JP4691759B2 - Board connection method - Google Patents

Board connection method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4691759B2
JP4691759B2 JP2000209968A JP2000209968A JP4691759B2 JP 4691759 B2 JP4691759 B2 JP 4691759B2 JP 2000209968 A JP2000209968 A JP 2000209968A JP 2000209968 A JP2000209968 A JP 2000209968A JP 4691759 B2 JP4691759 B2 JP 4691759B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
substrate
connection
semiconductor chip
resin
substrates
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2000209968A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002026086A (en
Inventor
哲也 榎本
英博 中村
文男 井上
康彦 阿波野
玲子 山口
朗 永井
一雅 竹内
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Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
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Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/83Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
    • H01L2224/8319Arrangement of the layer connectors prior to mounting
    • H01L2224/83191Arrangement of the layer connectors prior to mounting wherein the layer connectors are disposed only on the semiconductor or solid-state body
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/83Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
    • H01L2224/8319Arrangement of the layer connectors prior to mounting
    • H01L2224/83192Arrangement of the layer connectors prior to mounting wherein the layer connectors are disposed only on another item or body to be connected to the semiconductor or solid-state body
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/01Chemical elements
    • H01L2924/01078Platinum [Pt]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/01Chemical elements
    • H01L2924/01079Gold [Au]

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  • Wire Bonding (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、基板の接続方法とその方法を用いた配線板の製造方法と半導体パッケージ用基板の製造方法と半導体パッケージの製造方法とその方法によって製造された配線板と半導体パッケージ用基板と半導体パッケージに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
基板と基板の接続、特に、半導体チップと基板の接続は、従来、異方導電性接着剤を用いるか、あるいは、特殊な方法として、硬化収縮の大きな樹脂を用い、半導体チップと基板とを接触させた状態で硬化収縮させ、その収縮力によって接触を保つ方法が知られている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、異方導電性接着剤は、かなり性能がよくなってきたとはいえ、電流が少ない個所での使用はできても、CPUのように大電流を必要とするような回路に用いるのは困難であるという課題がある。
また、硬化収縮による方法では、一般に、接触が点接触となりやすく、やはり大電流の回路に用いるには困難がある上、点接触によるノイズの発生を無視することができず実用的でないという課題があった。
【0004】
本発明は、接続抵抗が小さく、接続信頼性の高い基板の接続方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、以下のことを特徴とする。
(1)接続端子を有する2つの基板を、互いの接続端子が向かい合うようにし、一方の基板にその基板の面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、2つの基板を押し付ける基板の接続方法。
(2)接続端子を有する2つの基板を、互いの接続端子が向かい合うようにし、その間に、接着性樹脂層を挟み、一方の基板にその基板の面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、2つの基板を押し付ける基板の接続方法。
(3)少なくとも一方の基板の接続端子に、突起を形成したものを用いる(1)または(2)に記載の基板の接続方法。
(4)一方の基板が、半導体チップである(1)〜(3)のうちいずれかに記載の基板の接続方法。
(5)接続端子を有する2つの基板を、互いの接続端子が向かい合うようにし、一方の基板にその基板の面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、2つの基板を押し付け、接続する配線板の製造方法。
