JP4651210B2 - Forming method of plate material and its processing mold - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of forming a three-dimensional article from a plate material and a processing die used for the method, and more specifically, it is possible to efficiently form a corner portion with a plate material and at the same time cutting an excess material. The present invention relates to a method for forming a plate material and its processing mold.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, press working is mainly used to form a three-dimensional article using a plate material. In particular, for articles with a relatively large area, such as the cover of a machine part, a large mold is required, depending on the shape and dimensions of the article. For this purpose, a large number of general molds must be prepared according to the number of different molding dimensions.
[0003]
As an example, a construction machine, for example, a hydraulic excavator vehicle body (upper turning body) is supported by a lower traveling body 100 via a turning mechanism (not shown) as shown in a perspective view of the hydraulic excavator in FIG. 101 includes an operator cabin 102, a counterweight 103, and a cover 104, left and right side covers 105, and an engine hood 106 for mounted devices such as an engine, a radiator, a pump, a tank, and a battery. Since the size of each device will change if the affiliated model changes, these covers are attached differently for each model.
[0004]
In such a machine, conventionally, the above-described covers have been made unique to each model. According to the above configuration, focusing on the fact that the appearance design of the side cover 105 is easily unified, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-42194 according to the applicant's prior invention, from the upper surface of the frame. By selecting and combining multiple side covers that have the same height up to the upper edge of the side cover and the same cross-sectional shape, and multiple types of lengths that are limited in advance, configure side covers for multiple vehicle bodies with different lengths. I got to do it.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to the invention of the prior application, the side cover of the vehicle body in a plurality of models having different lengths can be obtained by combining the side cover of the vehicle body exterior with the same height and cross section and combining a plurality of types of side covers with predetermined lengths. Since the cover can be configured, there is an advantage that many types of side covers can be configured with fewer types of side covers. This kind of cover is manufactured by press sheet metal working. As this pressing, for example, as shown in FIG. 7 showing a conventional side cover molding processing procedure, first, in the first step (a), it is cut to a required size in accordance with its dimensional shape. For example, a turret punch that is numerically controlled is used to punch the corners 110a and 110b and the punched holes 111 at important points. In the next second step (b), the pre-bending process 110 ′ is performed only on a curved surface in which the longitudinal section forming the outer shape as the side cover becomes a part of, for example, a radius of 9800 mm. Thereafter, in the third step (c), both ends 112, 112 in the length direction and both sides 113, 114 (upper and lower edges) are bent into a predetermined shape at once, and the periphery of the portion of the hole 111 is similarly formed 115. Etc. to finish the product.
[0006]
In the production of the conventional side cover, as described above, it is necessary to produce the molds required for the molding according to the types of the plurality of side covers. Although the number of molds is reduced, there is still a problem that a limited number of molds are prepared, and the rationalization of production has not yet been achieved.
[0007]
As described above, in the molding process of an article having a flat shape as a whole with a relatively large area, the number of molds inevitably increases because the molds are large, and press processing of small articles is also necessary. However, it is impossible to reduce the cost by using the procedure as described above. In particular, in the corner portion formed on the article, if it is attempted to perform the drawing process at once, the generation of wrinkles in the peripheral portion is unavoidable, and there is a possibility that the product is not finished. Further, even if the drawing can be performed successfully, a process of cutting off surplus parts (burrs) after molding is required, and the number of man-hours increases, resulting in an increase in cost. Under such circumstances, it is the present situation that the above-mentioned problems cannot be solved.
[0008]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is a plate material that can be reasonably processed using a mold having an effective manufacturing function that is employed in forming an article having a relatively large area. An object of the present invention is to provide a forming method and a processing die thereof.
[0009]
[Means for solving the problems and actions / effects]
In order to achieve the above-described object, a plate material molding method according to the first invention comprises:
When molding a panel-shaped product with a bent part around the plate material ,
1) In the pre-bending step , the longitudinal cross section of the plate material is formed into a required shape 100%,
At both ends 2) pre-bend the intermediate product, the sheet of molding while Shave the excess material associated with simultaneously molded during the forming of the corner and bent at both ends edges using a mold having a pinch trimming mechanism A molding method,
In the forming step, the left and right molds divided according to the length of the intermediate product formed in the pre-bending step are slid and fixed using the forming mold divided in the left and right, and the plate material when forming a piercing at both ends and a portion connected thereto, is characterized in that also the drain hole is to punch simultaneously.
