JP4665440B2 - Machining tools - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing tool that is detachably attached to a main shaft of a machine tool such as a machining center, and performs processing such as chamfering, deburring, and lapping of a workpiece by rotating a cutting tool by the main shaft.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a processing tool that is detachably attached to a spindle of a machine tool such as a machining center and performs processing such as deburring, a deburring device as described in Patent Document 1 below is known. This deburring device is configured so that the main unit can be attached to the main spindle of the machine tool, and the air motor is attached to the lower part of the main unit in a slanted downward direction, and the deburring tool is attached to the tip of the drive shaft. Then, the deburring tool is rotated by an air motor, and the tool is pressed against the work surface of the work to deburr the work.
JP-A-8-57758

  However, the deburring device described above has a problem in that it requires a supply source of pressurized air to be supplied to the air motor because the deburring tool is driven to rotate by the air motor. Since the inclination direction of the deburring tool attached to the rotating shaft is determined by the inclination angle of the air motor, the cutting edge of the deburring tool is against the workpiece surface facing various directions. It is necessary to control the angle (orientation) of the main unit so that the direction is always appropriate, and there is a problem that the control mechanism and control program for that purpose are complicated.

  In addition, since the air motor and the deburring tool at the tip of its rotating shaft are mounted in an inclined state, the tool may not be able to smoothly tilt control over the work surface of the workpiece with various inclination angles. Depending on the angle of the processed surface, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform processing such as deburring of the edge portion of the workpiece satisfactorily and smoothly.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a machining tool that can smoothly perform various machining surfaces of a workpiece by always smoothly performing a tilting operation of a rotating cutting tool. To do.

In order to achieve the above object, a machining tool according to the present invention detachably attaches a shank to a main spindle of a machine tool, and rotationally drives the blade mounted on the shank and the holder by the rotation of the main spindle. A processing tool that performs processing by tilting the holder and the cutting tool,
A positioning engagement for attaching a case to the outside of the lower end portion of the shank via a bearing, and when the case is mounted on the main shaft, engages with a fixed portion of the machine tool to position the case and make it stationary. And an absorption rod is slidably disposed in an axial hole provided in a lower axial center portion of the shank, and the absorption rod is urged in the axial direction between the absorption rod and the shank. An absorbing spring is disposed, and a tilting case is tiltably disposed in the lower part of the case so as to be tiltable with respect to the axis, and a holder is rotatably disposed in the tilting case via a bearing. Is provided with a sliding holder provided with a tool chuck at the tip so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a spring member for urging the sliding holder in the axial direction between the holder and the sliding holder And a lower end of the absorbing rod; The upper ends of the holders are connected to each other by a universal joint, and the tilt support pins are formed by projecting a large number of tilt support pins downwardly and biased by spring members into the case of the outer periphery of the universal joint. A device is provided, and a tip of the tilt support pin of the tilt support pin device is in contact with a pressure receiving plate provided on an upper portion of the tilt case.

  Here, as in claim 2, the tilting support pin device has a number of tilting support pins arranged on the circumference with its tips protruding downward in a pin case formed in an annular shape. Each tilt support pin is preferably configured to be biased downward by a spring member, and the tilt support pin device is preferably disposed in the case in a freely rotatable state.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that a ball bearing is rotatably disposed in the free state above the tilt support pin device.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an adjustment nut for height adjustment is screwed onto the upper side of the ball bearing in the case, and the clearance width of the upper space of the ball bearing can be adjusted by screwing the adjustment nut. Can do.

  Further, according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the universal joint includes a first universal joint portion connected to the lower portion of the absorbing rod and a second universal joint portion connected to the upper portion of the holder at the upper and lower portions of the intermediate shaft. The first universal joint portion is tiltably connected to the absorbing rod in all circumferential directions and slidable in the axial direction, and the second universal joint portion is tiltable in all circumferential directions with respect to the holder; It is preferable to connect so as to be slidable in the axial direction.

  Further, as in claim 6, a disk portion is formed on the intermediate shaft of the universal joint, and a hemispherical recess into which a steel ball is fitted is formed in the first universal joint portion and the second universal joint portion. In addition, a groove portion into which the steel ball is fitted can be formed in the axial direction in the joint concave portion of the absorption rod and the holder.

