JP4675976B2 - COMBINATION TYPE IC CARD AND COMMUNICATION TYPE IC CARD COMMUNICATION METHOD - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a contact type interface provided for a financial contact type card used for a bank card or the like, and a non-contact type provided for a traffic type contact type card used for a train or bus, for example. The present invention relates to a combination type IC card provided with both an interface and a communication method for the combination type IC card, and more particularly to determination of whether communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication.

  There are two types of communication interface standards for IC cards that are currently used extensively or are about to be used in the future. One is a financial contact card (clock: 3.5 MHz, 4.9 MHz) used for bank cards, etc. The other is a traffic non-contact card (clock) used for trains, buses, etc. : 13.56 MHz).

  On the other hand, a combination type IC card in which the card functions of these two methods are integrated into one card has been developed and is on the market. This combination IC card with two built-in contact / non-contact interfaces can be used with a single card for both the financial system using the existing contact interface and the transportation system using the non-contact interface. High utility value.

  By the way, in this combination type IC card, means for discriminating whether the environment is an interface using contact or non-contact is necessary. Conventionally, this determination is made by reading the other party's clock to determine whether the other party's machine that is trying to communicate is in contact or non-contact. That is, the combination type IC card makes a determination by reading the other party's clock.

  Specifically, as disclosed in, for example, JP-T-2001-502456 (publication date: February 20, 2001), the clock included in the signal from the antenna coil is disclosed. As a function, the presence / absence is determined as non-contact communication if there is a clock, and contact communication if there is no clock.

  In this case, the non-contact card starts operation upon receiving a signal and energy from the other side by electromagnetic waves, and therefore requires a certain amount of time until the operation is stabilized. For this reason, it has been devised so that it can operate normally even after the method is determined.

  However, in the conventional combination type IC card, since the antenna coil is a parallel resonance circuit, it always oscillates other than 13.56 MHz used for non-contact communication. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not possible to perform stable contact / non-contact determination in determining whether there is a non-contact type communication clock. That is, in the above technology, even when a non-contact communication clock transmitted at a frequency other than 13.56 MHz used for non-contact communication is detected, it is determined that the non-contact communication clock is present, and as a result, malfunction may occur. There is sex.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and its purpose is a combination type IC that can accurately and stably determine whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication. To provide a communication method for a card and a combination type IC card.

In order to solve the above problems, the combination type IC card of the present invention has a contact type interface for reading and writing data via a contact terminal provided on the card, and data transmitted wirelessly to an antenna coil. In a combination type IC card having both a non-contact type interface for receiving and reading / writing the data, the frequency of the contact type communication clock input from the CLK terminal, which is one of the contact terminals, The number of clocks is counted for each of the frequency of the non-contact type communication clock received by the antenna coil, and the internal power source of the combination type IC card is turned on by starting at least one of the contact type communication or the non-contact type communication. Each counter has a counter that starts counting when turned on Discriminating means for discriminating whether the communication is tactile communication or non-contact communication, and non-contact communication clock extracting means for extracting the frequency of the non-contact communication clock received by the antenna coil And a discrimination result maintaining means for holding the contact / non-contact discrimination result after the discrimination by the discrimination means is completed. The discrimination result maintaining means includes a separate counter for counting the input of the discriminated contact-type communication or non-contact-type communication clock for a certain period of time .

  According to the above invention, the discriminating means includes the frequency of the contact communication clock input from the CLK terminal, which is one of the contact terminals, and the frequency of the non-contact communication clock received by the antenna coil. Depending on the difference, it is determined whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication.

In the present invention, after the discrimination of the contact type communication or the non-contact type communication by the discriminating unit is finished, the input of the discriminated contact type communication or the non-contact type communication is input. Discrimination result maintaining means for holding the contact / non-contact discrimination result after counting for a certain time by a separate counter is provided.

Therefore, it is possible to provide a combination type IC card that can accurately and stably determine whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication even in a noisy environment .

