapses, and to easily replace and repair the apparatus as necessary, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the seismic retrofit apparatus.

  When the pillar of the building collapses, a predetermined range of relative movement in the horizontal direction between the upper part of the seismic isolation part and the structure on the upper floor of the floor where the seismic isolation part and the support part are installed It is possible to provide a regulating means for regulating the inside. Thereby, the horizontal movement of the building after the collapse of the pillar can be restricted.

  Furthermore, the present invention is a method for seismic retrofit of a building, wherein a pillar of the building is surrounded by a support part, and a seismic isolation part is provided on the upper part of the support part so as to surround the pillar of the building. When the column collapses, the load of the building is supported by the support part via the seismic isolation part. As a result, as described above, earthquake-proof repair of existing buildings can be performed easily and at low cost, and seismic isolation structures can be formed automatically after the collapse of a column. Even in this case, it is possible to assume the collapsed part to some extent without impairing the seismic performance of the existing building, and to reduce the moment acting on the beam connected to the column as much as possible. There is an effect that it is not necessary to treat fragments and the like externally.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a seismic repair device and a seismic repair of a building that are simple in structure, low cost, and capable of performing effective seismic repair when performing seismic repair of an existing building. It becomes possible to provide a method. Furthermore, since this seismic retrofit method specifies a part to be destroyed in the event of an earthquake and the like, and only needs to carry out the seismic retrofit of that part, it can be repaired while there are residents.

  FIG. 1 (a) shows an existing building before the application of the earthquake-proof repairing device and method for earthquake-proofing according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) shows the main building shown in FIG. 1 (a). The building after applying the earthquake-proof repair apparatus and earthquake-proof repair method of a building concerning invention is shown.

  The building 1 shown in FIG. 1 (a) is a so-called piloti type building in which the first floor portion is formed as a space without a wall, and the floor 2 at the ground level includes only a plurality of pillars 3. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), it functions as a concrete column 11 as a support part surrounding each column 3 of the building 1 and a seismic isolation unit fixed to the upper part of the concrete column 11. The seismic retrofitting device is configured by providing the seismic isolation device 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the concrete support 11 is erected on the floor 2 in a cylindrical shape around the pillar 3. It is preferable that the concrete strut 11 has a reinforced concrete structure in which reinforcing bars are disposed so as to extend in the floor 2. In addition, it can replace with the concrete support | pillar 11 and can also comprise a support part with a steel frame structure. A flange 11 a for connection with the seismic isolation device 12 is provided on the ceiling of the concrete support 11.

  The seismic isolation device 12 is fixed to the upper part of the concrete support 11, and includes a seismic isolation rubber 12b and flange portions 12a and 12c provided at upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation rubber 12b. The seismic isolation device 12 is fixed to the concrete support 11 with bolts 15 via the flange portion 12a and the flange portion 11a. The seismic isolation rubber 12 b, the flange portion 12 a, the flange portion 12 c, and the flange portion 11 a are divided into three parts to surround the column 3. A lead plug is embedded in each seismic isolation rubber 12b to enhance the seismic isolation effect. In addition, you may join the flange part 12a and the flange part 12c with a connection plate (not shown) so that each member divided into three may be integrated. Further, the number of divisions of the seismic isolation rubber 12b, the flange portion 12a, the flange portion 12c, and the flange portion 11a is not limited to three, and can be divided into two or more arbitrary numbers.

  A mounting plate 13 is fixed to the lower surface of the beam 4 above the seismic isolation device 12 by anchor bolts or the like. A gap s is formed between the mounting plate 13 and the flange portion 12 c of the seismic isolation device 12. The gap s is set to about 20 to 50 mm so that the beam 4 does not contact the seismic isolation device 12 even when an earthquake that does not affect the collapse of the building 1 shown in FIG.

  Next, the operation of the building seismic retrofit apparatus having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.

  An earthquake occurs in the state of FIG. 2, and the column 3 is cracked by the vibration caused by the earthquake and begins to collapse as shown in FIG. Here, since the lower part of the pillar 3 is reinforced by the concrete support 11 erected on the floor 2, the substantially middle part of the pillar 3 in the illustrated first floor often starts to collapse.

  Along with the collapse of the column 3, the level of the beam 4 is lowered, and accordingly, the mounting plate 13 installed on the lower surface of the beam 4 is also lowered and comes into contact with the flange portion 12c of the seismic isolation device 12. The concrete support 11 begins to support the supported load via the seismic isolation device 12. When the pillar 3 finally collapses, as shown in FIG. 4, the concrete strut 11 supports the entire load supported by the pillar 3. Thereafter, the flange 16c of the seismic isolation device 12 and the mounting plate 13 are fastened by the bolt 16, and the horizontal movement of the building 1 is restricted. Thereby, a support structure with a seismic isolation device can be formed.

