JP4685516B2 - Rotating electric machine armature - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of an armature of a rotating electrical machine that constitutes an electrical component.

  Generally, in an armature of this type of rotating electrical machine, a plurality of axially long slots are formed on the outer periphery of a core that is fitted and fixed to a shaft, and a plurality of commutator pieces provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft are electrically connected to adjacent pairs. There is a configuration in which a plurality of coils are wound in a circumferential direction by repeating a winding operation in which windings are wound between slots positioned at a predetermined interval. In such a rotating electrical machine, the windings conducted to the pair of commutator pieces are conventionally formed by winding a preset number of times between any one slot. For this reason, in the case where the contact relationship between the commutator piece and the brush is displaced and the timing of shifting to the adjacent commutator piece between the brushes is shifted, the conduction timing to each corresponding coil There is a problem that the excitation balance is lost due to misalignment, causing vibration and abnormal noise, especially when the rotating electrical machine is driven at a high voltage, and the occurrence of the vibration and abnormal noise becomes noticeable and improved. Is desired.

As an improvement measure, for example, in an armature supported by a yoke having a four-pole magnetic pole, windings connected to a pair of commutator pieces are connected in series in a radial direction, that is, between slots facing the same pole. It has been proposed to reduce the balance of magnetic balance by winding in such a relationship.
JP 2002-305861 A

  By the way, when configuring an armature in this way, the total number of turns of a winding wound between arbitrary slots depends on the inner diameter of the yoke constituting the rotating electrical machine, the strength of the magnetic force formed on the yoke, and the requirements. It is determined according to the number of rotations and the rotation output (torque), and accordingly is set as appropriate based on the purpose of use and the environment of use of the rotating electrical machine. On the other hand, when the coil connected to the pair of commutator pieces is divided into two places in the circumferential direction as in the conventional case, when the total number of turns wound around the slot is M, The number of turns to be wound around the coil is M / 2, but if the total number of turns M is an even number, the two coils can be wound with the same number of turns, and a well-balanced armature It can be. On the other hand, if M is an odd number, both coils cannot be wound with the same number of turns, and either one of the two coils connected to the pair of commutator pieces is wound many times. In this case, the magnetic balance is lowered and the original purpose is lost. As described above, when the coils connected to the adjacent commutator pieces are divided into a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, the number of windings wound between arbitrary slots must be limited. There is a problem that the degree of freedom is lowered, and there is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

The present invention was created for the purpose of solving these problems in view of the above circumstances, and the invention of claim 1 is such that P is an even number of 4 or more and a is a natural number of 1 or more. When an armature supported by a yoke having P magnetic poles is formed, a winding is wound M times between arbitrary slots of a core having circumferential (a × P) teeth formed on the outer periphery. In the case of winding a coil of windings, the coils that are electrically connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces are P pieces in which forward winding and reverse winding are alternately wound around P slots in the circumferential direction facing each magnetic pole. If the total number of turns M between the slots is not a multiple of P (n × P), at least (P / 2) of the coils connected in series that face the same pole. The number of coil turns is set to be the same number. Is.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the total number of turns M is set to a number obtained by adding a number obtained by dividing P by 2 (P / 2) to a multiple of P (n × P). The coil conducting to the pair of commutator pieces is wound n times with (P / 2) coils facing one magnetic pole, and (n + 1) coils facing (P / 2) the other magnetic pole. It is what is wound around.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the total number of turns M is set to a number obtained by adding a number obtained by dividing P by 2 (P / 2) to a multiple of P (n × P). The P coils that are electrically connected to the pair of commutator pieces are n times between each slot and half-turned around one slot between the slots.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pair of adjacent commutators when the total number of turns M is a multiple of 4 (n × 4) plus 1 or 3 when P is 4. The four coils that conduct to one piece are the two coils that face one magnetic pole, and the half that is wound around one slot between each slot in addition to the number of turns of the two coils that face the other magnetic pole. An armature of a rotating electric machine that has been wound around.
According to the invention of claim 5, when P is a multiple of 4 and a is a natural number of 1 or more, armatures supported by a yoke on which P magnetic poles are formed are arranged in a circumferential direction (a × P). A coil that is wound with M windings is wound between arbitrary slots of the core on which the teeth are formed, and the coil that is electrically connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces has a circumference facing the same pole. It is assumed that (P / 2) pieces wound in the same direction in slots in the rotational direction (P / 2) are connected in series, and the total number M of windings between the slots is determined by the pair of commutator pieces. A pair of adjacent rectifiers set to a multiple of the number of conducting coils (n × P / 2) plus a number obtained by dividing the number of coils by 2 ((P / 2) / 2) or subtracted. Each coil conducting to the child piece is n or (n + 1) times between each slot, and each slot A half turn is wound around one slot in between.