Further, the communication method of the combination type IC card according to the present invention includes a contact type interface for reading and writing data via a contact terminal provided on the card, and receiving data transmitted wirelessly by an antenna coil. In the communication method of the combination type IC card provided with both the non-contact type interface for reading and writing the data, the frequency of the contact type communication clock input from the CLK terminal which is one of the contact terminals, The number of clocks is counted for each of the frequency of the non-contact type communication clock received by the antenna coil, and the internal power source of the combination type IC card is turned on by starting at least one of the contact type communication or the non-contact type communication. With each counter starting counting when turned on After a determination step of performing contact communication or non-contact determination of whether it is a communication of the communication, it is one of the determination which of the communication contact communication or contactless communication with the discrimination process has been completed, And a discrimination result maintaining step of holding the contact / non-contact discrimination result after counting the input of either the contact type communication or the non-contact type communication clock by a separate counter for a certain period of time. It is said.

Therefore, it is possible to provide a communication method for a combination IC card that can determine whether the communication is contact-type communication or non-contact-type communication accurately and stably even in a noisy environment.

The present invention provides a combination type IC card and a combination type IC card communication method capable of accurately determining whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication even in a noisy environment. There is an effect that can be.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the combination IC card of the present embodiment has two communication interfaces: a contact communication terminal 10 as a contact terminal and a non-contact communication parallel resonance circuit 20. .

  The contact communication terminal 10 includes a power supply terminal VCC, a reset (RST) terminal, a clock (CLK) terminal, and a serial communication I / O terminal. A contact-type communication clock CLK is input from the outside to the clock (CLK) terminal, and the contact-type communication clock CLK is output to a contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 80 as a discrimination means described later. Yes. A contact-type communication reset signal RSTB is input from the outside to the reset (RST) terminal, and this contact-type communication reset signal RSTB is also output to the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 80. The serial communication I / O terminal is connected to a UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) 1 as a contact communication control means. Therefore, contact communication is performed by the UART 1 when the contact communication terminal 10 is used.

  On the other hand, the antenna coil 21 provided in the non-contact communication parallel resonance circuit 20 forms a parallel resonance circuit with the resonance capacitor 22. The reception signal S1 received by the non-contact communication parallel resonant circuit 20 is half-wave rectified by the bridge diode 2. The half-wave rectified signal S2 is input to the voltage generation circuit 50 through the smoothing capacitor 3, and the voltage generation circuit 50 generates an internal power supply. The half-wave rectified signal S2 is also input to the power-on reset circuit 60. The power-on reset circuit 60 generates a non-contact communication reset signal RFRSTB and supplies it to the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 80. It is designed to output.

  A diode 4 is connected between the input terminal to the voltage generating circuit 50 and the power-on reset circuit 60 for the rectified signal S2 and the power supply terminal VCC in the contact-type communication terminal 10. The voltage excited by the antenna coil 21 is prevented from appearing at the contact communication terminal 10.

  The received signal S1 received by the non-contact communication parallel resonant circuit 20 is demodulated by the demodulation circuit 30 via the detection diode 5 and input to the protocol control circuit 90 as non-contact communication control means. Is done. Further, the reception signal S1 received by the non-contact communication parallel resonant circuit 20 is input to the clock extraction circuit 40, and the clock extraction circuit 40 generates a non-contact communication clock RFCLK.

  The protocol control circuit 90 obtains a signal demodulated by the demodulation circuit 30 and transmits the signal by the modulation circuit 70 during the non-contact communication in which a signal is input from the non-contact communication parallel resonance circuit 20. It has become.

  On the other hand, the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 80 is based on the non-contact communication clock RFCLK generated from the clock extraction circuit 40 and the contact communication clock CLK from the clock (CLK) terminal in the contact communication terminal 10. A determination is made as to whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication depending on the difference in frequency, and a determination signal is output, and a system reset signal and a system clock signal are generated.

  Then, the CPU 6 and the memory 7 are operated by the generated system reset signal and system clock signal.

