JP4657510B2 - Manufacturing method of substrate for electrophotographic photosensitive member - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of substrate for electrophotographic photosensitive member Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4657510B2
JP4657510B2 JP2001210513A JP2001210513A JP4657510B2 JP 4657510 B2 JP4657510 B2 JP 4657510B2 JP 2001210513 A JP2001210513 A JP 2001210513A JP 2001210513 A JP2001210513 A JP 2001210513A JP 4657510 B2 JP4657510 B2 JP 4657510B2
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cathode
mold
length
electroforming
electroplating
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JP2003027276A (en
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一矢 鈴木
誠 奥澤
政宏 本間
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電気めっき、電気鋳造、および電子写真感光体に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、電子写真法を用いた複写機及びプリンターの小型化、軽量化に伴い電子写真感光体用基体に柔軟性のある継目なし可撓性無端状部材を用いる方法が知られている。
電子写真感光体をベルト状にすることにより、従来の大口径アルミニウムドラム基体を必要とした高速のカラー複写機及びプリンターの小型化、軽量化が可能となる。
【0003】
複写機、ファクシミリ、プリンター等の電子写真感光体の基体となる継目なし可撓性無端状部材の膜厚は、画像のフルカラー化の高画質が必要とされることに伴い、現像部とのギャップを一定に保つため膜厚は現像部とのギャップのばらつきが必要最小限であることが不可欠になってきた。そのためには基体となる継目なし可撓性無端状部材の膜厚分布はできるだけ均一でなければならない。しかし、継目なし可撓性無端状部材はスルファミン酸ニッケル液浴電気鋳造法で製造されており、既に電鋳の際に金型(陰極)の両端に又は一方端に電流(電気力線)が集中する傾向が知られているため要求されている膜厚分布に対して均一性にならず、結果画像形成においてはベルトとギャップのばらつき、或いは感光体ベルト自体の波打ちが発生して画像において白抜けや色ずれ等の問題となる。
【0004】
従来、スルファミン酸ニッケル液浴電気鋳造法により、光記録媒体製造用スタンパーの電鋳の均一膜を得るためにアノードとカソードの間に開口部を設けた遮蔽板(バッフル板)を設けて電気力線を変え、均一膜厚を得る手段が知られている(特開平7−6413号公報記載)。しかしこの場合、開口部を電鋳の開始から最後にかけて開口部を可変しなければならず、開口部の制御にモータ等の制御が必要になり装置として煩雑でかつ、工程として制御項目が増えるため製造原価へのコストアップになる。
同様にスルファミン酸ニッケル液浴電気鋳造法による継ぎ目なし可撓性無端状部材を得るための方法として、通気性を持った円筒状遮蔽板が知られている(特開平7−48691号公報記載)。しかしながら、これは継ぎ目なし可撓性無端状部材の表面粗さを目的としたものである。また、フルカラープリンタ、フルカラー複写機を狙ったものでない。さらに、この従来技術では円筒状遮蔽板の開口部は通気性で記述のみで形状に関する詳細記述がないため、カラー化で要求される膜厚分布を得ることができない。
【0005】
本発明は、カソードにスリット部とそのスリット部の開口条件を設定することで、フルカラープリンタ、フルカラー複写機用電子写真感光体用基体に対応した均一な膜厚をもつ継ぎ目なし可撓性無端状部材を得ることができる生産可能な方式を見出した。
【0006】
また、本発明は電気鋳造法について具体的に説明するが、電気めっき法においても同様の効果を発揮する。即ち、金型に金属薄膜を形成後、金型から金属薄膜を剥離して目的物を得る電気鋳造法に対し、基体上に金属薄膜を形成したものが最終目的物である電気めっき法とは、目的物が剥離後のものか被覆したままのものかの違いであり、両方式ともカソードスリットにより高品質な生産物を安定して生産可能とした本発明を利用可能である。
【0007】
【発明を解決するための課題】
従って、本発明の目的は、画像欠陥のない良好な電子写真感光体用の継目なし可撓性無端状部材の製造方法および電子写真感光体、電子写真装置を提供することを目的としたものである。