According to the invention of claim 1, an armature with excellent magnetic balance can be formed without impairing the degree of freedom of the number M of windings of the winding wound between arbitrary slots.
According to the invention of claim 2 or 3, an armature with excellent magnetic balance can be formed without impairing the degree of freedom in selecting the number of turns M of windings wound between arbitrary slots.
According to the invention of claim 4, it is possible to obtain an armature with excellent magnetic balance regardless of the number M of windings wound between arbitrary slots.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, an armature with excellent magnetic balance can be formed without impairing the degree of freedom of the number M of windings wound between arbitrary slots.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings of FIGS.
In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes an electric motor (rotary electric machine) serving as a drive source for electrical components mounted on a vehicle, and an inner periphery of a motor housing (yoke) 2 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape constituting the electric motor 1. Two pairs of permanent magnets 3 are fixed to the surface in the circumferential direction, and thereby, a four-pole electric motor 1 is formed in which four (P = 4) magnetic poles are formed in the motor housing 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes an armature, and an armature core (core) 6 formed by laminating a plurality of ring-shaped plate materials 6 a is integrally fitted on a shaft (armature shaft) 5 constituting the armature 4. In addition, a commutator (commutator) 7 is externally fitted and fixed at one end of the armature core 6. The shaft 5 of the armature 4 is mounted so that the other side portion (base end portion) is supported by the motor housing 2 via a bearing 2 a and is rotatable in the motor housing 2. A cover 2b is provided at the opening end of the motor housing 2, and a brush holder stay 8 is integrally fitted and supported by the cover 2b. The brush holder stay 8 is formed with brush holders 8a located at four places in the circumferential direction, and brushes 8b are respectively housed in the brush holders 8a so as to be able to appear and retract. Each of the brushes 8b is configured such that a protruding tip portion (inner diameter side tip portion) abuts (contacts) the commutator 7 in an elastic manner, whereby an external power source is applied to the commutator 7 via the brush 8b. These basic configurations are the same as before.

The ring-shaped plate member 6a constituting the armature core 6 has a plurality of T-shaped teeth 6b projecting radially on the outer peripheral portion (in this embodiment, 20 (20 = 5 × 4 (a × P )) Pieces are formed, and a plurality of these plate members 6a are fitted around the shaft 5 in a non-rotating manner so that a shaft is formed between the adjacent teeth 6b on the outer periphery of the armature core 6. The dovetail-shaped slots 6c that are recessed in the core direction are long in the axial direction, and a plurality (20 pieces) are formed in the circumferential direction.
On the other hand, the commutator 7 is configured so that a plurality of axially long plate-like commutator pieces 7a (20 in the present embodiment) formed of a conductive material on the outer peripheral surface are circumferentially insulated from each other. A riser 7b that is folded back to the outer diameter side is integrally formed at the end of each commutator piece 7a facing the armature core 6 side.

  Then, an enamel-wrapped winding 9 is wound between the slots 6c located at an arbitrary position of the armature core 6 and at a predetermined interval by a winding procedure as will be described later. A plurality of coils 10 are wound around the armature 4 to form the armature 4. The windings 9 serving as the winding start ends and the winding end ends of the coils 10 are commutator pieces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The coil 9 that is wound around the riser 7b of 7a and is wound around the riser 7b and serving as a winding start end and a winding end end is fused to the commutator piece 7a, whereby the commutator piece 7a and the winding 9 In this way, the coil 10 is excited based on the fact that external power is supplied to the commutator piece 7a via the brush 8b. Configured to That.

