JP4665257B1 - Juice method, trunk shredder and juicing system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a trunk shredder capable of efficiently producing pieces from which a sap can be squeezed efficiently from the trunk, and also provides a squeezing method and a squeezing system capable of efficiently squeezing a large amount of sap from a trunk of a felled tree. To do.
SOLUTION: A feed portion 13 that feeds a trunk T from a front end surface Ta along a longitudinal direction, and a slit portion 15 that creates a slit from the trunk T sent from the feed portion 13 are provided. The slitting blade 65 arranged so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the trunk moves relative to the front end face Ta of the trunk T so that the front end face Ta is cut or cut to produce a slit. Yes.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a squeezing method for squeezing sap from a trunk of a tree, a shredder for a trunk that can be suitably used for the squeezing method, and a squeezing system using the shredder for a trunk.

  In recent years, a technique for producing ethanol, lactic acid and the like from sugar contained in sap using sap contained in a trunk of a tree such as oil palm has been developed (for example, Patent Document 1 below).

  Patent Document 1 describes a method of producing ethanol or lactic acid by fermenting a composition other than oil palm-derived bark with microorganisms. Here, for example, the trunk of oil palm from which the bark has been removed by cutting is finely pulverized using a device such as a pulverizer, and sap is obtained by squeezing the obtained pulverized material. Ethanol and lactic acid are produced by fermenting the juice.

  In such a technique, it is desired to efficiently obtain as much sap as possible from the trunk after peeling off the katsura.

JP 2008-178355 A

  However, the trunks of trees that have been cut down are processed into various shapes and used as timber, or they are used as chips with a side of about 5mm to several centimeters. The squeezing of sap from the trunk was not very common. Therefore, there is no known technique for efficiently collecting more sap from the trunk of the tree.

  Then, in this invention, it is the 1st objective to provide the squeezing method which can squeeze many sap efficiently from the trunk of the felled tree, The piece which is easy to squeeze sap can be produced efficiently from a trunk. A second object is to provide a trunk shredder, and a third object is to provide a squeezing system that can efficiently squeeze a large amount of sap from the trunk of a felled tree.

The juice squeezing method of the present invention that achieves the first object is characterized in that the end face of the trunk is moved while the trunk and the tear blade are rotated relative to each other by the tear blade that is arranged so as to intersect with the trunk axis in the inclined direction. It is a squeezing method in which a cut piece having a size that can be squeezed by a squeezing device is produced by cutting or cutting, and the sap is squeezed by squeezing the cut piece with a squeezing device .

  According to the squeezing method of the present invention, since the slit pieces are produced directly from the trunk with the slitting blade, the slit pieces can be efficiently produced with a small number of steps, and the end portion or the It is difficult to form a pressurizing portion, and it is possible to efficiently produce a thin piece efficiently. In addition, since the slit end is produced by cutting or cutting the end face of the trunk with a slitting blade, it is difficult to separate the sap when forming the slit, and even hard fibers are cut short and finely divided. A shard can be formed, and a sap that can easily squeeze sap can be produced. Therefore, if the sap is squeezed by squeezing such a thin piece, the squeezing rate can be improved and a large amount of sap can be obtained.

The trunk shredder of the present invention that achieves the second object comprises a feeding part that feeds the trunk from the front end surface along the longitudinal direction, and a shredded piece that is squeezable by a squeezing device from the trunk fed from the feeding part. The slit portion includes a slit blade that is arranged so as to intersect with the trunk axis in an inclined direction, and the front end surface of the trunk while relatively rotating the slit blade and the trunk. It is configured to produce a cutting or cutting to fine splinters a.

  According to the trunk shredder of the present invention, the sap is squeezed out by cutting or cutting the front end surface of the trunk by the slit portion while feeding the trunk from the front end portion along the longitudinal direction by the feed portion. It is possible to efficiently and uniformly produce fine pieces that are easy to juice.

  In this trunk shredder, the slit portion includes a cutter roller that has a slit blade on the side peripheral surface and is driven to rotate, and a receiving roller that rotates while the front end surface of the trunk is in contact with the side peripheral surface, It is preferable that the front end side of the trunk is cut or cut by the slitting blade of the cutter roller while abutting the side peripheral surface of the roller.

  In this way, the force in the pulling direction acting by the slitting blade of the cutter roller is brought into contact with the front peripheral portion of the trunk on the side peripheral surface of the receiving roller, so that the trunk can be moved in the forward direction with sufficient force. It can be surely suppressed and fluctuations in the amount of trunk feed can be suppressed. For this reason, the size of the obtained fine fissure is stabilized.

  In this trunk shredder, the rotating shaft of the cutter roller and the rotating shaft of the receiving roller are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to each other and tilted so that the front becomes higher along the trunk feeding direction. It is preferable to provide an inclination adjusting unit that adjusts the inclination angle of the shaft and the rotation shaft of the receiving roller.

  In this way, it is easy to bring the substantially conical cut surface formed by the cutter roller into contact with the side peripheral surface of the receiving roller, and the variation in the amount of trunk feed can be reliably suppressed. In addition to adjusting the angle of the slit blade with respect to the front end surface of the trunk, the desired slit can be formed, and even if the cutting angle is adjusted, the cutting surface by the cutter roller is received and brought into contact with the side peripheral surface of the roller. Therefore, it is easy to adjust the cutting angle.