【0008】
【発明を解決しようとする手段】
上記課題は、本発明の(1)「カソードに縦型の円筒部分を有する金型及び該金型に同軸状に円筒状カソードケースを有し、電気鋳造法によって可撓性無端部材を製造する電気めっき装置であって、前記カソードケースはスリット部を有し、該スリット部は上辺と底辺の長さの比率が1以上1.25以下で、長さ方向のストレート部分の長さとシボリ部分長さの比率が1.29以下の多角形であることを特徴とする電気めっき装置」、()「カソードに縦型の円筒部分を有する金型及び該金型に同軸状に円筒状カソードケースを有し、電気鋳造法によって可撓性無端部材を製造する電気めっき装置であって、前記カソードケースはスリット部を有し、スリット部長さ方向の全長部が、金型のめっきされる部分の有効長と同等であることを特徴とする前記第(1)項に記載の電気めっき装置」、()「電鋳液としてスルファミン酸ニッケル液を用いることを特徴とする前記第(1)項または第(2)項に記載の電気めっき装置」、()「カソードケースは、材質が塩化ビニルであることを特徴とする前記第(1)項乃至第(3)項のいずれか1に記載の電気めっき装置」により達成される。
【0012】
また、上記課題は、本発明の()「前記第(1)項乃至第(4)項いずれか1に記載の電気めっき装置により作製した電子写真感光体用基体」により達成される。
【0013】
また、上記課題は、本発明の()「前記第()項に記載の電子写真感光体基体を使用したことを特徴とする電子写真感光体」により達成される。
【0014】
更にまた、上記課題は、本発明の()「前記第()項に記載の電子写真感光体を使用することを特徴とする電子写真装置」により達成される。
【0015】
以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。
本発明で、電気めっき法におけるめっき液、電気めっき槽は電気鋳造法における電鋳液、電鋳槽に対応し、電気めっき法では陰極にめっきする基体を設置し、電気鋳造法では陰極に金型を設置する。
【0016】
電気鋳造を例に説明する。
本発明は、陰極となる継目なし可撓性無端状部材成形の金型(以下金型と呼ぶ)を所定条件の開口部(以下スリット)を持つ円筒状遮蔽板(以下カソードケース)金型の周囲に同軸状にすることにより、めっきされた基体の膜厚分布が均一かつ、基体欠陥を発生させない基体が得られ、画像欠陥のない良好な画像形成が可能な電子写真感光体基体となる継目なし可撓性無端状部材を得ることが可能となる。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に沿って本発明を説明する。
図1は、本発明の全体の説明図である。まず、図1(A)、(B)、(C)に示されるように、電鋳液(2)の入った電鋳槽(1)の中央に継目なし可撓性無端状部材成形の金型となるカソード(3)がある。陽極側にはアノード(5)(アノードニッケル)を収容したアノードケース(4)(チタンケース)、カソード(3)の周辺にはカソードケース(6)、カソードケースにスリット部(7)があり、カソード(3)及びアノード(5)の間には整流器(8)からの直流電流が配線(13)を介して与えられ、また電鋳槽(1)中の電鋳液(2)は、循環配管(11)により循環ポンプ(9)及び異物除去用フィルター(10)を介して循環されるようになっている。
また、カソードケース(6)のスリット部(7)は、金型(3)の円筒部分を含むめっきされる部分長手方向に対してカソードケースの中心に位置し、スリット部は、図1(C)、(D)、(E)、(F)に示されるように、上辺と底辺の長さの比率が1以上1.25以下で、長さ方向のストレート部分の長さとシボリ部分長さの比率が1.29以下の長方形であってよく、又は多角形であってもよい。また、スリット部長さ方向の全長部(ストレート部分長さ+シボリ部分長さ)は、金型のめっきされる部分の有効長と同等又は小さいことが好ましい。また、スリット部開口面積と金型のめっきされる有効面積の面積比が1以上であることが好ましい。
以上の構成でスルファミン酸液浴ニッケル電気鋳造法を実施し、継目なし可撓性無端状部材を製作する。
【0018】
【実施例】
1.電鋳液の作製
スルファミン酸ニッケル液(日本化学産業社製)350〜600g/Lに添加剤としてハロゲン化ニッケル(塩化ニッケル又は臭化ニッケル)5〜30g/L、硼酸20〜40g/L、ニッケライトS(日本化学産業社製)適量、2エチル硫酸ナトリウム1〜20g/Lを調合し電鋳液として400Lを作製。
2.電鋳条件
陰極側にステンレス製の金型を使用し、陽極側にニッケルSペレット(志村化工社製)を使用した。通電時間は125A×30min、金型回転数を6rpm、電鋳液温度50℃に設定し、Φ168mm、長さ466mm、厚み30μmの継目なし可撓性無端状部材を製作した。
なお、金型の前処理はナイロンブラシ(スコッチブライト)を用いて研磨した。
以上の条件を基本条件とし、本発明であるカソードスリット部の開口条件を変化させ、突起欠陥を発生させない継目なし可撓性無端状部材の製造方法を発明した。
【0019】
以下、実施例をもとに本発明内容を説明する。
3.継目なし可撓性無端状部材の作成
<実施例1>
