JP4597921B2 - How to build a pier - Google Patents

How to build a pier Download PDF

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JP4597921B2
JP4597921B2 JP2006188414A JP2006188414A JP4597921B2 JP 4597921 B2 JP4597921 B2 JP 4597921B2 JP 2006188414 A JP2006188414 A JP 2006188414A JP 2006188414 A JP2006188414 A JP 2006188414A JP 4597921 B2 JP4597921 B2 JP 4597921B2
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precast
main beam
pile
main
pier
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JP2008014083A (en
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宮本克
河村敏和
西村文夫
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株式会社日本ピーエス
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本発明は、桟橋の構築方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a pier construction method.

従来の桟橋の構築方法は、水底に杭を打ち込み、この杭に場所打ちコンクリートによって梁を形成し、この梁で格子状の枠を形成し、枠の上にコンクリートを打設して構築していた。
The conventional method of building a pier is to build a pile by placing a pile into the bottom of the water, forming a beam with cast-in-place concrete on this pile, forming a grid-like frame with this beam, and placing concrete on the frame. It was.

前記したような従来の場所打ちコンクリートによる桟橋の構築方法にあっては、次のような問題点がある。
<1> 現場打ちコンクリートの型枠を水上に架設する必要があるために、足場や支保工の設置が簡単ではない。
<2> 特に下部の一部が水中に没するタイプの桟橋では、型枠の取り付け、解体が水中作業となり困難である。
<3> 現場打ちコンクリートでは品質管理に限界があるため、特に一部が海水に浸るような桟橋ではコンクリートの劣化、鉄筋の腐食の危険性がある。
The conventional method for constructing a pier using cast-in-place concrete has the following problems.
<1> Since it is necessary to lay the cast-in-place concrete formwork on the water, it is not easy to install scaffolding and support works.
<2> Especially in a pier of a type in which a part of the lower part is submerged in water, it is difficult to attach and disassemble the formwork because it is underwater work.
<3> Because there is a limit to quality control for cast-in-place concrete, there is a risk of concrete deterioration and corrosion of reinforcing bars, especially on jetty that is partially immersed in seawater.

上記のような課題を解決するために本発明の桟橋の構築方法は、水底に打設した複数本の杭と、杭の配置に応じた位置に、杭の外径よりも大きい貫通孔を開設し、かつ側面に受棚を張り出したプレキャストPC主梁と、平行に配置した2本のプレキャストPC主梁の間に掛け渡すプレキャストPC横梁とより構成し、水底に打設した杭の杭頭に、プレキャストPC主梁の貫通孔を嵌合して杭とプレキャストPC主梁とを一体化し、平行に配置したプレキャストPC主梁の間に、その受棚を介してプレキャストPC横梁を架設し、プレキャストPC主梁およびプレキャストPC横梁を貫通させたPC鋼線を緊張して一体化し、プレキャストPC主梁とプレキャストPC横梁とで格子枠を形成し、その格子枠の上にプレキャストPC板を配置し、プレキャストPC板の上にコンクリート層を打設して行う、桟橋の構築方法を特徴としたものである。
In order to solve the problems as described above, the pier construction method of the present invention has a plurality of piles placed on the bottom of the water and a through hole larger than the outer diameter of the pile at a position corresponding to the arrangement of the piles. In addition, it is composed of a precast PC main beam with a receiving shelf protruding from the side and a precast PC cross beam spanned between two precast PC main beams arranged in parallel. The pile and the precast PC main beam are integrated by fitting the through hole of the precast PC main beam, and the precast PC cross beam is installed between the precast PC main beams arranged in parallel via the receiving shelf. PC steel wires that penetrate the PC main beam and precast PC horizontal beam are integrated by tension, a grid frame is formed by the precast PC main beam and the precast PC horizontal beam, and the precast PC plate is arranged on the grid frame, Carried out by pouring the concrete layer on the Rekyasuto PC plate, in which features a method of constructing the pier.