  In this trunk shredder, it is preferable that the slit portion is provided with a guide roller having a rotating shaft inclined in a reverse gradient to the rotating shafts of both rollers at a position facing the side peripheral surfaces of the cutter roller and the receiving roller. It is preferable that the guide roller has a tapered shape that becomes thinner toward the front end side of the trunk and has a side peripheral surface that can contact the front end face of the trunk.

  If it does in this way, the front end surface of a trunk can be certainly supported by a receiving roller and a guide roller, and it can be made to press-contact with a cutter roller, and it can produce a slit piece stably.

  In the trunk shredder, it is preferable that at least one side peripheral surface of the receiving roller and the guide roller includes a spiral protrusion, and the spiral protrusion is formed in an upward slope with respect to the rotation direction of each roller.

  In this case, the front end surface of the trunk is brought into contact with the spiral projection, so that the front end surface of the trunk can be supported with a sufficient force, and it is possible to reliably prevent excessive feeding due to the pulling force of the cutter roller. In addition, since the trunk is fed while the spiral protrusion rotates, the trunk can be fed to the cutter roller with an appropriate feed amount.

  The feeding portion according to the trunk shredder of the present invention is rotatable about an axis along the longitudinal direction of the trunk, and is provided with a plurality of support rollers for supporting the side peripheral surface of the trunk, and along the direction intersecting the trunk feeding direction. It is preferable to include a pressure roller that is rotationally driven around an axis and has a spiral protrusion on the surface and presses the side peripheral surface of the trunk by the spiral protrusion.

  In this way, since the trunk is supported by pressing between the pressure roller and the plurality of support rollers, the trunk can be supported stably in the radial direction, and along the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trunk. Since the spiral protrusion is provided on the pressure roller that is driven to rotate around the axis, and the spiral protrusion rotates while pressing the trunk, the trunk can be rotated by the pressure roller. Therefore, with a simple configuration, the trunk can be stably rotated and sent out while supporting the trunk with a sufficient force, and the slits can be produced uniformly.

The squeeze system of the present invention that achieves the third object includes the trunk shredder described above and a squeezing device that presses and squeezes the shredded pieces produced by the trunk shredder.

  According to this squeezing system, the shredder for trunk can easily and uniformly produce a shredded piece that can easily squeeze sap from the trunk, so that the squeezing rate can be improved and a large amount of sap can be obtained.

  According to the squeezing method and squeezing system of the present invention, a slit piece is produced by cutting or cutting the end face of the trunk with a slitting blade arranged so as to intersect the longitudinal direction of the trunk. Since the sap is squeezed by squeezing the shards, it is possible to efficiently and uniformly produce fine shards that are easy to squeeze the sap, and it is possible to efficiently squeeze a lot of sap from the trunk of the felled tree.

  According to the trunk shredder of the present invention, the front end surface of the trunk is cut or cut by the slitting blade arranged so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the trunk. As an easy piece, it can be produced efficiently and uniformly from the trunk.

In embodiment of this invention, it is a block diagram explaining the outline of the process of manufacturing ethanol from the sap of an oil palm trunk. It is a front view of the shredder for trunks concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is an AA arrow line view of FIG. 1 which shows the feed part of the shredder for trunks. It is an enlarged view which shows the feed part and thin part of a shredder for trunks. It is the BB arrow line view of FIG. 1 which shows the shredding part of the shredder for trunks. It is the schematic which shows arrangement | positioning of each roller in the shredding part of the shredder for trunks. It is a schematic front view which shows a pressing machine.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
The squeezing system of the present invention is a system for squeezing sap from a tree trunk. This embodiment demonstrates using the example of the squeeze system used in order to manufacture ethanol from the sap of an oil palm trunk.
Here, the trunk is a trunk of a felled tree. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate processing in the trunk shredder described later, a trunk having no or few branch parts such as branches is preferable, and the axis is linear. What exhibits the extended substantially cylindrical shape is especially preferable. The trunk axis is a line connecting the centers of the sections of the trunk, and is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the trunk. Since the axis line of the oil palm trunk is substantially straight, the trunk axis is shown as a straight line in this embodiment.

A method for producing ethanol from the oil palm trunk can be selected as appropriate, but in the present embodiment, for example, the process is performed as shown in FIG.
In FIG. 1, for example, a pretreatment step S101 for performing a predetermined period of aging or stripping a bark to remove a bark on a cut oil palm trunk, and a slit for producing a large number of pieces from the trunk from which the bark has been removed. Bioethanol is produced by the step S102, the pressing step S103 for squeezing the obtained strip and obtaining the sap, and the fermentation step S104 for fermenting the obtained sap.

  The squeeze system of this embodiment is used in the shredding step S102 and the squeezing step S103. This squeezing system includes a trunk shredder 10 as shown in FIG. 2 and a pressing device 80 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the trunk shredder 10 includes a raw material receiving portion 11 that supports the trunk T so as to be movable in the axial direction and is rotatable around the axial line, and a trunk T supported by the raw material receiving portion 11 in the longitudinal direction. By moving the trunk T forward from the front end face Ta side by rotating around the axis along the direction, and a slit for producing a slit from the trunk T moved by the feed part 13 A portion 15 and a chute portion 17 for discharging the slit pieces produced by the slit portion 15 are provided.