スリットの上辺と下辺の長さの比率を変更したカソードケースを用いて継目なし可撓性無端状部材を製作した。製作した継目なし可撓性無端状部材は膜厚分布を測定した。
【0020】
【表1】

Figure 0004657510
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0004657510
(−は平坦部膜厚より下端が薄い。+は厚い。)
【0022】
<実施例2>
次に、全長方向のストレート部とシボリ部長さの比率を変化させ継目なし可撓性無端状部材を作成した。その他の製造条件は実施例1と同様である。
実施例2により作成した継目なし可撓性無端状部材の条件と膜厚差を表3に示す。
【0023】
【表3】
Figure 0004657510
【0024】
<実施例3>
スリットの全長を金型のめっき有効長に対してスリット長を変化させ継目なし可撓性無端状部材を作成した。その他の製造条件は実施例1と同様である。実施例3の条件及び結果を下記表4に示す。
【0025】
【表4】
Figure 0004657510
【0026】
<実施例4>
スリット部開口面積を変化させ金型のめっきされる有効面積比率を変化させ継目なし可撓性無端状部材を作成した。スリットはカソード円周上で均一なピッチ配列で12枚開口させた。その他の製造条件は実施例1と同様である。実施例4の条件及び結果を下記表5に示す。
【0027】
【表5】
Figure 0004657510
【0028】
上記実施例及び比較例1により作成した継目なし可撓性無端状部材の膜厚分布結果より、上辺と底辺の比率を1.26以上、ストレート部とシボリ部長さの比率1.29以上、スリット部の全長面積比を1以下にした場合、膜厚の均一性は各実施例と比較した場合、膜厚分布は大きくなり悪くなる結果となった。
よって、比較例での条件下ではなく各実施例で得られた上辺/底辺長の比率1.25以下、ストレート部とシボリ部長さの比率1.28以下、スリット部の全長面積比を1以上にしたほうが膜厚分布は均一になり望ましいといえる。
【0029】
4.感光体の作製
上記にて作成した継目なし可撓性無端状部材の表面上に以下の手順で感光体を作製した。
1)下引き層の形成(下記文中の部はいずれも重量基準である。)
アルキッド樹脂(ベッコゾール1307−60−EL(大日本インキ化学工業社製))15重量部、メラミン樹脂(スーパーベッカミンG−821−60(大日本インキ化学工業社製))10重量部をメチルエチルケトン150重量部に溶解し、これに酸化チタン粉末(タイペールCR−EL(石原産業社製))90重量部を加えボールミルで12時間分散し、下引層用塗工液を作製した。
次に、先に作成した継目なし可撓性無端状部材を洗浄後、浸漬塗工で下引き層塗工液を塗工し、130℃で20分間乾燥し厚み3.5μmの下引き層を形成した。
【0030】
2)電荷発生層の形成
ポリビニールブチラール樹脂(エスレックHL−S(積水化学工業社製))4重量部をシクロヘキサノン150重量部に溶解し、これを下記構造式(1)に示す。
【0031】
【化1】
Figure 0004657510
トリスアゾ顔料に10重量部を加え、ボールミルで48時間分散後、さらにシクロヘキサノン210重量部を加えて3時間分散を行った。これを容器に取り出し固形分が1.5重量%となるようにシクロヘキサノンで稀釈した。こうして得られた電荷発生層用塗工液を前記下引き層上に浸漬塗工で塗工し130℃20分間乾燥し厚み0.2μmの電荷発生層を形成した。
【0032】
3)電荷輸送層の形成
テトラヒドロフラン83部に、ビスフェノールA型ポリカーボネート樹脂10部、シリコンオイル(KF−50(信越化学工業社製))0.002部を溶解し、これに下記構造式(2)の電荷輸送物質8部を加えて電荷輸送層用塗工液を作製した。こうして得られた電荷輸送層用塗工液を電荷発生層上に浸漬塗工後、110℃20分間乾燥し、厚み20μmの電荷輸送層を形成した。
【0033】
【化2】
Figure 0004657510
以上のようにして、実施例及び比較例の電子写真感光体を作製した。
【0034】
5.上記感光体をユニットに装着し画像評価を実施した。
画像評価は、フルカラーレーザープリンター IPSIO Color 6000(リコー製(λ=780nm、600dpi、ビーム径76×76μm)を用いて、ハーフトーンの画像を出力し、画像欠陥の有無を調べた。
評価は、実施例及び比較例の各条件で作製して全数画像を評価した。画像評価結果を表5〜9に示す。
表中の○はハーフトーン画像において問題がないことを示し、×はハーフトーン画像において白抜け欠陥となり異常画像を示す。△はハーフトーン画像には出ないが、ベルトを画像機にセットした際にベルトの波うちが大きかったものを示す。
表9の実施例と比較例については膜厚分布を図2に示す。
【0035】
【表6】
Figure 0004657510
【0036】
【表7】
Figure 0004657510
【0037】
【表8】
Figure 0004657510
【0038】
【表9】
Figure 0004657510
【0039】
