JP4644563B2 - Garbage truck - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage collection vehicle capable of loading garbage such as garbage and oversized garbage.

The refuse collection vehicle includes a loading device that performs an operation of loading the dust thrown into the dust throwing box into the dust storage box. This loading apparatus has a pushing plate, and the loading of dust is carried out using this pushing plate. The loading device has a hydraulic cylinder that is operated by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pump, and the pushing plate is operated by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder. Some conventional garbage trucks drive this hydraulic pump by the output of the engine.
In this case, if the dust is hard and difficult to be compressed, the loading load increases in the dust loading operation, and it is necessary to generate a high hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder for operating the pushing plate. In order to obtain a desired high hydraulic pressure, it is necessary to increase the engine speed, which generates a large noise.
Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, a garbage collection vehicle in which a hydraulic pump is driven by an electric motor has been proposed. As a result, noise caused by the engine is suppressed in the work of loading the garbage.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-164203

In a conventional refuse collection vehicle, when the hydraulic pump is driven by an engine, if the loading device bites in, for example, hard dust, the loading load increases and temporarily stops, the hydraulic pressure having the hydraulic pump Since the safety valve of the circuit is activated and the operating noise (hydraulic relief noise) and the engine noise increase, the operator can easily confirm that the loading device is operating (compressing). However, when the hydraulic pump is driven by an electric motor, the operation sound does not change greatly even if the loading device bites the dust, so if the loading device stops after biting the hard dust, the compression operation is in progress. Nevertheless, the operator may misunderstand that the loading operation has been completed. For this reason, there is a problem that the efficiency of the dust loading work is lowered, such as the operator throwing in the next dust, and it takes time to remove the dust that has been jammed by the thrown dust. there were.
In view of the above-described conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage truck that can perform loading work with low noise and can prevent the efficiency of loading work from decreasing.

The refuse collection vehicle according to the present invention includes a dust storage box, a dust input box connected to the dust storage box, and a dust input to the dust storage box loaded into the dust storage box through a plurality of steps. In the course of the steps included in the loading operation , a loading device that performs the operation, a drive unit that has an electric motor and a hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor, and operates the loading device by the hydraulic pump , If the loading device determines that the operation of the loading device has stopped at a midway position from the start point to the end point of the process by biting into the dust, the loading device is in the middle of the process. And an operation notification means for informing .

According to the garbage truck configured as described above, since the loading device is operated by the hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor, the loading load in the loading device is increased during the loading operation of the dust. The increase in operating noise can also be suppressed.
And the operation notification means is that the operation of the loading device is stopped at an intermediate position between the start point and the end point of the process due to the loading device biting into the dust during the process included in the loading operation. If it judges, the said loading apparatus will notify that it is in the middle of the said process, Therefore An operator can be notified whether the loading apparatus finished loading operation or is in the middle of operation | movement.

Further, the loading operation by the loading device includes a compression step for reducing dust, and the operation notification means includes a load detection means for detecting a loading load in the loading device, and the loading A position detecting means for detecting the operating position of the pushing plate included in the apparatus, an operation notifying section notifying that the loading apparatus is in the compression process, the load detecting means, and the position detecting means, Control means for operating the operation notifying unit based on the detection result of, and during the compression process, when the loading load detected by the load detection means has reached a predetermined value The intermediate position is determined by detecting that the operating position of the pushing plate is between the start point and the end point of the compression process by the position detecting means, and the loading device bites into the dust. Operation of the loading device is that the determination of the stopped, by the determination, the control means activates the operation notifying unit, the loading device is preferably informed that is in the compression stroke.

  According to this configuration, the pushing plate of the loading device performs the operation of loading the dust into the dust container, and when the load detection means detects that a predetermined loading load is generated by the dust, The position detecting means detects the operating position of the pushing plate at that time. And if a control means judges that the operation position of a pushing board is a middle position of a compression process, an operation notification part will be actuated and it can inform an operator that a loading device is in a compression process.

  According to the refuse collection vehicle of the present invention, since the loading device is operated by the hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor, the loading operation can be performed with low noise. Furthermore, since the operation notification means can notify the process in the loading device, when the loading device is stopped, whether the operation of compressing the dust or the loading operation is completed. Can communicate to workers. As a result, when dust is caught and the loading device stops, it is possible to prevent an operator from accidentally throwing in the next dust and to quickly take out the caught dust. Can be prevented from decreasing.

  FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a rear portion of a press-type garbage truck according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a rear view of the garbage truck shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the garbage collection vehicle 1 includes a dust storage box 2 and a dust input box 3 that is connected to the rear part thereof. A throw-in port 3a into which dust is thrown is provided behind the dust throw-in box 3, and a lid 3b that is slid up and down with respect to the throw-in port 3a is provided. In addition, an opening 3 d for loading the dust into the dust storage box 2 is provided at the lower front portion of the dust throwing box 3.

  A loading device 50 is provided in the garbage throwing box 3. The loading device 50 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the loading device 50 is provided with guide rails 4 that extend straight from the front upper part to the rear lower part on the left and right side walls 3 c of the garbage throwing box 3, and can move along the guide rails 4. A slider 5 is provided. A pair of rollers 6 are attached to the left and right sides of the slider 5, respectively. The rollers 6 can move up and down in the guide rail 4. The slider 5 has a pair of left and right side members 5a extending along the guide rail 4 and a plate or the like (not shown) extending in the vehicle width direction between them, and these are connected and integrated. It is. Further, a pushing plate 8 is rotatably attached to the lower end portion of the slider 5 via a pin 7. The pushing plate 8 also has a pair of left and right side members 8a and a plate or the like (not shown) extending in the vehicle width direction between them, and these are connected and integrated.

  Lower ends of a pair of left and right push cylinders 9 are respectively attached to both side walls 3c of the dust box 3 by pins 10, and the piston tip is connected to the upper end of the side member 5a of the slider 5 by a pin 11. . Further, the lower end portions of a pair of left and right press cylinders 12 are connected to the pushing plate 8 by pins 13, and the piston tip portion is connected to the upper end portion of the side member 5 a of the slider 5 by the pins 11. Therefore, the slider 5 rises obliquely forward together with the push-in plate 8 by the extension operation of the push cylinder 9, and descends obliquely backward by the contraction operation. As a result, the slider 5 can reciprocate corresponding to the primary compression and push-in described later. Further, the pushing plate 8 is rotated clockwise around the pin 7 by the extension operation of the press cylinder 12, and is rotated counterclockwise by the contraction operation. As a result, the pushing plate 8 can reciprocate in response to reversal and secondary compression described later.

  FIG. 3A is an operation explanatory view in which the pushing plate 8, the push cylinder 9 and the press cylinder 12 which are main parts of the loading device 50 are extracted from FIG. 1 (however, in order to make the drawing easy to see, the push cylinder 9 The position is slightly shifted). The pushing plate 8 performs the “reverse” stroke by the contraction operation of the press cylinder 12 with the position shown in (a) as the original position, and enters the state shown in (b). Next, the push plate 8 performs a “primary compression” process by the contraction operation of the push cylinder 9 and is in a state shown in FIG. Subsequently, the pushing plate 8 performs a “secondary compression” process by the extension operation of the press cylinder 12 and is in a state shown in FIG. Finally, the pushing plate 8 performs a “pushing” stroke by the push cylinder 9 extending, and returns to the state shown in FIG. Accordingly, the distal end portion 8a of the pushing plate 8 draws a closed shape in which the operation locus connects four points as shown in the figure. As the push cylinder 9 and the press cylinder 12 operate alternately in this way, the pushing plate 8 performs a stroke operation (inversion, primary compression, secondary compression, and pushing) for one cycle. The loading operation by the loading device 50 has two compression steps, primary and secondary, and the loading device 50 uses a pushing plate 8 to make a plurality of (four) dusts thrown into the dust throwing box 3. The operation | movement loaded in the refuse storage box 2 is performed through the said process. The loading operation by the loading device 50 is performed according to an instruction from a controller 19 (FIG. 6) described later.

  In the vicinity of the push cylinder 9 and the press cylinder 12, proximity switches (14, 15, 16, and 17) are provided for detecting that their expansion and contraction operations have reached the extension end and the contraction end, respectively. The first proximity switch 14 detects that the operation of the push cylinder 9 has reached the extended end. The second proximity switch 15 detects that the operation has reached the contracted end by detecting the dog 12 a attached to the press cylinder 12. The third proximity switch 16 detects that the operation of the push cylinder 9 has reached the contracted end. The fourth proximity switch 17 detects that the operation of the press cylinder 12 has reached the extended end. The first proximity switch 14 and the third proximity switch 16 are fixedly attached to the dust box 3, but the second proximity switch 15 and the fourth proximity switch 17 are attached to the slider 5 side. The push cylinder 9 moves with the expansion and contraction operation. These proximity switch signals are input to the controller 19 as shown in the block diagram of FIG.

