JP4613831B2 - Blood purification apparatus and automatic priming method for blood circulation circuit thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood purification device for purifying blood taken out of a body from a blood vessel and supplementing it with a useful substance if necessary, thereby assisting or acting on the organ function of a living body. The present invention is characterized in that a blood circulation path including a path (hereinafter referred to as a blood circulation path) can be automatically primed. The present invention also relates to an automatic priming method performed using the blood purification device.

  Conventionally, hemodialysis and blood filtration using a blood purification apparatus have been performed in order to improve a serious condition such as a patient with renal failure or a patient with hyperhydration due to postoperative surgical fluid injection. In general, when the blood purification apparatus is used, a priming solution (generally, physiological saline) is introduced and filled into the blood circuit to remove foreign substances and air in the circuit (referred to as priming). And about the automatic priming method and processing apparatus of a blood purification apparatus, an arterial side blood circuit and a venous side blood circuit are connected, a blood circulation path is formed, a blood pump is operated, and a priming liquid is circulated to the blood circulation path In addition, by supplying the priming solution from the priming solution storage container to the blood circulation path at a predetermined flow rate, the artificial dialysis apparatus is configured to discharge a part of the priming solution from the overflow tube provided in the drip chamber. (For example, Patent Document 1) and the apparatus of Patent Document 1 overflow the priming liquid from the priming liquid supply system from the arterial circuit portion upstream of the blood pump through the venous circuit using its own head. Venous side washing and draining process to flow into the system and the priming liquid supply system The arterial side washing and discharging process in which the blood fluid flows from the arterial side circuit portion downstream of the blood pump to the overflow system using the blood head, and the staying liquid in the blood circulation circuit by the above two steps Automatic priming method and apparatus (for example, Patent Document 2) including a whole washing circulation process for circulating the whole blood circulation path by a pump, a liquid level adjustment line is provided in a venous drip chamber, and a blood collecting side is provided in an arterial blood collecting unit A connector is provided, a connector that can be connected to the blood collection side connector is provided in the liquid level adjustment line, and an open / close means is provided in the arterial blood circuit upstream from the connection portion with the priming liquid supply line, By opening this opening / closing means and connecting the connector of the liquid level adjustment line and the connector on the blood collection side, Blood purification device comprising to allow priming the venous blood circuit downstream of the arterial blood circuit and the venous drip chamber on the upstream side of the connection portion (Patent Document 3) are proposed.

No. 5-19075 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2659914 JP 2004-357957 A

  However, the blood purification devices of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above connect the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit to form a blood circulation path, and require an overflow line for priming. This overflow line is formed by detachably connecting an overflow tube having a length of about 1 meter to the liquid level adjustment line of the venous drip chamber, and it is difficult to adjust the liquid level during treatment. During the treatment, it was necessary to remove the overflow tube. Therefore, it takes extra time to connect and disconnect, and the remaining spent priming solution attached to the tube is dirty because it adheres to the hand or drops on the floor. There is a problem. The blood purification device of Patent Document 3 does not require an overflow line at the time of priming. In order to expel air by filling the drip chamber with a priming solution (saline), an arterial drip chamber, a vein It was necessary to invert the side drip chamber and blood purifier, which necessitated extra manual work during priming.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not require an inversion operation of an arterial drip chamber (air trap), a venous drip chamber (air trap), or a blood purifier at the time of priming. An object of the present invention is to provide a blood purification apparatus that does not require a tube and a method for priming the blood circulation path.

The blood purification apparatus of the present invention includes a blood purifier, a blood circuit, a blood pump, a priming fluid supply line connected to an arterial blood circuit upstream of the blood pump, and a venous air trap provided in the venous blood circuit And a bubble sensor, and the venous air trap is provided with a line connectable to the priming liquid supply line.
Here, the line that can be connected to the priming liquid supply line is directly connected to the venous air and the wrap, or the upstream line that can be connected to the priming liquid supply line and the downstream that connects to the venous air trap. The upstream line and the downstream line may be detachably connected via a connector. The line connectable to the priming liquid supply line is preferably connected to the priming liquid container.

  Further, the priming method of the blood circulation circuit of the present invention uses the head to prime the arterial blood circuit upstream of the connection portion with the priming fluid supply line and the venous blood circuit downstream of the venous air trap. And a step of priming the blood circulation path upstream of the venous air trap by driving the blood pump.

  According to the present invention, the following effects can be expected. That is, the blood purification apparatus of the present invention does not require the reversal operation of the arterial drip chamber, the vein drip chamber, or the blood purifier at the time of priming, thereby saving labor and time required for priming. In addition, since an overflow tube is not required, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of connecting / disconnecting it, and to avoid contamination of the floor due to the remaining spent priming solution adhering to the tube and infection problems. Can do.

  The venous air trap is provided with a line that can be connected to the priming liquid supply line. The priming liquid supply line can be connected to an upstream line connected to the priming liquid container, and a venous air trap. It consists of a connected downstream line, and the upstream line and the downstream line are detachably connected via a connector.