[0010]
In the present invention, when a corner portion having a three-dimensional shape is formed by using a plate material, the plate material to be processed having a required size is formed in a first step along the longitudinal direction of the required shape in the longitudinal section. Bending both edges and pre-bending to the required cross-sectional shape to obtain an intermediate product, then bending the edge of both ends (longitudinal direction) of the intermediate product at the same time as the part of the edge that can be bent The excess part (corner part) generated in step 1 is molded while being killed by a pinch trimming mechanism incorporated in the mold, and a required punched hole part is simultaneously punched and formed. In this way, when a part of the plate material that is squeezed by forming is stretched beyond the molding dimension, an excess part is generated, which is cut off by the cutting part incorporated in the mold, and finished to the required dimension and shape at the same time as the molding is finished. Can be taken out. Therefore, it is possible to omit the work of cutting off the surplus part (burr) after molding, and since the cut part is not cut after molding, there is an advantage that it can be finished beautifully without generating a slight curved surface at the edge of the cut end. .
[0012]
In addition, it is possible to reduce the number of work processes by eliminating the corner cutting by numerically controlled turret punch and the punching process of the main part, and the corner part is trimmed at the same time during the entire forming process. The effect is that it can be improved and finished beautifully.
[0013]
Furthermore, if the workpiece has the same cross-sectional shape, a mold for forming the left and right end portions is used by moving it to the left and right according to the length of the workpiece to be molded. Therefore, because it can be molded for models with different length dimensions and can be used as a dual-purpose mold, it can be pressed with a working mold only for the main parts of the work without preparing a mold for each conventional model. As a result, the mold cost can be greatly reduced.
[0014]
The forming of the corner portion is performed by forming the plate material into a required shape by using a punch and a die, and by using a cutting blade provided on the punch side and a tip end portion of the die, an extension surplus portion generated at the time of forming the plate material has a predetermined shape dimension. It is preferable to cut and mold ( second invention). In this way, in the process of finishing from the intermediate product to the product, the excess product can be cut out at the same time, and the target product can be obtained without any additional processing work, and the work man-hour can be rationally reduced. The operation of cutting the surplus portion at the time of forming can be performed without applying an excessive work load so that it is performed only at the necessary portion. If such a forming means is used, not only an article having a relatively large surface area but also various sizes and shapes can be employed in the process of forming the corner portion at a time. Therefore, it is not limited to processing of a specific thing.
[0015]
Next, the processing die of the plate material according to the third invention is:
In a processing die for plate material including molding of a corner portion, a die having a cutting blade for trimming an excessively processed material portion that has been stretched while being formed in the corner portion, and a forming die for pressing and bending the plate material into a predetermined shape Prepared ,
The mold having the cutting blade to be trimmed and the mold for pressing and bending corresponding thereto are each composed of a pair, and the pair of mold and mold are divided so as to be movable in the length direction of the plate material. The divided mold is configured to be supported by a moving support mechanism .
[0016]
According to the present invention, at the time of forming a plate material, the corner portion is more plastically deformed than the other portions when it is press-molded by a die having a cutting blade to be trimmed and a forming die for pressing and bending correspondingly. When the plate reaches a predetermined position, it will be handled by the push-bending mold, and at the same time, the extended part (excess part) exceeding the predetermined dimension will be killed by the cutting blade. The effect according to the first invention can be obtained.
[0017]
In addition, when obtaining products with the same molding at both ends and different length dimensions, it can be manufactured by moving the mold, and it is not necessary to prepare multiple molds with different dimensions, thus improving economy and reducing costs. There is an effect that can be achieved.
[0018]
Before Kikin type and the mold, it is preferable and a punching portion and a molded portion. If it carries out like this, since it can shape | mold to a required shape at the time of shaping | molding and a punch hole etc. can be formed simultaneously, a man-hour can be reduced and product cost can be reduced.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a specific embodiment of a plate material forming method according to the present invention and a processing die thereof will be described with reference to the drawings. This embodiment describes the production of a side cover of a construction machine (hydraulic excavator).
[0020]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a side cover attaching portion of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the manufacturing process of the side cover according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a machining die that is partially omitted, and FIG. 4 is a trimming of a corner portion provided in the machining die. A perspective view representing the mechanism is shown respectively.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, of the exterior cover 3 that covers the engine and other devices mounted on the swing frame of the upper swing body 2 in the hydraulic excavator 1, the side cover 4 has the same design even in models with different performances. The rationalization is made by changing only the dimension L in the length direction for each model. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a forming process for manufacturing the side cover 4 having a different seed length will be described. Reference numeral 5 in the figure denotes a counterweight.
