JP4609930B2 - Her−2指向性治療に対する応答を予測する方法 - Google Patents
Her−2指向性治療に対する応答を予測する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4609930B2 JP4609930B2 JP2004558213A JP2004558213A JP4609930B2 JP 4609930 B2 JP4609930 B2 JP 4609930B2 JP 2004558213 A JP2004558213 A JP 2004558213A JP 2004558213 A JP2004558213 A JP 2004558213A JP 4609930 B2 JP4609930 B2 JP 4609930B2
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Description
本発明は、HER2指向性治療に対する個別の応答性を予測するための方法を提供するものである。
本発明は、ヒトのがん患者を含む腫瘍を有する対象における腫瘍治療に対する応答を予測するための方法を提供する。加えて、本発明は、胸部腫瘍を処理するための治療薬を含む治療薬の投与が最も効果的になるがん患者を同定するための予測的生体マーカーを提供する。特に、ハーセプチン(登録商標)のような薬剤を含むHer2/neuを標的化する治療薬の効果を評価するための予測的生体マーカーを提供する。
ヒトの腫瘍組織切片は、以下のような本発明の方法に従って予測生体マーカーについて染色された。10%の中性緩衝化されたホルマリンパラフィンブロックは、4ミクロンで切断された。そしてその切片は被覆されたスライド上に置かれた。EGFR及びHER2の免疫染色は、ベンタナメディカルインスツルメント社(VMSI,Tucson,AZ)の、前もって希釈されたEGFR及びHER2に対する抗体を用いて行われた。HER3、Heregulin(NDF)、及びIGFR抗体は、ネオマーカーズ社(Fremont,CA)から得られた。TGFαに対する抗体は、オンコジーンサイエンス社(San Diego,CA)から得られた。EGFR、HER2/neu、HER3、IGFR、Heregulin、及びTGFαは、検出化学物質のI―VIEW(VMSI)を附属した“BenchMark”(VMSI)を用いて免疫染色された。pERK(1:100)、pAKT(1:75)及びリン酸化S6リボソームタンパク質に対する特異的な抗体は、セルシグナリングテクノロジー社(Beverly,MA)から得られ、標識化されたストレプトアビジンパーオキシダーゼ技術(Vector Elite ABC Kit, Burlingame, CA)を用いて免疫染色された。染色に先立ち、p―S6リボソームタンパク質、pERK及びpAKT用のスライドは、「デクローカー」(Biocare Corp.)の0.1Mのクエン酸緩衝液pH6.0を用いて抗原回復され、切片は1次抗体とともに4℃で一晩インキュベートされた。その翌日、スライドは“LSAB2”キット(Dako)を検出試薬として用いて自動染色機(Dako Corp.)で処理した。DAB(Dako)はクロモゲン色素として用いられた。免疫染色の後、すべてのスライドは、4%のエチルグリーン(シグマ)によって、手動で対比染色した。
予測マーカーの発現を検出するためのウェスタンブロット解析は、次のように実施された。細胞は、氷冷した緩衝液中で溶解された(50mMのトリス塩酸 (pH7.5), 137mMの塩化ナトリウム, 1mMのEDTA, 1% ノニデットP−40, 0.2%のトリトン X−100, 10%のグリセロール, 0.1mMのオルトバナジン酸ナトリウム, 10mMのピロリン酸ナトリウム, 20mMのβグリセロリン酸、50mMのフッ化ナトリウム、1mMのフェニルメチルスルホニルフルオライド、2μMのロイペプチン、2μg/mlのアプロチニン)。タンパク質濃度は、バイオラッドタンパク質アッセイキット(バイオラッドラボラトリーズ、Hercules、CA)によって測定された。同量のタンパク質、通常1レーンに15μgのタンパク質は、ゲル電気泳動、例えば、プレキャストの4〜12%のビストリスNuPage勾配ゲル(インビトロジェン) 又は7.5%若しくは4〜15%の勾配を持つ還元条件のSDS−PAGEを用いたゲル電気泳動によって分離された。そしてHyBond−Cニトロセルロース膜(アマシャムライフサイエンス)又はイモビロンP膜のような膜へ転写された。膜は、ブロックされ、例えば、p−AKT及びp−ERKに対する抗体(セルシグナルテクノロジー)のような、1次抗体とインキュベートされた。抗体のインキュベートは、3%のウシ血清アルブミン及び0.1%のTween20を含むトリス緩衝液生理食塩水の中で、4℃で一晩行われた。シグナルは、化学発光(パーキンエルマーライフサイエンス)、又は(Xiaら, 2002, Oncogene 21: 6255-6263)に記載されている様なピアス社(Rockford、IL)のスーパーシグナルウェストフェムトマキシマム感受性基質キットを用いることによって、検出された。