本発明の桟橋の構築方法は以上説明したようになるから次のような効果を得ることができる。
<1> 格子枠を構成する縦横の梁はプレキャスト製品であるために、現場打ちコンクリートの場合のよう、水上の足場、支保工が不要となり、さらに型枠の組み立て、脱型が不要となるから迅速な構築を行うことができる。
<2> 桟橋の床版を、縦横に配置したプレキャストPCの梁と、その上の現場打ちコンクリートの合成床版とすることができるから、床版コンクリートのための型枠の組み立て、脱型の作業も不要となり、迅速な構築が可能となる。
<3> 格子枠を構成する縦横の梁はプレキャスト製品であるために、現場での杭の打設と平行して製作することができ、現場での工期を短縮することができる。
<4> 特に一部が海水に浸るような桟橋では、工場製品のプレキャスト梁で格子枠を形成するから、潮の干満に影響されない、安定した品質の桟橋を提供することができる。
Since the pier construction method of the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<1> Because the vertical and horizontal beams that make up the lattice frame are precast products, there is no need for water scaffolding and support work, as in the case of cast-in-place concrete, and there is no need to assemble and remove the mold. Rapid construction can be performed.
<2> Since the slab of the jetty can be a precast PC beam placed vertically and horizontally and a composite floor slab of cast-in-place concrete on it, assembly and demolding of formwork for floor slab concrete Work becomes unnecessary, and quick construction becomes possible.
<3> Since the vertical and horizontal beams that make up the lattice frame are precast products, they can be manufactured in parallel with the driving of piles at the site, and the construction period at the site can be shortened.
<4> Especially for a jetty that is partially immersed in seawater, a grid frame is formed with precast beams made from factory products, so it is possible to provide a jetty of stable quality that is not affected by tides.

以下図面を参照にしながら本発明の構築方法の好適な実施の形態を詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the construction method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<1>プレキャストPC主梁1。
プレキャストPC主梁1は、プレストレスを導入したプレキャストコンクリート製の長方形の梁材である。
このプレキャストPC主梁1が、格子枠を形成した場合の主桁となる。
このプレキャストPC主梁1には、複数の位置に貫通孔11を上下に貫通して開設する。
貫通孔11の位置は、後述する杭3の配置に応じた位置である。
この貫通孔11の内径は、杭3の外径よりも大きく形成して、杭3の打設位置の誤差を吸収する余裕寸法を設ける。
しかし、最近の海上、河川上、湖上での杭3打ち技術は測量技術の発達によって著しく向上しているから、余裕寸法はさほど大きく設ける必要はない。
プレキャストPC主梁1の側面には受棚12を張り出して形成する。
この受棚12は、平面的に見てプレキャストPC主梁1の貫通孔11の両側の位置に突設する。
貫通孔11の位置が格子枠の交点となり、この受棚12が、格子枠の横梁であるプレキャストPC横梁2を受ける受け台となる。
<1> Precast PC main beam 1.
The precast PC main beam 1 is a rectangular beam material made of precast concrete into which prestress is introduced.
This precast PC main beam 1 becomes a main beam when a lattice frame is formed.
The precast PC main beam 1 is formed by penetrating through holes 11 at a plurality of positions.
The position of the through hole 11 is a position according to the arrangement of the piles 3 to be described later.
The inner diameter of the through-hole 11 is formed larger than the outer diameter of the pile 3, and a margin dimension for absorbing an error in the placement position of the pile 3 is provided.
However, the recent pile 3-pile technique on the sea, rivers, and lakes has been remarkably improved by the development of surveying techniques, so it is not necessary to provide a large margin.
A receiving shelf 12 is formed on the side surface of the precast PC main beam 1 so as to protrude.
The receiving shelf 12 protrudes at positions on both sides of the through hole 11 of the precast PC main beam 1 when viewed in plan.
The position of the through hole 11 becomes an intersection of the lattice frames, and the receiving shelf 12 becomes a cradle for receiving the precast PC transverse beam 2 which is a transverse beam of the lattice frame.