[0022]
The processing procedure will be described with reference to FIG. 2. First, a steel plate (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece 10) cut to a required dimension is prepared (a). Next, this workpiece 10 (steel plate) is sent to the pre-bending step (b), and the longitudinal section perpendicular to the length direction when the product is produced by bending the one long edge 14 and the press die is a convex having a bulge. Curved to form a curved surface 11. At this time, the cross section is formed into a predetermined shape 100%. The intermediate product thus prebended (which will be described as the workpiece 10) is sent to the next molding step (c) to be finished into a predetermined shape. In this molding step (c), the four corner portions 12, 12 'and the edges 13, 13 at both ends, the forming portion 15 and the punching hole 16 of the lock portion are simultaneously performed, and a product as a side cover is completed. .
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 3, the processing mold 20 used in the molding step (c) is formed such that the outer shape of the lower mold 21 (corresponding to a mold having a cutting edge for trimming in the present invention) is symmetrical. The mold modules 21a and 21b, and a detachable spacer mold 22 that is inserted between the left and right mold modules 21a and 21b to change the length of the mold when necessary. The mold modules 21a and 21b are provided with forming portions, punched holes, and the like of parts to be molded in addition to the outer shape at necessary places. And the cutting edge 24 for trimming is attached to the corner formation part 23 in the left and right mold modules 21a and 21b. As shown in FIG. 4, the cutting edge 24 surrounds the corner forming portion 23 of the mold, and the cutting edge 24 extends in the moving direction of the upper mold 25 within a range in which the surplus portion A of the workpiece 10 can be reliably cut during forming. It is installed facing. Further, the position of the cutting edge 24a of the cutting edge 24 is set to a position close to the bending end position in a state where the workpiece 10 is formed, and the cutting edge 24a is inclined downward on both sides of the corner forming portion 23, It is designed to form a so-called second.
[0024]
On the other hand, the upper mold 25 (corresponding to the pressing mold in the present invention) corresponds to the left and right mold modules 21a and 21b constituting the lower mold 21, and is divided into a pair of upper mold modules 25a and 25b. A punch for punching holes is provided corresponding to the lower die 21. And each corner formation part 26 of this upper mold module 25a, 25b rounds the lower end edge 26a so that it may correspond to the cutting blade 24 for trimming of the said lower mold 21, and the excessive part A of the workpiece | work 10 is formed at the time of forming. The trimming mechanism (corresponding to the pinch trimming mechanism of the present invention) is formed in a shape and size that can be killed by cooperation with the cutting edge 24, and is formed by the corner forming portion 26 formed inside thereof and the lower cutting edge 24. Is configured. The details of the punch are omitted because the structure is already known.
[0025]
The lower mold 21 and the upper mold 25 thus configured are both mounted surface plates for positioning in accordance with the length of the molded product before being mounted on a mold mounting portion (not shown) of the press machine. 30 and 30 '. The mounting surface plate 30 is provided with a slide groove 31 on the surface of the plate so that the upper and lower dies can be slid in the left-right direction (length direction of the molded product) to fix the mold modules 21a, 21b and 25a, 25b. Sliders 21c and 25c are respectively attached to the back surfaces of the mold modules 21a and 21b and 25a and 25b of the upper and lower molds 21 and 25 so that they can slide correspondingly. , 25c is incorporated.
[0026]
In order to mold the workpiece 10 with such a processing mold 20, first, as a preparation stage, left and right modules 21a, 21b and 25a, 25b of the upper mold 25 and the lower mold 21 of the processing mold 20 according to the length dimension of the molded product. Is moved to prepare the processing die 20. In the case of the minimum dimension, if the left and right mold modules are brought into contact with each other, a predetermined dimension is obtained.
[0027]
In this way, in the molding step (c) in which the working die 20 is set in the press device and molded, it is molded into a predetermined size and shape. At this time, at the four corners, FIGS. 5 (a) to (d). And as shown by (a ′) to (d ′), the surplus portion that is extended simultaneously with the molding is killed by the operation of the trimming mechanism in sequence. First, as represented by (a) and (a ′), the work 10 pre-bended on the upper surface of the lower mold 21 is placed and set in a predetermined direction. Next, when the pressing device is operated, as shown in (b) and (b ′), the upper die 25 is lowered and the workpiece 10 is pushed and bent by the edge portion of the lower die 21.
[0028]
Further, when the upper mold 25 is lowered, the bent portions 10a and 10a on both sides of the corner 10 are contracted by the plastic deformation of the workpiece 10 bent on both sides at the corner, and the corners are simultaneously reduced. As shown in FIG. 5 (b ′), the surplus portion where the portion along the ridge line of the upper portion 25 gathers due to the constriction from the left and right sides is pushed down by the corner forming portion 26 of the upper die 25 and is extended (handled). A surplus portion A that extends downward is generated. When the lowering of the upper die 25 proceeds, as shown in FIGS. 5C and 5C, the corner forming portion of the work 10 that is pushed and handled is attached to the lower die 21 in due course. As shown in FIGS. 5 (d) and 5 (d ′), the portion that contacts the cutting edge 24 and is handled and extended downward by the lowering of the corner forming portion 26 of the upper mold 25 (the surplus portion A). Is sheared (cut) by the cutting blade 24. In other words, it is killed. Of course, the surplus portion A ′ to be killed is dropped out of the mold and the molded product is left in the working mold.