  Furthermore, as in claim 7, the tilt case can be disposed in a case so as to be tiltable within a predetermined angle range via a spherical plain bearing. Further, as in claim 8, it is preferable that the holder is rotatably arranged through a plurality of bearings including at least two needle bearings in the tilting case.

  In the machining tool configured as described above, the shank and the absorption rod rotate due to the rotation of the spindle of the machine tool, and the rotation of the absorption rod is transmitted to the holder through the universal joint, and the cutting tool attached to the tip of the holder rotates at high speed. Then, when the cutting tool comes into contact with the workpiece, processing such as deburring is performed.

  When the tip side surface of the blade that rotates at high speed comes into contact with, for example, the edge portion of the workpiece and the blade receives a load from the side, the tilting case tilts with respect to the outer case from the axis. At this time, the holder in the tilting case tilted by this tilting receives the rotational force of the main shaft through the shank, the absorbing rod, and the universal joint, and the universal joint is rotated and driven with the holder tilted with respect to the absorbing rod. The blade at the tip of the sliding holder provided in the holder is driven to rotate at high speed, and burrs generated at the edge of the workpiece are removed. At this time, the pressing force with which the cutting tool presses the work surface of the workpiece is generated by the force with which the many tilting support pins of the tilting support pin device press the pressure receiving plate on the upper part of the tilting case, to the workpiece processing surface of the blade that rotates at high speed Can be stably performed and processing such as deburring can be performed satisfactorily.

  In addition, when the holder is tilted, an impact force in the axial direction may occur due to a slight change or vibration in the connection length between the absorbing rod and the holder by the universal joint. And it is absorbed well by the spring member for the sliding holder provided in the holder. In addition, there is a case where the cutting tool receives a pushing force received from the workpiece. The pushing force of such a cutting tool is absorbed by the spring member for the sliding holder, and the cutting tool that rotates at high speed can be operated very stably. .

  In addition, when the cutting tool moves away from the workpiece and the rotational load of the cutting tool sharply decreases and the universal joint and the holder return from the tilted state to the linear state, the holder and the cutting tool are violated due to the vibration of the universal joint and the reaction of the tilting case. Random shaking) is likely to occur. However, in this machining tool, the many tilting support pins of the tilting support pin device act so as to press the tip of the pressure receiving plate on the upper side of the tilting case via the spring member, and the tilting support pin device is rotatable. In addition, since the ball bearing is disposed in the case in a free state and further rotatably disposed in the free state on the upper side of the tilt support pin device, when the rotational load of the cutting tool changes and the holder returns to a linear posture, The movement of the tilting support pin device in the circumferential direction can be made smooth to prevent the holder and the blade from moving upside down.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a front view of the machining tool of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view thereof. In general, the machining tool 1 is mounted with a shank 2 fitted on a spindle of a machine tool such as a machining center, and a universal joint rod 5 in a cylindrical case 3 attached to the lower part of the shank 2. The tilting case 4 is disposed, and a holder 6 for a blade that is rotatably disposed in the tilting case 4 is connected to the shank 2 via a universal joint rod 5. And the case 3 is locked to a fixed part of the machine tool via the positioning engagement portion 7 and is stationary, and the holder 6 held rotatably in the tilting case 4 is driven to rotate by the main shaft, The cutting tool 9 attached to the tip of the holder 6 is configured to rotate to perform deburring and the like.

  The case 3 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with the lower part squeezed. The upper part of the case 3 is fitted into the lower part of the shank 2 through the first bearing 25 from the outside, and the shank 2 is rotatably attached to the stationary case 3 Is done. A shaft hole 21 is drilled from the lower side below the shaft center position of the shank 2, and an absorption rod 22 is fitted into the shaft hole 21 from the lower side so as to be movable up and down within a predetermined range. The absorption rod 22 is formed by integrally forming a flange 27 at the lower portion, and further opening a joint recess 24 at the lower axial center position. On the inner peripheral surface of the joint recess 24, a substantially semicircular groove having a predetermined width is formed in the axial direction at a predetermined interval, and a first universal joint portion 51 of a universal joint rod 5 described later is engaged with the joint recess 24. Thus, the rotation is transmitted and the first universal joint portion 51 is fitted so as to be tiltable in all directions. The first universal joint 51 is provided with a hemispherical protrusion.