  In the above embodiment, the case where an earthquake-resistant repair device having a support part and a seismic isolation part is provided on an existing pillar of a building has been described as an example. However, when a pillar is newly installed in a space where no pillar exists. The earthquake-proof repair device and the earthquake-proof repair method according to the present invention can be applied to the above. In addition, the present invention can be applied to a pillar or the like on an intermediate floor other than the piloti of an existing building.

  Furthermore, when the horizontal movement of the building 1 can be restricted by the frictional force between the flange portion 12 c of the seismic isolation device 12 and the mounting plate 13, it is not necessary to use the bolt 16. On the contrary, in order to reliably restrict the horizontal movement of the building 1 after the collapse of the pillar 3 by means other than the bolts 16 that have been mentioned above, the horizontal relative movement between the seismic isolation rubber 12b and the mounting plate 13 is performed. A concavo-convex structure or the like that restricts to a predetermined range may be provided between the flange portion 12 c and the mounting plate 13.

  Next, a second embodiment of a building earthquake-resistant repair apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the concrete column 21 as a support portion provided with the seismic isolation device 22 at the upper portion is formed in a truncated cone shape so as to gradually decrease in diameter downward and is connected to the column 3. By configuring in this way, the movement of the axial force line before and after the collapse of the column 3 due to an earthquake or the like can be more reliably prevented, and the generation of moments in the beam connected to the column 3 can be more reliably prevented. In addition, as a result of strengthening the rigidity of the lower part of the column 3, the collapsed range of the column 3 can be assumed in a narrow range as compared with the embodiment shown in FIGS.

  Next, a third embodiment of the building earthquake-resistant repair apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The present embodiment is an earthquake-resistant repair device that combines a seismic isolation rubber 31 and a hydraulic attenuator 32, and the hydraulic attenuator 32 is attached along the direction of the beam 33 on the upper floor and occurs after the collapse of the column 34. The horizontal displacement can be reduced by the hydraulic attenuator 32. This figure shows an example of mounting a unidirectional hydraulic attenuator. Instead, a push-pull hydraulic attenuator is used, and a mounting structure with the upper floor is used for a railway vehicle or the like. An automatic coupler structure may be used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the schematic for demonstrating one embodiment of the earthquake-resistant repair apparatus of the building concerning this invention, Comprising: (a) is the state before installation of an earthquake-resistant repair apparatus, (b) is a figure which shows the state after installation. It is. It is a figure which shows the state which reinforced the pillar with the earthquake-proof repair apparatus of the building concerning this invention, Comprising: (a) is a partial cross section figure, (b) is a top view. It is a figure which shows the state in which the pillar of the building reinforced with the earthquake-proof repair apparatus of the building shown in FIG. 2 collapses at the time of an earthquake, Comprising: (a) is a partial cross section figure, (b) is a top view. It is a figure which shows the state after the pillar of the building reinforced with the earthquake-proof repair apparatus of the building shown in FIG. 2 collapsed by the earthquake, (a) is a partial cross-sectional view, (b) is a top view. It is a partial cross section figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the earthquake-proof repair apparatus of the building concerning this invention. It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment of the earthquake-proof repair apparatus of the building concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Floor 3 Column 4 Beam 11 Concrete support | pillar 11a Flange part 12 Seismic isolation device 12a Flange part 12b Seismic isolation rubber 12c Flange part 13 Mounting plate 14 Lead plug 15 Bolt 16 Bolt 21 Concrete support 22 Seismic isolation device 31 Seismic isolation rubber 32 Hydraulic attenuator 33 Upper floor beam

Claims (5)

A support that surrounds the pillars of the building;
A seismic isolation part fixed to the upper part of the support part and surrounding the pillar of the building,
The building seismic retrofit apparatus, wherein the support part supports the load of the building through the seismic isolation part when the pillar of the building collapses.   The said seismic isolation part consists of a seismic isolation rubber or a combination of a seismic isolation rubber and a hydraulic attenuator, a friction attenuator, a rolling attenuator or a sliding attenuator. Renovation equipment.   3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined gap is provided between an upper portion of the seismic isolation portion and a structure on a higher floor of the floor where the seismic isolation portion and the support portion are installed. Seismic retrofit equipment for buildings.   When the pillar of the building collapses, a predetermined range of relative movement in the horizontal direction between the upper part of the seismic isolation part and the structure on the upper floor of the floor where the seismic isolation part and the support part are installed The building earthquake-resistant repair device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a regulating means for regulating the inside. Surround the pillar of the building with the support,
On the upper part of the support part, a seismic isolation part is provided so as to surround the pillar of the building,
A method for seismic retrofit of a building, wherein when the column of the building collapses, the load of the building is supported by the support part via the seismic isolation part.

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