(6)接続端子を有する2つの基板を、互いの接続端子が向かい合うようにし、その間に、接着性樹脂層を挟み、一方の基板にその基板の面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、2つの基板を押し付け、接続する配線板の製造方法。
(7)少なくとも一方の基板の接続端子に、突起を形成したものを用いる(5)または(6)に記載の配線板の製造方法。
(8)(5)〜(7)のうちいずれかの方法により製造された配線板。
(9)基板の接続端子を、半導体チップの接続端子と向かい合うように形成し、その接続端子の大きさを、半導体チップの接続端子の大きさよりも、接続のときの超音波振動の振幅分以上に大きく形成した半導体パッケージ用基板の製造方法。
(10)基板の接続端子を、半導体チップの接続端子と向かい合うように形成し、半導体チップの接続端子の大きさを、基板の接続端子の大きさよりも、接続のときの超音波振動の振幅分以上に大きく形成した半導体パッケージ用基板の製造方法。
(11)基板の接続端子を、半導体チップの接続端子と向かい合うように形成し、半導体チップの接続端子の大きさと、基板の接続端子の大きさの差を、接続のときの超音波振動の振幅分以内になるように形成した半導体パッケージ用基板の製造方法。
(12)基板の接続端子に、突起を形成したものを用いる(9)〜(11)のうちいずれかに記載の半導体パッケージ用基板の製造方法。
(13)(9)〜(12)のうちいずれかに記載の方法により製造された半導体パッケージ用基板。
(14)接続端子を有する基板と、半導体チップを、互いの接続端子が向かい合うようにし、基板または半導体チップにその基板または半導体チップの面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、基板と半導体チップを押し付け接続する、半導体パッケージの製造方法。
(15)接続端子を有する基板と、半導体チップを、互いの接続端子が向かい合うようにし、その間に、接着性樹脂層を挟み、基板または半導体チップにその基板または半導体チップの面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、基板と半導体チップを押し付け接続する、半導体パッケージの製造方法。
(16)基板または半導体チップの接続端子に、突起を形成したものを用いる(14)または(15)に記載の半導体パッケージの製造方法。
(17)(14)〜(16)のうちいずれかに記載の方法により製造された半導体パッケージ。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
接続端子を有する2つの基板は、通常の回路基板でもよく、また、半導体チップでもよい。回路基板の場合、接続端子は、配線導体と同時に形成されたものでよく、銅箔などの金属箔の不要な個所をエッチング除去して形成することもでき、絶縁基板の上に回路の形状にのみ無電解めっきで形成することもできる。さらには、その接続端子上に、バンプと呼ばれる突起状の導体を形成してもよい。このバンプを形成するには、比較的厚い導体の突起部分以外の個所を厚さ方向にハーフエッチして突起の部分を形成し、さらに薄くなった導体の回路部分を残してほかの部分をエッチング除去することによって形成できる。また、別の方法では、回路を形成した後に、接続端子の個所だけめっきによって厚くする方法でも形成できる。基板が、半導体チップの場合、接続端子は、通常アルミニウムで構成されるが、さらに、その表面に、ニッケル、金、プラチナなどの貴金属めっきを行うこともでき、さらに、金バンプやはんだボールなどによる突起を形成することもできる。
【0007】
その間に挟む、接着性樹脂層は、未硬化および/または半硬化の熱硬化性樹脂、光硬化性樹脂、熱可塑性樹脂、未加硫(未架橋)のゴム、あるいは嫌気性接着剤を用いることができる。
熱硬化性樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、ビスマレイミドトリアジン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、シアノアクリレート樹脂、フェノール樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、尿素樹脂、ポリイソシアネート樹脂、フラン樹脂、レゾルシノール樹脂、キシレン樹脂、ベンゾグアナミン樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、シロキサン変性エポキシ樹脂、シロキサン変性ポリアミドイミド樹脂、ベンゾシクロブテン樹脂、などのうちから選択された1種以上と、必要な場合に、その硬化剤、硬化促進剤などを混合したもの、あるいはこれらを加熱し、半硬化状にしたものが使用できる。これらの樹脂を、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所に塗布することもできるが、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムのようなプラスチックフィルムや銅箔あるいはアルミニウム箔のような金属箔をキャリアとし、その表面に塗布し、加熱乾燥してドライフィルム状にした接着剤シートとして、必要な大きさに切断し、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所にラミネートや仮接着して用いることもできる。
光硬化性樹脂としては、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエステルアクリレート樹脂、ウレタンアクリレート樹脂、シリコーンアクリレート樹脂、エポキシアクリレート樹脂、などのうちから選択された1種以上と、必要な場合に、その光開始剤、硬化剤、硬化促進剤などを混合したもの、あるいはこれらを露光あるいは加熱し、半硬化状にしたものが使用できる。これらの樹脂を、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所に塗布することもできるが、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムのようなプラスチックフィルムや銅箔あるいはアルミニウム箔のような金属箔をキャリアとし、その表面に塗布し、露光、加熱乾燥してドライフィルム状にした接着剤シートとして、必要な大きさに切断し、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所にラミネートや仮接着して用いることもできる。
熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリスルフォン樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、熱可塑性ポリイミド樹脂、四フッ化ポリエチレン樹脂、六フッ化ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂、ポリオキシベンゾエート樹脂、などのうちから選択された1種以上と、必要な場合に、その硬化剤、硬化促進剤などを混合したもの、あるいはこれらを加熱し、半硬化状にしたものが使用できる。これらの樹脂を、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所に塗布することもできるが、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムのようなプラスチックフィルムや銅箔あるいはアルミニウム箔のような金属箔をキャリアとし、その表面に塗布し、加熱乾燥してドライフィルム状にした接着剤シートとして、必要な大きさに切断し、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所にラミネートや仮接着して用いることもできる。
未加硫(未架橋)のゴムとしては、天然ゴム、ニトリルゴム、ブタジエンゴム、シリコーンゴム、イソブチレンゴム、などのうちから選択された1種以上と、必要な場合に、その架橋剤などを混合したもの、あるいはこれらを加熱し、半硬化状にしたものが使用できる。これらの樹脂を、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所に塗布することもできるが、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムのようなプラスチックフィルムや銅箔あるいはアルミニウム箔のような金属箔をキャリアとし、その表面に塗布し、加熱乾燥してドライフィルム状にした接着剤シートとして、必要な大きさに切断し、直接、基板と基板、あるいは、基板と半導体チップを接続する箇所にラミネートや仮接着して用いることもできる。
さらには嫌気性接着剤として、テトラエチレングリコールジメタクリレートを用いることもできる。
これらの接着性樹脂層は、共重合体であってもよく、または異種の樹脂の混合体であってもよく、さらに、シリカや金属酸化物などの無機フィラーを含むものでもよく、ニッケル、金、銀などの導電粒子、あるいはこれらの金属をめっきした樹脂粒子であってもよい。
【0008】
一方の基板にその基板の面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、2つの基板を押し付けるには、下の基板をワークプレートに固定し、上の基板を超音波振動する軸に平行に取り付ける固定具に固定し、その固定具を上から押し付ける機構を有する装置を用いるのが、好ましく、そのときの接続条件は、以下に示す条件の範囲が好ましい。このような範囲で接続するための装置としては、市販のもので、SH50MP(アルテクス株式会社製、商品名)がある。
この接続時の条件は、圧力:0.1〜10MPa、超音波の周波数:20〜500kHz、振動の振幅:0.01μm以上、加圧時間:0.5秒以上、超音波の印加時間:0.01秒以上の範囲であり、超音波と加圧のタイミングは、加圧時間内に超音波の印加を開始し、加圧時間内に印加が終了すればよい。
圧力が0.1MPa未満であると、対向する接続端子間に接着剤が残り、接続時の金属の拡散が十分でなく、接続抵抗が高くなるおそれがあり、圧力が10MPaを超えると、接続端子や配線が破壊されるおそれがある。より好ましくは、0.3〜4.0MPaの範囲である。
超音波の周波数が20kHz未満であると、伝達のエネルギーが大きく、接続に適した大きさに制御するのが困難となり、振動数が500kHzを超えると、伝達のエネルギーが小さく、対向する接続端子間に接着剤が残り、接続時の金属の拡散が十分でなく、接続抵抗が高くなるおそれがある。より好ましくは、40〜100kHzの範囲である。
振動の振幅が0.01μm未満であると、対向する接続端子間に接着剤が残り、接続時の金属の拡散が十分でなく、接続抵抗が高くなるおそれがある。より好ましくは、0.1〜10μmの範囲である。
加圧時間が、0.5秒未満であると、対向する接続端子間に接着剤が残り、接続時の金属の拡散が十分でなく、接続抵抗が高くなったり、接続信頼性が低下するおそれがあり、加圧時間が長くなると、生産性が低下する。より好ましくは、100秒以内である。
超音波の印加時間が0.01秒未満であると、対向する接続端子間に接着剤が残り、接続時の金属の拡散が十分でなく、接続抵抗が高くなったり、接続信頼性が低下するおそれがあり、印加時間が長くなると、生産性が低下したり、接続端子や配線が破壊されるおそれがある。より好ましくは、10秒以内である。
超音波の印加のタイミングが加圧している間でないと、接続端子が傷ついたり、接続時の位置合わせが精度よくできないおそれがある。
【0009】
【実施例】
実施例1
(1)回路基板の作製
図1(a)に示すように、厚さ35μmの銅箔を回路用導体1とし、キャリア2である厚さ25μmのポリイミドフィルムに貼り合わせたフレキシブル配線板用銅張りフィルムを準備した。
この厚さ35μmの銅箔に、バンプ3となる個所にエッチングレジストを形成し、厚さ方向に20μmハーフエッチし、そのエッチングレジストを剥離除去した。
さらに、液状レジストを前面に塗布し、加熱・乾燥し、回路の形状に光を透過するフォトマスクを重ね、紫外線を80mJ/cm2照射し、現像液で現像してエッチングレジストを形成し、厚さ15μmになった個所をエッチング除去して、図1(b)に示すような、厚さ35μmのバンプ3を有する第1の接続端子を含む回路を形成し、回路基板32とした。
(2)接着層の準備
以下の組成の接着総を準備した。

Figure 0004691759
(3)接続
図1(b)に示す回路基板32上に、上記樹脂を、厚さ80μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上に厚さ約45μmの接着層4となるよう、2度塗布し、100℃で10分間乾燥したドライフィルム状のものを、半導体チップ5とほぼ同じ大きさに切断し、回路基板32に、圧力0.1MPa、80℃で5秒の条件でラミネートした(図1(c)に示す。)。
次に、回路基板32をワークプレート(図示せず。)に固定し、図1(d)に示すような、第2の接続端子6を有する半導体チップ5を、回路基板32に重ね、半導体チップ5の角部と、回路基板32上に設けた位置合わせパターンが重なるように位置合わせをし、半導体チップ5の上に超音波振動する軸に接続した固定具を重ね、圧力を1.7MPaに調整し、超音波振動を50kHz、振幅3μmに調整し、半導体チップを180℃に加熱し、5秒間加圧しながら、超音波振動を0.2秒間加え、回路基板32と半導体チップ5を接続した(図1(e)に示す。)。
【0010】
実施例2
(1)回路基板の作製
実施例1と同じものを用いた。
(2)接着層の準備
樹脂として、以下の組成の樹脂を準備した。
Figure 0004691759
この樹脂を、厚さ80μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムに、厚さ45μmになるように、2度塗布し、120℃で30分間、乾燥し、ドライフィルム状にした。
