JP2004142064A - Machining tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machining tool for changing the position of a tool tip by copying a shape of an inner circumference, an outer circumference, an end face or the like of a work, and for performing the machining by using a general purpose machine tool. <P>SOLUTION: The machining tool comprises: a shank 12 which is attachably/detachably fitted to a spindle 3 of a machine tool with the rotation of the spindle 3 transmitted thereto; a yoke 5 which is supported by the shank 12 via an impact absorber 6 and advancing/retractable on the axis X of rotation of the spindle 3 along the axis X of rotation; a shank pin 4 which is provided between the shank 12 and the yoke 5 in an eccentric manner from the axis X of rotation of the spindle 3 to transmit the rotation of the shank 12 to the yoke 5; a holder 2 which attachably/detachably holds a tool tip C at a tip thereof and is connected to the yoke 5 via the shank pin 4; and an engagement part to connect the yoke 5 to the holder 2 at an eccentric position from the axis X of rotation of the spindle 3 to transmit the rotation of the yoke 5 to the holder 2. An oscillating part 21 formed of a curved surface with the axis of rotation as a center of curvature is formed on the holder 2, a bearing 13 to support the oscillating part 21 is formed on the shank 12, and the holder 2 is oscillated by allowing the oscillating part 21 to slide on the bearing 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a processing tool that is detachably attached to a machine tool such as a machining center and performs processing such as chamfering, deburring, and lapping on a workpiece.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art While processing such as chamfering, deburring, and lapping of a workpiece is performed manually using a file, sandpaper, a manual tool, or the like, rapid processing using a dedicated processing apparatus has been conventionally performed.
[0003]
As a conventional dedicated processing apparatus, there is a cutting machine for rotating a cutting tool, a device for swinging the cutting machine to a holding plate and chamfering a workpiece (see Patent Document 1), a deburring tool A device that allows the angle of a deburring unit that rotates an air motor to be adjusted, and that presses a deburring tool elastically against a workpiece by a spring to perform deburring (see Patent Document 2), and a rotary cutter by a hydraulic copying mechanism. There has been known an apparatus (see Patent Document 3) for chamfering a gear by moving the gear so as to match the waveform of the gear.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2568912 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-8-57758 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-6-344222 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, all of the conventional processing apparatuses are dedicated to chamfering, deburring, and the like, and each of them is operated by an air operation, an electric operation, or the like to perform a desired processing. Therefore, it is necessary to provide these dedicated devices separately from a processing machine such as a machining center. Further, the conventional processing apparatus has a structure in which a tool such as a cutting tool or a cutter is adapted to a shape or an angle of a workpiece using the principle of leverage, and performs smooth and high-accuracy copying to the workpiece. It has difficult problems.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in consideration of such conventional problems, and can perform processing such as chamfering, deburring, and lapping on a main spindle of a machine tool such as a machining center, and furthermore, has a coordinate value. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing tool capable of performing processing in accordance with the shape of an inner or outer peripheral surface or an end surface of a workpiece (a casting) or a mold in which the shape is not determined.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a machining tool according to the first aspect of the present invention is mounted on a shank through which a rotation of the main shaft is detachably attached to a main shaft of a machine tool, and is supported by the shank via a shock absorber. A yoke that can move forward and backward along the rotation axis on the rotation axis of the main shaft and a shank and a yoke that are eccentric to the rotation axis of the main shaft and transmit the rotation of the shank to the yoke. The tool tip is detachably held at the shank pin and the tip, and the holder connected to the yoke via the shank pin is connected to the yoke and the holder at an eccentric position with respect to the rotation axis of the main shaft. And an engagement portion for transmitting the rotation to the holder, a swing portion having a curved surface having the rotation axis as a center of curvature is formed on the holder, and a bearing for supporting the swing portion is a Is formed in the holder by the swinging portion slides on the bearing is characterized in that it is swingable.
[0008]
In the present invention, since the rotation of the shank is transmitted to the holder having the tool tip via the shank pin, the yoke, and the engaging portion, the tool tip rotates together with the holder to perform predetermined processing on the workpiece. I do. According to the present invention, since the shank is detachable from the main shaft of the machine tool, the shank is attached to the main shaft of the machine tool to perform processing such as chamfering, deburring, and lapping on the workpiece by the power of the machine tool. Can be performed.