The raw material receiving portion 11 includes a pair of long raw material receiving rollers 21 arranged in parallel to each other, and supports the trunk T by placing the trunk T on the pair of raw material receiving rollers 21. It has a length that can support the entire length of T.
Each raw material receiving roller 21 has a spiral protrusion on its peripheral surface, and is rotatably mounted on the frame 19. Therefore, when a force is applied to the trunk T around the axis while being placed on the raw material receiving roller 21 and a force is applied in the axial direction, the trunk T can freely rotate and move along the axis by rotation. Is possible.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the feeding unit 13 is provided in the vicinity of the vertical column 19 a of the frame 19, and can apply a driving force to the trunk T and a plurality of conveying rollers 23 that support the side peripheral surface of the trunk T. And a trunk drive unit 27 having a feed roller 25.

The plurality of transport rollers 23 have rotating shafts parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the trunk T, and are attached to a bracket 29 fixed to the frame 19 so as to be independently rotatable. A spiral protrusion is provided around the axis on the peripheral surface of each transport roller 23. Here, the gradients and pitches of the spiral protrusions in all the transport rollers 23 are formed to be the same, and are formed in an upward gradient with respect to the rotational direction driven by the trunk T. That is, the spiral protrusion is formed in the direction in which the trunk T advances by the rotation of the transport roller 23. The transport roller 23 can move along the axis while freely rotating when a force around the axis is applied to the trunk T and an axial force is applied.
It is preferable that three or more transport rollers 23 are provided, and the transport roller 23 on the most upstream side or the most downstream side in the rotation direction of the trunk T is provided at a sufficiently high position so as to be given to the trunk T. The position of the trunk T in the lateral direction can be prevented by the rotational force.

  The trunk drive unit 27 is rotatably supported by a rail 31 that is fixed to the vertical column 19 a and extends in the vertical direction, a base plate 33 that can move up and down along the rail 31, and a bearing 35 that is fixed to the base plate 33. The feed roller 25, a weight 37 for applying a predetermined load to the base plate 33, a hydraulic cylinder 39 fixed to the vertical support 19a above the base plate 33 via a bracket 29, a rod 39a of the hydraulic cylinder 39, and the base plate 33 And a link mechanism 41 that connects the upper part.

  The weight applied from the weight 37 is applied to the base plate 33, and the adjusted hydraulic pressure is supplied from the hydraulic source 43 shown in FIG. 2 to the hydraulic cylinder 39, so that the pressure and tensile force are applied from the rod 39a of the hydraulic cylinder 39. The load is applied to the base plate 33 via the link mechanism 41.

  The feed roller 25 is substantially positioned at a position above the transport roller 23 by a bearing 35 fixed to the base plate 33 so that the rotation axis is in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trunk T, preferably in the orthogonal direction. It is arranged horizontally and is supported rotatably. A spiral projection is provided around the rotation axis on the peripheral surface. The feed roller 25 can be driven to rotate about a rotation axis by a motor (not shown).

  In such a feeding portion 13, the side peripheral surface on the front end side of the trunk T supported by the raw material receiving portion 11 is supported by the spiral projections of the plurality of transport rollers 23, and the trunk by the spiral projections of the feeding rollers 25. By pressurizing the side peripheral surface of T in the radial direction, the trunk T is sandwiched between the transport roller 23 and the feed roller 25, and is supported in a state in which a pressurizing force suitable for the trunk T is loaded.

  Further, in this state, when the feed roller 25 is driven to rotate around the axis, the spiral protrusion of the feed roller 25 rotates while pressing the trunk T, so that the force in the rotational direction from the feed roller 25 to the trunk T and the direction along the axis line. The power of That is, as the spiral projection of the feed roller 25 rotates, the component force between the axial component along the axis of the trunk T and the circumferential component perpendicular to the axis of the trunk T is based on the gradient of the spiral projection. Is loaded on the trunk T.

Then, since the trunk T is supported by the spiral projection of the rotatable transport roller 23, the trunk T rotates when the circumferential component acts, and further, the axial component acts while the trunk T rotates. As a result, the trunk T gradually moves in the axial direction. The rotational speed around the axis of the trunk T and the moving speed along the axis correspond to the rotational speed of the feed roller 25, the gradient and pitch of the spiral protrusion, and the like.
Accordingly, in the feeding portion 13, the trunk T can be supported in a pressurized state, and the trunk T can be rotated around the axis and moved in the axial direction. Here, the closer the axis of the trunk T is to a straight line, the easier it is to rotate and move in the feeding portion 13 and feed it to the slit 15, but feeding is possible even if it is not straight.
In addition, in this feed part 13, while not supporting trunk T, it is possible to maintain in the state which raised the baseplate 33 with the hydraulic cylinder 39. FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 to 6, the slit portion 15 is disposed on the roller support base 47 mounted on the frame 19 via the inclination adjusting portion 45, and is disposed on the roller support base 47 to be rotationally driven. Cutter roller 49, a support roller 51 that is supported by the roller support base 47 so as to be in parallel with the cutter roller 49, and an attachment fixed to the frame 19 so as to be above the roller support base 47. A base 53 and a guide roller 55 that is disposed on the mounting base 53 so as to face the side peripheral surfaces of the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 and are driven to rotate are provided.

