JP4598813B2 - Construction machinery cab - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cab of a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a crane truck and a construction machine provided with the cab.

In this type of construction machine, for example, as disclosed in Utility Model Registration No. 2526933, a swivel is installed on a traveling body having wheels, crawler belts, etc., and an excavator device, a crane device, etc. The working apparatus and its power unit, and a cab for starting and stopping the working apparatus and operating the traveling body are installed.
The cab is miniaturized so as to avoid interference with the working device during work and fit within the movement trajectory, but at the same time, in order to ensure comfortable living and effective space, the cab entrance and exit is slid The sliding door is set to the same position as the outer side surface portion so that the outer side surface portion including the sliding door is placed in an arc surface having a radius close to the maximum turning radius of the swivel base or inside the crawler track. As the circular arc surface shape, it is slid along the circular arc surface.

Further, a window is provided on the entire front surface of the cab, and in particular, the front and upper fields of view are made wider through the front window to improve operability and to interfere with working devices such as buckets and booms. In order to avoid this, the upper part of the front part is formed in a rearwardly inclined shape so as to be located rearward as it goes upward.
By the way, if the pillars erected at the four corners of the cab stand vertically in parallel with each other, even if the outer side surface of the cab is formed in an arc shape along the outer diameter of the swivel base as described above. The pillars can be formed to have the same thickness over the top and bottom.

  However, when the upper part of the front window portion of the cab is formed in a rearwardly inclined shape as described above, if the outer side surface portion is formed as a single arc shape, that is, a part of a cylindrical body, The front pillar, which is erected so as to be perpendicular to the outer side surface in front view, gradually increases in width from side to side in the side view from the tilt start point of the front window portion to the upper end according to the tilt angle of the front window portion. In addition, the field of view above the front outside of the cab becomes extremely narrow.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned utility model registration No. 2526933, the front side of the outer side surface is inclined inwardly toward the upper part, and the left and right widths of the front pillars are made uniform in the front view so as to balance the entire body. I have to.
Further, for example, in the cab disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2722055, the curvature of the front half of the outer side surface portion of the cab is set to the same curvature radius in the vertical direction, and all the arcs are connected to the front half portion of the outer side surface portion. It is formed as a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by moving the center point backward so that it intersects with the boundary line with the latter half part, and the horizontal width dimension on the side of the pillar changes in the vertical direction In this way, the field of view above the front outside of the cab is secured.

  According to the publication, the door sliding surface at the door opening of the cab is formed by a lower arc having the same center as the turning center of the swivel from the lower end of the pillar at the lower end of the door opening. A basic arc connecting the point at which the outer lower end of the cab rear end face is located inside the swivel with respect to the intersection of the rear end face and the lower arc, and the lower end of the door opening. From the lower end of the door opening to the upper end of the door opening, the center of the basic arc is formed by the same arc that is shifted backward according to the rear inclination of the front window.

Then, an outer side surface behind the door opening and reaching the rear end of the cab is formed as the same cylindrical surface composed of the basic arc connecting the rear end of the door opening to the rear end of the cab. Yes.
With this configuration, in the cab for construction machine disclosed in the above patent publication, the front window portion of the cab has the same width across the top and bottom, and even when the upper portion is inclined backward, the cab width is maximized from the front of the cab. In addition, it is easy to manufacture, and the door stopper provided at the rear end of the cabin does not need to protrude from the swivel.

Thus, according to the construction machine cab disclosed in the above patent publication, the door opening on the outer side surface of the cab is formed in a three-dimensional curved surface as described above, and the cab of the cab is formed from the rear end of one door opening. The rear outer side surface portion up to the rear end is formed of a cylindrical surface.
The three-dimensional curved surface of the door opening and the cylindrical surface of the rear outer side surface are formed in a shape along a basic arc having the same radius in plan view as described above. The three-dimensional curved surface side has a shape along an arc whose center point is moved backward from the center of the cylindrical surface of the rear outer side surface portion.

In this way, the arc formed by the three-dimensional curved surface with the center point moved while keeping the same radial dimension intersects with the cylindrical surface of the rear outer side surface at an intersection angle at the point of the rear end of the door opening. The intersection angle becomes smaller according to the amount of movement of the center point.
As a result, along the rear end of the door opening, a smooth continuous surface of the three-dimensional curved surface and the cylindrical surface of the rear outer side surface portion is not obtained, and it becomes a polygonal square shape in plan view. , The aesthetics of the side parts are impaired.

The basic arc at the lower end of the door closing part is inscribed in the lower arc passing through the lower end of the front outer pillar.
Accordingly, the cylindrical surface of the rear outer side surface portion is, for example, a cylindrical shape along the lower arc, and the center point is moved rearward according to each height position on the outer side edge constituting the door opening, and the rear end By sequentially obtaining an arc inscribed in the lower arc and forming a three-dimensional curved surface, the three-dimensional curved surface and the cylindrical surface of the rear outer side surface are smoothly connected with the inner contact as a boundary. It becomes possible to make it into a shape.

In any case, however, the overall shape of the sliding door needs to have a similar configuration along the outer side surface of the cab having a three-dimensional curved surface at least partially as described above.
Therefore, the sliding door is also composed of a three-dimensional curved portion and a cylindrical portion. When the sliding door is opened and closed, particularly when the opening of the entrance / exit is opened by the sliding door, the inner surface of the three-dimensional curved surface portion is the cab. It rides on the rear outer side surface and has to lift the entire door outward from the rear outer side surface.

As a result, the amount of lifting is calculated, and the outer side surface of the cab must be arranged inwardly from the outer diameter of the swivel, so that the cabin interior width is reduced accordingly.
The object of the present invention is to increase the effective space in the cab room as much as possible without causing the door to protrude outward from the maximum turning radius of the swivel during the opening and closing operation of the sliding door, and to smoothly open and close the sliding door. It is to provide a construction machine having the cab structure and the cab installed therein.