[0009]
When the position of the rotation axis and the workpiece is misaligned during machining on the workpiece, the tool tip abuts on the workpiece, so that the holder has the shape and shape of the workpiece centered on the rotation axis of the main shaft. Displaces smoothly according to the angle of the machined part. Moreover, even if the holder is displaced, the holder always has the force to return to the same line as the axis of rotation, so that it can smoothly follow the inner and outer peripheral surfaces and end surfaces of the workpiece, and achieve smooth and high precision. Can be processed. In addition, since the shock absorber absorbs vibration at the time of processing and reaction force from the workpiece, the processing can be performed with the tool tip being in a stable state.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the processing tool according to the first aspect, an urging means for urging the yoke in an axially extending direction from the shank is disposed between the yoke and the shank. Features.
[0011]
According to the present invention, since the urging means urges the yoke in the direction of protruding from the shank, the holder connected to the yoke is urged in the same direction, whereby the tool tip held by the holder is moved to the workpiece. Always abut. Thereby, the tool tip can more appropriately follow the workpiece, and the workpiece can be smoothly processed.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 3 is the processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the engaging portion is axially symmetric with the shank pin and is attached to the holder so that the engaging pin penetrates. It is characterized by being formed by an engagement hole formed in the yoke.
[0013]
The rotation of the yoke can be reliably transmitted to the holder by connecting the yoke and the holder with such engagement pins and engagement holes. In addition, since the engagement pin is axially symmetric with the shank pin, the holder can be displaced about the rotation axis of the main shaft, and can smoothly follow the workpiece.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is an exploded front view of one embodiment, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an assembled state, and FIG. 3 is a process using a peripheral surface of a tool tip. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which chamfering of an object is performed, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which deburring or lapping is performed on a slope of the workpiece, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which deburring or lapping is performed on the outer surface of a workpiece, and FIG.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a working tool 1 according to this embodiment includes a holder 2, a shank pin 4, a yoke 5, a shock absorber 6, a shank 12, a bearing 13, and an engaging portion. And the shank 12 is held by the main shaft 3 of a machine tool such as a machining center in the assembled state, so that the entire machining tool 1 is mounted on the main shaft 3. You.
[0016]
The holder 2 holds a tool tip C such as a cutting blade or a grinding tip at its tip. The tool tip C is detachable from the holder 2 via a chucking metal 9. The holder 2 is swingable with respect to the shank 12 by being housed in a holder housing hole 11 formed at the base end of the holder 2 at the center of the tip of the shank 1. Further, the holder 2 includes a hemispherical swing part 21 having a radial center on the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3.
[0017]
The shank pin 4 is press-fitted into a pin hole 15 formed in the shank 12 so as to be eccentric with the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3 so that the shank extends in the axial direction eccentric from the rotation axis X. 12 is attached. The shank pin 4 passes through the yoke 5. As shown in FIG. 1, two shank pins 4 are attached to the shank 12 as a pair, whereby the rotation of the holder 2 is restricted by the shank pin 4.
[0018]
The shank 12 is detachable from the main shaft 3 by holding the base end of the shank 12 on the main shaft 3. A bearing 13 that supports the swinging portion 21 of the holder 2 is screwed to the tip of the shank 12. In the state where the bearing 13 supports the swinging portion 21 of the holder 2 as described above, the holder 2 can swing around the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3 by the swinging portion 21 sliding on the bearing 13. . A holding hole 14 is formed at the center of the shank 12 so as to coincide with the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3, and the yoke 5 is held in the holding hole 14.
[0019]
The yoke 5 is attached to the shank 12 so as to coincide with the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3, and is able to advance and retreat along the rotation axis X. The yoke 5 has a flange portion 52, and when the pair of shank pins 4 penetrate the flange portion 52, the rotation of the shank 12 is transmitted via the shank pins 4 and rotates. A biasing means 7 such as a coil spring provided inside the shank 12 is in contact with the shaft portion of the yoke 5, and is biased by the biasing means 7 so as to advance from the shank 12 in the axial direction. I have.
[0020]
The shock absorber 6 is disposed above the yoke 5 inside the shank 12. The shock absorber 6 is arranged in the shank 12 so as to coincide with the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3, and its rod 51 is in contact with the shaft of the yoke 5. The shock absorber 6 absorbs an axial shock from the yoke 5 by enclosing an elastic rubber, a liquid, or the like therein.
