JP4657402B2 - Injection pipe used for consolidation and reinforcement of natural ground - Google Patents

Injection pipe used for consolidation and reinforcement of natural ground Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4657402B2
JP4657402B2 JP18841899A JP18841899A JP4657402B2 JP 4657402 B2 JP4657402 B2 JP 4657402B2 JP 18841899 A JP18841899 A JP 18841899A JP 18841899 A JP18841899 A JP 18841899A JP 4657402 B2 JP4657402 B2 JP 4657402B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
injection tube
pipe
injection
tube
natural ground
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JP18841899A
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JP2000145398A (en
Inventor
章夫 田中
仁 桐ケ谷
隆英 須藤
広利 押川
加寿恵 佐野
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Bridgestone Corp
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Bridgestone Corp
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、トンネル工事等の掘削に際して崩落のおそれがある軟弱な地山あるいはポーラスな状態にある地山を、セメントミルクや薬液等のグラウトを用いて固結、補強するのに有用な注入管の改良に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
軟弱な地山やポーラスな状態の地山を掘削してトンネルを形成する場合には、通常の掘削工法では支保工を建込むまでに地山が崩落するおそれがあり、このため従来は掘削を行うに先立って地山にグラウトを浸透させることによって掘削を行う部分を予め固結、補強する、いわゆる注入工法が採用されていて、この点に関する文献としては「土木工学ハンドブック,土木学会編」(第1376〜1378頁) が参照される。
【0003】
ここに、上記の注入工法として、例えばA、B二種類の薬液の化学反応を利用して地山の固結、補強を行うには、図10に示すように、まず、固結、補強を施すべき地山101にドリル等によって数m〜数十mにも及ぶような長尺の孔102を所定の間隔でもって複数本穿ち(図10の例では一つの孔のみを示してある)、この孔102にそれぞれ注入管103を挿入して、各注入管103の後端部からポンプ等の液体供給手段(図示せず)にて薬液を圧送し、その先端部の開口104より該薬液を吐出、地山101内に浸透させ、その後の薬液の化学反応にて地山を固結させるものであり、これによって崩落しやすい地山を固結し、補強するようにしていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上述のような要領にて固結、補強した地山を掘削してトンネル工事等を行っていく場合、地山に埋め込んだ注入管の間を堀り進めていく一方で、掘削によって露出した注入管は掘削作業に支障を来すため所定の露出長さになった段階で、カッター等の切断工具を用いて切断、除去していくが、注入管の切断、除去作業は複数の注入管を一本ずつ処理していくため比較的長時間にわたる作業であり、とくにFRP(線維強化プラスチック)製の注入管を使用した場合には注入管の長手方向に沿う線維が複数存在する構造になっているため注入管の切断が困難であってこの点に関しての改善が求められていた。また、FRP製の注入管では耐衝撃性に劣るため、自穿孔式の注入管として使用することができないのが現状であった。
【0005】
本発明の目的は、地山の固結、補強に使用した注入管をその材質にかかわらず掘削作業の進行度合いに合わせて随時簡便に分断、除去できる新規な構造について提案するところにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、管路の後端部より供給したグラウトを該管路の少なくとも先端部より吐出、浸透させることによって地山を固結、補強する注入管であって、この注入管はその長手方向の少なくとも一か所に該注入管を複数本に分断する節を有し、該節が注入管の周りでその肉厚を薄くする細溝からなることを特徴とする、地山の固結、補強に用いる注入管であり、該注入管は、より迅速な切断を実現するためにとくに鋼製の長尺管よりなるものが本発明に有利に適合する。
【0007】
本発明における注入管は外周にねじ山が設けられたロックボルトを適用することができ、かかるロックボルトは、その本体が中空パイプからなり、この中空パイプの先端に円錐形の頭部を有するコーンを備えた挿入管式のもの、あるいは、中空パイプの先端に掘削刃を有するビットを備えた自穿孔式のものとすることができ、このような構成のロックボルトを使用して地山の固結、補強を行う工法をフォアポーリング工法ということとし、かかる工法としては、例えば特開平10−82299号公報に開示の技術が適用される。
【0008】
また、本発明においては注入管として周壁の内外に通じる貫通孔を複数有する筒体からなるものでもよく、その内部には該貫通孔を通してグラウトを吐出、浸透させる少なくとも一本の吐出パイプが配置され、このような筒体を使用して地山の固結、補強を行う工法を長尺先受工法ということとし、かかる工法として本発明においては、例えば特開平11−141273号公報に開示の技術が適用される。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
地山の固結、補強に使用する注入管は、フォアポーリング工法や長尺先受工法など、適用する工法によってロックボルトとするか吐出パイプを備えた筒体とするかの違いはあるものの、その長さが数m〜数十mにも及ぶが、このような注入管であっても、本発明においては注入管の長手方向に沿い所定の間隔でもって節を設けるようにしたので、掘削作業において露出した注入管をその節の部分で折り曲げることにより管の露出部分のみを簡単に分断、取り除くことができる。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下、図面を用いて本発明をより具体的に説明する。