This object is achieved by the first to fifth inventions.
The cab of the first invention is provided with a swivel on the lower traveling body, is installed at a position deviated from the swivel center of the swivel, is formed with a curved surface whose outer side surface swells outward, and the outer side surface. In the cab of a construction machine having a sliding door at a part, the radius of curvature of the rear half of the outer side surface is set smaller than the radius of curvature of the front half in the vertical direction.

Now, the entire curved surface area of the outer side surface portion of the cab is constituted by a part of a cylindrical body having the same radius of curvature, and the rear end of the outer side surface portion is placed in the vicinity of the periphery of the swivel base at the rear end portion of the area. When the cab is installed as described above, the rear end of the door protrudes outward from the turning radius of the turntable when the sliding door is opened as described above.
In order to avoid this, if the guide roller placed at the center of the rear edge of the sliding door is engaged with the guide rail arranged in the rear half of the outer side surface of the cab so that it does not jump out, The front edge of the sliding door pops out.

Therefore, normally, when the sliding door is opened, the interior volume of the front part of the driver's seat is secured, and the installation position of the outer rear end of the cab is set with a margin so that the rear end does not jump out of the turning radius of the swivel base. ing.
As a result, the interior width behind the seat portion of the cab is extremely narrow, which often gives the operator a great feeling of pressure.

On the other hand, in the first invention of the present invention, the radius of curvature in the rear half of the outer side surface of the cab is set smaller than that of the front half, and the rear end installation position of the outer side of the cab is set by the thickness of the door. When the sliding door is opened, the rear end of the door is actively guided along the rear half of the outer side with a small radius of curvature, and the front edge of the sliding door is simultaneously moved along the surface of the outer side. Thus, even when the door is opened, the rear half of the cab can be widened as much as possible without causing the rear end to protrude outward from the turning radius of the turntable.
That is, instead of minimizing the volume of the rear half of the cab, the volume of the front half, in other words, the front of the driver, is maximized.
In addition, the curvature radius of the second half part may be constant, or may be gradually decreased from the front to the rear of the second half part.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the front window portion is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined rearward in a side view, and extends outward from the outer edge of the front window portion. At least the upper region of the front half of the section is formed in a three-dimensional curved surface shape that has an arcuate cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the vertical line and gradually curves inward three-dimensionally toward the front inclined edge The sliding door has a curved surface that is substantially the same as the front half of the outer side surface, and the curved region of the rear half of the outer side surface is formed as an arc surface that is continuous with the curved region of the front half. It is characterized by.

  For example, as the arc having the same radius of curvature goes upward, the three-dimensional curved surface gradually displaces the center position backward, and the rear end of the three-dimensional curved surface is positioned on the same vertical line. It is formed by setting or gradually decreasing the radius of curvature of the arc as it goes upward, and setting the rear end of the three-dimensional curved surface to be located on the same vertical line.

The cylindrical bus formed by the circular arc surface may be a curved line.
In the present invention, particularly, the case where the front window portion of the cab is formed as an inclined surface inclined backward from the lower side to the upper side is defined. In this case, the curved form of the outer side surface portion of the cab is simplified. When configured by a part of the cylindrical body, as described above, the pillar provided between the front window portion and the outer side surface increases in side width as it goes upward, so that the field of view obliquely upward is greatly hindered for the operator. It will be.

Therefore, in the second invention, the front window portion is formed on the rear inclined surface, and at least the front half portion of the outer side surface portion following the rear inclined surface has the above-described three-dimensional curved surface shape.
At this time, the second half of the outer side surface portion is formed as a smoothly continuous curved surface across a boundary line extending in the vertical direction with the three-dimensional curved surface.
The curved surface area of the latter half can be configured by a part of a single cylindrical body, for example, but the same curvature radius smaller than the curvature radius of the lower end of the first half while smoothly continuing to the three-dimensional curved surface. Then, the center can be gradually moved forward to form an inclined surface inclined inward of the swivel base as a whole upward.

With such a configuration, the side surface of the pillar can be made uniform in width up and down, the field of view obliquely above can be widened, and the left and right edges of the cab can be made parallel when viewed from the front. The appearance is secured.
In addition, the radius of curvature of the second half is made smaller than the radius of curvature of the first half of the cab, and the front end of the three-dimensional curved surface region that is inclined inwardly toward the upper side of the cab is deformed as vertically as possible. By doing so, not only can the cabin of the cab be widened to the maximum as in the first aspect of the invention, but also the door is prevented from protruding outward from the maximum turning radius of the swivel when the sliding door is opened. Enable.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, for example, by deforming the front end of the three-dimensional curved surface area inclined toward the inside of the cab toward the upper side in a vertical line shape, the outer side surface portion is moved on and off the slide door. It has guide means for deforming and guiding the three-dimensional curved surface shape of the sliding door so as to become a two-dimensional curved shape, that is, a part of a single cylindrical body at the time of opening the mouth.
When the three-dimensional curved surface is formed on the sliding surface of the sliding door, when the door is opened, the front end edge of the three-dimensional curved surface rides on the rear half of the outer side surface portion, and particularly the lower end of the front edge of the door and In other words, the upper end of the trailing edge is projected outwardly more than when the sliding door has a two-dimensional curved surface.

In the present invention, as described above, since the radius of curvature of the rear half of the outer side surface is set smaller than that of the front half, the amount of overhang is particularly large.
Therefore, in the third invention, guide means for positively deforming the three-dimensional curved surface into a two-dimensional curved surface when the slide door having the three-dimensional curved surface is opened is provided on the outer side surface portion.
The guide means at the time of opening and closing the sliding door is composed of a rolling roller provided on the normal door side and a guide rail provided on the outer side surface portion of the cab.