  In order to connect the absorption rod 22 to the shank 2 so as to be able to move up and down and transmit rotation, a detent pin 28 is fitted between the shank 2 and a part of the flange 27 of the absorption rod 22. . Further, an axial shaft hole 21 is formed in the upper portion of the absorption rod 22, and an absorption spring (coil spring) 23 is disposed in the shaft hole 21. When the coupling length of the universal joint rod 5 changes, the absorption spring 23 operates so as to absorb the change in the coupling length, and compresses and deforms when the absorption rod 22 receives a force that pushes upward. It absorbs the force and is arranged to urge the absorbing rod 22 downward.

  That is, when the universal joint rod 5 and the holder 6 connected under the absorbing rod 22 are inclined with respect to the axis, their axial lengths change according to the inclination angle. In order to absorb the axial length that changes due to the tilting of the holder 6, the absorbing rod 22 is slidably fitted in the shank 2 and an absorbing spring 23 is provided.

  Further, a tilt support pin device 30 is disposed around the universal joint rod 5. The tilt support pin device 30 is configured by projecting a large number of tilt support pins 32 in a pin case 31 and biasing them by a spring member 33. The pin case 31 of the tilt support pin device 30 is disposed below the second bearing 26 that is disposed in the case 3 in a free state. That is, no rotational driving force is applied to the pin case 31 of the tilting support pin device 30, but the pin case 31 is mounted inside the case 3 via the free second bearing 26 so as to be freely rotatable.

  When the tilting case 4 and the holder 6 are tilted in the case 3, or when the rotational load of the cutting tool 9 is suddenly reduced and the tilting state returns to the linear state, the rotational force acts on the tilting support pin device 30. At this time, the pin case 31 is rotated in an arbitrary direction via the second bearing 26 so that the linear return operation of the tilting case 4 and the holder 6 is smoothly performed. The second bearing 26 is formed by stacking two annular and plate-like ball races on top and bottom, and a large number of metal balls are accommodated in an annular groove formed inside the ball race.

  Furthermore, the pin case 31 of the inclined support pin device 30 mounted inside the case 3 via the second bearing 26 is formed in a substantially annular shape, as shown in FIG. For example, twelve tilting support pins 32 are arranged on the circumference at intervals of 30 degrees, with the tip protruding downward. These tilting support pins 32 are disposed so as to uniformly press and support the circumference of the pressure receiving plate 41 of the tilting case 4 disposed on the lower side thereof from above. A spring member (coil spring) 33 is attached to each tilt support pin 32 so as to urge the tilt support pin 32 downward, and each tilt support pin 32 is provided in each pin member 31. By 33, it is urged | biased below and the front-end | tip protrudes below.

  A pressure receiving plate 41 of the tilting case 4 is disposed below the pin case 31, and the tilting case 4 and the pressure receiving plate 41 are disposed in the case 3 so as to be tiltable in all directions from a vertical posture along the axis. . When the tilting case 4 and the pressure receiving plate 41 are tilted in all directions, the twelve tilting support pins 32 and the spring members 33 uniformly urge the tilting case 4 and the pressure receiving plate 41 in a direction to return to the vertical posture. Act on. That is, when the cutting tool 9 at the tip of the holder 6 contacts the machining surface of the workpiece, the cutting tool 9 is pushed in the tilting direction and the tilting case 4, the holder 6, and the cutting tool 9 are tilted. At this time, the cutting tool 9 is moved to the machining surface. When the pressing force applied to is uniformly generated in the entire circumferential direction by the spring member 33 of each tilting support pin 32 and the pressing force becomes zero, the tilt smoothly returns to the linear state. Thus, since the spring force of the spring member 33 of the tilting support pin 32 acts as a pressing force to the machining surface of the cutting tool 9, the spring force of the spring member 33 is when the workpiece W is hard like steel. Is set to be strong and soft for aluminum and so on.

  The tilting case 4 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a flange on the upper part, and is disposed at a predetermined angle through a spherical sliding bearing 34, 43 at the axial center position in the lower part of the case 3. A spherical sliding bearing 34 is circumferentially provided inside the case 3, and a spherical sliding bearing 43 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the tilting case 4 is rotatably fitted inside the spherical sliding bearing 34. As a result, the tilting case 4 can tilt within a predetermined angular range (for example, about 5 °) around the central axis (located on the axis) of the spherical sliding bearings 34 and 43.