[0021]
The engagement pin 23 as an engagement portion stands upright from the holder 2 in a state of being pressed into the holder 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the engagement pins 23 are provided as a pair, and each is attached to the holder 2 so as to be axially symmetric with the shank pin 4 and eccentric from the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3. I have. On the other hand, an engagement hole 53 as an engagement portion is formed in the flange portion 52 of the yoke 5, and the engagement pin 23 corresponding to the engagement hole 53 is inserted. The diameter of the engagement hole 53 is larger than that of the engagement pin 23, and the engagement pin 23 can be displaced in the engagement hole 53. When the engagement pins 23 are inserted into the engagement holes 53, they are in an engaged state, whereby the rotation of the yoke 5 is prevented from rotating through the holder 2 via the engagement pins 23 and the engagement holes 53. Is transmitted to.
[0022]
Reference numeral 8 denotes an engaging claw member provided at the base end of the shank 12, and the engaging claw 81 is engaged with the claw portion 31 formed on the end surface of the main shaft 3, and the rotation of the main shaft 3 is transmitted to the shank 12. I can do it.
[0023]
In the above configuration, the shank 12 is attached to the main shaft 3 with the tool tip C corresponding to each machining purpose (cutting, grinding or lapping) attached to the holder 2. Then, while rotating the spindle 3, the tool tip C is brought into contact with the workpiece W to perform the machining.
[0024]
In this machining, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, when chamfering the workpiece W whose coordinate values are not determined, the peripheral surface of the tool tip C is moved by the axial and lateral feeds of the main shaft 3 so that the workpiece is cut. Since the swing portion 21 slides on the bearing 13 due to the contact with the corner portion of the W, the holder 2 is tilted and displaced, and it is possible to perform appropriate curved surface processing while changing its posture. In this case, a force is applied to the holder 2 so that the axis of the holder 2 returns on the rotation axis X of the main shaft 3. Therefore, it is possible to secure a required contact pressure required for machining with respect to the workpiece surface W. it can. In addition, shock such as vibration generated by processing the workpiece W is transmitted from the holder 2 to the shock absorber 6 via the yoke 5, and is absorbed by the shock absorber 6.
[0025]
When performing processing such as deburring and lapping, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the tool tip C is displaced so as to follow the shape of the inner circumference, outer circumference, end face, etc. of the workpiece W. The peripheral surface or end surface of the tip C can be adapted to the processing shape and the angle of the workpiece W, and the required flat surface processing can be performed by rotating the main shaft 3. In the machining, the movement of the main shaft 3 in three axial directions (x, y, and z axis directions orthogonal to each other) is performed by control of the machine tool as is well known.
[0026]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the case of processing such as inner surface polishing and lapping by a reamer after drilling, the processing can be performed by inserting the tool tip C into the processing hole of the workpiece W.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention can perform machining such as chamfering, deburring, and lapping using the power of a machine tool by being mounted on a spindle of a machine tool such as a machining center, and can be applied to a machine tool. There can be. Also, when performing machining such as chamfering, deburring, and lapping of a workpiece whose coordinate values are not determined, the tool tip can be displaced according to the shape of the inner circumference, outer circumference, end face, etc. of the workpiece. It is possible to carry out machining suitable for the machining shape and angle of the workpiece.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exploded front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an assembled state according to an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of chamfering and deburring.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a processing state such as lapping.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a processing state such as lapping.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing processing in a processing hole.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tool 2 Holder 3 Main shaft 4 Shank pin 5 Yoke 6 Shock absorber 12 Shank 23 Engagement pin 53 Engagement hole

Claims (3)

A shank that is detachably attached to the main shaft of the machine tool and transmits the rotation of the main shaft,
A yoke supported by the shank via a shock absorber and capable of moving back and forth along the rotation axis on the rotation axis of the main shaft;
A shank pin that is provided between the shank and the yoke so as to be at a position eccentric with the rotation axis of the main shaft, and transmits the rotation of the shank to the yoke;
While holding the tool tip detachably at the tip, a holder connected to the yoke via the shank pin,
An engaging portion that connects the yoke and the holder at an eccentric position with respect to the rotation axis of the main shaft and transmits rotation of the yoke to the holder,
A swing portion having a curved surface with the rotation axis as the center of curvature is formed on the holder, while a bearing for supporting the swing portion is formed on the shank, and the swing portion slides on the bearing, thereby swinging the holder. A machining tool characterized by being movable. 2. The processing tool according to claim 1, wherein a biasing means for biasing the yoke in an axially extending direction from the shank is disposed between the yoke and the shank. The engagement portion is formed by an engagement pin attached to the holder in axial symmetry with the shank pin, and an engagement hole formed in the yoke so that the engagement pin penetrates. The processing tool according to claim 1, wherein

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