The rolling rollers are installed at three locations, generally two at the upper and lower ends of the front edge of the sliding door and one at the center of the rear edge of the door. The rolling position of the moving roller with respect to the door body is unchanged, and in particular, it is impossible to increase the distance between the rolling roller and the door body during rolling.
On the other hand, the guide rail provided on the outer side surface of the cab can forcibly guide the rolling roller during rolling.

Accordingly, in the third aspect of the present invention, for example, the guide track of the guide rail with respect to the rolling roller provided at the upper end of the front edge of the slide door is formed so as to be gradually pushed outward, and the roll provided at the lower end of the front edge of the slide door. A guide locus of the guide rail with respect to the moving roller is formed so as to be drawn inward.
On the other hand, the rolling roller provided at the center of the rear end edge of the sliding door is restrained and guided by a guide rail provided along an arc having a smaller radius of curvature than the front half of the outer side surface.

In other words, when opening the sliding door, the upper edge of the front edge of the door is positively pushed outwards, the lower edge of the front edge of the door is positively pulled inward, and at the same time, the central part of the rear edge of the door is Guide along the surface of the second half of the club.
As a result, the slide door having a three-dimensional curved surface is deformed into a two-dimensional curved surface, and the door is opened along the surface of the outer side surface of the cab. The sliding surface of the door is entirely along the rear half surface of the outer side surface portion, and the lower end of the front end edge and / or the upper end of the rear end edge of the door are within the maximum turning radius of the swivel.

  The fourth invention of the present invention is installed at a position deviated from the swivel center of the swivel, and has a front window portion having an inclined surface inclined rearward in a side view, and extends rearward from the outer edge of the front window portion. An outer side surface portion having an entrance that opens with a required width from the upper end edge to the lower end edge in the curved surface region of the front half portion, and is formed of a curved surface that swells outward in the entire cross section perpendicular to the vertical line. In a cab of a construction machine including a sliding door that opens and closes the entrance, the curved region of the front half of the outer side surface extending rearward from the outer edge of the inclined surface is a vertical line. The cross-sectional shape orthogonal to each other is an arc shape, and is formed into a three-dimensional curved surface shape whose radius of curvature gradually decreases upward, and the sliding door has a curved surface substantially the same as the front half of the outer side surface portion. The curved region of the rear half of the outer side surface is It has the same curvature over the bottom and is formed in an arc surface continuous to the curved area of the first half, and its radius of curvature is set to be substantially the same as the radius of curvature at the lower end of the three-dimensional curved surface area. The outer side surface portion is characterized by having guide means for deforming and guiding the sliding door so that the three-dimensional curved surface shape of the sliding door becomes a two-dimensional curved shape when the sliding door is opened and closed.

The present invention differs from the third invention in that the radius of curvature in the rear half of the outer side surface is set to be substantially the same as the radius of curvature in the lower end of the three-dimensional curved surface region in the front half. ing.
Even in this invention, the curved surface of the rear half of the outer side surface portion can be formed in a part of a single cylindrical body as in the second invention, but as the curved surface goes upward, the cab It can also be set as the form which inclines slightly inside.

In the fourth invention, compared with the third invention, the amount of protrusion to the outside of the rear end of the door when the sliding door is opened is reduced, but it is still extended, and the front edge of the door is not changed. The amount of protrusion at the lower end is not different from that of the third invention.
Therefore, by deforming the three-dimensional curved surface of the front portion of the slide door into a two-dimensional curved surface as in the third aspect of the invention, the rear end of the slide door is located outside the turning radius of the swivel base even when the door is opened. Does not protrude.

  In the fifth aspect of the present invention, a swivel base is provided on the lower traveling body, the swivel base is installed at a position deviated from the swivel center, and the outer side surface part is formed with a curved surface bulging outward, and the outer side surface part The construction machine having the cab according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cab is installed at a position where the lower end outside the front edge of the cab is on a substantially maximum turning radius of the swivel. It is characterized in that the lower end of the front edge and / or the upper end of the rear edge of the sliding door is set on the substantially maximum turning radius of the swivel when the entrance / exit is opened.

  By adopting such a configuration, as described above, the rear end of the sliding door does not jump out of the turning radius when the sliding door is opened and closed, and the door can be smoothly opened and closed. It is possible to maximize the space of the driver, that is, the space in front of and on the side of the driver.

Hereinafter, typical embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine according to this embodiment.
This hydraulic excavator includes a swivel base 2 on a traveling body 1, a cab 3 and an engine room 4 are provided on the swivel base 2, and a work machine 5 is attached.
The work machine 5 includes a boom 5a whose base end is pivotally supported on the pivot center of the swivel base 2, an arm 5b pivotally supported at the distal end of the boom 5a, and a bucket pivotally supported at the distal end of the arm 5b. 5c and the like.

The cab 3 is installed so as to be biased to the right side of the working machine 5 on the turntable 2 in a front view.
The cab 3 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the front surface portion 6 thereof has a vertical surface 6 a that rises substantially vertically from the lower end to a height position of approximately １ ／, It consists of an inclined surface 6b that rises backward from the upper end of the surface 6a to the top plate portion 7, and a plate glass or a transparent resin plate is fitted into the vertical surface 6a and the inclined surface 6b, respectively. Therefore, the front surface portion 6 has a substantially square shape in a side view.

In addition, the left inner side surface portion 8 and the rear surface portion 9 in the front view are each formed of a vertical surface, and a plate glass or a transparent resin plate is fitted into an upper half surface of each panel or a smaller area.
The reason why the front surface portion 6 is inclined rearward in this way is to secure the upper field of view and avoid interference between the work implement 5 and the cab 3.