  Here, the clock extraction circuit 40 as setting means will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the clock extraction circuit 40 includes a capacitor 41, an oscillation circuit 42 including an oscillator inverter 43 and a feedback resistor 44, and a waveform shaping inverter 45.

  In this clock extraction circuit 40, a direct current (DC) component is cut off by a capacitor 41, a signal waveform is taken out by an oscillation circuit 42, and waveform shaping is performed by a waveform shaping inverter 45.

  The oscillating circuit 42 oscillates at 13.56 MHz in synchronization with the received signal S1 from the antenna coil 21 during non-contact tactile communication. That is, since the clock extraction circuit 40 is for a contactless card, it outputs a frequency of 13.56 MHz when there is an input. In other than non-contact tactile communication, the oscillation circuit 42 oscillates at about 1 MHz in the present embodiment. That is, the active frequency is set to be faster than the non-active frequency.

  The oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit 42 is not necessarily limited to about 1 MHz, and may be any frequency of 3.5 MHz or 4.9 MHz.

  Next, another form of the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 180 will be described.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 4, as the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 180, the RS flip-flop 181 is provided with a reset input, whereby the initial state can be determined as the contact type communication state. Thus, the product shipment test can be facilitated by setting the initial state to the contact-type communication state.

  Next, the configuration of the contact / non-contact determination circuit 280 when priority is given to the contact communication state will be described with reference to FIG.

  That is, when using the combination type IC card of the present embodiment, when trying to use in the contact communication mode, if there is a machine for non-contact type communication in the vicinity, there is a problem such as interference. May occur.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in the figure, the value of the non-contact communication counter B that counts the non-contact communication clock RFCLK is periodically cleared by the contact communication clock CLK. Thus, in the case of interference, that is, when both the frequency of the contact communication clock frequency and the frequency of the contactless communication clock are input, the contact communication can be prioritized.

  That is, the high-frequency (non-contact, 13.56 MHz) clock is input to the input of the non-contact type communication counter B, but the low-frequency (contact, 3.5 MHz or 4.9 MHz is always provided at the entrance. ) The clock is reset. Since the counter output in this case does not come out (output “0”), the contact communication mode is set by the inverted output.

  Next, after determining whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication, the configuration of the contact / non-contact determination circuit 480 that holds the contact / non-contact determination result is shown in FIG. I will explain.

  In other words, the contact / non-contact determination counter is connected to the clock input, and even if a determination result is output as it is, there is a risk of malfunction due to the influence of the partner machine or external electromagnetic waves. There is. Therefore, as a countermeasure, in this embodiment, the determination counter is not operated after the contact / non-contact determination is performed once.

  Specifically, as shown in the figure, in the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 480, the selector 482 as the discrimination result maintaining means switches the system clock using the contact / non-contact discrimination result. By discriminating the clock that enters the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 480 after a certain time counted by the counter C by this system clock, the discrimination result can be held.

Thereby, in the combination type IC card of the present embodiment, the selector 482 maintains the determination result after determining whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication. Therefore, after determining whether it is contact-type communication or non-contact-type communication, stable determination is realized even in noisy environments by maintaining the determination result so that the determination result does not change due to noise etc. can do. As a result, it is possible to operate normally even after the method is determined.

  Thus, in the combination type IC card of this embodiment, the contact / non-contact discrimination circuits 180, 280, and 480 are contact type input from the clock (CLK) terminal which is one of the contact type communication terminals 10. Depending on the difference between the frequency of the communication clock CLK and the frequency of the non-contact communication clock RFCLK received by the antenna coil 21, it is determined whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication.

Then, after the contact / non-contact determination circuit 480 determines whether the communication is contact-type communication or non-contact-type communication, the selector 482 as a determination result maintaining unit that holds the contact / non-contact determination result. And the discrimination result maintaining means further includes a counter C as a separate counter that counts the input of the clock of the discriminated contact type communication or non-contact type communication for a certain period of time.