The roller support base 47 is formed of a frame body in which a pair of long side portions 47a and a pair of short side portions 47b have sufficient rigidity and are joined in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.
In the inclination adjusting portion 45, a roller support base 47 is pivotally supported by a bearing 57 provided on the frame 19 so as to be swingable at an intermediate position between the pair of long side portions 47a. As shown in FIG. The inclination can be adjusted as appropriate by using the inclination adjustment hole 59a of the support plate 59 erected on the frame 19 adjacent to the base 47.
In this embodiment, by adjusting the inclination of the roller support base 47, the rotation axes of the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 are inclined so as to be higher toward the front side of the trunk along the axis of the trunk T.

The cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 are rotatably supported by bearings 61 provided on the roller support base 47, and the rotation axes of the rollers 49 and 51 are parallel to each other. In addition to being completely parallel, the parallel includes a state of approximating parallel in a range where the functions of the rollers 49 and 51 can be obtained.
The cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 are configured to be rotationally driven by separate motors 62 and 63, respectively, and the rollers 49 and 51 can be independently adjusted to different rotational speeds. In this embodiment, the rotation axes of the rollers 49 and 51 intersect the axis of the trunk T in a front view as shown in FIG. 2, and the axis of the trunk T in a plan view as shown in FIG. It is parallel to it.

The cutter roller 49 has a plurality of slit rings 67 that have a substantially ring shape and are provided with slit blades 65 attached to the outer peripheral surface at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of slit rings 67 are provided along the rotation axis. They are fixed side by side.
Here, the slitting blade 65 is a blade capable of cutting or cutting the fibers of the trunk T by bringing the blade edge 65a into contact with the trunk T instead of crushing the trunk T with an impact force. Here, the angle θ1 of the cutting edge 65a of the slitting blade 65 is preferably an acute angle, and preferably has a positive rake angle. This is to form a thin piece without crushing each tissue of the trunk T.

  Each slitting blade 65 according to this embodiment has a substantially rectangular flat plate shape, and one side is a cutting edge 65a. The shredding blade 65 is fixed to each shredding ring 67 so that the blade edge 65 a is disposed in parallel with the rotation axis of the cutter roller 49. In a state of being fixed to the slit ring 67, the cutting edge 65 a of each slit blade 65 is slightly protruded from the outer surface of the slit ring 67.

  In a state where each of the tearing rings 67 is attached so as to be immovable around the rotation axis and the cutter roller 49 is configured, the cutting edge 65a of the tearing blade 65 is continuously arranged in parallel to the rotation axis, and a plurality of strips are provided in the circumferential direction. The rows of blade edges 65a are arranged at an equal pitch. Since the rotation axis of the cutter roller 49 is inclined so as to intersect with the axis of the trunk T, each slitting blade 65 is disposed in a direction intersecting with the axis of the trunk T.

  The direction in which the slit blade 65 intersects the axis of the trunk T is that when the cutting edge 65a of the slit blade 65 that contacts the trunk T has a straight or curved shape, the straight or curved cutting edge 65a is the trunk T. What is necessary is just to arrange | position so that the site | part which becomes parallel with respect to this axis line may not arise. As long as the trunk T can be cut or cut, the intersecting direction may be inclined with respect to the axis of the trunk T by more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, and more preferably 15 degrees or more and 35 degrees or less.

In such a cutter roller 49, when the front end surface Ta of the trunk T fed by the feeding portion 13 comes into contact with the front end surface Ta of the trunk T that is driven to rotate with the rotation axis inclined, the cutting edge 65 a of the slitting blade 65 is brought into the axis of the trunk T. The front end face Ta of the trunk T can be cut or cut by moving relative to the trunk T in a state of being arranged so as to cross each other.
The front end face Ta of the trunk T is an end face on the front side in the moving direction of the trunk T among end faces formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the trunk T, and may be any of a flat surface, an inclined surface, and a curved surface. In the middle of the tearing, the shape according to various conditions such as the shape and inclination of the side peripheral surface of the cutter roller 49 and the arrangement and shape of the slitting blade 65 are exhibited. Here, since the substantially cylindrical cutter roller 49 comes into contact with the trunk T at a high gradient along the axial direction of the trunk T, the front end surface Ta has a substantially conical shape with a slightly concave curved surface.

  The size of the shredded pieces obtained by being shredded by the cutter roller 49 can improve the squeezing efficiency in the squeezing device 80 to be described later as the sap is made finer in a range where the sap is not separated. In order to make the slit pieces finer, various adjustments such as adjusting the shape and arrangement of the slitting blade 65 in the cutter roller 49, increasing the relative rotational speed of the cutter roller 49 with respect to the trunk T, and decreasing the feeding speed, etc. Is possible. In addition, productivity will fall when an excessively small piece is made small. Therefore, in the present embodiment, for example, the thickness of the obtained thin fissure is in the range of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm.