On the other hand, the outer side surface 10 connecting the outer edges of the front surface 6 and the rear surface 9 in a front view is a curved surface that bulges outward.
According to the present embodiment, the intermediate pillar 11 is erected at a position approximately 2/3 of the front-rear width from the front end at the lower end of the outer side surface portion 10, and the rear end of the front pillar 12 and the intermediate pillar 11 An opening 14 for getting on and off the worker is formed between the front end and constitutes the first half of the present invention.

Further, a plate glass or a transparent resin plate is fitted in an upper half portion of the panel between the intermediate pillar 11 and the rear pillar 13, and an intermediate guide rail portion 15 of a slide door 16 extending horizontally is formed below the plate glass. Has been.
In the present embodiment, the front half portion of the cab outer side surface portion 10 is constituted by a single cylindrical surface region 10b from the lower end of the opening portion 14 to a height position of approximately 1/3, and the remaining upper portion. About 2/3 is constituted by the three-dimensional curved surface region 10a.

The rear half of the cab outer side surface portion 10 is composed of a two-dimensional curved region 21 that smoothly continues to the cylindrical surface region 10b and the three-dimensional curved region 10a.
FIG. 4 schematically shows a three-dimensional view and a top view of the cab for explaining the shape of the outer side surface portion 10.
In the figure, for easy understanding, the entire front half of the outer side surface portion 10 is defined as the three-dimensional curved surface region 10a in the arc (front-rear) direction, and the cylindrical surface region 10b and the vertical surface 6a of the front surface portion 6 are illustrated. However, it is needless to say that the effects of the present invention can be obtained even in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 having such a configuration.

Hereinafter, the shape of the outer side surface portion 10 will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
The three-dimensional curved region 10a and the two-dimensional curved region 21 are separated by a boundary line a1 that is vertical in a side view.
The boundary line a1 is on the line segment a in the top view.
When the driver sits in a driver's seat in the cab (not shown), the driver's elbow is positioned in the vicinity of the line segment a.

The lower end of the front edge of the three-dimensional curved region 10a is on the turning second substantially maximum turning radius, and the front end of the three-dimensional curved region 10a extends from the lower end of the front edge to the outer side of the cab 3 in front view. Standing diagonally backward so that it does not overhang.
Then, the radius of curvature gradually decreases from the lower edge toward the upper edge in accordance with the inclination (changes from the curvature radius R1 at the lower end to the curvature radius Rn at the upper end), and the rear end of the rear edge is changed. Each of the boundary lines a1 has a three-dimensional curved form smoothly connected with an arc having a radius of curvature R2 inscribed in the two-dimensional curved surface region 21. Although the boundary line a1 is a substantially vertical line in the present embodiment, it is inclined inward above the cab 3 in FIG.

  Here, in the illustrated cab shape, R1> Rn> R2 and the outer side surface 10 of the cab 3 is smoothly continuous across the front and rear, so that the arc of the curvature radius R1 at the lower end of the front half and the upper end thereof are the same. The centers O1, On, O2 of the arc having the radius of curvature Rn and the arc having the radius of curvature R2 of the second half are on the line segment a, and the rear edge of the front half and the front edge of the second half on the boundary line a1. The edge is designed to be inscribed in an arc having a radius of curvature R1 at the lower end of the front half.

The effect by the above-mentioned structure in the front half part of the said outer side surface part 10 is as follows.
First, the front edge lower end of the three-dimensional curved region 10 a, that is, the front edge lower end of the cab 3 is positioned on the maximum turning radius of the swivel base 2.
This is because, for example, as described in Japanese Patent No. 2722055, which is the prior art described above, the front portion 6 has a cab that is lower than the maximum turning radius of the swivel base. When it is assumed that 3 is within the turning radius of the swivel base 2, a larger front surface area can be secured.

This immediately leads to an increase in front view and an improvement in driver comfort accompanying an increase in cab volume.
Further, the front end of the three-dimensional curved surface region 10a is directed from the lower end to the upper end, and the front pillar 12 to which the front end is connected is tilted rearward so as not to protrude outside the cab 3 when viewed from the front. The aesthetics of the front view is also improved.

Further, the front end of the outer side surface portion 10 shown in FIG. 4, that is, the front end of the three-dimensional curved surface region 10a is inclined toward the inside of the cab as it goes upward, whereas the boundary line a1, that is, the three-dimensional curved portion. The rear end of the surface region 10a is inclined slightly to the inside of the cab as the boundary line a1 goes upward as described above in FIG. 4A.
Conventionally, in the cab in which the front surface portion 6 is inclined and the outer side surface portion 10 has a shape similar to a cylindrical body, when the balance is made so that the front pillar does not protrude from the cab in front view, the utility model described above is used. As described in Japanese Patent No. 2526933, the upper side of the outer side surface portion had to be inclined inward.

Furthermore, when the cab is equipped with a slide door, the surface shape of the slide door is made to be a cylinder or a shape similar to a cylinder for opening and closing the cab.
As a result, it has been necessary to incline the outer side surface portion inward over at least the entire surface on which the sliding door slides.
Compared to this prior art, in the present invention, the inclination of the cab above the three-dimensional curved region 10a toward the inside of the cab is gradually reduced from the front end toward the rear end, so that the volume of the cab, particularly the driver, Since the volume in the cab that can be visually recognized when seated in the driver's seat increases, driving comfort is improved.