  FIG. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram relating to the push cylinder 9 and the press cylinder 12. The hydraulic circuit includes a tank 21, a hydraulic pump 22, a back pressure valve 23, a push cylinder solenoid valve 24, a press cylinder solenoid valve 25, relief valves 26 and 27, a pressure reducing valve 28, check valves 29 to 32, a filter 33, 34 and the pressure sensor 41 are connected as shown in the figure. When the pushing plate 8 is stopped at the original position (FIG. 3A), the cylinders 9 and 12 are in the extended state, and the electromagnetic valves 24 and 25 are in the neutral position. When the solenoid 25s of the press cylinder solenoid valve 25 is energized, “reverse” is performed, “secondary compression” is performed when the solenoid 25e is energized, and “primary compression” is performed when the solenoid 24s of the push cylinder solenoid valve 24 is energized. "When the solenoid 24e is excited, each operation of" push "is performed. The electromagnetic valves 24 and 25 are excited by the action of the controller 19 as shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the garbage truck 1. A generator 37 is connected to the engine 36 of the garbage truck. The output voltage of the generator 37 is supplied to a battery 38 via a rectifier (not shown), and the voltage is supplied to an inverter 39 (including a gate control circuit). It should be noted that while the garbage collection vehicle is running, the generator 36 is driven by the engine 36 to charge the battery 38, and the loading device 50 stops the engine 36 during the dust loading operation. Yes. As a result, the engine noise does not increase even when the loading load increases as in the prior art.
The inverter 39 is connected to an electric motor (AC motor) 35 for driving the hydraulic pump 22. The electric motor 35 includes a rotation speed sensor 42, and its output is input to the controller 19. A signal from the pressure sensor 41 is also input to the controller 19. The controller 19 and the inverter 39 constitute a motor control device that controls the rotational speed of the electric motor 35 while using the output of the pressure sensor 41 and the output of the rotational speed sensor 42 as feedback signals. Further, the electromagnetic valves 24 and 25 are operated under the control of the controller 19 to cause the loading device 50 to perform a predetermined loading operation. That is, the garbage collection vehicle includes a drive unit for the loading device 50 including the electric motor 35 and the hydraulic pump 22 driven by the electric motor 35, and the loading device 50 is driven by the hydraulic pump 22. Is operating.
The controller 19 that performs operation control includes a CPU, a memory, an interface circuit, and the like.

And this garbage collection vehicle is equipped with the operation notification means which detects the operation position of the loading apparatus 50, and notifies the process in which the said loading apparatus 50 is operate | moving. The operation notification means includes the pressure sensor 41, the rotation speed sensor 42, an operation notification unit 61 capable of notifying that the loading device 50 is in the compression process, and the pressure sensor 41 having a predetermined loading. And a control means for operating the operation notifying unit 61 when it is determined that the operation position of the pushing plate 8 by the rotation speed sensor 42 when detecting the load is an intermediate position in the compression process.
Specifically, in FIGS. 4 and 6, the pressure sensor 41 constantly detects the operating pressure of the discharge oil passage from the hydraulic pump 22 and provides the detected output to the controller 19. That is, the pressure sensor 41 and the controller 19 can detect the load on the push cylinder 9 and the press cylinder 12 of the loading device 50, that is, the loading load of dust in the loading device 50.
The rotation speed sensor 42 can detect the rotation speed by an output pulse from the electric motor 35, and the output of the rotation speed sensor 42 is input to the controller 19. By the rotation speed sensor 42 and the controller 19, the integrated value of the discharge flow rate of the hydraulic pump 22 is calculated from the rotation speed of the electric motor 35, and the expansion / contraction amount of each cylinder 9, 12, that is, the operating position of the pushing plate 8 is detected. be able to. Specifically, for example, the movement amount of the push plate 8 can be obtained from the contraction amount of the push cylinder 9 in the primary compression stroke, and the position of the push plate 8 can be known from this movement amount.

The operation notification unit 61 is a device capable of notifying the worker that the loading device 50 is in the compression process, and the operation notification unit 61 is provided to the worker as shown in FIG. It is set as the display part which can display the process in which the loading apparatus 50 is operating visually. Specifically, in FIG. 7, a “loading” lamp that is lit while the loading device 50 is performing a loading operation, and in particular, the pushing plate 8 performs a compression operation (compression process) in this loading operation. It is composed of a “compressing” lamp that lights up in the state of being operated.
As shown in FIG. 2, a switch box 70 for operating the loading device 50 is provided on the left side of the garbage collection vehicle at the rear of the vehicle body, and the operation notification unit 61 is located above the switch box 70 and It is provided at the side of the insertion port 3a, and is provided at a position that is easy to see when the operator performs the operation of charging the dust.

