JP4607870B2 - 製油所におけるナフテン酸による腐食を防止する方法 - Google Patents
製油所におけるナフテン酸による腐食を防止する方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4607870B2 JP4607870B2 JP2006518258A JP2006518258A JP4607870B2 JP 4607870 B2 JP4607870 B2 JP 4607870B2 JP 2006518258 A JP2006518258 A JP 2006518258A JP 2006518258 A JP2006518258 A JP 2006518258A JP 4607870 B2 JP4607870 B2 JP 4607870B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- process according
- hydrocarbon stream
- carbon atoms
- corrosion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 aliphatic ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- OWHSTLLOZWTNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-sulfanylacetate Chemical group CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CS OWHSTLLOZWTNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- MKIJJIMOAABWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-sulfanylacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)CS MKIJJIMOAABWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDTLDBDUBGAEDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCS LDTLDBDUBGAEDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008116 organic polysulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IUNVCWLKOOCPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptylsulfanyl 2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCSOC(=O)CO IUNVCWLKOOCPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical group SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/10—Inhibiting corrosion during distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G75/00—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general
- C10G75/02—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general by addition of corrosion inhibitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/16—Preventing or removing incrustation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0308250A FR2857372B1 (fr) | 2003-07-07 | 2003-07-07 | Procede de lutte contre la corrosion par les acides naphtheniques dans les raffineries |
| PCT/FR2004/001608 WO2005014758A1 (fr) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-06-25 | Procede de lutte contre la corrosion par les acides naphtheniques dans les raffineries |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007514797A JP2007514797A (ja) | 2007-06-07 |
| JP2007514797A5 JP2007514797A5 (https=) | 2007-08-09 |
| JP4607870B2 true JP4607870B2 (ja) | 2011-01-05 |
Family
ID=33522804
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006518258A Expired - Fee Related JP4607870B2 (ja) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-06-25 | 製油所におけるナフテン酸による腐食を防止する方法 |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7491318B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1654338A1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP4607870B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR20060032194A (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN100556991C (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU2004263692B2 (https=) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0412442A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2531824A1 (https=) |
| EA (1) | EA009208B1 (https=) |
| FR (1) | FR2857372B1 (https=) |
| MX (1) | MXPA06000273A (https=) |
| NO (1) | NO20060567L (https=) |
| UA (1) | UA85057C2 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2005014758A1 (https=) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200600174B (https=) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090061234A1 (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2009-03-05 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method for Inhibiting Corrosion of Metal in Distillation Units Caused by Organic Acids |
| ES2659869T3 (es) * | 2008-01-24 | 2018-03-19 | Dorf Ketal Chemicals (I) Private Limited | Procedimiento de eliminación de metales de una materia prima de hidrocarburos utilizando ésteres de ácidos carboxílicos |
| US9475998B2 (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2016-10-25 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Process for recovering alkali metals and sulfur from alkali metal sulfides and polysulfides |
| CN101875857B (zh) * | 2009-04-30 | 2013-07-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种降低含酸馏分油腐蚀性的方法 |
| US9688920B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2017-06-27 | Field Upgrading Limited | Process to separate alkali metal salts from alkali metal reacted hydrocarbons |
| US9546325B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2017-01-17 | Field Upgrading Limited | Upgrading platform using alkali metals |
| US9441170B2 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2016-09-13 | Field Upgrading Limited | Device and method for upgrading petroleum feedstocks and petroleum refinery streams using an alkali metal conductive membrane |
| US9512368B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2016-12-06 | Field Upgrading Limited | Method of preventing corrosion of oil pipelines, storage structures and piping |
| CN102643663B (zh) * | 2012-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种用于高温下减缓腐蚀的助剂 |
| CA2878630A1 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Integrated oil production and upgrading using a molten alkali metal |