  On the other hand, the receiving roller 51 supported by the roller support base 47 has a substantially cylindrical shape with a constant diameter, and a spiral protrusion is provided on the side peripheral surface, and the spiral protrusion is inclined upward with respect to the rotation direction of the receiving roller 51. Is formed. That is, the spiral protrusion is formed in the direction in which the trunk T moves forward by the rotation of the receiving roller 51. The shape and height of the spiral protrusion can be selected as appropriate.

  The receiving roller 51 is capable of preventing the trunk T from moving forward because the front end surface of the trunk T that is torn by the cutter roller 49 comes into contact with the side peripheral surface. That is, when the front end face Ta of the trunk T is cut or cut by rotating the cutter roller 49 having the slitting blade 65 on the side peripheral surface, a force in a direction of being pulled by the slitting blade 65 acts on the trunk T. This force increases as the inclination of the cutter roller 49 increases, and decreases as the inclination decreases. Therefore, if the trunk T is cut or cut without sufficiently preventing the position shift of the trunk T in the front-rear direction, the feeding amount of the trunk T with respect to the cutter roller 49 is likely to fluctuate due to the influence of the pulling force, and the size of the slits is reduced. Are likely to vary.

  However, when the front end face Ta of the trunk T is brought into contact with the side peripheral surface of the receiving roller 51 and is cut or cut by the slitting blade 65 of the cutter roller 49, even if the retracting force of the trunk T acts by the cutter roller 49. The side circumferential surface of the receiving roller 51 can reliably prevent the trunk T from moving in the forward direction with a sufficient force.

  Here, the diameter of the receiving roller 51 is substantially constant in the cross section along the rotation axis, and the diameter of the cutter roller 49, more specifically, the rotating diameter of the cutting edge 65a of the split blade and the diameter of the receiving roller, more specifically, It is preferred that the diameter of the top of the spiral protrusion be the same or approximate. Accordingly, the shape of the front end surface Ta of the trunk T formed by cutting or cutting the front end surface Ta of the trunk T in a state where the cutter roller 49 is inclined matches or approximates the side peripheral surface of the receiving roller 51. A wider range of the shape of the front end face Ta of the trunk T formed by the roller 49 can be supported by being brought into contact with the roller 51.

  The gap at the closest position between the receiving roller 51 and the guide roller 55 preferably matches or approximates the axis of the trunk T in plan view. As a result, the center position of the front end face Ta of the trunk T can be made coincident with the axis of the trunk T, and the front end face Ta can be stably cut or cut and cut into pieces.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, the guide roller 55 supported by the mounting base is configured to be rotationally driven separately from the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 by a motor 69. Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotating shaft is inclined so as to have a reverse gradient with respect to the rotating shafts of the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 in the front view, and as shown in FIG. It coincides with the axis of T.

  The guide roller 55 has a tapered shape that becomes thinner toward the front end side of the trunk T. Due to the tapered shape and the gradient of the rotation shaft, a part of the side peripheral surface is disposed between the side peripheral surface of the cutter roller 49 and the side peripheral surface of the receiving roller 51 on the forefront side of the guide roller 55. . Further, the side peripheral surface of the guide roller has a gradient that can contact the conical shape of the front end surface of the trunk T formed by being slit by the cutter roller 49 in a wide range.

A spiral protrusion is also provided on the side peripheral surface of the guide roller 55. The shape of the spiral protrusion is arbitrary, but is formed in an upward gradient with respect to the rotation direction. That is, the spiral protrusion is formed in the direction in which the trunk T advances by the rotation of the guide roller 55.
In such a guide roller 55, the front end face Ta of the trunk T is always brought into contact with the side peripheral surface, thereby preventing an excessive amount of the trunk T from being fed to the cutter roller 49 and the cutter roller. It is possible to guide the conical tip surface of the trunk T toward 49.

  Next, the chute portion 17 of the trunk shredder 10 is configured to discharge from the bottom the slit pieces formed in the slit portion 15 and falling from between the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51. The fallen fragments are sequentially transferred to the squeezing device 80 by a conveying means such as a conveyor (not shown).

Next, the pressing device 80 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the squeezing device 80 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of squeezers 81 and 82, and each squeezing machine 81 and 82 squeezes the supply portion 83 to which the shredded pieces are supplied and the shredded pieces. The pressing unit 85 includes a pressing unit 85, a juice discharging unit 87 that discharges the juice, and a fiber discharging unit 95 that discharges the shredded pieces after pressing, and is discharged from the fiber discharging unit 95 of the upstream press 81. The plurality of squeezers 81 and 82 are connected in series so that the subsequent strips are supplied to the supply unit 83 of the squeeze machine 82 on the downstream side.

The squeezing parts 85 of the pressing machines 81 and 82 are arranged in a substantially horizontal manner and arranged in parallel with each other, and a plurality of lower rolls 89a and 89b, and each lower roll above the pair of adjacent lower rolls 89a and 89b. 89a, 89b and an upper roll 91 arranged substantially in parallel.
The lower rolls 89a and 89b are spaced apart from each other and arranged at predetermined positions, and the upper roll 91 is pressurized by the squeezing hydraulic power source 99 toward the pair of adjacent lower rolls 89a and 89b. The lower rolls 89a and 89b and the upper roll 91 are connected to each other through a gear (not shown), and all the rolls 89a, 89b and 91 can be driven to rotate by a motor.