  A flange is provided in the upper part of the tilting case 4, and as shown in FIG. 6, six grooves 47 are formed in the flange at intervals of 60 degrees on the circumference. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, six guide pins 35 are erected on the inner side of the case 3 at the circumferential positions corresponding to the grooves 47, and these guide pins 35 are engaged with the grooves 47. The tilt of the tilt case 4 is guided by the guide pins 35.

  Although the tilting of the tilting case 4 is guided by the engagement between the guide pins 35 and the grooves 47, there is a slight gap in the engagement, so that the connecting angle of the universal joint rod 5 that rotates at high speed. Or the rotational load changes, the tilting case 4 may be slightly shaken in the circumferential direction due to the reaction and vibration at that time. At this time, the movement of the tilting case 4 is transmitted to the tilting support pin device 30. As described above, the tilting support pin device 30 and the second bearing 26 thereon are arranged in a free state. The vibration or rampage of the holder 6 when tilting or returning due to the rattling of the case 4 in the circumferential direction is effectively prevented by the action of the second bearing 26 and the like.

  A pressure receiving plate 41 is mounted on the upper flange of the tilt case 4, and the twelve tilt support pins 32 of the pin case 31 always receive pressure regardless of the tilt of the tilt case 4 as shown in FIG. It is in contact with the plate 41. Further, a dust cover 44 is attached to the lower part of the tilting case 4 to cover a gap with the holder 6 inserted into the tilting case.

  In the cylindrical tilting case 4, the holder 6 is rotatably disposed at the axial center position via the third bearing 42 and the fourth bearing 45. The outer race of the third bearing 42 is fixed to the upper portion in the tilting case 4, and the inner race of the third bearing 42 is fixed to the upper large diameter portion of the holder 6. The fourth bearing 45 includes two needle bearings, and a collar 46 is interposed between the two needle bearings. As the fourth bearing 45, a sliding bearing or the like can be used in addition to the needle bearing.

  The holder 6 is mounted on the inside of a cylindrical holder main body 61 so that the sliding holder 62 is slidable in a predetermined range in the axial direction. A joint recess 63 is formed in the upper large diameter portion of the holder main body 61 so as to open upward. On the inner peripheral surface of the joint recess 63, a substantially semicircular groove having a predetermined width is formed at a predetermined interval. Yes. The second universal joint portion 52 below the universal joint rod 5 is fitted into the joint concave portion 63, and the second universal joint portion 52 engages in the joint concave portion 63, and the holder main body 61 extends from the second universal joint portion 52. In addition, the second universal joint portion 52 and the holder main body 61 can be tilted in a predetermined angular range in all directions.

  The universal joint rod 5 is formed by forming a first universal joint portion 51 at the upper portion of the intermediate shaft and a second universal joint portion 52 at the lower portion of the intermediate shaft, penetrating through the central space of the pin case 31, The upper first universal joint portion 51 is fitted into the joint concave portion 24 of the absorbing rod 22, and the lower second universal joint portion 52 is fitted into the upper joint concave portion 63 of the holder main body 61. The first universal joint portion 51 is formed by fitting a pin having a spherical tip to the outer periphery of the upper end hemispherical portion of the universal joint rod 5 by protruding the spherical tip at an interval of 90 °, and the second universal joint portion 52. Similarly, a pin having a spherical tip is fitted on the outer periphery of the lower hemispherical portion of the universal joint rod 5 so as to project the spherical tip at an interval of 90 °. Further, the universal joint rod 5 can be tilted more smoothly by shifting the positions of the spherical tips protruding from the upper and lower ends of the first and second universal joints 51 and 52 by 45 degrees. It becomes.