The coil 10 wound around the armature 4 according to the present embodiment is wound based on a lap winding method in which the winding 9 is wound sequentially between the slots 6c obtained by skipping the three slots 6c. The winding 9 connected to the commutator piece 7a to be wound is set to be wound between the slots 6c at four places in the circumferential direction, that is, at positions facing all the magnetic poles. The coil 10 is formed in a state of being connected in series. For this reason, four coils 10 connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces 7a at different positions are formed between arbitrary slots 6c, and windings of the windings 9 of these four coils 10 are formed. The sum of the number of times is set so as to correspond to the number of turns M of the winding 9 in the slot 6c.
In the present embodiment, the electric motor 1 is a quadrupole type. For this reason, the total number of turns (total number) M of the windings 9 wound between the arbitrary slots 6c is the number of magnetic poles P (4). If it is set to a multiple, the armature 4 having a good magnetic balance can be obtained by winding the number of turns of each of the four coils 10 as the number of turns of the total number of turns M divided by 4. The total number of turns M is not a multiple of the number of magnetic poles P. That is, when the total number of turns M is divided by the number of magnetic poles P, the number of turns is not divisible by 4, and the remainder of 1 or 2 or 3 appears. If it is desired to do so, the four coils 10 connected to the adjacent commutator pieces 7a cannot be wound with the same number of turns, resulting in an armature with poor magnetic balance.
In contrast, when the total number of turns M is divided by the number of magnetic poles 4, the remainder is “2” which is the number of magnetic poles 4 divided by 2 (P / 2). In the embodiment, the extra 2 turns are wound around the coil 10 facing the same pole, that is, the number of windings 9 wound around the coil 10 facing one pole (for example, N pole) (n times). On the other hand, the winding 9 wound around the coil 10 facing the other pole is wound one extra (n + 1) times, so that at least the number of turns of the coil 10 facing the same pole is equalized. Thereby, the magnetic balance of the armature 4 is made excellent.

A winding procedure of the winding 9 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a developed view of the commutator piece 7a (riser 7b) of the armature 4 and the teeth 6b, and the permanent magnet 3 fixed to the motor housing 2 side, between the adjacent teeth 6b. The gap corresponds to the slot 6c. And in these drawings, each commutator piece 7a, each tooth 6b, and the wound coil 10 are respectively given reference numerals, and the winding procedure will be described based on them.

  In the present embodiment, the total number of turns M of the winding 9 wound between the arbitrary slots 6c is set to be 42 (P = 4, n = 10). Since the total number of turns M is 2 when divided by the number of magnetic poles 4, the number of turns of each winding 9 of the four coils 10 in the circumferential direction connected to the pair of adjacent commutator pieces 7a is: The number of windings is set to 10 between the poles facing the N pole as one magnetic pole, and the number of windings is set to 11 between the poles facing the S pole as the other magnetic pole. By making the coils 10 facing each other the same number of turns, the magnetic balance of the armature 4 is made excellent.

That is, when the winding 9 starts to be wound in a state where one end is suspended so as to be conducted to the third riser, for example, the winding 9 suspended around the third riser is between the first and second teeth. By being wound 10 times in the forward winding direction between the slot 6c between the 1st and 2nd teeth and the slot 6c between the 5th and 6th teeth, the N pole is drawn into the slot 6c. Opposing (3-1) number (first) coil 10 is formed (wound).
Subsequently, the winding 9 drawn to the commutator 7 side of the 5-6th tooth is drawn into the 10-11th tooth, and between the slot 6c and the 6th-7th tooth between the 10-11th tooth. Between the slot 6c, the winding direction is reversed and the winding is wound 11 times, so that the (3-1) coil has a circumferential angle of 90 degrees (360 degrees divided by the number of magnetic poles 4). The (3-2) -th (second) coil 10 is formed which is in the rotational direction and faces the S pole adjacent to the N pole.