  The lower rolls 89a and 89b on the upstream side press 81 and the lower roll 89a arranged on the upstream side of the downstream press 82 are provided with a number of grooves called chevrons extending in the axial direction on the circumferential surface. Therefore, it is easy to draw the thin pieces into the compressed portion 85. In addition, the peripheral surface is smoothly formed by the lower roll 89b provided in the downstream press 82 and the upper roll 91 of each press 81, 82.

A support plate 93 called a turner plate is mounted between the lower rolls 89a and 89b of each of the pressing machines 81 and 82, so that the shredded pieces in the middle of pressing are from the lower roll 89a on the downstream side to the lower roll 89b on the downstream side. It is possible to transfer to.
A scraper 97 is provided in contact with the lower roll 89b and the upper roll 91 on the downstream side in the fiber discharge portion 95 of each of the pressers 81 and 82, and the press attached to the surfaces of the lower roll 89b and the upper roll 91. The latter thin piece can be peeled off and discharged from the fiber discharge portion 95.

  In this squeezing device 80, a large number of strips produced by the trunk shredder 10 are conveyed by a conveyor (not shown) and supplied to the supply unit 83 of the upstream squeezing machine 81. In the supply unit 83, the thin pieces are introduced into the squeezed portion 85 by gravity or the pulling force by the squeezed portion 85. In the squeezing section 85, the sap is separated between the upstream lower roll 89a and the upper roll 91 by separating the sap and moved by the support plate 93, and then between the downstream lower roll 89b and the upper roll 91. And the sap is separated again. The separated sap flows down to the squeeze discharge unit 87, and the shredded pieces after squeezing are separated from the rolls 89 b and 91 by the scraper 97 and discharged from the fiber discharge unit 95.

The shredded pieces discharged from the fiber discharge portion 95 of the upstream press 81 are supplied to the supply portion 83 of the downstream press 82, and similarly compressed in the press portion 85 provided in the downstream press 82. Then, the separated sap flows down to the squeeze discharge part 87, and the chopped pieces after squeezing are discharged from the fiber discharge part 95.
In the upstream pressing machine 81 and the downstream pressing machine 82, the number of rotations of the rolls 89a, 89b, 91 of the pressing unit 85 and the pressure of the upper roll 91 can be set independently. In the embodiment, the rotational speed of each roll 89a, 89b, 91 is set as late as possible within the range in which the supplied strips can be squeezed, and the pressure of the upper roll 91 is set to be increased by the downstream press 82. Has been.

And the sap discharged | emitted from the squeeze discharge part 87 of each press 81,82 is supplied to fermentation process S104 as mentioned above, and is used as a raw material of bioethanol. The sap may contain soft tissue.
On the other hand, the shredded pieces after pressing discharged from the fiber discharge unit 95 can be collected and used for various purposes, and may be used as a raw material for bioethanol.
Here, the sap contained in the shredded pieces is preferably discharged from the squeeze discharge portion 87 as much as possible, and hard fibers such as vascular tissue are preferably discharged from the fiber discharge portion 95 as much as possible.

Next, the squeezing method using the above squeezing system will be described.
In this squeeze system, an oil palm trunk T in a state in which pretreatment such as aging and katana peeling has been completed is supplied to the trunk shredder 10.
In the trunk shredder 10, the front end side is disposed in the feeding portion 13 in a state where the trunk T is placed substantially horizontally on the raw material receiving portion 11. In the feed unit 13, the side peripheral surface of the trunk T is pressed and clamped with a pressure set between the transport roller 23 and the feed roller 25, and the feed roller 25 rotates, so that the trunk T rotates and the front end surface Sequentially supplied from Ta to the slit 15.

In the slit 15, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 are rotated in the opposite rotational directions D <b> 2 while the trunk T is rotated in the rotational direction D <b> 1 by the feeder 13 at a constant rotational speed. The guide roller 55 rotates in the same rotation direction D4 while rotating at D3. The rotational speed of each of the rollers 49, 51, and 55 can be selected as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the cutter roller 49 rotates faster than the trunk T so as to obtain a peripheral speed at which the front end face Ta of the trunk T can be cut or cut. Rotating at a speed, the receiving roller 51 and the guide roller 55 are rotated at a higher rotational speed than the trunk T in a range where the trunk T can be prevented from being caught.
Since the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51 are arranged so as to be inclined so that the front side becomes higher with respect to the axis of the trunk T, the end surface Ta of the trunk T fed into the longitudinal direction of the trunk T Are sequentially cut or cut by the thin cleaving blades 65 intersecting with each other to produce fine cleaved pieces.

  The produced fragment is conveyed to the pressing device 80, supplied to the supply unit 83 of the upstream press 81, and sequentially in the pressing unit 85 of the upstream press 81 and the pressing unit of the downstream press 82. By being squeezed, the sap is separated and discharged from the squeeze discharge part 87 of each press 81, 82, and the fiber content after the squeeze is discharged from the fiber discharge part 95. And the squeezed sap is transferred to the fermentation process and used for the production of bioethanol.