  A sliding holder 62 is slidably disposed in the holder body 61 of the holder 6 in the axial direction. A bolt-shaped support rod 64 penetrates the axial center position to determine the sliding range. A spring member (coil spring) 67 is fitted on the outer periphery of the support rod 64 by urging the slide holder 62 downward. The spring member 67 absorbs the force by which the sliding holder 62 slides upward when the cutting tool 9 receives an impact force or the like from the workpiece, and absorbs the impact force.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, an engagement groove 65 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the sliding holder 62 in the axial direction, and the engagement steel ball 66 is engaged with the engagement groove 65 and the engagement on the holder main body 61 side. The engaging steel ball 66 is also engaged with the hole, and the holder main body 61 and the sliding holder 62 can be integrally rotated while allowing the sliding holder 62 to slide in the axial direction. A chuck portion 69 for attaching a blade 9 such as a deburring grindstone is attached to the tip of the sliding holder 62.

  In the processing tool 1 having the above-described configuration, a cutting tool 9 such as a deburring grindstone is attached to the chuck portion 69 at the tip of the holder 6, and the shank 2 is attached to the spindle 10 of a machine tool such as a machining center as shown in FIG. The positioning engagement portion 7 is fitted into a positioning block on the machine tool side, and positioned and mounted at a predetermined angle.

  When the spindle 10 of the machine tool is rotated, the shank 2 is rotated, and the absorption rod 22, the universal joint rod 5, and the holder 6 are rotated by the rotation of the shank 2. The case 3 and the tilting case 4 disposed on the outside hold the stationary state by the engagement of the positioning engagement portion 7 and the machine tool fixing portion 11, and the holder 6 is in a state where the case 3 and the tilting case 4 are stationary. And the blade 9 held by the blade 9 is driven at a very high speed of, for example, about 10,000 rpm.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the workpiece W to be processed such as deburring is fixed on the moving table T of the machine tool, and the machine tool lowers the spindle 10 to a predetermined position and moves the cutting tool 9 to the edge portion of the workpiece W. The moving table T is moved on the control coordinates in accordance with a predetermined program. As a result, the contact position of the blade 9 is moved along the edge portion of the workpiece W, and the burrs at the edge portion of the workpiece W are scraped off by the blade 9 rotating at high speed, and deburring is performed.

  When the tip side surface of the blade 9 rotating at high speed comes into contact with the edge portion of the workpiece W and the blade 9 receives a load from the side, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tilting case 4 is moved to the outer case 3. On the other hand, it tilts from the axis of the main shaft within an angle corresponding to the load, for example, an angle range of about 5 degrees at the maximum tilt angle. At this time, the tilting case 4 is rotated around the center point of the spherical surface with respect to the case 3 via the spherical sliding bearings 43 and 34. The holder 6 in the tilting case 4 tilted by this rotation is the main shaft 10. Is received through the shank 2, the absorption rod 22, and the universal joint rod 5, and is rotated. When the holder 6 is tilted together with the tilting case 4 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the holder 6 tilts around the center point of the spherical sliding bearings 34 and 43 below the connecting portion with the universal joint rod 5 at the upper end. The universal joint rod 5 tilts around the middle point.

  For this reason, when the universal joint rod 5 and the holder 6 are tilted, the vibration in the axial direction is caused by a subtle change in the connection length between the absorption rod 22 and the universal joint rod 5 and the connection length between the universal joint rod 5 and the holder 6. Etc. occur. The vibration and impact force in the axial direction of the absorption rod 22 and the universal joint rod 5 at this time are favorably absorbed by the absorption spring 23 in the absorption rod 22. As described above, the vibration in the axial direction of the absorbing rod 22 and the universal joint rod 5 when the holder 6 tilts is absorbed by the absorbing spring 23, so that when the blade 9 comes into contact with the workpiece W and the holder 6 tilts. The holder 6 can be tilted smoothly while stably maintaining the high-speed rotation of the blade 9.

  Further, when the edge of the workpiece W comes into contact with the tip side of the blade 9 that rotates at high speed, the axial pushing force received by the blade 9 from the workpiece is absorbed by the spring member 67 of the sliding holder 62 and stabilized. Can be processed. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the blade 9 is tilted together with the holder 6, and the tip side portion of the blade 9 removes the burr while applying an appropriate contact load to the burr portion of the workpiece W. The pressing load when the front end side portion of the blade 9 is pressed is applied by a large number of tilting support pins 32 having spring members 33 in the tilting support pin device 30 applied to the pressure receiving plate 41 at the upper end of the holder 6. . Since many of these tilting support pins 32 are arranged on the circumference, the same load can be stably applied when the cutting tool 9 and the holder 6 are tilted in any direction. Can be deburred well.