[0029]
Further, in the portion other than the peripheral bent portion (the edge 13 of the end portion, the long edge portion 14), for example, in the lock portion forming portion 15, the illustration is omitted, but with respect to the forming recess of the lower die 21. The convex part for molding of the upper mold 25 pushes the workpiece 10 to form a predetermined shape. At the same time, the punching hole 16 is punched by a punch provided at the location. Thereafter, when the upper mold 25 shifts to the backward movement, the molded product is taken out of the system, whereby a product as a side cover is obtained.
[0030]
In the above description, the case where the side cover having the minimum length is manufactured is described. However, in the case of manufacturing the one having a longer length than that, the steel sheet cut into the required external dimensions, First, the longitudinal section is bent into a completed state in the prebending process as described above, and in the subsequent forming process, the forming work is prepared and the forming work is performed without the need to replace the entire working tool. it can.
[0031]
In this way, according to the plate material forming method according to the present invention, in order to form a plurality of types of products having the same longitudinal cross-sectional shape and different length dimensions, bending of both end portions which are essential parts is performed. The other parts are pre-bendered, and both ends are formed afterwards, so that it is possible to expand and contract the length dimension without producing a total shape processing mold with different dimensions. Can be used reasonably as well as can be molded without difficulty. Also, with respect to forming the corner portion, by providing a trimming mechanism, the corner portion can be killed at the same time as the forming, and post-processing can be omitted, and the cost can be reduced accordingly. Further, since the corner portion can be formed at once, there is an advantage that it can be finished beautifully.
[0032]
In the above-described embodiment, the side cover of the hydraulic excavator has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be used to form articles having other shapes. In particular, for corner trimming, the upper and lower molds have been divided into left and right mold forming molds, but they are also applicable to single mold molds or when used only at the main part. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be used in a wide range.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view illustrating an example of a side cover in a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing process of the side cover of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a processing die that is shown with a part omitted.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a corner trimming mechanism provided in a machining die.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a trimming process at the time of forming a corner portion, in which (a) to (d) show changes in a cross section at the time of processing, and (a ′) to (d); ′) Is a perspective view showing the workpiece in (a) to (d).
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a hydraulic excavator.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a conventional side cover molding process.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydraulic excavator 4 Side cover 10 Work 10a Bending part 11 of both corners Convex curved surface 12, 12 'Corner part 13 End edge 14 Long edge part 15 Lock part molding point 16 Punch hole 20 Processing mold 21 Lower mold 21a , 21b Mold module 23, 26 Corner forming part 24 Cutting edge 25 Upper mold 25a, 25b Upper mold module 28 Corner corner part 30, 30 'Mounting surface plate 31 Slide groove A Surplus part A' Surplus part cut off

Claims (4)

When processing a panel-shaped product with a bent part around the plate material ,
1) In the pre-bending process , the longitudinal cross section of the plate material is molded into a required shape 100%,
At both ends 2) pre-bend the intermediate product, the sheet of molding while Shave the excess material associated with simultaneously molded during the forming of the corner and bent at both ends edges using a mold having a pinch trimming mechanism A molding method,
In the forming step, the left and right molds divided according to the length of the intermediate product formed in the pre-bending process are slid and fixed using the forming mold divided in the left and right, and the plate material A forming method for a plate material, characterized in that, when punched holes are formed in both end portions and portions connected thereto, the punched holes are simultaneously punched . The forming of the corner portion is performed by forming the plate material into a required shape by using a punch and a die, and by using a cutting blade provided on the punch side and the tip portion of the die, an extension surplus portion generated at the time of forming the plate material has a predetermined shape dimension. The plate material forming method according to claim 1 , wherein the plate material is cut and formed. In a processing tool for plate material including molding of a corner portion, a mold having a cutting blade for trimming an excess processed material portion that has been stretched while being formed in a corner portion, and a molding die for pressing and bending the plate material into a predetermined shape Prepared ,
The mold having the cutting edge to be trimmed and the mold for pressing and bending corresponding thereto are each composed of a pair, and the pair of mold and mold are divided so as to be movable in the length direction of the plate material. A plate material processing die characterized in that the divided die is supported by a moving support mechanism . The plate material processing die according to claim 3 , wherein the die and the forming die are provided with a punching forming portion and a forming portion.

Images