(3)接続
図1(b)に示す回路基板32上に、上記樹脂を、半導体チップ51とほぼ同じ大きさに切断し、半導体チップ51の第3の接続端子61を設けた面に貼り合わせ、仮固定した(図1(f)に示す。)。
次に、回路基板32をワークプレート(図示せず。)に固定し、図1(f)に示すような、絶縁層41を貼り合わせた、第3の接続端子61を有する半導体チップ51を、図1(g)に示すように、回路基板32に重ね、半導体チップ51の角部と、回路基板32上に設けた位置合わせパターン(図示せず。)が重なるように位置合わせをし、半導体チップ51の上に超音波振動する軸に接続した固定具を重ね、圧力を1.7MPaに調整し、超音波振動を50kHz、振幅3μmに調整し、54秒間加圧しながら、その間に、超音波振動を0.2秒間加え、回路基板32と半導体チップ51を接続した(図1(e)に示す。)。
【0010】
比較例1
接続時に超音波を印加せずに、加圧した以外は、実施例1と同様に接続をした。
【0011】
比較例2
接続時に超音波を印加せず、加圧した以外は、実施例2と同様に接続をした。
【0012】
接続に要する時間は、実施例1、2が5秒、比較例1では10秒、比較例2では20秒であった。
このようにして作製した半導体チップ搭載基板の、接続抵抗を調べると、実施例1が、17mΩ、実施例2が19mΩ、比較例1が40mΩ、比較例2が36mΩであった。
接続部の金属組成をオージェ分光分析器を用いて調べた結果、実施例1,2では、接続部に合金層が形成されていたのに対し、比較例1,2では、合金層が形成されていなかった。実施例1の接続部の半導体チップ側の接続端子の表面を図2の写真に、比較例1の接続部の半導体チップの接続端子の表面を図3の写真に示す。図2において、白く光っているところ(図中Bで示す。)が、合金化している箇所である。一部は合金化していない(図中Aで示す。)が、後述するように十分な接続信頼性を得ている。
また、接続の信頼性を調べるために、125℃で15分、−55℃で15分、を1サイクルとする熱衝撃試験を行い、接続抵抗が、元の10%を超えるサイクル数を調べたところ、実施例1、2では1000サイクル以上であったが、比較例1では、700サイクル、比較例2では、500サイクルであった。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したとおり、本発明によって、接続抵抗が小さく、接続信頼性の高い基板の接続方法を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)〜(e)は、本発明の一実施例を説明するための各工程における断面図であり、(f)および(g)は、本発明のほかの実施例を説明するための断面図である。
【図2】本発明の一実施例の効果を説明する半導体チップの端子部の上面金属組織写真である。
【図3】本発明の一実施例の効果を説明するための比較例における半導体チップの端子部の上面金属組織写真である。
【符号の説明】
1.回路用導体
2.キャリア
3.バンプ
31.第1の接続端子
32.回路基板
4.絶縁層
41.絶縁層
5、51.半導体チップ
6、61.第2の接続端子[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of connecting substrates, a method of manufacturing a wiring board using the method, a method of manufacturing a substrate for a semiconductor package, a method of manufacturing a semiconductor package, a wiring board manufactured by the method, a substrate for semiconductor package, and a semiconductor package About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an anisotropic conductive adhesive is used for the connection between the substrate and the substrate, and as a special method, a resin having a large curing shrinkage is used to contact the semiconductor chip and the substrate. There is known a method in which the resin is cured and shrunk in a state in which it is kept in contact, and the contact is maintained by the shrinkage force.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although anisotropic conductive adhesives have improved considerably in performance, they can be used in places where current is small, but are difficult to use in circuits that require large currents such as CPUs. There is a problem of being.
In addition, the method using curing shrinkage generally has a problem that the contact tends to be a point contact, which is also difficult to use for a high-current circuit, and the generation of noise due to the point contact cannot be ignored and is not practical. there were.
[0004]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for connecting substrates with low connection resistance and high connection reliability.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is characterized by the following.