図1は本発明に従う注入管を示したものであり、図中1は注入管本体、2は注入管本体1の長手方向に沿い2個所設けた例で示した節であり、その要部を拡大したものを図2に示す。
【0011】
上掲図1、図2に示した節2は注入管本体1の周りでその肉厚を薄くするV字状の断面になる細溝を例としたものであり、このような節2を注入管に予め設けておくことにより、注入管をその途中で分断したいような場合が生じても、この節2の個所で例えば図3に示す如く注入管本体1を分断用の工具で折り曲げるような力を加えるのみで比較的簡単に注入管を切り離すことが可能で、地山の固結、補強に使用した注入管がその掘削過程で露出しても効率よく露出部分を取り除くことができる。
節2は注入管の長さや材質(強度)によっても異なるが、例えば注入管本体1の長手方向に沿い例えば1000mm間隔で設けることができる。
【0012】
フォアポーリング工法に適用して好適な注入管として、外周にねじ山3を有するロックボルト(中空パイプ)を使用し、その先端に円錐形の頭部4を有するコーンを備えた挿入管式の例(地山に形成した長尺の孔へのスムーズな挿入が可能なタイプ)を図4に、また、同じくフォアポーリング工法に適用して好適な注入管として、外周にねじ山3を有するロックボルトを使用し、その先端に掘削刃を設けたビット5を有する自穿孔式の例を図5に示す。
【0013】
上掲図4、図5に示した注入管は図6にその要部を拡大して示す如く何れのものにおいても、細溝2をその長手方向に沿い所望の間隔をおいて複数箇所設けることができ、かかる注入管として例えば、ねじ山3を含むその外径を28. 5mm、ねじ山3を差し引いた径を24. 5mm、内径を10mmになる鋼製のロックボルトを使用した場合、細溝2の溝幅tは2mm程度に、溝深さhは1mm程度に設定される。
【0014】
図7(a)(b)は、先端先受工法に適用して好適な注入管の例を示したものであって、図において6は注入管の本体を構成する筒体であり、この筒体6はその周壁の内外に通じる複数の貫通孔6aを有し、その内部には、該貫通孔6aを通してグラウトを吐出、浸透させる吐出パイプ7が配置される。また、8は筒体6を分断する節としての細溝であって、この例では細溝8を凹断面からなるものとして示してある。筒体6として例えば、AGF(All Ground Fasten ) 鋼管 (外径が114. 3mm、101. 6mmになるJIS STK400の鋼管) を使用した場合、細溝8の配置間隔Lは1000mm程度に、溝幅tは2mm程度に、また、溝深さhは1mm程度に設定される。
【0015】
注入管はFRP製や鋼管製あるいは塩化ビニール製のものを適用することが可能であり、とくに材質に関しては限定されるものではないが、注入管をその途中から迅速に分断するには鋼管からなるものがとくに好ましい。節としての細溝は本発明においてはV字状の断面を有するものの他、凹状断面になるものを例として示したが、細溝の断面形状はこれにのみ限定されるものではなく、使用する素材やサイズ等によって適宜に変更できる。 また、溝幅や深さについても使用する素材やサイズ等に応じて変更される。
【0016】
本発明では注入管を分断するために注入管の肉厚を薄くする細溝の節を設けた場合を例にして説明したが、例えば、連結部分で地山に挿入するに足る十分な強度が確保できるならば図8に示すような一定の長さになる中空管Tを複数本用意しその一端にテーパーを有するおねじt1 を、もう一端にはおなじテーパーになるめねじt2 をそれぞれ形成し、これらの中空管Tを図9に示すようにそれぞれ連結して注入管とすることも可能であり、この場合、ねじによる連結部が本発明で規定するところの節となり、この部位にて注入管に曲げ力を加えることによって細溝よりなる節と同様、注入管を簡便に分断することができる。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、崩落しやすい軟弱な地山等のグラウトによる固結、補強に際して使用する注入管を、掘削の進行度合いに応じて不必要な部分のみを地山から簡便に取り除くことができるのでトンネル工事等における掘削作業を効率的に行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に従う注入管の構成を示した図である。
【図2】図1の要部を拡大して示した図である。
【図3】注入管の分断状況を示した図である。
【図4】挿入式注入管の外観を示した図である。
【図5】自穿孔式注入管の外観を示した図である。
【図6】図4、図5に示した注入管の要部を拡大して示した図である。
【図7】(a)(b)は先端先受工法に使用して好適な筒体とその要部を示した図である。
【図8】一端にテーパーを有するおねじを有し、他端にそのおねじに適合するテーパー付きのめねじを有する中空管を示した図である。
【図9】図8に示した中空管にて注入管を構成した例を示した図である。
【図10】地山の固結、補強要領を説明した図である。
【符号の説明】
1 注入管本体
2 節
3 ねじ山
4 円錐形の頭部
5 ビット
6 筒体
7 吐出管
8 細溝
T 中空管
1 おねじ
2 めねじ
t 溝幅
h 溝深さ
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides an injection pipe useful for consolidating and reinforcing soft ground or porous ground that may collapse during excavation in tunnel construction, etc., using a grout such as cement milk or a chemical solution. It is about improvement.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When excavating soft ground or porous ground to form a tunnel, the normal excavation method may cause the ground to collapse before the support work is built. A so-called pouring method is used to solidify and reinforce the part to be excavated by infiltrating the grout into the ground prior to the work, and the literature on this point is "Civil Engineering Handbook, Japan Society of Civil Engineers" ( Pp. 1376-1378).