| FR3011003B1 (fr) | 2013-09-24 | 2018-07-20 | Ceca Sa | Formulations anti-corrosion stables au stockage |
| US20160025614A1 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | METHOD AND APPLICATION OF GaPO4 CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE TO HIGH ACID CRUDE CORROSION TESTING |
| GB201709767D0 (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-02 | Ecolab Usa Inc | Naphthenate inhibition |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3048620A (en) * | 1959-08-03 | 1962-08-07 | Geigy Chem Corp | Tertiary amino alkylated amides |
| DE3861642D1 (de) * | 1987-07-02 | 1991-02-28 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co | Katalysator zur wasserstoffbehandlung von kohlenwasserstoffen und methode zu dessen herstellung. |
| EP0357295B1 (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1996-07-03 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Limited | Catalysts for hydrotreating of hydrocarbons and methods of preparing the same |
| US5182013A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-01-26 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Naphthenic acid corrosion inhibitors |
| DE69432621T2 (de) * | 1993-09-28 | 2004-02-26 | Ondeo Nalco Energy Services, L.P., Sugarland | Verfahren zur Verhinderung von chlorider Corrosion in nassem Kohlenwasserstoff-Kondensationsystemen unter Verwendung von Amin-Mischungen |
| US5552085A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-09-03 | Nalco Chemical Company | Phosphorus thioacid ester inhibitor for naphthenic acid corrosion |
| US5630964A (en) | 1995-05-10 | 1997-05-20 | Nalco/Exxon Energy Chemicals, L.P. | Use of sulfiding agents for enhancing the efficacy of phosphorus in controlling high temperature corrosion attack |
| WO1997045503A1 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1997-12-04 | Petrolite Corporation | Control of naphthenic acid corrosion with thiophosphorus compounds |
| US5853619A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-12-29 | Nalco/Exxon Energy Chemicals, L.P. | Low toxic corrosion inhibitor |
| CN1099308C (zh) * | 1997-04-30 | 2003-01-22 | 张庆维 | 一种用于催化裂化装置中吸收稳定系统的防腐方法 |
| US5976416A (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 1999-11-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Corrosion inhibited organic acid compositions and methods |
| FR2774398B1 (fr) * | 1998-02-02 | 2000-03-24 | Ceca Sa | Inhibiteurs de la corrosion carbonique du fer ecocompatibles |
| AU748645B2 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2002-06-06 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Process for treatment of petroleum acids with ammonia |
| WO2001076742A1 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-10-18 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Two-step process for sulphiding a catalyst containing an s-containing additive |
| US7497943B2 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2009-03-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Additives to enhance metal and amine removal in refinery desalting processes |
-
2003
- 2003-07-07 FR FR0308250A patent/FR2857372B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-06-25 EA EA200600194A patent/EA009208B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-06-25 KR KR1020067000381A patent/KR20060032194A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2004-06-25 CN CNB2004800192928A patent/CN100556991C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-25 WO PCT/FR2004/001608 patent/WO2005014758A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2004-06-25 JP JP2006518258A patent/JP4607870B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-25 AU AU2004263692A patent/AU2004263692B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-06-25 CA CA002531824A patent/CA2531824A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2004-06-25 EP EP04767456A patent/EP1654338A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-06-25 US US10/563,549 patent/US7491318B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-25 BR BRPI0412442-1A patent/BRPI0412442A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-06-25 MX MXPA06000273A patent/MXPA06000273A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-06-25 UA UAA200600269A patent/UA85057C2/ru unknown
-
2006
- 2006-01-06 ZA ZA200600174A patent/ZA200600174B/xx unknown
- 2006-02-03 NO NO20060567A patent/NO20060567L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100556991C (zh) | 2009-11-04 |
| EA009208B1 (ru) | 2007-12-28 |
| MXPA06000273A (es) | 2006-03-30 |
| BRPI0412442A (pt) | 2006-09-05 |
| AU2004263692B2 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
| NO20060567L (no) | 2006-02-03 |
| UA85057C2 (ru) | 2008-12-25 |
| AU2004263692A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
| ZA200600174B (en) | 2007-03-28 |
| FR2857372A1 (fr) | 2005-01-14 |
| EA200600194A1 (ru) | 2006-08-25 |
| FR2857372B1 (fr) | 2005-08-26 |
| US7491318B2 (en) | 2009-02-17 |
| JP2007514797A (ja) | 2007-06-07 |
| CA2531824A1 (fr) | 2005-02-17 |
| WO2005014758A1 (fr) | 2005-02-17 |
| KR20060032194A (ko) | 2006-04-14 |
| US20060157387A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| CN1820063A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
| EP1654338A1 (fr) | 2006-05-10 |
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