(1) A method for connecting substrates, in which two substrates having connection terminals are arranged so that the connection terminals face each other, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to one substrate in the surface direction of the substrate, and the two substrates are pressed.
(2) Two substrates having connection terminals are arranged so that the connection terminals face each other, an adhesive resin layer is sandwiched between them, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to one substrate in the surface direction of the two substrates. Board connection method for pressing the board.
(3) The substrate connection method according to (1) or (2), wherein a connection terminal of at least one substrate is formed with protrusions.
(4) The board | substrate connection method in any one of (1)-(3) whose one board | substrate is a semiconductor chip.
(5) Manufacture of a wiring board for connecting two substrates having connection terminals so that the connection terminals face each other and pressing the two substrates while applying ultrasonic vibration to one substrate in the surface direction of the substrate. Method.
(6) Two substrates having connection terminals are arranged so that the connection terminals face each other, an adhesive resin layer is sandwiched therebetween, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to one substrate in the surface direction of the two substrates. A method of manufacturing a wiring board for pressing and connecting a substrate.
(7) The method for manufacturing a wiring board according to (5) or (6), wherein a connection terminal of at least one substrate is formed with a protrusion.
(8) A wiring board manufactured by any one of the methods (5) to (7).
(9) The connection terminal of the substrate is formed so as to face the connection terminal of the semiconductor chip, and the size of the connection terminal is larger than the size of the connection terminal of the semiconductor chip by the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration at the time of connection. A method for manufacturing a substrate for a semiconductor package that is greatly formed.
(10) The connection terminal of the substrate is formed so as to face the connection terminal of the semiconductor chip, and the size of the connection terminal of the semiconductor chip is larger than the size of the connection terminal of the substrate by the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration at the time of connection. A manufacturing method of a substrate for a semiconductor package formed larger than the above.
(11) The connection terminal of the substrate is formed so as to face the connection terminal of the semiconductor chip, and the difference between the size of the connection terminal of the semiconductor chip and the size of the connection terminal of the substrate is the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration at the time of connection. A manufacturing method of a substrate for a semiconductor package formed so as to be within minutes.
(12) The method for manufacturing a semiconductor package substrate according to any one of (9) to (11), wherein a connection terminal of the substrate is formed with a protrusion.
(13) A semiconductor package substrate manufactured by the method according to any one of (9) to (12).
(14) A substrate having a connection terminal and a semiconductor chip are arranged so that the connection terminals face each other, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the substrate or the semiconductor chip in the surface direction of the substrate or the semiconductor chip, and the substrate and the semiconductor chip are pressed. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor package to be connected.
(15) A substrate having a connection terminal and a semiconductor chip are arranged so that the connection terminals face each other, and an adhesive resin layer is sandwiched therebetween, and the substrate or the semiconductor chip is ultrasonically vibrated in the surface direction of the substrate or the semiconductor chip. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor package, in which a substrate and a semiconductor chip are pressed and connected while adding.
(16) The method for manufacturing a semiconductor package according to (14) or (15), wherein a connection terminal of a substrate or a semiconductor chip is formed with a protrusion.
(17) A semiconductor package manufactured by the method according to any one of (14) to (16).
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The two substrates having connection terminals may be ordinary circuit substrates or semiconductor chips. In the case of a circuit board, the connection terminal may be formed at the same time as the wiring conductor, and can be formed by etching away an unnecessary portion of a metal foil such as a copper foil. It can also be formed only by electroless plating. Furthermore, a protruding conductor called a bump may be formed on the connection terminal. To form this bump, half-etch the part other than the relatively thick conductor protrusion in the thickness direction to form the protrusion, and leave the thinner conductor circuit part etched. It can be formed by removing. In another method, after the circuit is formed, only the connection terminal portion is thickened by plating. When the substrate is a semiconductor chip, the connection terminal is usually made of aluminum, but the surface can be plated with noble metal such as nickel, gold, platinum, etc. Protrusions can also be formed.
[0007]
The adhesive resin layer sandwiched between them is made of uncured and / or semi-cured thermosetting resin, photocurable resin, thermoplastic resin, unvulcanized (uncrosslinked) rubber, or anaerobic adhesive. Can do.
Thermosetting resins include epoxy resin, bismaleimide triazine resin, polyimide resin, cyanoacrylate resin, phenol resin, unsaturated polyester resin, melamine resin, urea resin, polyisocyanate resin, furan resin, resorcinol resin, xylene resin, benzoguanamine One or more selected from resin, diallyl phthalate resin, siloxane-modified epoxy resin, siloxane-modified polyamideimide resin, benzocyclobutene resin, and the like, and if necessary, the curing agent, curing accelerator and the like were mixed. The thing which heated these and made these semi-hardened can be used. These resins can be applied directly to the place where the substrate and the substrate or the substrate and the semiconductor chip are connected, but a plastic film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film or a metal foil such as a copper foil or an aluminum foil is used as a carrier. The adhesive sheet is applied to the surface, dried by heating and dried to form a dry film, cut to the required size, and directly laminated or temporarily bonded to the place where the substrate and the substrate are connected to the substrate. It can also be used by bonding.