<2>プレキャストPC横梁2。
プレキャストPC横梁2も、プレストレスを導入したプレキャストコンクリート製の長方形の梁材である。
このプレキャストPC横梁2は、平行に配置した2本のプレキャストPC主梁1の間に掛け渡すための板体であり、主桁ではないから中空に形成することもできる。
ただし、後述するようにプレキャストPC主梁1とプレキャストPC横梁2とを貫通してPC鋼線を配置するから、プレキャストPC横梁2にはPC鋼線を貫通させ得るだけの厚さが必要である。
<2> Precast PC cross beam 2.
The precast PC horizontal beam 2 is also a rectangular beam material made of precast concrete into which prestress is introduced.
The precast PC horizontal beam 2 is a plate for hanging between two precast PC main beams 1 arranged in parallel, and is not a main girder, and can be formed hollow.
However, since the PC steel wire is disposed through the precast PC main beam 1 and the precast PC transverse beam 2 as will be described later, the precast PC transverse beam 2 needs to have a thickness that allows the PC steel wire to penetrate. .

<3>張り出し梁4。
張り出し梁4は、プレストレスを導入したプレキャストコンクリート製の長方形の板材である。
この張り出し梁4は、プレキャストPC主梁1の側面に取り付ける板体であり、内部にはPC鋼線を貫通する挿入孔を開設してある。
そして張り出し梁4をプレキャストPC主梁1の側面に取り付けた場合の先端には受け梁41を搭載するための切り欠きを設けておく。
<3> Overhanging beam 4.
The overhanging beam 4 is a rectangular plate made of precast concrete into which prestress is introduced.
The overhanging beam 4 is a plate attached to the side surface of the precast PC main beam 1 and has an insertion hole penetrating the PC steel wire inside.
A cutout for mounting the receiving beam 41 is provided at the tip when the overhanging beam 4 is attached to the side surface of the precast PC main beam 1.

<4>杭3の打設。
次に桟橋の構築の順序について説明する。
まず、海上、河川上、湖上などの水上から、水底に向けて複数本の杭3を打設する。
杭3が鋼管の杭である場合には内部にコンクリートを充填する。
杭3は、完成した場合の格子枠の交点の位置に正確に打設する。
<4> Pile 3 placement.
Next, the construction sequence of the pier will be described.
First, a plurality of piles 3 are driven from the surface of the sea, rivers, lakes, and the like toward the bottom of the water.
When the pile 3 is a steel pipe pile, the inside is filled with concrete.
The pile 3 is accurately placed at the position of the intersection of the lattice frames when completed.

<5>プレキャストPC主梁1の結合。
プレキャストPC主梁1、その他の部材は工場でプレストレスを導入して製造する。
工場生産であるから、現場で杭打ちを行っている期間に、平行して工場で高い品質を維持して生産を行うことができる。
工場生産したプレキャストPC主梁1を現場に運搬し、クレーンなどで吊り上げる。
そして水底に打設した杭3の杭頭に、プレキャストPC主梁1の貫通孔11を嵌合する。
その際には、貫通孔11の上面には、図4に示すように貫通孔11を横断する状態で横断鋼材14をボルト止めする。
この横断鋼材がストッパとして作用し、杭3が貫通孔11を突き抜けてしまうことを阻止することができる。
杭3の外径に比較して、貫通孔11の内径は余裕寸法だけ大きいから、杭3の打設位置に多少の誤差があっても杭3の貫通は問題がない。
プレキャストPC主梁1を杭3の頭部に設置した後、余裕寸法の空間を間詰めコンクリート13で充填する。
間詰めコンクリート13で充填するために、余裕寸法の空間の下部には底型枠15を設置し、この底型枠15は上部からチェーンなどで吊って位置を確保しておく。
こうして複数本のプレキャストPC主梁1は、平行に配置した状態で、おのおのを杭頭部と結合されることになる。
<5> Connection of the precast PC main beam 1.
The precast PC main beam 1 and other members are manufactured by introducing prestress at the factory.
Since it is factory production, it is possible to carry out production while maintaining high quality at the factory in parallel with the period of pile driving on site.
The precast PC main beam 1 produced in the factory is transported to the site and lifted with a crane.
And the through-hole 11 of the precast PC main beam 1 is fitted to the pile head of the pile 3 driven in the water bottom.
In that case, the crossing steel material 14 is bolted to the upper surface of the through-hole 11 in a state of crossing the through-hole 11 as shown in FIG.
This crossing steel material acts as a stopper, and can prevent the pile 3 from penetrating the through hole 11.
Compared with the outer diameter of the pile 3, the inner diameter of the through hole 11 is larger than the margin, so that there is no problem with the penetration of the pile 3 even if there is some error in the placement position of the pile 3.
After the precast PC main beam 1 is installed on the head of the pile 3, a space with a margin dimension is filled with the interstitial concrete 13.
In order to be filled with the interstitial concrete 13, a bottom mold 15 is installed in the lower part of the space having a margin dimension, and the bottom mold 15 is suspended from the upper part by a chain or the like to secure a position.
Thus, each of the plurality of precast PC main beams 1 is coupled to the pile head in a state of being arranged in parallel.