  As described above, the spring force of the spring member 33 of the tilting support pin 32 acts as a pressing load against the workpiece W of the cutting tool 9, and the force that causes the pressing load of the workpiece W to act on the holder 6 and the free as described above. A spring separate from the absorbing spring 23 and the spring member 67 that absorbs the axial force of the joint rod 5 and is provided by a large number of spring members 33 arranged on the circumference. The force to be generated can be generated stably.

  Furthermore, when the blade 9 is separated from the workpiece W, the tilted state of the blade 9 and the holder 6 can be smoothly returned to the linear posture. In particular, when the holder 6 sharply reduces its rotational load and removes its tilting load and returns to a linear posture, the return operation of the holder 6 that rotates at high speed becomes unstable, and the holder 6 is likely to be violated, that is, the holder 6 It is easy to generate a state in which it is difficult to return to a straight posture by moving so as to swing at random.

  However, in the present machining tool, as described above, the axial impact force and vibration generated in the absorbing rod 22 and the universal joint rod 5 are absorbed by the absorbing spring 23, and the load received by the cutting tool 9 from the workpiece is within the holder main body 61. Further, the force that is absorbed by the spring member 67 and the holder 6 returns to the linear state from the tilted state is absorbed by the spring member 33 in the independent tilt support pin device 30, so that the blade 9 is separated from the workpiece W. The holder 6 and the cutting tool 9 can return to a straight line very smoothly without being violated. Further, since the tilting support pin device 30 is disposed in a free state and is mounted via the second bearing 26 in a free state, the tilting support pin device 30 moves in the circumferential direction when tilting and the tilting case 4 Absorbing reaction and the like, the holder 6 and the blade 9 can be smoothly returned to the linear state.

  In the above embodiment, the universal joint rod 5 is used to connect the absorbing rod 22 and the holder 6, but a bellows type universal joint 8 as shown in FIG. 8 may be used instead of the universal joint rod 5. The bellows-type universal joint 8 is connected between the absorbing rod 22 and the holder main body 61 via connecting shafts 56 and 58 provided at the upper and lower portions of the bellows-shaped bellows.

  That is, the attachment member 55 is fixed in a joint recess provided in the lower center of the absorbing rod 22, and the attachment member 55 and the upper part of the bellows type universal joint 8 are connected by the connection shaft 56. An attachment member 57 is attached in a joint recess provided in the upper center of the holder main body 61, and the attachment member 57 and the lower part of the bellows type universal joint 8 are connected by a connecting shaft 58.

  Even when the absorbing rod 22 and the holder 6 are connected using such a bellows type universal joint 8, the holder 6 according to the pressing force from the side that the blade 9 receives from the workpiece W during processing, as described above. And the blade 9 can be tilted satisfactorily.

  FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the machining tool of the second embodiment. In this example, a height adjusting nut 87 for adjusting the height position of the second bearing 86 and the pin case 31 is provided, and the locking pin 28 that stops the absorption rod is connected to the engaging groove 88 and the engaging ball. Instead of (metal ball) 89, a disk part 93 is provided in the middle part of the universal joint rod 90 for stabilization.

  Further, an angular bearing having a load resistance against a thrust load is used as the first bearing 85, and when the first bearing 85 is assembled, it is attached with a preload using a presser screw. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above, and the description thereof is omitted.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9, an angular bearing is disposed as a first bearing 85 between the lower end portion of the shank 2 and the upper portion of the case 3, and the first bearing 85 is in a state where a preload is applied by a presser screw 94. It is attached. Furthermore, an engaging groove 88 is formed along the shaft on the side wall of the shaft hole 21 formed at the axial center position of the shank 2 and the outer peripheral portion of the absorption rod 82 inserted into the shaft hole 21. The engaging ball 89 is slidably fitted, and the absorbing rod 82 is slidably attached to the shank 2 only in the axial direction by the engaging ball 89.

  In addition, the second bearing 86 is housed in a free state below the first bearing 85. In order to adjust the height position of the second bearing 86, a ring-shaped height adjusting nut 87 is provided inside the case 3. Is screwed so that the screwing width can be adjusted, and the height of the space in which the second bearing 86 is accommodated can be adjusted. Further, a disk portion 93 is provided at the intermediate portion of the universal joint rod 90 in order to stabilize rotation. By this disk part 93, the universal joint rod 90 can be stably rotated at a high speed.