  The control means for operating the operation notification unit 61 is based on the function of the controller 19, and the controller 19 operates the operation notification unit 61 based on signals from the pressure sensor 41 and the rotation speed sensor 42. Can be made. That is, the lamp as the operation notification unit 61 can be turned on.

The operation of the operation notifying unit 61 based on the function of the controller 19 will be further described. For example, in the primary compression process of FIGS. 3B to 3D, the push cylinder 9 in the expansion operation state starts to contract and the push plate 8 starts to descend, and the charged dust is started to undergo primary compression. The In the state where the primary compression process is started, the display of the operation notification unit 61 in FIG. 7 is in a state where “loading” is lit and “in compression” is turned off.
In the middle of this compression operation, if the dust is not sufficiently compressed and a large resistance force (reaction force) is generated in the push cylinder 9, and the resistance force exceeds the thrust of the push cylinder 9, the operation of the pushing plate 8 stops. To do. When the pushing plate 8 and the push cylinder 9 are stopped, the pressure in the hydraulic circuit in FIG. 4 increases, and when the pressure sensor 41 detects a predetermined pressure (18 MPa) set in advance, the controller 19 turns the electric motor 35 on. The operation of the pushing plate 8 is stopped, and the operation position (stop position) of the pushing plate 8 is detected by the rotational speed sensor 42 and the controller 19. That is, the push cylinder 9 is contracted by a certain distance from the starting point of the primary compression stroke, and it is detected that the pushing plate 8 has stopped at a position before the end point of the primary compression process.

When the controller 19 determines that the operation position of the pushing plate 8 by the rotational speed sensor 42 when the hydraulic sensor 41 detects a predetermined loading load (18 MPa) is an intermediate position in the compression process, the “compression” Turn on the “Middle” display. That is, “compressing” is lit when the loading device 50 is temporarily stopped in the middle of the compression process, and both “loading” and “compressing” of the operation notification unit 61 are lit in this state. It becomes a state. Therefore, when the loading device 50 stops midway without completely compressing the dust, the operator can confirm that “compressing” is lit. Thereby, the garbage collection vehicle 1 can recognize that it is compressing rather than finishing the loading operation and stopping the pushing plate 8. Thereby, when dust is caught during compression of dust and the loading apparatus 50 stops, it can prevent that an operator throws in the next dust accidentally. And it can take out the bitten dust quickly and can prevent that work efficiency falls.
In the loading device 50 of the garbage collection vehicle 1, since the dust is hard and difficult to be compressed, the operation of the pushing plate 8 stops during the compression process and the predetermined loading load (18 MPa) is detected. In the case where the pushing plate 8 is configured to perform an inching operation, even if the loading device 50 is stopped, the worker automatically turns on the loading device 50 because “compressing” is lit. It is possible to wait for the inching operation to start. The inching operation is a compression operation in which the dust is repeatedly pushed and retracted, whereby the dust that is hard and hard to be compressed can be reduced.
When the inching operation of the loading device 50 or the operation of the next process is started, the controller 19 turns off the “compressing” lamp.

When the loading device 50 has completed the operation of one cycle of reversal, primary compression, secondary compression, and pressing, and the rotation sensor 42 and the controller 19 detect that the pressing plate 8 has reached the pressing process end position, the controller 19 turns off the “loading” lamp of the operation notification unit 61. In other words, “loading” is turned on in the operation position other than the end position of one cycle. Thereby, the operator can confirm that the loading apparatus 50 finished loading operation.
In addition, since the garbage truck 1 operates the loading device 50 by the hydraulic pump 22 driven by the electric motor 35 in the loading operation, the increase in operating noise is suppressed even when the loading load increases. It can be loaded with low noise.

Although not shown, as a modification of the operation notifying unit 61, the display in the operation notifying unit 61 can be “compressed” only. That is, while the pushing plate 8 is moving in the loading operation, the operator can directly see that the pushing plate 8 is moving, so that the display of the “loading” lamp can be omitted.
Furthermore, as another embodiment of the present invention, the lighting control of the “compressing” lamp of the operation notification unit 61 by the controller 19 can be performed not only in the primary compression stroke but also in the secondary compression stroke.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modified example of the operation notification unit 61, and the operation notification unit 61 can digitally display the pressure value in the pressure sensor 41. In this case, when the pushing plate 8 stops due to a large loading load, the pressure of the pressure sensor 41 increases, and the operating position of the pushing plate 8 by the rotation speed sensor 42 when the pressure sensor 41 detects a predetermined loading load is When the controller 19 determines that the position is midway in the compression process, the controller 19 causes the operation notification unit 61 to display the pressure value. Thereby, the operator can confirm by the operation notification unit 61 that a large force is acting on the pushing plate 8 during the compression process.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing still another modified example of the operation notification unit 61. The operation notification unit 61 can display the pressure value in the pressure sensor 41 by a bar graph. In this case, when the pushing plate 8 stops due to a large loading load, the pressure of the pressure sensor 41 increases, and the operating position of the pushing plate 8 by the rotation speed sensor 42 when the pressure sensor 41 detects a predetermined loading load is When the controller 19 determines that the position is in the middle of the compression process, the controller 19 displays the pressure value on the operation notification unit 61 as a bar graph. Thereby, the operator can confirm by the operation notification unit 61 that a large force is acting on the pushing plate 8 during the compression process.