  If the sap is squeezed from the trunk T as described above, a slit piece is produced directly from the end face of the trunk T by the slitting blade 65. Compared to the case where the slit piece is produced after the trunk T is processed into a block. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently produce a thin fissure piece with a small number of steps, and, since the number of steps is small, the trunk T is not excessively formed with an end portion or a pressure-deformed portion before the tearing. The fragments can be formed uniformly.

Furthermore, since the front end face Ta of the trunk T is cut or cut by the slitting blade 65 arranged so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the trunk T, a shredded piece is produced. Compared with the case where the sap is formed, the sap can be prevented from being separated, and the thick and hard fibers extending in the longitudinal direction of the trunk such as a vascular tissue can be cut short to form the sliver. It is easy to form a uniform thin strip. For this reason, a fine, homogeneous, and easy-to-squeeze sap can be efficiently produced from the trunk T.
And if this thin piece is squeezed and sap is squeezed, the squeezing rate can be improved and many sap can be obtained.

  The trunk shredder 10 used in this method is rotated with a cutter roller 49 having a slitting blade 65 on the side peripheral surface and driven to rotate, and a front end surface Ta of the trunk T in contact with the side peripheral surface. Since the receiving roller 51 is provided together with the front end surface Ta of the trunk T and the side surface of the roller 51 is in contact with the side peripheral surface of the roller 51, it is cut or cut by the slitting blade 65 of the cutter roller 49. Can be easily prevented, and the size of the slit can be stabilized.

  In the trunk shredder 10, the rotating shaft of the cutter roller 49 and the rotating shaft of the receiving roller 51 are disposed substantially parallel to each other, and are inclined so that the front becomes higher along the longitudinal direction of the trunk T. On the front side of T, the substantially conical cut surface formed by the cutter roller 49 can be easily brought into contact with the side peripheral surface of the receiving roller 51.

  If the inclination adjusting portion 45 that adjusts the inclination angle of the rotation shaft is provided, the inclination can be adjusted collectively with the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51, and the cutting angle of the slitting blade 65 with respect to the trunk T can be adjusted to be desired. Even if the cutting angle is adjusted, the cutting surface by the cutter roller 49 can be received on the side peripheral surface of the roller 51 on the front side of the trunk T. Adjustments can be made very easily.

Further, in the trunk shredder 10, a guide roller 55 having a rotation shaft inclined at a reverse gradient to the rotation shafts of both rollers is provided at a position where the slit 15 is opposed to the side peripheral surfaces of the cutter roller 49 and the receiving roller 51. The guide roller 55 has a tapered shape that becomes thinner toward the front end side of the trunk T, and has a side peripheral surface that can come into contact with the front end surface Ta of the trunk T.
Therefore, the front end face Ta of the trunk T can be reliably supported by the receiving roller 51 and the guide roller 55 and can be brought into pressure contact with the cutter roller 49, so that it is possible to easily produce the slit pieces stably.

  In addition, in the trunk shredder 10, the side peripheral surface of the receiving roller 51 includes a spiral protrusion, and the spiral protrusion is formed in an upward gradient with respect to the rotation direction of the receiving roller 51. Therefore, since the front end surface Ta of the trunk T is brought into contact with the spiral protrusion, the front end surface Ta of the trunk T can be supported with a sufficient force, and it is possible to reliably prevent excessive feeding by the pulling force of the cutter roller 49. Moreover, since the trunk T is fed while the spiral protrusion rotates, the trunk T can be fed to the cutter roller 49 with an appropriate feed amount.

The feed portion 13 according to the trunk shredder 10 is rotatable around an axis along the longitudinal direction of the trunk T, and intersects the longitudinal direction of the trunk T with a plurality of conveying rollers 23 that support the side peripheral surface of the trunk T. And a feed roller 25 that is driven to rotate about an axis along the direction, has a spiral protrusion on the surface, and presses the side circumferential surface of the trunk T in the radial direction by the spiral protrusion.
Therefore, by pressing between the feed roller 25 and the plurality of transport rollers 23 to support the trunk T, the trunk T can be supported stably in the radial direction, and along the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trunk T. The feed roller 25 that is rotationally driven around the shaft is provided with a spiral projection, and the spiral projection of the feed roller 25 is rotationally driven while pressurizing the trunk T. Therefore, the trunk T is rotated and the spiral projection of the feed roller 25 is rotated. It can be rotated in accordance with the pitch or the like. Therefore, the trunk T can be stably rotated around the longitudinal axis at a predetermined rotational speed.

  According to the squeezing system as described above, the trunk shredder 10 and the squeezing device 80 that pressurizes and squeezes the shredded pieces produced by the trunk shredder 10 are provided. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently produce a fine piece that is homogeneously fine and easy to be squeezed, and as a result, it is possible to improve the squeezing rate and obtain a large amount of sap.

  Such an embodiment can be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention. For example, although the above demonstrated the example which squeezes the trunk T of oil palm and squeezes sap. Even the trunk T of other trees can be squeezed similarly using the squeezing method and squeezing system of the present invention, and the trunk T of such a tree is similarly used for the trunk. A shredder can be produced by the shredder 10.