実施例より明らかなように、本発明の特許請求の範囲を満たす実施例の電子写真感光体及び画像形成装置は、画像においても白抜け欠陥のない良好な画像が得られることがわかった。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳細かつ具体的な説明から明らかなように、本発明は電気めっき法及び電気鋳造法(以下電鋳と呼ぶ)において、陰極となる継目なし可撓性無端状部材成形の金型(以下金型と呼ぶ)を所定条件の開口部(以下スリット)を持つ円筒状遮蔽板(以下カソードケース)金型の周囲に同軸状にすることにより、めっきされた基体の膜厚分布が均一かつ、基体欠陥を発生させない基体の製造装置、製造方法及び電子写真感光体を提供できるという極めて優れた効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の全体の説明図である。
【図2】本発明における表9の実施例及び比較例の膜厚部分布を示した図である。
【符号の説明】
1 電鋳槽
2 電鋳液
3 カソード(金型)
4 アノード
5 アノード
6 カソードケース
6a カソードケーススリット
6a−1 八角形カソードスリット
6a−2 六角形カソードスリット
6a−3 四角形(長方形)カソードスリット
6b カソードケースバッグ
7 スリット部
8 整流器
9 電鋳液循環ポンプ
10 電鋳液の異物用フィルター
11 電鋳液循環配管
12 金型めっき有効長
13 配線[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to electroplating, electroforming, and an electrophotographic photosensitive member.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been known a method of using a flexible and seamless endless member having flexibility in a base for an electrophotographic photosensitive member as the copying machine and printer using electrophotography are reduced in size and weight.
By making the electrophotographic photosensitive member into a belt shape, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of a high-speed color copying machine and printer that require a conventional large-diameter aluminum drum base.
[0003]
The film thickness of the seamless flexible endless member that becomes the base of electrophotographic photoreceptors such as copying machines, facsimiles, printers, etc. In order to keep the film constant, it has become indispensable for the film thickness to have a minimum variation in gap with the developing portion. For this purpose, the film thickness distribution of the seamless flexible endless member serving as the substrate must be as uniform as possible. However, seamless flexible endless members are manufactured by electroforming a nickel sulfamate bath, and current (electric lines of force) is applied to both ends of the mold (cathode) or one end during electroforming. Since the tendency to concentrate is known, the required film thickness distribution is not uniform, and as a result, in image formation, variations in belt and gap, or waviness of the photoreceptor belt itself occurs, resulting in whiteness in the image. This causes problems such as omission and color misregistration.