  Further, in this case, the winding 9 drawn out from the commutator 7 side of the slot 6c between the 6th and 7th teeth is drawn into the slot 6c between the 11th and 12th teeth, and between the 11th and 12th teeth. Between the slot 6c and the slot 6c between the 15th and 16th teeth, by winding 10 times with the winding direction as the forward winding, an angular interval of 90 degrees existed with the (3-2) coil. In this state, the (3-3) th (third) coil 10 facing the N pole adjacent to the S pole is formed. Subsequently, the winding 9 drawn out from the slot 6c between the 15th and 16th teeth to the commutator 7 side is drawn into the slot 6c between the 20th and 1st teeth, and the slot 6c between the 20th and 1st teeth. And the slot 6c between the 16th and 17th teeth by winding 11 times with the winding direction reversed, so that the (3-3) coil has an angular interval of 90 degrees. There is formed a (3-4) -th (fourth) coil 10 facing the S pole adjacent to the N pole. The windings 9 drawn from the slots 6c between the 16th and 17th teeth to the commutator 7 side are pulled counterclockwise in FIG. In the state where the coils 10 of (3-1), (3-2), (3-3), (3-4) (first to fourth) are connected in series with the number riser 7b. Furthermore, the first and third coils 10 facing each other in the radial direction are set to have the same number of turns, and the second and fourth coils 10 are set to have the same number of turns.

  The winding 9 wound around the 4th riser is drawn into the slot 6c between the 2nd and 3rd teeth and is wound 10 times between the slot 6c between the 6th and 7th teeth ( 4-1) (first) coil 10 is formed, and then one slot in the circumferential direction for each of coils (3-2), (3-3), and (3-4). In the state where it has moved by 6c, wind 11 times (4-2) (second), 10 times (4-3) (third), 11 times (4-4) (fourth) ), The coil 10 is hung around the 5th riser, and between the 4th riser and the 5th riser, (4-1), (4-2), (4-3), ( 4-4) No. 1 (fourth) coil 10 is set to be wound in a state of being connected in series. 9 is wound to advance the take-while forming four coils 10 to between the commutator segments 7a adjacent sequentially each.

As described above, by winding the windings 9 sequentially, the four first to fourth coils having an angular interval of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction between each pair of adjacent risers 7b. 10 is formed, and between each slot 6c, there is formed an armature 4 in a state where four convenient coils 10 connected to each other between a pair of separate adjacent risers 7b are wound. Thus, the winding 9 is wound 42 times between arbitrary slots, in other words, 42 slots 9 are wound around each slot 6c.
Incidentally, between the slot 6c between the slot 6c between the 1st and 2nd teeth and the slot 6c between the 5th and 6th teeth, it is connected between the 3rd riser and the 4th riser and forward winding. It was connected between the coil (3-1) 10 which was wound 10 times in the mounting direction, and the riser 8 and 9 and was wound 11 times in the reverse winding direction (8-4) No. 10 coil, No. 13 riser and No. 14 riser are connected between No. 13 riser and No. 14 riser and are wound 10 times in the forward winding direction, A (18-2) coil 10 that is connected between and wound 11 times in the reverse winding direction is wound, whereby the slots 6c and 5-6 between the 1-2 teeth are wound. Slot between the teeth In between between the slots 6c of is c, is set as the winding 9 is wound 42 times.

Thus, when the coil 10 connected in series between a pair of adjacent risers 7b is formed at a location facing each magnetic pole, when power is supplied to the winding 9 and the coil 10 is excited, The magnetic force of the armature 4 generated in each coil 10 is point-symmetric so that the balance in the circumferential direction can be maintained even when the excitation timing is deviated.
Further, in this device, the winding 9 is wound in order in the circumferential direction so that the length of the winding 9 traversing between the slot 6c forming portion (armature core 6) and the riser 7b forming portion (commutator 7) is increased. The length is shortened so that the so-called roll over can be prevented.
In addition, the total number of turns M of the winding 9 wound between arbitrary slots is set to 42 which cannot be divided by the number of magnetic poles, while the coil 10 connected between a pair of adjacent risers 7b. Of these, the first and third coils 10 and the second and fourth coils 10, which are comrades facing each other in the radial direction, are wound so as to have the same number of turns, so that the armature 4 has a magnetic balance. It is configured so as not to be damaged.