[0003]
Here, as the above injection method, for example, in order to solidify and reinforce the natural ground using the chemical reaction of two types of chemical solutions A and B, as shown in FIG. A plurality of long holes 102 having a predetermined interval are drilled in a natural mountain 101 to be applied by a drill or the like at a predetermined interval (only one hole is shown in the example of FIG. 10 ). Each injection tube 103 is inserted into each hole 102, and a chemical solution is pumped from a rear end portion of each injection tube 103 by a liquid supply means (not shown) such as a pump, and the chemical solution is supplied from an opening 104 at the distal end portion. Discharging, infiltrating into the natural ground 101, and consolidating the natural ground by a chemical reaction of the chemical solution thereafter, thereby consolidating and reinforcing the natural ground that tends to collapse.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when excavating a solid ground that has been consolidated and reinforced in the manner described above to perform tunnel construction, etc., while excavating between the injection pipes embedded in the natural ground, it is exposed by excavation. The inserted pipe is cut and removed with a cutting tool such as a cutter when it reaches the specified exposure length to hinder excavation work. Since each tube is processed one by one, it takes a relatively long time. Especially when an FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) injection tube is used, there is a structure in which there are multiple fibers along the longitudinal direction of the injection tube. Therefore, it is difficult to cut the injection tube, and improvement in this respect has been demanded. In addition, since the FRP injection tube is inferior in impact resistance, it cannot be used as a self-piercing injection tube.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to propose a novel structure capable of easily dividing and removing an injection pipe used for consolidation and reinforcement of a natural ground at any time according to the progress of excavation work regardless of its material.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is an injection pipe that consolidates and reinforces a natural ground by discharging and infiltrating grout supplied from the rear end of a pipe line from at least the tip part of the pipe, and the injection pipe has its longitudinal direction A consolidation of a natural mountain, characterized in that it has a node that divides the injection tube into a plurality of pieces at least at one location, and the node is formed of a narrow groove that reduces the thickness of the injection tube around the injection tube , An injection tube used for reinforcement is advantageously adapted to the present invention, which consists of a long steel tube, in order to achieve a faster cutting.