However, when the configuration of the outer side surface portion 10 described above is adopted, the lower end of the front edge or the rear edge of the slide door protrudes greatly outside the cab 3 when the slide door is opened and closed, so that the cab 3 turns when the slide door is opened. The problem arises that it does not fit within the radius. A solution to this problem will be described later.
On the other hand, the rear half portion of the outer side surface portion 10 through the boundary line a <b> 1 is constituted by a single cylindrical surface having the same curvature radius R <b> 2 over the upper and lower sides of the cab 3.

The curvature radius R2 is set to be smaller than the curvature radius R1 of the cylindrical surface region 10a of the first half portion as described above, and is inscribed in the first half portion of the outer side surface portion 10 via the boundary line a1.
In the present embodiment, the latter half is configured by a single cylindrical surface having the same radius of curvature R2, and the latter half is forward as the center of an arc having the same radius of curvature R2 goes upward, for example. The upper end edge of the cab 3 can be slightly inclined toward the inside.

Further, between the front ends of the upper and lower horizontal rails 17 and 18 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the outer side surface portion 10, the upper and lower guide rail portions 19 and 20 that guide the opening and closing operation of the slide door 16 are reached. Is provided.
Specific structures of the guide rail portions 15, 19, and 20 will be described in detail later.

  In the above embodiment of the cab 3, the form of the slide door 16 also has the same curved surface form as the front half of the outer side surface part 10 of the cab 3. In other words, the slide door 16 is composed of a part of a cylindrical body having an arc surface parallel to the arc surface of the curvature radius R1 at a height of 1/3 from the lower end, and the upper end of the slide door 16 is an arc having the curvature radius Rn. The shape is a three-dimensional curved surface with a radius of curvature gradually reduced upward so as to form a parallel arc.

Rolling rollers are attached to the upper and lower ends of the front edge of the slide door 16 and the center of the rear edge in the vertical direction, respectively, and each is provided on the outer side surface 10 of the cab 3 as described above. The slide door 16 is opened and closed while being supported and guided by the upper, middle, and lower guide rail portions 19, 15, and 20.
The slide door support structure by the rollers and the guide rail portions 15, 19, and 20 in the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 and compared with the conventional slide door support structure.

FIG. 5 shows a support structure for the slide door 16 according to this embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows a conventional support structure for the slide door 16 '.
First, an example of a conventional support structure for the slide door 16 'will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 (a) shows the support of the upper end portion of the slide door 16' with respect to the outer side surface portion 10 'of the cab 3'. The structure is shown, and an upper guide rail portion 19 'is provided at the lower end portion of the upper horizontal rail 17'.

The upper guide rail portion 19 'has a rectangular cross section, and is configured as a rectangular tube portion 19'a in which the lower end corner portion on the outer side is largely omitted.
An upper concave guide rail 19'b is fixed to the ceiling 19'a-1 along the upper edge 14'a of the opening 14 '.
On the other hand, the upper portion of the front edge of the sliding door 16 'has a bracket 16'a protruding substantially horizontally from the inner surface thereof toward the outer side surface portion 10' of the cab 3 '. An upper guide roller 16'b that is fitted to the upper guide rail 19'b and rotates about a substantially vertical axis is attached.

FIG. 6B shows an intermediate slide door support structure, and the support structure of the slide door 16 ′ is the same as the support structure of the slide door 16 according to the above-described embodiment, and the outer side surface of the cab 3 ′. An intermediate guide rail portion 15 'formed in the latter half of the portion 10' and an intermediate guide roller 16'c fitted to the intermediate guide rail portion 15 'so as to be able to roll.
The intermediate guide rail portion 15 'has a U-shaped cross section fixed along the bottom surface of the concave groove portion 15'a and a concave groove portion 15'a formed in the horizontal direction across the front and rear in the center of the rear half portion of the outer side surface portion 10'. Intermediate guide rail 15'b.
One intermediate guide roller 16'c is pivotable about a vertical axis and swingable in the front-rear direction to a bracket 16'd that protrudes horizontally from the center of the rear end of the slide door 16 'toward the cab 3'. It is supported.

  FIG. 6C shows a lower support structure of the slide door 16 ′ at the lower end, and the support structure extends from the lower front end of the outer side surface portion 10 ′ of the cab 3 ′ to the lower front end of the intermediate pillar 11 ′. First and second lower guide rollers 16′e, 16 ′ that are attached to the lower guide rail portion 20 ′ and the lower portion of the front end of the slide door 16 ′ and are rotatably fitted to the lower guide rail portion 20 ′. f.

The lower guide rail portion 20 'has a concave groove-shaped guide rail 20'a extending to the intermediate pillar 11' on the back surface of the floor surface of the cab 3 ', and an L-shaped cross section that is suspended from the back surface of the floor surface. And a moving surface forming member 20'b.
One of the first and second lower guide rollers 16'e and 16'f is attached to the lower part of the front end of the slide door 16 'and is a lower L-shaped cross section projecting horizontally toward the cab 3'. The bracket 16'g is supported so as to roll freely so that the rolling shaft is orthogonal to the tip of the bracket 16'g.
A first lower guide roller 16'e that rolls about a vertical axis is fitted to the guide groove 20'a in a concave groove shape so as to roll freely, and the second lower guide roller that rolls about a horizontal axis. 16'f is mounted on the roller rolling surface 20'b-1 of the rolling surface forming member 20'b having the L-shaped cross section.

  The conventional support structure of the slide door 16 'is as described above, and the upper support structure of the slide door 16' is provided on a horizontal rail 17 'in which the upper guide roller 16'b is simply arranged at the upper end of the panel of the outer side surface portion 10'. The fixed cross section is merely fitted into a reverse-recessed guide rail 19'b from below by rolling and the intermediate support structure has an intermediate guide roller 16'c as a panel of the outer side surface portion 10 '. The guide rail portion 15 'formed horizontally in the rear half portion is fitted from the side and guided to roll.