[0004]
Conventionally, a shielding plate (baffle plate) having an opening between an anode and a cathode is provided to obtain a uniform electroformed film of a stamper for producing an optical recording medium by electroforming a nickel sulfamate bath. Means for changing the line and obtaining a uniform film thickness are known (described in JP-A-7-6413). However, in this case, the opening must be changed from the beginning to the end of electroforming, and the control of the opening is necessary to control the motor, etc., which is cumbersome as an apparatus and increases control items as a process. Increased manufacturing cost.
Similarly, a cylindrical shielding plate having air permeability is known as a method for obtaining a seamless, endless member by electroforming with a nickel sulfamate bath (described in JP-A-7-48691). . However, this is intended for the surface roughness of seamless endless flexible members. It is not intended for full-color printers or full-color copiers. Further, in this prior art, the opening portion of the cylindrical shielding plate is air permeable and has only a description and no detailed description on the shape, so that the film thickness distribution required for colorization cannot be obtained.
[0005]
The present invention provides a seamless flexible endless shape having a uniform film thickness corresponding to a substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member for a full-color printer or full-color copying machine by setting a slit portion and an opening condition of the slit portion in the cathode. We have found a manufacturable method that can provide a member.
[0006]
Further, the present invention will be specifically described with respect to the electroforming method, but the same effect is exhibited also in the electroplating method. That is, an electroplating method in which a metal thin film is formed on a substrate and a metal thin film is formed on a substrate is the final object of electroplating, in which a metal thin film is formed on a mold and then peeled off from the mold to obtain the target. The difference is whether the object is peeled or as-coated, and both systems can use the present invention in which high quality products can be stably produced by the cathode slit.
[0007]
[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a seamless flexible endless member for a good electrophotographic photoreceptor free from image defects, an electrophotographic photoreceptor, and an electrophotographic apparatus. is there.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Invention]
The above-mentioned problem is (1) “a mold having a vertical cylindrical portion on the cathode and a cylindrical cathode case coaxially with the mold, and producing a flexible endless member by electroforming. In the electroplating apparatus, the cathode case has a slit portion, and the slit portion has a ratio of the length of the upper side to the bottom side of 1 to 1.25, and the length of the straight portion and the length of the rigid portion in the length direction electroplating apparatus "which is a polygonal ratio is 1.29 or less of the (2)" cylindrical cathode casing coaxially to the mold and the mold having a cylindrical portion of the vertical to the cathode An electroplating apparatus for producing a flexible endless member by an electroforming method, wherein the cathode case has a slit portion, and a full length portion of the slit portion length direction is a portion of a portion of the mold to be plated. that the effective length of the same, etc. Wherein the symptom first (1) electroplating device according to claim ', (3) the first (1), characterized by using nickel sulfamate solution as "electroforming liquid claim or according to the item (2) ( 4 ) "Electric plating apparatus according to any one of items (1) to (3), wherein the cathode case is made of vinyl chloride" Is done.
[0012]
In addition, the above object is achieved by ( 5 ) “Electrophotographic photosensitive member substrate produced by the electroplating apparatus according to any one of the items (1) to (4 )” of the present invention.
[0013]
Further, the above object is achieved by ( 6 ) “electrophotographic photosensitive member characterized by using the electrophotographic photosensitive member substrate described in item ( 5 )” of the present invention.
[0014]
Furthermore, the above-mentioned object is achieved by ( 7 ) "Electrophotographic apparatus characterized by using the electrophotographic photosensitive member described in ( 6 )" above.
[0015]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described.
In the present invention, the plating solution and electroplating bath in the electroplating method correspond to the electroforming solution and electroforming bath in the electrocasting method. In the electroplating method, a base for plating on the cathode is installed. Install the mold.
[0016]
An example of electroforming will be described.