In the present embodiment configured as described, when winding the winding 9 around the armature core 6 of the electric motor 1, the winding 9 is placed between each adjacent pair of commutator pieces 7a and each magnetic pole. The first to fourth four coils 10 positioned in the portion between the opposing slots 6c are wound in a state of being connected in series to form the armature 5 with excellent magnetic balance.
Moreover, in this case, the total number of turns M of the winding 9 wound in an arbitrary slot 6c is set to 42 which cannot be divided by the number of magnetic poles P (4). The remainder when M is divided by the number of magnetic poles P (42 divided by 4) is equal to the number of magnetic poles divided by 2, and is connected between a pair of adjacent commutator pieces 7a. The first and third coils 10 facing the north pole of the coil 10 are wound 10 times, and the second and fourth coils 10 facing the south pole are wound 11 times. The total number of turns M wound between 6c is set to 42. For this reason, the number of turns of the coils 10 facing each other with the same polarity is the same, and when each coil 10 is supplied with power and excited, the magnetic balance of the armature core 6 is not impaired. As a result, even if the total number of turns M of the winding 9 is not a multiple of the number of magnetic poles, it is possible to prevent the balance from being lost, and thus the total number of turns M of the winding 9 is limited to a multiple of the number of magnetic poles. It is possible to set the number of windings according to the shape and the output suitable for the purpose and environment of use, and the degree of freedom in design is increased.

  Thus, when the number of magnetic poles P is an even number of 4 or more and a is a natural number of 1 or more, the total number of turns M is set to (nP + P / 2) as described above, and a pair of adjacent commutators A plurality of coils that are connected in series between the pieces and are located at a position facing the magnetic pole are wound n times around the coil facing the one magnetic pole, whereas the other coil By winding the winding once (n + 1) times around the coil facing the magnetic pole, the magnetic balance of the armature can be maintained. As a result, it is possible to configure a rotating electrical machine with an excellent armature magnetic balance without limiting the total number M of windings wound between arbitrary slots to a multiple of the number of magnetic poles. The degree of improvement can be achieved. Specifically, for example, for a six-pole rotating electric machine, the total number of turns M can be set to (6n + 6/3). For an eight-pole rotating electric machine, the total number of turns M can be set to (8n + 8 / It is possible to set the number to be expressed in 2).

On the other hand, in the electric motor 1 having the number of magnetic poles P, when the total number of turns M is set to the number (nP + P / 2), the coil is electrically connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces and wound around a portion between the slots facing each magnetic pole. For each of the coils to be mounted, the winding number of all the coils is made the same by winding the winding only in one slot constituting the slot, so that the magnetic balance is further improved. A rotating electrical machine can be configured.
This configuration will be described based on the second embodiment shown in FIGS. The electric motor used here is the same four-pole electric motor 1 as in the first embodiment, and the detailed description of the armature 4 of the electric motor 1 is denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment. A description of the winding procedure will be given.
In this case, when the winding 9 is started to be wound in a state where one end is hung so as to be electrically connected to the third riser, for example, the winding 9 hung around the third riser is (3-1) In order to form the number 10 coil, between the slots 6c between the 1st and 2nd teeth and between the 5th and 6th teeth, it is wound 10 times in the forward winding direction, and the winding 9 is The second tooth is pulled halfway from the commutator 7 side to the anticommutator 7 side, thereby forming the (3-1) th (first) coil 10 of 10.5 turns. . Then, the winding wire 9 routed to the side of the anti-commutator 7 is routed to the side of the commutator 7 between the 6th-7th teeth, which is the position where the coil 10 is formed (3-2). The number 10 coil is half-turned, and the winding 9 is subsequently turned 10 times between the slot 6c between the 10-11th tooth and the slot 6c between the 6th-7th tooth with the winding direction reversed. By winding, the (3-2) -th (second) coil 10 having the number of turns of 10.5 is formed.