Further, in the combination IC card communication method of the present embodiment, after the discrimination of the contact type communication or the non-contact type communication is completed in the discrimination step , the discriminated contact type communication or non-contact type is determined. A discrimination result maintaining step of holding the contact / non-contact discrimination result after counting the input of any clock of the contact type communication by a separate counter for a certain time is included.

Therefore, it is possible to provide a communication method of a combination-type IC card and the combination type IC card that can do the determination which of the communication is also accurately and stably by contact communication or non-contact type communication in noisy environments .

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the combination type IC card in this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the clock extraction circuit in the said combination type IC card. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit in the reference form of a combination type IC card. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the contact / non-contact discrimination circuit in the combination type IC card in this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the other contact / non-contact discrimination circuit in the said combination type IC card. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the further another contact / non-contact discrimination circuit in the reference form of a combination type IC card. (A)-(d) is a wave form diagram which shows the operation | movement waveform of the said contact / non-contact discrimination circuit. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the other contact / non-contact discrimination circuit in the combination type IC card in this invention.

1 UART (contact communication control means)
2 Bridge diode 6 CPU
7 Memory 10 Contact type communication terminal (contact terminal, contact type interface)
20 Non-contact communication parallel resonant circuit (non-contact interface)
21 antenna coil 30 demodulation circuit 40 clock extraction circuit (setting means)
42 Oscillation circuit 45 Waveform shaping inverter 50 Voltage generation circuit 60 Power-on reset circuit 70 Modulation circuit 80 Contact / non-contact discrimination circuit (discrimination means)
81 RS flip-flop (switching means)
90 Protocol control circuit (control means for non-contact communication)
180 Contact / non-contact discrimination circuit 181 RS flip-flop (switching means)
280 Contact / non-contact discrimination circuit (discrimination means)
380 Contact / non-contact discrimination circuit (discrimination means)
381 1 bit (reset signal generating means)
480 Contact / non-contact discrimination circuit (discrimination means)
481 RS flip-flop (switching means)
482 selector (discrimination result maintaining means)
A counter B counter C counter (separate counter)
CLK Contact-type communication clock RFCLK Non-contact type communication clock RFRSTB Non-contact type communication reset signal RSTB Contact-type communication reset signal S1 Reception signal S2 Rectification signal

Claims (2)

A contact type interface for reading and writing data via a contact terminal provided on the card, and a non-contact type interface for receiving data transmitted wirelessly by an antenna coil and reading and writing the data In combination type IC card with both,
The number of clocks is counted for each of the frequency of the contact-type communication clock input from the CLK terminal which is one of the contact terminals and the frequency of the non-contact-type communication clock received by the antenna coil. Each of which has a counter that starts counting when the internal power supply of the combination IC card is turned on by starting at least one of type communication or non-contact type communication. Determining means for determining whether or not
A non-contact communication clock extracting means for extracting the frequency of the non-contact communication clock received by the antenna coil, and
After determining whether the communication is contact type communication or non-contact type communication by the determination unit, a determination result maintaining unit for holding the contact / non-contact determination result is provided,
The combination result IC card is characterized in that the discrimination result maintaining means includes a separate counter for counting the input of the clock of either the discriminated contact type communication or the non-contact type communication for a predetermined time . A contact type interface for reading and writing data via a contact terminal provided on the card, and a non-contact type interface for receiving data transmitted wirelessly by an antenna coil and reading and writing the data In a communication method of a combination type IC card having both of
The number of clocks is counted for each of the frequency of the contact-type communication clock input from the CLK terminal which is one of the contact terminals and the frequency of the non-contact-type communication clock received by the antenna coil. Communication, either contact type communication or non-contact type communication, using the respective counters that start counting when the internal power of the combination type IC card is turned on by starting at least one of type communication or non-contact type communication a determination step of performing one of a discrimination is,
After determining whether the communication is contact-type communication or non-contact type communication in the above-described determination step, the input of the clock of either the contact-type communication or the non-contact-type communication determined is separately provided by a counter. And a discrimination result maintaining step of holding the contact / non-contact discrimination result after counting for a certain time .

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