[0007]
The injection pipe according to the present invention can be applied with a lock bolt having a thread on the outer periphery. The lock bolt has a main body made of a hollow pipe, and a cone having a conical head at the tip of the hollow pipe. It is possible to use a self-drilling type equipped with a bit having a drilling blade at the end of a hollow pipe. As a result of this, the forcing method is referred to as a fore-poling method. For example, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-82299 is applied.
[0008]
Further, in the present invention, the injection pipe may be composed of a cylindrical body having a plurality of through-holes communicating with the inside and outside of the peripheral wall, and at least one discharge pipe for discharging and permeating grout through the through-hole is disposed therein. A method of solidifying and reinforcing a natural ground using such a cylindrical body is called a long tip receiving method. In the present invention, for example, a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-141273 is disclosed. Applies.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Although the injection pipe used for consolidation and reinforcement of the natural ground has a difference whether it is a lock bolt or a cylinder with a discharge pipe, depending on the applied method such as the fore poling method or the long tip receiving method, Although the length is several meters to several tens of meters, even in such an injection tube, in the present invention, nodes are provided at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction of the injection tube. Only the exposed portion of the tube can be easily divided and removed by bending the injection tube exposed in the operation at the node.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an injection tube according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an injection tube main body, 2 is a node shown in an example provided at two locations along the longitudinal direction of the injection tube main body 1, An enlarged view is shown in FIG.
[0011]
The joint 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an example of a narrow groove having a V-shaped cross section around the injection tube main body 1 to reduce the wall thickness. By providing the tube in advance, even if there is a case where it is desired to divide the injection tube in the middle of the tube, the force to bend the injection tube body 1 with a cutting tool as shown in FIG. It is possible to separate the injection pipe relatively easily simply by adding, and even if the injection pipe used for consolidation and reinforcement of the ground is exposed during the excavation process, the exposed portion can be efficiently removed.
The nodes 2 differ depending on the length and material (strength) of the injection tube, but can be provided, for example, at 1000 mm intervals along the longitudinal direction of the injection tube body 1.
[0012]
An example of an insertion tube type in which a lock bolt (hollow pipe) having a thread 3 on the outer periphery is used as an injection tube suitable for the fore-polling method and a cone having a conical head 4 is provided at the tip thereof. (A type that can be smoothly inserted into a long hole formed in a natural mountain) is a lock bolt having a thread 3 on its outer periphery as a suitable injection pipe when applied to the fore-poling method in FIG. FIG. 5 shows an example of a self-drilling type having a bit 5 provided with a drilling blade at its tip.
[0013]
The injection pipes shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are provided with a plurality of narrow grooves 2 at desired intervals along the longitudinal direction of any of the injection tubes shown in FIG. For example, when a steel lock bolt having an outer diameter of 28.5 mm including the thread 3, a diameter obtained by subtracting the thread 3 of 24.5 mm, and an inner diameter of 10 mm is used as the injection pipe, The groove width t of the groove 2 is set to about 2 mm, and the groove depth h is set to about 1 mm.
[0014]
FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show examples of injection pipes suitable for application to the tip end receiving method. In the figure, reference numeral 6 denotes a cylindrical body constituting the main body of the injection pipe. The body 6 has a plurality of through holes 6a that communicate with the inside and outside of the peripheral wall, and a discharge pipe 7 that discharges and permeates the grout through the through holes 6a is disposed therein. Reference numeral 8 denotes a narrow groove as a node for dividing the cylindrical body 6. In this example, the narrow groove 8 is shown as having a concave cross section. For example, when an AGF (All Ground Fasten) steel pipe (JIS STK400 steel pipe having an outer diameter of 114.3 mm and 101.6 mm) is used as the cylindrical body 6, the interval L between the narrow grooves 8 is about 1000 mm, and the groove width. t is set to about 2 mm, and the groove depth h is set to about 1 mm.
[0015]
The injection pipe can be made of FRP, steel pipe or vinyl chloride, and the material is not particularly limited. However, the injection pipe is made of a steel pipe to quickly divide the injection pipe from its middle. Those are particularly preferred. In the present invention, a narrow groove as a node has a V-shaped cross section, and a concave cross section is shown as an example. However, the cross sectional shape of the narrow groove is not limited to this and is used. It can be changed as appropriate depending on the material and size. The groove width and depth are also changed according to the material and size used.