Looking at the lower support structure of the slide door 16 ', the first lower guide roller 16'e that rolls around the vertical axis is guided to roll in the concave groove-shaped guide rail 20'a, and is also horizontal. The second lower guide roller 16'f that rolls around the axis is guided to roll on the roller rolling surface 20'b-1 of the rolling surface forming member 20'b having an L-shaped cross section. ing.
Thus, even in the conventional sliding door 16 ', the guide rollers 16'b, 16'c and 16 provided at the three points of the front end upper portion, the front end lower portion and the rear end edge central portion of the sliding door 16'. 'E;16'f includes guide rails 19'b, 15' and 20'a and rollers extending along the upper and lower ends of the front half of the cab 3 ', the lower end of the front half and the upper and lower centers of the rear half, respectively. It is supported and guided by the rolling surface 20'b-1 and slides.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4A, the front window portion of the cab 3 is inclined rearward, and the form of the outer side surface portion 10 is such that the upper portion is formed as a three-dimensional curved surface as described above. If the upper edge and the lower edge of the front half of the cab 3 are viewed in a plan view as shown in FIG. 4B, the upper edge draws an arc with a small radius of curvature from the front edge to the rear edge. The lower edge draws an arc having a radius of curvature larger than the curvature radius of the upper edge from the front end to the rear end, and both arcs merge at the rear end substantially on the boundary line a1, and thereafter the second half of the cab 3 '. Connect to the arc of the part.

  In this case, the upper, middle, and lower guide rails 19'b, 15 ', and 20'a, the upper and middle guide rollers 16'b, 16'c, the first lower guide roller 16'e, and the roller rolling surface 20'. The guide locus of the second lower guide roller 16'f rolling on b-1 is such that the intermediate guide roll 16'c follows the curved surface of the rear half of the outer side surface portion 10 'and the rear end of the outer side surface portion 10'. The upper guide roller 16 ′ b guided to the inside of the cab 3 ′ is guided to the vicinity of the boundary line a 1 along the small arc, and at this time, the cab 3 ′ is not deformed without deforming the sliding door 16 ′. When the first lower guide roller 16'e at the lower end arranged on the outermost side is guided to the boundary line a1, the front edge of the sliding door 16 'is shown as indicated by a broken line in FIG. The lower end protrudes greatly outward.

Accordingly, when the lower end of the front end edge of the slide door 16 'is to be accommodated within the turning radius of the swivel base (not shown) when the slide door 16' is opened, the cab 3 is increased by the amount of protrusion of the lower end of the front end edge of the slide door 16 '. The curvature of the curved surface must be determined so that the outer side surface portion 10 ′ of the ′ is within the turning radius, and the interior volume of the cab 3 ′ is reduced.
This is independent of whether or not the radius of curvature of the rear half of the outer side surface 10 'is the same as that of the front half.

  On the other hand, the support structure of the slide door 16 according to the embodiment of the present invention solves the above-described problems, and further, the curvature of the rear half of the outer side surface 10 which is a characteristic part of the first invention of the present invention. By adopting a structure with a radius smaller than that of the front half and reducing the amount of protrusion of the slide door 16 to the outside as much as possible, the lateral width of the cab 3 can be maximized within the turning radius of the turntable 2. At the same time, the function of enabling a smooth opening / closing operation of the slide door 16 is exhibited.

  FIG. 5 shows a first example of the support structure of the slide door 16 according to the present embodiment. The difference from the conventional support structure is that the conventional support structure replaces the slide door 16 'with the lower end of the cab 3' as described above. The support structure according to the present embodiment employs a suspension system in which the entire slide door 16 is suspended and supported by the upper guide rail portion 19. Another difference is that the guide track of the upper guide roller in the upper guide rail portion is made to follow an arc having a radius of curvature substantially the same as the arc of the radius of curvature R1 along the lower edge of the cab 3. And at the same time, the guide track of the first lower guide roller in the lower guide rail portion is attracted to the cab 3 side so as to be along the same arc as the arc along the lower edge of the cab 3, Those guide rollers were simple cylindrical shape, in the present support structure lies in that all the guide rollers and barrel shape.

This will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
The support structure of the guide roller 16 at the intermediate position including the intermediate guide roller 16 that is rotatably fitted to the intermediate guide rail portion 15 formed in the rear half of the outer side surface portion 10 of the cab 3 is a guide roller. Except that the shape is a drum shape as described above, it is substantially the same as the conventional support structure of the guide roller 16 'described above, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.

FIG. 5A shows the upper support structure of the slide door 16 according to the present embodiment. The upper guide rail portion 19 arranged at the lower end portion of the upper horizontal rail 17 has a rectangular frame shape in cross section, and the bottom portion 19a- The rectangular tube portion 19a is configured such that 2 is extended outward than the conventional one and the lower end corner portion on the outside thereof is smaller than the conventional one.
A reinforcing plate 19a-3 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom 19a-2 to reinforce the guide roller rolling surface.

Further, an inverted concave upper guide rail 19b is fixed to the ceiling portion 19a-1 of the rectangular tube portion 19a along the upper end edge 14a of the opening portion 14 as in the prior art.
A horizontal L-shaped support bracket 16a is projected substantially horizontally at the top of the front edge of one slide door 16 from the inner surface toward the outer side surface 10 of the cab 3 when viewed from the front of the cab. Is perpendicular to the first upper guide roller 16b-1 which is fitted to the upper guide rail 19b and is rotatable about a substantially vertical axis, and the second upper guide roller 16b-2 which is rotatable about a horizontal axis. Attached.