As the photocurable resin, one or more selected from unsaturated polyester resin, polyester acrylate resin, urethane acrylate resin, silicone acrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, and the like, and if necessary, the photoinitiator, A mixture of a curing agent, a curing accelerator, or the like, or a mixture obtained by exposing or heating the mixture to a semi-cured state can be used. These resins can be applied directly to the place where the substrate and the substrate or the substrate and the semiconductor chip are connected, but a plastic film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film or a metal foil such as a copper foil or an aluminum foil is used as a carrier. It is applied to the surface, exposed, heated and dried to form a dry film adhesive sheet, cut to the required size, and laminated directly to the location where the substrate and substrate or semiconductor chip are connected It can also be used after temporarily bonding.
As thermoplastic resins, polycarbonate resins, polysulfone resins, polyetherimide resins, thermoplastic polyimide resins, tetrafluoroethylene resins, hexafluoropolypropylene resins, polyetheretherketone resins, vinyl chloride resins, polyethylene resins, polyamideimides A mixture of one or more selected from resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyoxybenzoate resin, etc. and, if necessary, a curing agent, a curing accelerator, or the like, or these are heated to be semi-cured Can be used. These resins can be applied directly to the place where the substrate and the substrate or the substrate and the semiconductor chip are connected, but a plastic film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film or a metal foil such as a copper foil or an aluminum foil is used as a carrier. The adhesive sheet is applied to the surface, dried by heating and dried to form a dry film, cut to the required size, and directly laminated or temporarily bonded to the place where the substrate and the substrate are connected to the substrate. It can also be used by bonding.
As the unvulcanized (uncrosslinked) rubber, one or more selected from natural rubber, nitrile rubber, butadiene rubber, silicone rubber, isobutylene rubber, etc. and, if necessary, the crosslinking agent are mixed. Or a semi-cured product obtained by heating these can be used. These resins can be applied directly to the place where the substrate and the substrate or the substrate and the semiconductor chip are connected, but a plastic film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film or a metal foil such as a copper foil or an aluminum foil is used as a carrier. The adhesive sheet is applied to the surface, dried by heating and dried to form a dry film, cut to the required size, and directly laminated or temporarily bonded to the place where the substrate and the substrate are connected to the substrate. It can also be used by bonding.
Furthermore, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate can also be used as an anaerobic adhesive.
These adhesive resin layers may be a copolymer or a mixture of different resins, and may further contain an inorganic filler such as silica or metal oxide, and may be nickel, gold, Further, conductive particles such as silver or resin particles plated with these metals may be used.
[0008]
In order to press two substrates while applying ultrasonic vibration to one substrate in the surface direction of the substrate, the lower substrate is fixed to the work plate and the upper substrate is fixed in parallel to the ultrasonic vibration axis. It is preferable to use a device having a mechanism for fixing to the top and pressing the fixture from above, and the connection conditions at that time are preferably in the range of the following conditions. As an apparatus for connecting in such a range, it is a commercially available apparatus and includes SH50MP (trade name, manufactured by Artex Co., Ltd.).
The connection conditions are as follows: pressure: 0.1 to 10 MPa, ultrasonic frequency: 20 to 500 kHz, vibration amplitude: 0.01 μm or more, pressurization time: 0.5 seconds or more, ultrasonic application time: 0 The ultrasonic wave and pressurization timing may be within a range of 0.01 seconds or more, and the application of the ultrasonic wave may be started within the pressurization time and the application may be completed within the pressurization time.
If the pressure is less than 0.1 MPa, adhesive remains between the opposing connection terminals, metal diffusion at the time of connection may not be sufficient, and connection resistance may increase. If the pressure exceeds 10 MPa, the connection terminals And wiring may be destroyed. More preferably, it is the range of 0.3-4.0 MPa.
If the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is less than 20 kHz, the energy of transmission is large, and it becomes difficult to control the size suitable for connection. If the frequency exceeds 500 kHz, the energy of transmission is small, and between the connecting terminals facing each other. The adhesive remains in the metal, and the diffusion of the metal at the time of connection is not sufficient, which may increase the connection resistance. More preferably, it is the range of 40-100 kHz.
If the vibration amplitude is less than 0.01 μm, the adhesive remains between the connecting terminals facing each other, so that the metal is not sufficiently diffused at the time of connection, and the connection resistance may be increased. More preferably, it is the range of 0.1-10 micrometers.