[0016]
In the present invention, the case where a narrow groove node for reducing the thickness of the injection tube is provided to divide the injection tube has been described as an example, but for example, the connection portion has sufficient strength to be inserted into the natural ground. If it can be secured, a plurality of hollow tubes T having a certain length as shown in FIG. 8 are prepared, and a male screw t 1 having a taper at one end and a female screw t 2 having the same taper at the other end are provided. These hollow tubes T can be formed and connected to each other as shown in FIG. 9 to form an injection tube. In this case, a connecting portion by a screw becomes a node defined by the present invention. By applying a bending force to the injection tube at the site, the injection tube can be easily divided in the same manner as a node made of a narrow groove.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to easily remove only an unnecessary portion from a natural ground according to the degree of progress of excavation, for an injection pipe used for consolidation and reinforcement by a grout such as a soft natural ground that easily collapses. Therefore, excavation work in tunnel construction etc. can be performed efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration of an injection tube according to the present invention.
2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a dividing state of an injection tube.
FIG. 4 is a view showing an external appearance of an insertion type injection tube.
FIG. 5 is a view showing the appearance of a self-piercing injection tube.
6 is an enlarged view of a main part of the injection tube shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.
7A and 7B are views showing a cylindrical body suitable for use in a tip end receiving method and its main part.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a hollow tube having a male screw having a taper at one end and a tapered female screw fitted to the male screw at the other end.
9 is a view showing an example in which an injection tube is constituted by the hollow tube shown in FIG. 8. FIG.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining consolidation and reinforcement procedures for natural ground.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Injection pipe body 2 Node 3 Thread 4 Conical head 5 Bit 6 Tube 7 Discharge pipe 8 Narrow groove T Hollow pipe t 1 Male thread t 2 Female thread t Groove width h Groove depth

Claims (6)

管路の後端部より供給したグラウトを該管路の少なくとも先端部より吐出、浸透させることによって地山を固結、補強する注入管であって、
この注入管はその長手方向の少なくとも一か所に該注入管を複数本に分断、取り除くことができる節を有し、該節が注入管の周りでその肉厚を薄くする細溝からなることを特徴とする、地山の固結、補強に用いる注入管。
An injection pipe that consolidates and reinforces natural ground by discharging and infiltrating grout supplied from the rear end of the pipe from at least the tip of the pipe,
This injection tube has a node that can divide and remove the injection tube into a plurality of pieces at least at one position in the longitudinal direction, and the node consists of a narrow groove that reduces the thickness around the injection tube. An injection tube used for consolidation and reinforcement of natural ground.
注入管が鋼製の長尺管である、請求項1記載の注入管。  The injection tube according to claim 1, wherein the injection tube is a long steel tube. 注入管が周壁の内外に通じる貫通孔を複数有する筒体からなり、その内部に該貫通孔を通してグラウトを吐出、浸透させる少なくとも一本の吐出パイプを備えたものである、請求項1又は2記載の注入管。  The injection pipe is composed of a cylindrical body having a plurality of through-holes communicating with the inside and outside of the peripheral wall, and at least one discharge pipe for discharging and infiltrating grout through the through-hole is provided therein. Injection tube. 注入管が外周にねじ山を有するロックボルトからなるものである、請求項1又は2記載の注入管。The injection tube according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the injection tube is made of a rock bolt having a thread on the outer periphery. ロックボルトはその本体が中空パイプからなり、この中空パイプの先端に円錐形の頭部を有するコーンを備えた挿入管式のものである、請求項4記載の注入管。  5. The injection tube according to claim 4, wherein the lock bolt is of an insertion tube type having a main body made of a hollow pipe and a cone having a conical head at the tip of the hollow pipe. ロックボルトはその本体が中空パイプからなり、この中空パイプの先端に掘削刃を有するビットを備えた自穿孔式のものである、請求項4記載の注入管。  5. The injection pipe according to claim 4, wherein the lock bolt is a self-drilling type having a main body made of a hollow pipe and having a bit having a drilling blade at a tip of the hollow pipe.
JP18841899A 1998-09-11 1999-07-02 Injection pipe used for consolidation and reinforcement of natural ground Expired - Fee Related JP4657402B2 (en)

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