The first upper guide roller 16b-1 is fitted on the reverse guide-shaped upper guide rail 19b disposed on the ceiling portion 19a-1 of the rectangular tube portion 19a, so that the cab of the slide door 16 extends in the cab direction. Roll while suppressing blurring.
The second upper guide roller 16b-2 rolls while being placed on the guide roller rolling surface on the upper surface of the reinforcing plate 19a-3 of the rectangular tube portion 19a. Therefore, most of the total load of the slide door 16 according to the present embodiment is received by the guide roller rolling surface on the upper surface of the reinforcing plate 19a-3.

  On the other hand, the trajectory of the inverted concave upper guide rail 19b for rolling and guiding the first upper guide roller 16b-1 is the first upper guide roller 16b at the initial stage when the sliding door 16 is opened. -1 is projected to the outside largely so as to shift onto an arc having the same radius of curvature as the arc formed by the lower edge of the front half of the outer side surface portion 10. In order for the door 16 to smoothly ride on the step formed by the front surface of the intermediate pillar 11, the door 16 is set to protrude further outward while being curved in a shape along the front surface of the intermediate pillar 11.

Therefore, in order for the front upper end of the sliding door 16 according to the present embodiment to quickly reach the locus of the upper guide rail 19b at the start of the opening operation on the same arc as the arc formed by the lower end edge of the front half of the outer side surface portion 10, It is set to be connected to an arc having a large radius of curvature followed by a curved line having a small radius of curvature.
In this way, setting the trajectory of the upper guide rail 19b brings about a deformation that brings the three-dimensional curved region formed in the upper part of the front half of the sliding door 16 closer to the two-dimensional curved form (cylindrical surface). A support bracket for the second upper guide roller 16b-2 that rolls on the guide roller rolling surface on the upper surface of the first upper guide roller 16b-1 and the bottom portion 19a-2 that is fitted to the guide rail 19b so as to be able to roll. 16a is tilted slightly rather than horizontally and fixed to the door, and each peripheral surface shape of the first and second upper guide rollers 16b-2 is a drum shape so that contact with each rolling surface is always point contact. Thus, the friction during rolling is reduced as much as possible, and a smooth opening / closing operation is enabled even by deformation of the slide door 16.

FIG. 5B shows a lower end support structure of the slide door 16 according to the present embodiment. The support structure extends in a circular arc shape from the lower end portion of the front end edge of the outer side surface portion 10 of the cab 3 to the lower front portion of the intermediate pillar 11. The lower guide groove portion 20 is provided, and the lower guide roller 16e is attached to the lower end portion of the front edge of the slide door 16 and is fitted to the lower guide groove portion 20 so as to be able to roll.
The guide groove 20 is formed on the back surface of the peripheral edge portion of the floor surface of the cab 3.

The lower guide roller 16e is pivotally supported at the tip of an L-shaped bracket 21 fixed to the lower end portion of the front end edge of the slide door 16.
The lower guide roller 16e rotating around the vertical axis is fitted in the lower guide groove 20 so as to be freely rollable.
In the present embodiment, since the support brackets of all the guide rollers arranged in the upper, middle, and lower directions are swingably attached to the slide door around the vertical axis, the slide door 16 can be opened and closed more smoothly and lightly. It can be operated.

If the guide locus of the first upper guide roller 16b-1 is simply an arc having the same radius of curvature as the arc along the lower edge of the three-dimensional curved surface region 10a, the lower guide roller 16e is greatly outward as described above. It overhangs.
Therefore, as described above, the first upper guide roller 16b-1 is guided to move on an arc having the same radius of curvature as the lower end edge of the front half portion of the outer side surface portion 10 in the initial stage of the opening operation of the slide door 16. Thus, the lower guide roller 16e is brought closer to the cab 3. However, the amount of the overhang cannot be effectively reduced by itself, so in this embodiment, the lower guide roller 16e is further moved to the cab 3 side. The guide track of the lower guide groove 20 is set so that the lower guide roller 16e is actively pulled toward the cab 3 as much as possible.

According to the present embodiment, in addition to the function by the support mechanism described above, a structure in which the radius of curvature in the rear half of the outer side surface 10 which is the characteristic part of the first invention of the present invention is made smaller than that in the front half is effectively utilized. Thus, the lateral width of the cab 3 can be made as large as possible.
FIG. 9 depicts the movement trajectory of the sliding door 16 when the curved surface of the rear half of the outer side surface 10 of the cab 3 is configured with a cylindrical surface that is the same as the curvature radius R1 at the lower end of the front half.

In the drawing, a region surrounded by a two-dot chain line indicates the surface of the outer side surface portion 10 of the cab 3, and a portion indicated by a one-dot chain line in the drawing indicates a turning region of the swivel base 2.
If the radius of curvature in the rear half of the outer side surface portion 10 is made the same as that of the front half R1, even if a support guide structure that deforms the three-dimensional curved surface of the slide door 16 into a two-dimensional curved surface as described above is adopted, When the sliding door 16 is opened, the rear edge of the door 16 moves along an arc surface having the same radius of curvature as that of the outer side surface portion 10, so that the rear edge of the door 16 has a curvature as shown in FIG. Projects outwards by the larger radius.

As a result, when the rear end edge is set inside the maximum turning radius of the swivel base 2, the entire curved surface having the same curvature radius in the outer side surface portion 10 including the front and rear central portions is within the maximum turning radius. This will lead to a reduction in the effective space of the cab 3.
Therefore, since the entire outer side surface portion 10 approximates a part of a single cylindrical body, the opening / closing operation of the slide door 16 is performed smoothly.