  In this machining tool, the shank 2 is rotated by the rotation of the spindle of the machine tool, and the absorbing rod 82, the universal joint rod 90, and the holder 6 are rotated by the rotation of the shank 2. The case 3 and the tilting case 4 disposed outside the universal joint rod 90 and the like are kept stationary by the engagement of the positioning engagement portion 7 and the machine tool fixing portion 11, and the case 3 and the tilting case 4 are stationary. In this state, the holder 6 and the blade 9 gripped by the holder 6 are driven at high speed.

  When the tip side surface of the blade 9 that rotates at high speed comes into contact with the edge portion of the workpiece W and the blade 9 receives a load from the side, the tilting case 4 is, for example, the maximum tilt angle with respect to the outer case 3 as described above Tilts about 5 degrees from the axis of the main shaft. At this time, the tilting case 4 is rotated around the center point of the spherical surface with respect to the case 3 via the spherical sliding bearings 43 and 34. The holder 6 in the tilting case 4 tilted by this rotation is the main shaft. The rotational force is received through the shank 2, the absorption rod 82, and the universal joint rod 90, and is rotated. When the holder 6 is tilted together with the tilting case 4, the holder 6 is tilted about the center points of the spherical sliding bearings 34 and 43 below the connecting portion with the universal joint rod 90 at the upper end, and the universal joint rod 90 is tilted. Tilts around its upper end.

  For this reason, when the universal joint rod 5 and the holder 6 are tilted, the connection length between the absorption rod 82 and the universal joint rod 90 and the connection length between the universal joint rod 90 and the holder 6 slightly change, and the axial direction Although vibration and impact force are likely to occur, axial vibration and impact force are absorbed by the absorption spring 83 in the absorption rod 82, and the push-up force received by the cutting tool 9 from the work is a spring in the holder body 61. Absorbed by member 67.

  Further, when the holder 6 and the cutting tool 9 are tilted to perform deburring, the load that the workpiece W receives from the cutting tool 9 is the spring member 33 of the twelve tilting support pins 32 arranged on the circumference in the pin case 31. With respect to the tilting of the cutting tool 9 in all directions, a stable processing load can be applied to all angle surfaces of the workpiece W by these spring members 33 to perform processing such as deburring extremely smoothly. .

  The force with which the blade 9 presses the workpiece W is tilted separately from the absorption spring 83 and the spring member 67 that absorb the impact force in the axial direction of the holder 6 and the universal joint rod 90 as described above. The second bearing 86 provided by a large number of spring members 33 arranged on the circumference of the support pin device 30 and positioned immediately above the tilt support pin device 30 is arranged in a free state in which the height is adjusted. Therefore, when the pin case 31 receives a force in the circumferential direction due to the influence of the universal joint rod 90 that rotates at high speed, the free second bearing 86 allows the pin case 31 to freely rotate, and the cutting tool 9 When moving away from the workpiece W, the holder 6 and the blade 9 can be smoothly returned from the tilted state to the linear state without making an abnormal movement.

  In the above-described embodiment, the universal joint rod 90 is used to connect the absorption rod 82 and the holder 6. However, instead of the universal joint rod 90, a biaxial shaft joint as shown in FIG. A universal joint 96 of construction can also be used. The universal joint 96 is provided with a biaxial shaft joint portion 97 at the upper portion thereof, and a similar biaxial shaft joint portion 98 is provided at the lower portion through the intermediate shaft.

  The upper shaft joint portion 97 is connected to an attachment member provided in a joint recess provided in the lower center of the absorption rod 82, and the lower shaft joint portion is connected to the attachment member provided in the upper center of the holder body 61. 98 are connected. Even when the absorbing rod 82 and the holder 6 are connected by using such a universal joint 96, the holder 6 and the cutting tool according to the pressing force from the side that the cutting tool 9 receives from the workpiece W during processing, as described above. 9 can be tilted stably.

  In the above-described embodiment, a deburring tool is used as the cutting tool 9, but lapping or chamfering can be performed using a lapping grindstone or a grinding tool.