予測生体マーカーの発現、活性化又はその両方を検出及び測定するための免疫組織化学法は、以下のように行われた。HER2/neu、EGFR、HER3、IGFR、TGFα、Heregulin(NDF)、p−ERK、p−AKT、及びp−S6リボソームタンパク質又はリン酸化レベルは、アルカリホスファターゼ技術若しくはパーオキシダーゼ技術及び免疫組織化学的に染色されたスライドの顕微鏡に基づく画像解析を用いて、(Bacusら, 1997, Analyt. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 19: 316-328に記載されているようにして)定量化された。定量化は前述(Bacus & Ruby, 1993, Pathol Annu, 28: 179-204)されているように、CAS200画像分析装置を用いて行われた。解析のために、腫瘍は染色レベルに基づいてそれぞれの抗体に対して陽性か陰性かに分類された。統計的解析は、頻度を定量化し、変数の間の相関の重要性を検定するピアソンのカイ二乗を計算するSystatを用いて行われた。すべての場合において、p値は、全体の母集団分布に基づいて期待されるものに対するサンプルの分布のばらつきの重要性を示す。比較は、関連データがすべて有効であるサンプルに対してのみ行われた。結果として、殆どの比較に含まれる患者数は、有効サンプルの総数に比べてわずかに少なかった。
定量的な免疫組織化学法は(IHC)は、前述(Bacusら, 1997, Analyt. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 19: 316-328)の通り実施された。EGFR、及びerbB―2(HER2)の免疫染色は、ベンタナメディカルサイエンス社(VMSI,Tucson,AZ)の、前もって希釈されたEGFR及びerbB―2(HER2)抗体を用いて、前述のVMSI社の自動免疫染色モジュール“BenchMark”で実施した。VSMI社製の“I−View”検出キットは、会社の説明書に従って、VMSI社のあらかじめ希釈された1次抗体の3つすべてに対して行われた。erbB―3(1:10)、Heregulin(1:25)、及びTGFα(1:20)の抗体もまた、“BenchMark”でI−View検出試薬を用いて免疫染色した。ホスホErk(1:100)及びp−AKT(1:75)抗体は、製造業者によって記載されている標識化されたストレプトアビジンパーオキシデース技術を用いて免疫染色した。ホスホErk及びp−AKTのスライドは、Bacusら(1997, Analyt. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 19: 316-328)に記載されているようにして抗原回復された。スライドは、検出試薬として“LSAB2”キットを用いて、自動染色装置(Dako社製)で免疫染色された。染色後、すべてのスライドは4%エチルグリーン(シグマ)を用いて手動で対比染色された。組織切片を調製し、解析する研究者には、患者の腫瘍の型及び治療への応答性については知らされていなかった。
ハーセプチン(登録商標)を用いた従来の化学療法を受けた250人の胸部がん患者由来の組織のマイクロアレイは、クリノミクスバイオサイエンス社(Pittsfield、MA)から得た。腫瘍そのものは、最も一般的な浸潤性の腺管がん腫を伴ったものであるが、その組織学的解析は多様なものであった。すべての患者は、外科治療の後に放射線治療を受けていた。アレイの組織サンプルは、処置の前に取られたものである。HER2/neuの発現は、全患者のオリジナルの生体サンプルに対して、ハーセプテストシステム(DAKO、Caprintera、CA)を用いて測定された。患者応答はクリノミクスからの各々のの病理学者により決定されたものに最終的に追従する既往歴に基づいていた。
7名の胸部がん患者由来のサンプルは、エール大学から得られた。これら7名の患者の臨床暦は、はじめての治療として化学療法の組み合わせでハーセプチン(登録商標)を処置されたものから、補助剤療法としてハーセプチン(登録商標)を処置されたものまで、変化に富んでいた。これらの7名のサンプルは、受容体、リガンド、及び情報伝達タンパク質の発現及びリン酸化について解析され、その結果は、組織マイクロアレイ解析の結果と比較された。
Claims (14)
- HER2指向性治療に応答する、HER2を過剰発現する哺乳動物の胸部腫瘍を同定する方法であって、
(a)IGFRポリペプチドの発現レベル、及び
(b)S6リボソームポリペプチドのリン酸化レベル
のパターンを検出するために、哺乳動物の胸部腫瘍から得られたサンプルを解析する工程を含み、当該サンプルが示すパターンが、