The present invention relates to a cylindrical shielding plate (hereinafter referred to as “cathode case”) mold having an opening (hereinafter referred to as “slit”) having a predetermined condition for a mold for forming a seamless flexible endless member (hereinafter referred to as a “mold”) serving as a cathode. By making the circumference coaxial, a substrate having a uniform film thickness distribution of the plated substrate and free from substrate defects can be obtained, and a seam to be an electrophotographic photoreceptor substrate capable of good image formation without image defects None It becomes possible to obtain a flexible endless member.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the whole of the present invention. First, as shown in FIGS. 1 (A), (B), and (C), a seamless flexible endless member is formed in the center of the electroforming tank (1) containing the electroforming liquid (2). There is a cathode (3) that becomes a mold. An anode case (4) (titanium case) containing the anode (5) (anode nickel) on the anode side, a cathode case (6) around the cathode (3), and a slit portion (7) in the cathode case, A direct current from the rectifier (8) is applied between the cathode (3) and the anode (5) via the wiring (13), and the electroforming liquid (2) in the electroforming tank (1) is circulated. The pipe (11) is circulated through a circulation pump (9) and a foreign matter removing filter (10).
Further, the slit portion (7) of the cathode case (6) is located at the center of the cathode case with respect to the longitudinal direction of the portion to be plated including the cylindrical portion of the mold (3). ), (D), (E), (F), the ratio of the length of the top side to the bottom side is 1 or more and 1.25 or less, and the length of the straight portion in the length direction and It may be a rectangle with a ratio of 1.29 or less, or it may be a polygon. Moreover, it is preferable that the full length part (straight part length + rigid part length) of the slit part length direction is equal to or smaller than the effective length of the part to be plated of the mold. Moreover, it is preferable that the area ratio of an opening area of a slit part and the effective area where a metal mold is plated is 1 or more.
The sulfamic acid solution bath nickel electroforming method is carried out with the above configuration, and a seamless flexible endless member is manufactured.
[0018]
【Example】
1. Preparation of electroforming solution Nickel sulfamate solution (manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 350-600 g / L, nickel halide (nickel chloride or nickel bromide) 5-30 g / L as additive, boric acid 20-40 g / L, Nicke Light S (manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) appropriate amount, 2ethyl sodium sulfate 1-20g / L was prepared and 400L was prepared as an electroforming solution.
2. Electroforming conditions A stainless steel mold was used on the cathode side, and nickel S pellets (manufactured by Shimura Chemical Co., Ltd.) were used on the anode side. The energization time was set to 125 A × 30 min, the mold rotation speed was set to 6 rpm, and the electroforming solution temperature was 50 ° C., and a seamless flexible endless member having a diameter of 168 mm, a length of 466 mm, and a thickness of 30 μm was manufactured.
The mold was pretreated by using a nylon brush (Scotch Bright).
Based on the above conditions as a basic condition, the opening condition of the cathode slit portion according to the present invention was changed to invent a method for producing a seamless flexible endless member that does not generate a projection defect.
[0019]
The contents of the present invention will be described below based on examples.
3. Creation of Seamless Endless Member <Example 1>
A seamless flexible endless member was manufactured using a cathode case in which the ratio of the length of the upper side and the lower side of the slit was changed. The manufactured seamless endless member was measured for film thickness distribution.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004657510
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004657510
(The lower end is thinner than the flat part thickness. The + is thicker.)
[0022]
<Example 2>
Next, a seamless flexible endless member was produced by changing the ratio of the length of the straight portion and the sharp portion in the full length direction. Other manufacturing conditions are the same as in Example 1.
Table 3 shows the conditions and the film thickness difference of the seamless flexible endless member produced in Example 2.
[0023]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004657510
[0024]
<Example 3>
The length of the slit was changed with respect to the effective plating length of the mold to produce a seamless endless flexible member. Other manufacturing conditions are the same as in Example 1. The conditions and results of Example 3 are shown in Table 4 below.
[0025]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004657510
[0026]
<Example 4>
A seamless endless flexible member was produced by changing the opening area of the slit portion and changing the effective area ratio of the mold to be plated. Twelve slits were opened with a uniform pitch arrangement on the cathode circumference. Other manufacturing conditions are the same as in Example 1. The conditions and results of Example 4 are shown in Table 5 below.
[0027]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004657510
[0028]
From the film thickness distribution result of the seamless flexible endless member produced by the above-mentioned Example and Comparative Example 1, the ratio of the top side to the bottom side is 1.26 or more, the ratio of the straight part to the length of the straight part is 1.29 or more, slit When the ratio of the total area of the portions was 1 or less, the uniformity of the film thickness was larger and worsened when compared with each example.