  The method of squeezing is not particularly limited as long as a large number of pieces can be compressed with sufficient pressure. In the above description, an example using a pressing machine in which three rolls are arranged in parallel with each other and pressed between the rolls has been described. However, the number of stages of the pressing machines, the arrangement and number of each roll, and the like are appropriately selected. Is possible. Furthermore, for example, it is also possible to squeeze by placing and pressing a thin piece between planes facing each other.

  In the above description, the example in which the slit blade 65 is disposed on the side peripheral surface of the cutter roller 49 has been described. However, as long as the slit blade 65 is movable relative to the front end surface Ta of the trunk T, a driving member other than the roller is provided. May be provided. Further, the relative movement between the slitting blade 65 and the trunk T can be performed by moving one of them and fixing the other.

  In the above description, the cutting edge 65a of the slitting blade 65 has a linear shape. However, the cutting edge 65a is not particularly limited, and the cutting edge 65a is curved as long as the front end face Ta of the trunk T can be cut or cut. It may be a shape or a bent shape. Furthermore, although the example in which the slitting blade 65 is formed in a plate shape has been described, it can be used even if it has a three-dimensional shape, such as a machining tip.

  In the above description, a cylindrical shape is used as the trunk T. However, it is also possible to use a trunk formed in a prismatic shape by preprocessing the trunk. In that case, the front end face Ta may be split at the slit 15 without rotating the trunk.

  In the above, the example using the receiving roller 51 and the guide roller 55 has been described. However, the slit pieces may be produced only by the cutter roller 49 without using these rollers 51 and 55. Further, in place of the cutter roller 49 provided with the slit blade 65 on the side peripheral surface, the trunk blade is configured so that the slit blade capable of cutting or cutting the trunk T is in a direction intersecting the axis of the trunk T. Any thin cutting blade that cuts or cuts in contact with the tip surface of T can be used as appropriate.

T Trunk Ta Front end face 10 Trunk shredder 11 Raw material receiving part 13 Feeding part 15 Slit part 17 Chute part 19 Frame 21 Raw material receiving roller 23 Conveying roller 25 Feeding roller 27 Trunk driving part 37 Weight 39 Hydraulic cylinder 45 Inclination adjusting part 47 Roller Support base 49 Cutter roller 51 Receiving roller 53 Mounting base 55 Guide roller 59 Support plate 59a Inclination adjusting hole 65 Slipping blade 65a Cutting edge 67 Slipping ring 80 Squeezing device 81, 82 Squeezer 83 Supply section 85 Squeezing section 87 Squeeze discharge section 89a, 89b Lower roll 91 Upper roll 95 Fiber discharge part

Claims (9)

  It is possible to squeeze by the squeezing device by cutting or cutting the end face of the trunk while relatively rotating the trunk and the slitting blade with the slitting blade arranged in an inclined direction with respect to the trunk axis. A squeezing method in which a chopped piece of a large size is prepared, and the sap is squeezed by squeezing the chopped piece with the squeezing device. A feed portion that feeds the trunk from the front end surface along the longitudinal direction, and a slit portion that produces a shredded piece of a size that can be squeezed from the trunk fed from the feed portion by a squeezing device,
The slit portion includes a slit blade disposed so as to intersect with the trunk axis in an inclined direction, and cuts or cuts the front end surface of the trunk while relatively rotating the slit blade and the trunk. A trunk shredder that produces the above-mentioned thin pieces.   The slit portion includes a cutter roller that has the slit blade on a side peripheral surface thereof and is driven to rotate, and a receiving roller that rotates with a front end surface of the trunk being in contact with the side peripheral surface. The shredder for trunks according to claim 2, wherein the front end face is cut or cut by the slitting blade of the cutter roller while abutting the side end face of the receiving roller.   The rotating shaft of the cutter roller and the rotating shaft of the receiving roller are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to each other and tilted so that the front becomes higher along the feeding direction of the trunk, and the rotating shaft of the cutter roller and The trunk shredder according to claim 3, further comprising an inclination adjusting unit that adjusts an inclination angle of the rotation shaft of the receiving roller.   The slit portion includes a guide roller having a rotating shaft inclined at a reverse gradient to the rotating shaft of the cutter roller and the receiving roller at a position facing the side peripheral surfaces of the cutter roller and the receiving roller, 5. The trunk shredder according to claim 4, wherein the roller has a tapered shape that becomes narrower toward a front end side of the trunk, and has a side peripheral surface that can contact the front end surface of the trunk. The trunk shredder according to claim 5 , wherein at least one side peripheral surface of the receiving roller and the guide roller includes a spiral protrusion, and the spiral protrusion is formed in an upward slope with respect to the rotation direction of the rollers. .   The feed section is rotatable about an axis along the longitudinal direction of the trunk, and a plurality of support rollers for supporting a side peripheral surface of the trunk, and around an axis along a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trunk. The trunk shredder according to claim 2, further comprising a pressure roller that is rotationally driven and has a spiral protrusion on a surface thereof and pressurizes a side peripheral surface of the trunk by the spiral protrusion.   A squeezing system comprising: the trunk shredder according to any one of claims 2 to 7; and a squeezing device that pressurizes and squeezes the shredded piece produced by the trunk shredder.   The squeeze system according to claim 8, wherein the trunk is oil palm.

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