  As described above, according to the processing tool of the present invention, the axial impact force generated by the holder and the universal joint is absorbed by the absorption spring provided on the absorption rod, and the push-up force received by the blade from the workpiece is the sliding holder. When the holder is tilted by receiving the tilting force from the workpiece, the reaction force is absorbed by the many tilting support pins arranged on the circumference of the tilting support pin device. It is generated by the force that presses the pressure receiving plate, and each movement is absorbed by a separate spring member, or a load is applied, so that it does not cause rampage when the cutting tool is tilted or returned to a linear state Further, it is possible to smoothly and stably press the cutting tool that rotates at a high speed smoothly and stably, and perform processing such as deburring.

It is a front view of the processing tool which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the processing tool. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. It is IV-IV sectional drawing of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the state in which the holder 6 is tilted. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the state in which the holder 6 tilted. It is a front view which shows the use condition of a processing tool. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the processing tool of other embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the processing tool of 2nd Embodiment. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. It is XI-XI sectional drawing of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the processing tool of other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1-Processing tool 2-Shank 3-Case 4-Tilt case 5-Universal joint rod 6-Holder 9-Blade tool 10-Spindle 22-Absorption rod 23-Absorption spring 24-Recessed joint 25-First bearing 26-Second bearing 30-Tilt support pin device 31-Pin case 32-Tilt support pin 33-Spring member 41-Pressure plate 42-Third bearing 45-Fourth bearing 51-First universal joint 52-Second universal joint 61-Holder Body 62-Sliding holder

Claims (8)

A machining tool that detachably attaches a shank to a spindle of a machine tool, and rotates the spindle to rotationally drive the cutter attached to the shank and the holder, and tilts the holder and the cutter with respect to the shank. And
A positioning engagement for attaching a case to the outside of the lower end portion of the shank via a bearing, and when the case is mounted on the main shaft, engages with a fixed portion of the machine tool to position the case and make it stationary. And an absorption rod is slidably disposed in an axial hole provided in a lower axial center portion of the shank, and the absorption rod is urged in the axial direction between the absorption rod and the shank. An absorbing spring is disposed, and a tilting case is tiltably disposed in the lower part of the case so as to be tiltable with respect to the axis, and a holder is rotatably disposed in the tilting case via a bearing. Is provided with a sliding holder provided with a tool chuck at the tip so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a spring member for urging the sliding holder in the axial direction between the holder and the sliding holder And a lower end of the absorbing rod; The upper ends of the holders are connected to each other by a universal joint, and the tilt support pins are formed by projecting a large number of tilt support pins downwardly and biased by spring members into the case of the outer periphery of the universal joint. An apparatus is provided, and the tip of the tilt support pin of the tilt support pin device abuts on a pressure receiving plate provided on an upper portion of the tilt case.   In the tilting support pin device, a large number of tilting support pins are arranged on the circumference with their tips protruding downward in a pin case formed in an annular shape, and each tilting support pin is lowered by a spring member. 2. The processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the tilting support pin device is disposed in the case in a freely rotatable state.   3. The processing tool according to claim 2, wherein a ball bearing is rotatably disposed above the tilt support pin device in a free state.   The processing tool according to claim 3, wherein an adjustment nut for height adjustment is screwed onto the upper side of the ball bearing in the case, and the clearance width of the upper space of the ball bearing can be adjusted by screwing the adjustment nut.   The universal joint includes a first universal joint portion connected to a lower portion of the absorbing rod and a second universal joint portion connected to an upper portion of the holder at an upper portion and a lower portion of an intermediate shaft. One universal joint is tiltably connected to the absorbing rod in all directions and slidable in the axial direction, and the second universal joint is tiltable in all directions relative to the holder and in the axial direction The processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the processing tool is slidably connected.   A disk portion is formed on an intermediate shaft of the universal joint, and a hemispherical recess into which a steel ball is fitted is formed in the first universal joint portion and the second universal joint portion, and the absorption rod-holder joint The machining tool according to claim 5, wherein a groove portion into which the steel ball is fitted is formed in the recess in the axial direction.   2. The processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the tilting case is disposed in the case so as to be tiltable within a predetermined angle range via a spherical plain bearing.   The processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the holder is rotatably arranged in the tilt case via a plurality of bearings including at least two needle bearings.

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