If the pressurization time is less than 0.5 seconds, adhesive remains between the opposing connection terminals, metal diffusion at the time of connection is not sufficient, connection resistance may increase, and connection reliability may be reduced. When the pressurization time is long, productivity is lowered. More preferably, it is within 100 seconds.
When the application time of the ultrasonic wave is less than 0.01 seconds, an adhesive remains between the opposing connection terminals, metal diffusion at the time of connection is not sufficient, connection resistance increases, and connection reliability decreases. If the application time is long, there is a risk that the productivity may be reduced or the connection terminals and wiring may be destroyed. More preferably, it is within 10 seconds.
If the application timing of the ultrasonic waves is not during pressurization, the connection terminals may be damaged or the alignment at the time of connection may not be accurately performed.
[0009]
【Example】
Example 1
(1) Fabrication of a circuit board As shown in FIG. 1A, a copper foil for a flexible wiring board in which a 35 μm thick copper foil is used as a circuit conductor 1 and bonded to a 25 μm thick polyimide film as a carrier 2 A film was prepared.
An etching resist was formed on the copper foil having a thickness of 35 μm at a portion to be the bump 3 and half-etched by 20 μm in the thickness direction, and the etching resist was peeled and removed.
Furthermore, a liquid resist is applied to the front surface, heated and dried, a photomask that transmits light is superimposed on the circuit shape, irradiated with 80 mJ / cm 2 of ultraviolet light, developed with a developer to form an etching resist, The portion having a thickness of 15 μm was removed by etching to form a circuit including a first connection terminal having a bump 3 having a thickness of 35 μm as shown in FIG.
(2) Preparation of adhesive layer The total adhesion of the following composition was prepared.
Figure 0004691759
(3) Connection On the circuit board 32 shown in FIG. 1 (b), the resin is applied twice on a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 80 μm so as to form an adhesive layer 4 having a thickness of about 45 μm. A dry film-like product dried for 10 minutes was cut to approximately the same size as the semiconductor chip 5 and laminated on the circuit board 32 at a pressure of 0.1 MPa at 80 ° C. for 5 seconds (see FIG. 1C). Show.)
Next, the circuit board 32 is fixed to a work plate (not shown), and the semiconductor chip 5 having the second connection terminals 6 as shown in FIG. 5 is aligned with the alignment pattern provided on the circuit board 32, and a fixture connected to the ultrasonic vibration shaft is stacked on the semiconductor chip 5 so that the pressure is 1.7 MPa. The ultrasonic vibration is adjusted to 50 kHz and the amplitude is 3 μm, the semiconductor chip is heated to 180 ° C., and the ultrasonic vibration is applied for 0.2 seconds while pressurizing for 5 seconds to connect the circuit board 32 and the semiconductor chip 5. (Shown in FIG. 1 (e)).
[0010]
Example 2
(1) Fabrication of circuit board The same one as in Example 1 was used.
(2) A resin having the following composition was prepared as a preparation resin for the adhesive layer.
Figure 0004691759
This resin was applied twice to a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 80 μm so as to have a thickness of 45 μm, and dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a dry film.
(3) Connection On the circuit board 32 shown in FIG. 1 (b), the resin is cut into approximately the same size as the semiconductor chip 51 and bonded to the surface of the semiconductor chip 51 where the third connection terminals 61 are provided. And temporarily fixed (shown in FIG. 1 (f)).
Next, the circuit board 32 is fixed to a work plate (not shown), and a semiconductor chip 51 having a third connection terminal 61 to which an insulating layer 41 is bonded as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1G, alignment is performed so that the corner portion of the semiconductor chip 51 and the alignment pattern (not shown) provided on the circuit substrate 32 overlap with each other on the circuit substrate 32. A fixture connected to an ultrasonically vibrating shaft is placed on the chip 51, the pressure is adjusted to 1.7 MPa, the ultrasonic vibration is adjusted to 50 kHz, the amplitude is 3 μm, and the ultrasonic wave is applied for 54 seconds while pressing. Vibration was applied for 0.2 seconds to connect the circuit board 32 and the semiconductor chip 51 (shown in FIG. 1E).
[0010]
Comparative Example 1
The connection was made in the same manner as in Example 1 except that pressure was applied without applying ultrasonic waves at the time of connection.
[0011]
Comparative Example 2
The connection was made in the same manner as in Example 2 except that no ultrasonic wave was applied at the time of connection and pressure was applied.
[0012]
The time required for connection was 5 seconds for Examples 1 and 2, 10 seconds for Comparative Example 1, and 20 seconds for Comparative Example 2.