In this case, the winding 9 drawn out from the slot 6c between the 6th and 7th teeth to the commutator 7 side is connected to the slot 6c between the 11th and 12th teeth and the slot 6c between the 15th and 16th teeth. The winding 9 is wound 10 times with the winding direction as the forward winding, and the winding 9 drawn to the commutator 7 side is drawn into the slot 6c between the 11th and 12th teeth because it is between the 15th and 16th teeth. Thus, the coil 10 is wound halfway by being wound on the anti-commutator 7 side, and thereby, the (3-3) th (third) coil 10 having 10.5 turns is formed. Subsequently, the winding 9 drawn out from the slot 6c between the 11th and 12th teeth to the counter commutator 7 side is connected to the slot 6c between the 16th and 17th teeth at the position where the (3-4) coil 10 is formed. To the commutator 7 side to make a half turn winding, and the winding routed to the commutator 7 side is divided into a slot 6c between the 20th tooth and a slot 6c between the 16th and 17th teeth. In the meantime, by winding 10 times with the winding direction reversely wound, the (3-4) -th (fourth) coil 10 of 10.5 turns is formed. Then, the winding 9 drawn from the slot 6c between the teeth 16-17 to the commutator 7 side is turned counterclockwise in FIG. Between the risers, the coils 10 of (3-1), (3-2), (3-3), (3-4) (first to fourth) are wound in series, In addition, the number of windings between the first, second, third, and fourth coils 10 is set to be wound in a state where they are all equal to 10.5.
Incidentally, the winding 9 formed with the fourth coil 10 can be configured to be routed in the clockwise direction and hung around the fourth riser 7b. In this case, the winding on the commutator 7 side is also possible. There is an advantage that the so-called thickening of the winding can be prevented by reducing the drawing amount of 9.

  Then, the winding 9 wound around the 4th riser is wound by repeating the winding procedure similar to the above, and by sequentially winding in this way, between each pair of adjacent risers 7b. Four first to fourth coils 10 having an angular interval of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction and each having a number of turns equal to 10.5 can be formed. Even in this case, between the slots 6c, the armature 4 is formed in a state where four convenient coils 10 connected to each other between a pair of separate adjacent risers 7b are wound. Thus, the winding 9 is configured to be wound 10.5 × 4 = 42 times between arbitrary slots. And when wound in this way, since the number of turns of the winding 9 in the coil 10 connected between a pair of adjacent risers 7b is all equal, the armature 4 with further excellent magnetic balance is configured. can do. Thus, even if the total number of turns M of the winding 9 wound in an arbitrary slot 6c is not a multiple of the number of magnetic poles but a number corresponding to half of the number of magnetic poles, an adjacent riser The winding 9 can be wound without impairing the magnetic balance of the armature 4 by winding it half turn around all the coils 10 connected between 7b.

Next, a third embodiment of FIG. 6 will be described.
This is wound between a pair of adjacent risers 7b so that four coils 10 are connected in series as 10.5 turns, and the number of windings 9 in any slot 6c (arbitrary The total number of turns M) between the slots 6c is 42, which is not divisible by the number of magnetic poles. This is the same configuration as in the second embodiment. Furthermore, in this, among the four coils 10 connected between the pair of adjacent risers 7b, the winding 9 is wound m times more than 10.5 times for the first coil 10 wound first. The second, third, and fourth coils 10 that are wound with a small number of turns are wound 10.5 times respectively, and finally, the first coil is wound again on the first coil. The winding procedure is to wind the first coil 10 10.5 times by adding the coil 10 m times. In such a case, the winding 9 wound around the commutator 7 side is not wound for a long time, and the further increase in winding thickness can be achieved.

By the way, in the four-pole electric motor, the total number M of windings 9 wound between arbitrary slots is the number divisible by the number of magnetic poles four, the ones of the first, second and third embodiments. Thus, there are two numbers, two numbers, one number, and three numbers. In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the total number of turns M is set to a number that can be left by one, that is, the total number of turns M is set to a multiple of the number of magnetic poles plus one. The charging procedure is shown.
This is wound so that n is 10 and the total number of turns M is 41. In this case, of the first, second, third and fourth four coils 10 connected between the pair of adjacent risers 7b, the number of turns of the pair of coils 10 facing one magnetic pole. Since the armature magnetic balance can be improved if the same is used, in the present embodiment, a half turn is added to the first and third coils 10 facing the N pole to reduce the number of turns to 10.5. And the total number of turns M of the winding 9 wound between the arbitrary slots 6c is 41 (10.10). 5 × 2 + 10 × 2 = 41).
Specifically, when the winding 9 starts to be wound in a state in which one end is suspended so as to be electrically connected to the third riser, the winding 9 suspended around the third riser has the number (3-1). In order to form the coil 10, between the slots 6 c between the 1st and 2nd teeth and between the 5th and 6th teeth, the coil 9 is wound 10 times in the forward winding direction. Half-winding is performed by drawing the second tooth from the commutator 7 side to the anti-commutator 7 side, whereby the (3-1) -th coil (3-1) (first) coil 10 is formed. . And the winding 9 routed to the anti-commutator 7 side is between the slot 6c between the 6-7th tooth and the 10-11th tooth, which is the position where the (10-2) th coil 10 is formed. Between the slots 6c, the (10-3) th (second) coil 10 is formed by winding the winding direction 10 times in the reverse direction.