Therefore, the ratio of the upper side / bottom side length obtained in each of the examples, not under the conditions in the comparative example, is 1.25 or less, the ratio of the straight part and the length of the rigid part is 1.28 or less, and the total length area ratio of the slit part is 1 or more. It can be said that the film thickness distribution is more uniform because of this.
[0029]
4). Production of Photoreceptor A photoreceptor was produced on the surface of the seamless endless member produced as described above by the following procedure.
1) Formation of an undercoat layer (all parts in the following text are based on weight)
15 parts by weight of alkyd resin (Beckosol 1307-60-EL (Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.)) and 10 parts by weight of melamine resin (Super Becamine G-821-60 (Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.)) were added to 150 methyl ethyl ketone. Dissolved in parts by weight, 90 parts by weight of titanium oxide powder (Typer CR-EL (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.)) was added thereto and dispersed for 12 hours with a ball mill to prepare a coating solution for an undercoat layer.
Next, after washing the previously created seamless endless flexible member, the undercoat layer coating solution was applied by dip coating and dried at 130 ° C. for 20 minutes to form an undercoat layer having a thickness of 3.5 μm. Formed.
[0030]
2) Formation of charge generation layer 4 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral resin (ESREC HL-S (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.)) was dissolved in 150 parts by weight of cyclohexanone, which is shown in the following structural formula (1).
[0031]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004657510
10 parts by weight was added to the trisazo pigment and dispersed for 48 hours by a ball mill, and then 210 parts by weight of cyclohexanone was further added and dispersed for 3 hours. This was taken out into a container and diluted with cyclohexanone so that the solid content was 1.5% by weight. The charge generation layer coating solution thus obtained was applied onto the undercoat layer by dip coating and dried at 130 ° C. for 20 minutes to form a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.2 μm.
[0032]
3) Formation of charge transport layer 10 parts of bisphenol A polycarbonate resin and 0.002 part of silicon oil (KF-50 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)) were dissolved in 83 parts of tetrahydrofuran, and the following structural formula (2) 8 parts of the charge transport material was added to prepare a charge transport layer coating solution. The charge transport layer coating solution thus obtained was dip-coated on the charge generation layer and then dried at 110 ° C. for 20 minutes to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 20 μm.
[0033]
[Chemical 2]
Figure 0004657510
As described above, electrophotographic photosensitive members of Examples and Comparative Examples were produced.
[0034]
5. The photoreceptor was mounted on a unit and image evaluation was performed.
For image evaluation, a full-color laser printer IPSIO Color 6000 (manufactured by Ricoh (λ = 780 nm, 600 dpi, beam diameter 76 × 76 μm)) was used to output a halftone image, and the presence or absence of image defects was examined.
Evaluation was made under the conditions of Examples and Comparative Examples, and 100% images were evaluated. The image evaluation results are shown in Tables 5-9.
In the table, “◯” indicates that there is no problem in the halftone image, and “×” indicates an abnormal image that has a white defect in the halftone image. Δ indicates that the half-tone image does not appear, but the belt wave was large when the belt was set on the imager.
The film thickness distribution for the examples and comparative examples in Table 9 is shown in FIG.