  On the other hand, the curvature radius R2 of the rear half of the outer side surface 10 is made smaller than the curvature radius R1 of the front half, and the rear edge of the slide door 16 is forced along the surface of the latter half by the support mechanism at the center. As shown in FIG. 9, the rear edge of the sliding door 16 can be brought closer to the inside of the turning radius than when the radius of curvature of the rear half and the radius of curvature of the front half are the same, as shown in FIG. The amount of protrusion of the lower end portion of the front edge of the slide door 16 indicated by the broken line in FIG.

  Therefore, by adopting the above support mechanism and making the radius of curvature R2 of the rear half of the outer side surface portion 10 smaller than the radius of curvature R1 of the front half, all of the outer side surface portion 10 are within the same turning radius. It is possible to shift the curved surface to the outside as compared with the case where the curvature radius of the front half of the slide door 16 and the curvature radius of the rear half are the same, and the interior volume of the cab 3 can be increased.

FIG. 8 depicts the movement locus of the slide door 16 when the installation area of the cab 3 according to the present invention that can be accommodated within the maximum turning radius of the turntable 2 is maximized. In the figure, a region surrounded by a two-dot chain line indicates the surface of the outer side surface portion 10 of the cab 3, and a portion indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
As can be understood from this figure, in order to determine the installation position of the cab 3 according to this embodiment on the swivel base 2, first, the position A of the lower end of the front end edge of the cab 3 is placed on the outermost circumference of the swivel region. Set.

Next, the position B of the lower end of the front edge of the door when the sliding door 16 is completely opened is set on the outermost circumference of the turning area.
Finally, the position C of the lower end of the rear edge of the door when the sliding door 16 is completely opened is set within the outermost circumference of the turning area.
The position C of the lower end of the rear edge of the door when the sliding door 16 is completely opened is determined by the radius of curvature of the rear half of the outer side surface portion 10.

  Although the above description is about a typical embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as a sliding door support structure, the upper and lower ends of the front edge of the door are arranged outside and It is also possible to adopt the same structure as the conventional one other than forcibly guiding the inside, and the shape of the rear half of the outer side surface of the cab is not a simple cylinder, but the curvature radius is increased toward the upper side. It can be formed as a three-dimensional circular arc surface that is gradually reduced and the center position is sequentially moved forward, and various deformations are possible.

It is a side view of the hydraulic shovel in which the cab of the present invention is installed. It is a perspective view of a cab when the sliding door which shows typical embodiment of this invention is closed. It is a perspective view of a cab when the slide door is opened. It is structure explanatory drawing which shows typically the form of a top view of the outer side surface part of the said cab, and a three-dimensional form. It is explanatory drawing which shows the support structure of the slide door by embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the support structure of the conventional slide door. It is explanatory drawing of the guidance locus | trajectory of the sliding door in the cab of this invention. It is a top view which shows the example of a guide locus of a slide door when the lower end edge of the outer side surface part of the cab which is one of the embodiments of the present invention has a curvature radius of the latter half part smaller than the first half part. It is a top view which shows the example of a guidance locus | trajectory of a slide door when the lower end edge of the outer side surface part of the cab which is one of the embodiments of this invention is simply formed in the same arc over the front and back.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling body 2 Swivel base 3 Cab 4 Engine room 5 Working machine 5a Boom 5b Arm 5c Bucket 6 Front part 6a Vertical surface 6b Inclined surface 7 Top plate part 8 Inner side surface part 9 Rear surface part 10, 10 'Outer side part 10a Three-dimensional Curved surface region 10b Cylindrical surface region 11, 11 'Intermediate pillar 12 Front pillar 13 Rear pillar 14, 14' Opening portion 14a, 14'a Upper end portion 15, 15 'Intermediate guide rail portion 15a, 15'b Intermediate guide rail 15 'A concave groove 16, 16' slide door 16a, 16'a bracket
16b-1, 16b-2 First and second upper guide rollers 16'b Upper guide rollers 16c, 16'c Intermediate guide rollers 16d, 16'd Bracket 16e Lower guide rollers 16'e, 16'f First and second 2 Lower guide rollers 16g, 16'g Lower brackets 17, 17 'Upper side rail 18 Lower side rails 19, 19' Upper guide rail portions 19a, 19a 'Square tube portion
19a-1,19′a-1 Ceiling
19a-2, 19'a-2 Bottom portion 19a-3 Reinforcing plate members 19b, 19'b Upper guide rail 20, 20 'Lower guide rail portion 20a, 20'a Lower guide rail 20'b Rolling surface forming member 20'b -1 Roller rolling surface 21 Two-dimensional curved surface area a Line segment a1 Boundary line R1, R2 Curvature radius A Lower end position of cab front end edge B Lower end position of slide door front end edge C Lower end position of slide door rear end edge

Claims (3)

A construction machine that is installed at a position deviated from a turning center of a swivel provided on a lower traveling body, has an outer side surface formed with a curved surface that swells outward, and has a sliding door on the outer side surface. A cab,
A cab for a construction machine, wherein a radius of curvature of a rear half of the outer side surface is set to be smaller than a radius of curvature of a front half of the outer side in the vertical direction. The front window is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined rearward in a side view,
At least the upper region of the front half of the outer side surface portion extending rearward from the outer edge of the front window portion has an arc shape in cross section perpendicular to the vertical line, and toward the front inclined edge. It is formed into a three-dimensional curved surface shape that gradually curves three-dimensionally on the upper side,
The sliding door has a curved surface substantially the same as the front half of the outer side surface portion,
The curved region of the rear half of the outer side surface is formed in an arc surface that is continuous with the curved region of the front half,
The construction machine cab according to claim 1. The outer side surface portion has guide means for performing deformation guidance so that the three-dimensional curved surface shape of the sliding door becomes a two-dimensional curved shape at the time of the door opening operation of the sliding door.
The construction machine cab according to claim 1 or 2.

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