When the connection resistance of the semiconductor chip mounting substrate thus manufactured was examined, Example 1 was 17 mΩ, Example 2 was 19 mΩ, Comparative Example 1 was 40 mΩ, and Comparative Example 2 was 36 mΩ.
As a result of examining the metal composition of the connecting portion using an Auger spectroscopic analyzer, in Examples 1 and 2, an alloy layer was formed in the connecting portion, whereas in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, an alloy layer was formed. It wasn't. The surface of the connection terminal on the semiconductor chip side of the connection part of Example 1 is shown in the photograph of FIG. 2, and the surface of the connection terminal of the semiconductor chip of the connection part of Comparative Example 1 is shown in the photograph of FIG. In FIG. 2, the part that is shining white (indicated by B in the figure) is the part that is alloyed. Some are not alloyed (indicated by A in the figure), but sufficient connection reliability is obtained as described later.
In addition, in order to investigate the reliability of the connection, a thermal shock test was performed in which the cycle was 15 minutes at 125 ° C. and 15 minutes at −55 ° C., and the number of cycles in which the connection resistance exceeded the original 10% was examined. However, in Examples 1 and 2, it was 1000 cycles or more, but in Comparative Example 1, it was 700 cycles, and in Comparative Example 2, it was 500 cycles.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for connecting substrates with low connection resistance and high connection reliability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A to 1E are cross-sectional views in respective steps for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1F and 1G illustrate another embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing for doing.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a top surface metallographic structure of a terminal portion of a semiconductor chip for explaining an effect of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the upper surface metallographic structure of a terminal portion of a semiconductor chip in a comparative example for explaining the effect of one embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Circuit conductor 2. Carrier 3. Bump 31. First connection terminal 32. Circuit board 4. Insulating layer 41. Insulating layers 5, 51. Semiconductor chips 6, 61. Second connection terminal

Claims (3)

接続端子を有する2つの基板であって、少なくとも一方の基板の接続端子に突起を形成したものを、互いの接続端子が向かい合うようにし、その間に、接着剤シートとした接着性樹脂層を挟み、加熱下において一方の基板にその基板の面方向に超音波振動を加えながら、2つの基板を押し付ける基板の接続方法であって、
前記2つの基板の押し付けを、圧力0.1〜10MPa、加圧時間0.5秒以上の条件下で行い、前記超音波振動を、周波数20〜500kHz、振幅0.01μm以上、印加時間0.01秒以上の条件で加え、かつ加圧時間内に超音波の印加を開始し、加圧時間内に印加を終了させることを特徴とする基板の接続方法。
Two substrates having connection terminals, in which protrusions are formed on the connection terminals of at least one substrate, so that the connection terminals face each other, and an adhesive resin layer as an adhesive sheet is sandwiched therebetween, A substrate connection method in which two substrates are pressed while applying ultrasonic vibration to one substrate under heating in the surface direction of the substrate ,
The two substrates are pressed under conditions of a pressure of 0.1 to 10 MPa and a pressurization time of 0.5 seconds or more, and the ultrasonic vibration is performed at a frequency of 20 to 500 kHz, an amplitude of 0.01 μm or more, and an application time of 0. A method for connecting a substrate, which is applied under a condition of 01 seconds or longer, starts applying an ultrasonic wave within a pressurizing time, and ends the application within the pressurizing time.
前記突起が、導体の突起部分以外の個所を厚さ方向にハーフエッチして形成されてなる請求項1に記載の基板の接続方法。2. The method of connecting substrates according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is formed by half-etching a portion other than the protrusion portion of the conductor in the thickness direction. 一方の基板が、半導体チップである請求項1又は2に記載の基板の接続方法。  The substrate connection method according to claim 1, wherein the one substrate is a semiconductor chip.
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JPH1126511A (en) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Mounting method for work with bumps
JPH11284022A (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Semiconductor device and manufacture thereof
JP2000036520A (en) * 1998-05-15 2000-02-02 Nec Corp Method for mounting flip chip and device therefor
JP2000068327A (en) * 1998-08-20 2000-03-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Component mounting method and apparatus
JP2000150560A (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-30 Seiko Epson Corp Bump forming method, bump forming bonding tool, semiconductor wafer, semiconductor chip, semiconductor device, manufacture thereof, circuit substrate and electronic machine

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1126511A (en) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Mounting method for work with bumps
JPH11284022A (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Semiconductor device and manufacture thereof
JP2000036520A (en) * 1998-05-15 2000-02-02 Nec Corp Method for mounting flip chip and device therefor
JP2000068327A (en) * 1998-08-20 2000-03-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Component mounting method and apparatus
JP2000150560A (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-30 Seiko Epson Corp Bump forming method, bump forming bonding tool, semiconductor wafer, semiconductor chip, semiconductor device, manufacture thereof, circuit substrate and electronic machine

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