Next, Example 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a dialysis apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention (dialysate side is omitted), and FIGS. 2 and 3 are explanatory views of the priming operation of the dialysis apparatus shown in FIG. is there.
As shown in FIG. 1, the dialysis apparatus of the present invention includes a blood purifier 1, blood circuits 21 and 22, a blood pump 23, and a first priming connected to the arterial blood circuit 21 upstream of the blood pump 23. The liquid supply line 3 includes a venous air trap 25 and a bubble sensor 26 provided in the venous blood circuit 22. The venous air trap 25 is supplied with a second priming liquid supply connected to the priming liquid container 31. Line 4 is provided.

In FIG. 1, the blood circulation path includes a blood passage of blood purifier 1, an arterial blood circuit 21, and a venous blood circuit 22. The arterial blood circuit 21 is provided with an on-off valve V1, a blood pump 23, and an arterial air trap 24 in order from the upstream side. The first priming fluid supply line 3 is connected to the arterial blood circuit 21 between the blood pump 23 and the opening / closing means V1, and the first priming fluid supply line 3 is sequentially connected from the upstream side thereof. A priming liquid container 31, a liquid shortage sensor 32, and an opening / closing means V3 are provided. If necessary, the first priming liquid supply line 3 may be provided with a priming liquid injection means (not shown) downstream of the opening / closing means V3.
On the other hand, the venous blood circuit 22 includes, in order from the upstream side, a venous air trap 25, a bubble sensor 26 for detecting the presence or absence of bubbles in the venous blood circuit, and an opening / closing means V2. The discharged priming liquid flows into the waste liquid container 5. The venous air trap 25 is provided with a second priming liquid supply line 4 connected to the priming liquid container 31, and the second priming liquid supply line 4 is connected to the upstream line 41 connected to the priming liquid container 31. And a downstream line 42 connected to the venous air trap 25. The upstream line 41 and the downstream line 42 are detachably connected via connectors 411 and 421. The upstream line 41 is provided with a liquid shortage sensor 43 and an on-off valve V4. The connectors 411 and 421 are closed with a cap (not shown) during blood purification processing such as dialysis treatment.
In addition, as the liquid shortage sensors 32 and 43, an ultrasonic sensor is usually employed.

  At the time of priming, first, as shown in FIG. 2, the upstream line 41 and the downstream line 42 of the second priming liquid supply line 4 are connected by connectors 411 and 421, and the venous air trap 25 and the priming liquid container are liquidated. Then, the on-off valves V1, V2, V3, and V4 are opened, and the arterial blood circuit 21A upstream from the connection portion 27 to the priming fluid supply line 3, the venous air trap 25, and the opening valve V1, V2, V3, and V4 The venous blood circuit 22B on the downstream side is primed. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the on-off valves V2 and V3 are closed, the blood pump 23 is driven, and the venous air trap 25 and the venous blood circuit 22A upstream from the venous air circuit 22A and the blood in the hemodialyzer 1 are displayed. The channel and the arterial blood circuit 21 are primed. The priming liquid used for priming is discharged into the waste liquid container 5. This completes the priming of the blood circulation path.

Next, Example 2 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of a continuous blood purification apparatus showing another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the continuous blood purification apparatus of the present invention is provided with a dialysate container 611, a liquid shortage sensor 612, an on-off valve V <b> 5, and a dialysate pump 613 on the omitted dialysate side in FIG. It is characterized by comprising a dialysate supply line 61, a drainage line 62 provided with a filtration pump 621 and an on-off valve V6.
In the case of this device, the blood circuit priming is the same as in the first embodiment.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the Example of the blood purification apparatus of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the priming method of the blood circulation path in the blood purification apparatus shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the priming method of the blood circulation path in the blood purification apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the blood purification apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood purifier 21 Arterial side blood circuit 21A Arterial side blood circuit upstream from connection part with priming liquid supply line 22 Venous side blood circuit 22A Venous side blood circuit upstream of venous side air trap 22B From venous side air trap Downstream venous blood circuit 23 Blood pump 24 Arterial side air trap 25 Venous side air trap 26 Bubble sensor 27 Connection part 3 with priming liquid supply line 1st priming liquid supply line 31 priming liquid container 32 Liquid breakage sensor 4 2 priming liquid supply line 5 Waste liquid container V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 On-off valve 61 Dialysate supply line 611 Dialysate container 612 Liquid breakage sensor 613 Dialysate pump 62 Drainage line 621 Filtration pump

Claims (4)

A blood purifier and a blood circuit, a blood pump, a priming fluid container, a first priming fluid supply line connected to the arterial blood circuit on the upstream side of the blood pump, and a venous blood circuit In the blood purification apparatus comprising a venous air trap and a bubble sensor, the arterial blood circuit is provided to discharge priming fluid to a waste container, and is connected to the priming fluid container to the venous air trap. A blood purification apparatus provided with a second priming liquid supply line.
The second priming liquid supply line includes an upstream line connected to the priming liquid container and a downstream line connected to the venous air trap, and the upstream line and the downstream line are detachably connected via a connector. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blood purification apparatus is formed.
The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the blood pump is driven in a direction in which a priming fluid flows from the venous blood circuit to the arterial blood circuit during priming.
By utilizing the drop, the step of priming the venous blood circuit downstream of the upstream side of the arterial blood circuit and the venous air trap from the connection portion between the first priming solution supplying line, by driving the blood pump Priming the blood circulation path upstream of the venous air trap. The method for priming the blood circulation path of the blood purification apparatus according to claim 1.

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