IGFRポリペプチドの発現が低下し、かつS6リボソームポリペプチドのリン酸化が増加する場合に、
HER2指向性治療に応答する、HER2を過剰発現する哺乳動物の胸部腫瘍であると同定するものである方法。 - 前記パターンを検出するための解析工程において、
(c)NDFポリペプチドの発現レベルをさらに解析するものであり、
前記検出されるパターンが、
IGFRポリペプチドの発現が低下し、S6リボソームポリペプチドのリン酸化が増加し、かつNDFポリペプチドの発現が増加する場合である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記(a)及び(b)、又はさらに(c)のパターンを検出するための解析工程において、非腫瘍組織又は細胞サンプルでの対応するポリペプチドの発現又はリン酸化レベルと比較する工程が設けられている、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- HER2指向性治療がrhuMAb HER2(ハーセプチン(登録商標))を含むものである、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 哺乳動物の胸部腫瘍から得られたサンプルが、少なくとも一つの化学療法剤による治療を受けた哺乳動物由来のものである、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記(a)及び(b)、又はさらに(c)のポリペプチドの発現又はリン酸化レベルの検出パターンが、生物学的検出試薬を用いて測定されたものである、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記生物学的検出試薬が抗体である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記生物学的検出試薬が核酸プローブである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記S6リボソームポリペプチドのリン酸化レベルの検出パターンが、配列番号2の235位のリン酸化セリン残基を含むエピトープに特異的な抗体を用いて測定されたものである、請求項6又は7に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物の胸部腫瘍から得られたサンプルがパラフィン包埋された生検サンプルである、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物の胸部腫瘍から得られたサンプルが、あらかじめHER2ポリペプチドに結合する抗体を用いてHER2を過剰発現していると同定されたものである、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 哺乳動物の胸部腫瘍のHER2指向性治療に対する応答性を性状解析するためのキットであって、
(A)IGFRポリペプチドに結合する抗体、及び
(B)リン酸化されたS6リボソームポリペプチドに結合する抗体、又はさらに
(C)NDFポリペプチドに結合する抗体
を含むキット。 - 前記(B)の抗体が免疫学的に配列番号2の235位にリン酸化セリン残基を持つS6リボソームポリペプチドに特異的な抗体である、請求項12に記載のキット。
- キットがさらに(A)及び(B)又はさらに(C)のいずれかの抗体に結合する少なくとも一つの2次抗体を含むものである、請求項12又は13に記載のキット。
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UA95902C2 (ru) | 2005-02-23 | 2011-09-26 | Дженентек, Инк. | Способ увеличения времени развития заболевания или выживаемости у раковых пациентов |
WO2006098978A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Abbott Laboratories | Diagnostics method for identifying candidate patients for the treatment with trastuzumab |
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US9551033B2 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2017-01-24 | Genentech, Inc. | Gene expression markers of tumor resistance to HER2 inhibitor treatment |
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