[0035]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004657510
[0036]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004657510
[0037]
[Table 8]
Figure 0004657510
[0038]
[Table 9]
Figure 0004657510
[0039]
As is clear from the examples, it was found that the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the image forming apparatus of the examples satisfying the claims of the present invention can obtain a good image without white spots even in the images.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, as is clear from the detailed and specific description, the present invention provides a mold for forming a seamless flexible endless member (hereinafter, referred to as a cathode) in an electroplating method and an electroforming method (hereinafter referred to as electroforming). By making a cylindrical shielding plate (hereinafter referred to as a cathode case) mold having an opening (hereinafter referred to as a slit) having a predetermined condition coaxial with the periphery of the mold, the thickness distribution of the plated substrate is uniform and The substrate manufacturing apparatus, the manufacturing method, and the electrophotographic photosensitive member that do not cause substrate defects can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing film thickness distributions of Examples and Comparative Examples in Table 9 in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Electroforming tank 2 Electroforming liquid 3 Cathode (die)
4 Anode 5 Anode 6 Cathode case 6a Cathode case slit 6a-1 Octagonal cathode slit 6a-2 Hexagonal cathode slit 6a-3 Square (rectangular) cathode slit 6b Cathode case bag 7 Slit 8 Rectifier 9 Electroforming liquid circulation pump 10 Electroforming liquid foreign matter filter 11 Electroforming liquid circulation pipe 12 Die plating effective length 13 Wiring

Claims (7)

カソードに縦型の円筒部分を有する金型及び該金型に同軸状に円筒状カソードケースを有し、電気鋳造法によって可撓性無端部材を製造する電気めっき装置であって、前記カソードケースはスリット部を有し、該スリット部は上辺と底辺の長さの比率が1以上1.25以下で、長さ方向のストレート部分の長さとシボリ部分長さの比率が1.29以下の多角形であることを特徴とする電気めっき装置。An electroplating apparatus for producing a flexible endless member by an electroforming method, having a mold having a vertical cylindrical portion on a cathode and a cylindrical cathode case coaxially with the mold, the cathode case comprising: has a slit portion, the slit portion in a ratio of length of the upper side and bottom side is 1 to 1.25, of the straight portion of the longitudinal length and the stop portion length polygonal ratio is 1.29 or less of An electroplating apparatus characterized by the above. カソードに縦型の円筒部分を有する金型及び該金型に同軸状に円筒状カソードケースを有し、電気鋳造法によって可撓性無端部材を製造する電気めっき装置であって、前記カソードケースはスリット部を有し、スリット部長さ方向の全長部が、金型のめっきされる部分の有効長と同等であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気めっき装置。An electroplating apparatus for producing a flexible endless member by an electroforming method, having a mold having a vertical cylindrical portion on a cathode and a cylindrical cathode case coaxially with the mold, the cathode case comprising: It has a slit portion, electroplating device according to claim 1, wherein the entire length of the slit portion length direction is the effective length of the portion to be plated of the mold and the like. 電鋳液としてスルファミン酸ニッケル液を用いることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電気めっき装置。The electroplating apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a nickel sulfamate solution is used as the electroforming solution. カソードケースは、材質が塩化ビニルであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至のいずれか1に記載の電気めっき装置。The cathode case, electroplating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material is vinyl chloride. 請求項1乃至いずれか1に記載の電気めっき装置により作製した電子写真感光体用基体。Electrophotographic photoreceptor substrate fabricated by electroplating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or 1. 請求項に記載の電子写真感光体基体を使用したことを特徴とする電子写真感光体。An electrophotographic photoreceptor using the electrophotographic photoreceptor substrate according to claim 5 . 請求項に記載の電子写真感光体を使用することを特徴とする電子写真装置。An electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 6 .
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS563692A (en) * 1979-06-23 1981-01-14 Kooken:Kk Method and apparatus for high speed plating
JPS61106791A (en) * 1984-10-31 1986-05-24 Kooken:Kk High speed plating method
JPS62157978U (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-07
JPH0617297A (en) * 1992-07-02 1994-01-25 Ibiden Co Ltd Electroplating device
JPH0748691A (en) * 1993-08-05 1995-02-21 Ricoh Co Ltd Seamless flexible endless member and producing device therefor
JPH08209378A (en) * 1994-11-23 1996-08-13 Xerox Corp Collor-cell-type electrodeposition treating apparatus
JPH10130896A (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-05-19 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Electroplating method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS563692A (en) * 1979-06-23 1981-01-14 Kooken:Kk Method and apparatus for high speed plating
JPS61106791A (en) * 1984-10-31 1986-05-24 Kooken:Kk High speed plating method
JPS62157978U (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-07
JPH0617297A (en) * 1992-07-02 1994-01-25 Ibiden Co Ltd Electroplating device
JPH0748691A (en) * 1993-08-05 1995-02-21 Ricoh Co Ltd Seamless flexible endless member and producing device therefor
JPH08209378A (en) * 1994-11-23 1996-08-13 Xerox Corp Collor-cell-type electrodeposition treating apparatus
JPH10130896A (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-05-19 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Electroplating method

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