And since the winding 9 drawn out from the slot 6c between the 11th and 12th teeth to the non-commutator 7 side is between the 15th and 16th teeth, which is the position where the coil 10 is formed (3-3), the commutator 7 side The coil (3-3) No. 10 is wound halfway, and between the slot 6c between the 11-12th tooth and the slot 6c between the 15-16th tooth, The winding direction is the forward winding, and the winding 10 is wound 10 times, thereby forming the (3-3) number (third) coil 10 of 10.5 windings. Subsequently, the winding 9 drawn out from the slot 6c between the 15th and 16th teeth to the commutator 7 side is placed between the slot 6c between the 20th and the 16th teeth and the slot 6c between the 16th and 17th teeth. By winding 10 times between the slots 6c with the winding direction reversed, a (3-4) th (fourth) coil 10 of 10 turns is formed. Then, by winding the winding 9 drawn out from the slot 6c between the 16th and 17th teeth around the fourth riser 7b, between the third and fourth risers, (3-1), (3-2) ), (3-3), (3-4) (first to fourth) coils 10 are wound in a state of being connected in series. At this time, the number of turns of the first and third coils 10 facing the N pole is 10.5, and the number of turns of the second and fourth coils 10 is 10 times. Is set to
Thus, even when the total number of turns M is divided by 4 which is the number of magnetic poles, the number of turns of the coils 10 facing each other out of the first to fourth coils 10 is one. Can be wound so that the magnetic balance of the armature is not impaired.
Note that the coil 10 to which the half turn is applied may be configured to face either the north pole or the south pole. In short, the coil 10 facing the same pole is wound half turn to provide a good balance. Become a thing.

If the total number of turns M is set to a multiple of the number of magnetic poles plus 3, for example 43, the coil 10 facing one magnetic pole is wound 11 times, and the coil 10 facing the other magnetic pole is wound. By winding 10.5 times, the total number M of windings 9 wound between the arbitrary slots 6c can be 43 (11 × 2 + 10.5 × 2 = 43). In this way, even when the total number of turns M is divided by 4 which is the number of magnetic poles, the number of turns of the coils 10 facing each other out of the first to fourth coils 10 is three. Can be made the same number so that the magnetic balance of the armature is not compromised.
In addition, the coil 10 that performs the half turn may be the coil 10 at a position facing either the N pole or the S pole. In short, by winding the coil facing the same pole half a turn, It becomes the same as that of the said 4th Embodiment to become a thing with a good balance.

  By winding the winding 9 in such a procedure, in the case of a four-pole electric motor, when four coils are formed between a pair of adjacent risers, the winding wound in an arbitrary slot The total number of turns M can be wound so as not to impair the armature's magnetic balance, and the degree of freedom in design can be greatly improved.