  Further, the operation notification unit 61 may be other than the configuration that can notify the worker that the compression operation is being performed visually, or may be a buzzer sound. That is, although not shown, the operation notification unit 61 is a buzzer transmission unit, and the operation position of the pushing plate 8 by the rotation speed sensor 42 when the pressure sensor 41 detects a predetermined loading load is an intermediate position in the compression process. If controller 19 judges, you may make it operate a buzzer transmission part. Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which notifies the process in which the loading apparatus 50 is operate | moving with respect to an operator as what is based on both these visual means and auditory means.

Furthermore, in each said embodiment, although the load detection means was demonstrated as the pressure sensor 41, it is not restricted to this, As an electric current sensor (ammeter), the output current value of the inverter connected to the electric motor 35 of FIG. The loading load in the loading device 50 may be detected by measuring the output current value in the electric motor 35 in FIG.
Furthermore, although the position detecting means has been described as the rotation speed sensor 42 for the electric motor 35, the present invention is not limited to this, and a flow sensor (flow meter) for measuring the discharge flow rate of the hydraulic pump 22 in the hydraulic circuit shown in FIG. Can do. In this case, the operating position of the push-in plate 8 can be detected from the amount of expansion / contraction of the cylinders 9 and 12 by calculating the integrated value of the flow rate of the hydraulic oil.
Further, when the load detecting means and the position detecting means as described above are provided in the hydraulic circuit, they are attached in the vicinity of the hydraulic pump 22 in order to measure the pressure and flow rate in the hydraulic pump 22, but in addition to this, each cylinder 9 , 12 may be provided in the vicinity of the cylinders 9 and 12 in order to measure the pressure and flow rate in the cylinders 12 and 12.

It is a sectional side view which shows the rear part of the press-type garbage collection vehicle by one Example of this invention. It is a rear view of the refuse collection vehicle of FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the pushing board which is the principal part of a loading apparatus, a push cylinder, and a press cylinder. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram regarding a loading apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows a part of system configuration | structure of a refuse collection vehicle. It is a block diagram about the system configuration of a garbage collection vehicle. It is explanatory drawing which shows an operation notification part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of an operation | movement notification part. It is explanatory drawing which shows another modification of an operation | movement notification part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dust collection truck 2 Dust storage box 3 Dust input box 8 Push plate 19 Controller 22 Hydraulic pump 35 Electric motor 41 Pressure sensor (load detection means)
42 Rotational speed sensor (position detection means)
50 Loading device 61 Operation notification part

Claims (2)

A dust bin,
A dust input box connected to the dust container;
A loading device for performing an operation of loading the dust thrown into the dust throwing box into the dust containing box through a plurality of steps;
A drive unit having an electric motor and a hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor, and operating the loading device by the hydraulic pump;
In the middle of the process included in the loading operation, when the loading device determines that the operation of the loading device has stopped at a midway position from the start point to the end point of the step due to biting into the dust. Operation notification means for notifying that the embedded device is in the middle of the process ;
A garbage collection vehicle characterized by comprising: The loading operation by the loading device has a compression step of reducing dust.
The operation notification means includes
Load detecting means for detecting a loading load in the loading device;
Position detecting means for detecting the operating position of the pushing plate that the loading device has,
An operation notification unit for notifying that the loading device is in the compression process;
Control means for operating the operation notifying unit based on detection results of the load detection means and the position detection means ;
Have,
During the compression process, when the loading load detected by the load detection means reaches a predetermined value, the operation position of the pushing plate is between the start point and the end point of the compression process. Is detected by the position detecting means,
The determination that the operation of the loading device has stopped at the midway position due to the loading device biting into the dust,
2. The garbage collection vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein, based on the determination, the control unit operates the operation notification unit to notify that the loading device is in a compression process .

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