Furthermore, in a rotating electrical machine in which the number of poles P is a multiple of four, a coil conducting to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces is wound in the same direction around a slot in a circumferential direction (P / 2) facing the same pole. In the case of (P / 2) mounted, the number of windings M wound between arbitrary slots is a multiple of the number of coils (P / 2) conducted to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces (P / 2) n × P / 2) can be set to the number obtained by dividing the number of coils (P / 2) by 2 ((P / 2) / 2) or subtracted. In this case, Each coil connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces is half-turned to be wound around one slot between the slots in addition to n or (n + 1) turns between the slots.
A specific example of this is shown in FIG. 8 as a fifth embodiment. This is a four-pole electric motor, and two coils 10 that are electrically connected to a pair of adjacent risers 7b are formed in a radially opposed shape so as to face the N pole. And in this thing, it wound so that the number of the windings 9 wound between arbitrary slots 6c might be 41 (P = 4, set to n = 20). In this case, when the winding 9 starts to be wound in a state where one end is suspended so as to be electrically connected to the third riser, the winding 9 suspended around the third riser has the number (3-1). In order to form the coil 10, it is wound 10 times in the forward winding direction between the slots 6c between the first and second teeth and between the fifth and sixth teeth. By pulling the teeth between the counter commutator 7 side and the counter commutator 7 side, the (10-1) th (first) coil 10 of 10.5 turns is formed as a half turn. Then, since the winding 9 routed to the anti-commutator 7 side is between the 15th and 16th teeth, which is the formation site of the (3-2) -th coil 10, it is routed to the commutator 7 side (3-2). No. 10) coil 10 is wound half turn, and between the slots 6c between the 11th and 12th teeth and the slot 6c between the 15th and 16th teeth, the winding direction is 10 No. (3-2) (second) coil 10 of 10.5 turns is formed. Then, by winding the winding 9 drawn out from the slot 6c between the 15th and 16th teeth around the 4th riser 7b, the number of windings is equal to 10.5 between the 3rd and 4th risers ( The coils 3-1) and (3-2) (first and second) are set to be wound in a state of being connected in series. Then, by sequentially proceeding with winding in such a procedure, an armature having a winding count of 41 between arbitrary slots 6c can be configured, and thus the coil in which the winding count M is conducted between adjacent commutators. Even when it is not divisible by the number (2), an armature with a good magnetic balance can be configured. Therefore, when setting the total number M of windings wound in an arbitrary slot, the setting is performed. The degree of freedom can be greatly improved.

It is a partial cross section side view of an electric motor. It is an expanded view explaining the coil winding state of an armature. It is a front view explaining the coil winding state of an armature. It is an expanded view explaining the coil winding state of the armature in 2nd embodiment. It is a front view explaining the coil winding state of the armature in 2nd embodiment. It is an expanded view explaining the coil winding state of the armature in 3rd embodiment. It is an expanded view explaining the coil winding state of the armature in 4th embodiment. It is an expanded view explaining the coil winding state of the armature in 5th embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor 3 Permanent magnet 4 Armature 6 Armature core 6c Slot 7 Commutator 7a Commutator piece 7b Riser 9 Winding

Claims (5)

  When P is an even number of 4 or more and a is a natural number of 1 or more, an armature supported by a yoke having P magnetic poles is formed, and (a × P) teeth are formed on the outer periphery. In the case of winding a lap coil that winds the winding M times between arbitrary slots of the core, the coil that conducts to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces is a slot in the circumferential direction P facing each magnetic pole. When P windings in which forward winding and reverse winding are alternately wound around are connected in series, and the total number of windings M between the slots is not a multiple of P (n × P), they are at least connected in series. An armature of a rotating electrical machine that is set so that the number of turns of (P / 2) coils facing the same pole among the coils is the same.   In claim 1, the total number of turns M is set to a multiple of P (n × P) plus a number obtained by dividing P by 2 (P / 2), and is connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces. The (P / 2) coils facing one magnetic pole are wound n times, and the (P / 2) coils facing the other magnetic pole are wound (n + 1) times. Electric armature. In claim 1, the total number of turns M is set to a multiple of P (n × P) plus a number obtained by dividing P by 2 (P / 2), and is connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces. The P coils are armatures of a rotating electrical machine in which n turns are made between each slot and half turn is wound around one slot between the slots.   In claim 1, when P is set to 4, when the total number of turns M is a multiple of 4 (n × 4) plus 1 or 3, four conductive elements are connected to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces. The coil is rotated so that the two coils facing one magnetic pole are wound in one turn between each slot in addition to the number of windings of the two coils facing the other magnetic pole. Electric armature.   When P is a multiple of 4 and a is a natural number of 1 or more, an armature supported by a yoke having P magnetic poles is formed, and a core having circumferential (a × P) teeth formed on the outer periphery. In the case of winding a lap coil that winds the winding M times between arbitrary slots, the coil that conducts to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces is in the circumferential direction (P / 2) facing the same pole. It is assumed that (P / 2) pieces wound in the same direction on the slots in the same direction are connected in series, and the total number of turns M between the slots is a multiple of the number of coils conducting to the pair of commutator pieces ( Each coil which is set to a number obtained by adding or subtracting the number of coils divided by 2 ((P / 2) / 2) to n × P / 2) and conducting to a pair of adjacent commutator pieces N or (n + 1) times between each slot and one slot between each slot An armature of a rotating electric machine that is wound halfway around.

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