<6>プレキャストPC横梁2の架設。
平行して配置したプレキャストPC主梁1の間にプレキャストPC横梁2を架設する。
その場合にプレキャストPC主梁1はその側面に受棚12を突設してあるから、プレキャストPC横梁2はプレキャストPC主梁1の受棚12の上に搭載すれば正確に位置を確保できる。
さらにこの受棚12は、プレキャストPC主梁1の貫通孔11の両側に位置しているから、杭3が格子枠の交点となり、受棚12上のプレキャストPC横梁2が格子枠の横梁を構成する。
プレキャストPC横梁2は、2本のプレキャストPC主梁1の間に少なくとも3箇所に架設して、平面的に見た場合に格子枠を構成する。
<6> Construction of precast PC cross beam 2.
A precast PC transverse beam 2 is installed between the precast PC main beams 1 arranged in parallel.
In this case, since the precast PC main beam 1 has a receiving shelf 12 protruding from the side surface thereof, the precast PC horizontal beam 2 can be accurately secured if mounted on the receiving shelf 12 of the precast PC main beam 1.
Further, since the receiving shelf 12 is located on both sides of the through-hole 11 of the precast PC main beam 1, the piles 3 serve as intersections of the lattice frame, and the precast PC horizontal beam 2 on the receiving shelf 12 constitutes the horizontal beam of the lattice frame. To do.
The precast PC horizontal beam 2 is constructed at least at three positions between the two precast PC main beams 1 and constitutes a lattice frame when viewed in plan.

<7>プレストレスの導入。
プレキャストPC主梁1の貫通孔11の両側には、プレキャストPC主梁1を横断方向に貫通する状態で鋼線挿入孔を配置しておく。
またプレキャストPC横梁2には、プレキャストPC主梁1と接する一方の側面から他方の側面を貫通する状態で鋼線挿入孔を配置しておく。
これらの鋼線挿入孔を通して、図3に示すようにPC鋼線5を、プレキャストPC主梁1の一端から、プレキャストPC横梁2、プレキャストPC主梁1の順に挿入して反対側まで貫通させ、ジャッキで緊張する。
すると、すべてのプレキャストPC主梁1とプレキャストPC横梁2は格子枠として強固に一体化される。
なお、図では各部材の間に隙間を描いているが、これは説明のためであり、実際はPC鋼線の緊張によって強固に密着している。
また図3では2本のPC鋼線が記載してあるが、実際にはより多数本のPC鋼線を使用する場合が多い。
<7> Introduction of prestress.
On both sides of the through hole 11 of the precast PC main beam 1, steel wire insertion holes are arranged in a state of penetrating the precast PC main beam 1 in the transverse direction.
Further, a steel wire insertion hole is disposed in the precast PC horizontal beam 2 so as to penetrate from the one side surface in contact with the precast PC main beam 1 to the other side surface.
Through these steel wire insertion holes, as shown in FIG. 3, the PC steel wire 5 is inserted from one end of the precast PC main beam 1 into the precast PC horizontal beam 2 and the precast PC main beam 1 in this order, and penetrates to the opposite side. I get nervous with the jack.
Then, all the precast PC main beams 1 and the precast PC horizontal beams 2 are firmly integrated as a lattice frame.
In addition, although the clearance gap is drawn between each member in the figure, this is for description, and it has actually adhered firmly by tension | tensile_strength of PC steel wire.
In FIG. 3, two PC steel wires are shown, but in reality, a larger number of PC steel wires are often used.

<8>コンクリート層の打設。
プレキャストPC主梁1とプレキャストPC主梁1との間にはプレキャストPC横梁2が架設してあるが、全面を被覆しているものではない。
そこでプレキャストPC横梁2とプレキャストPC横梁2の間の空間は、プレキャストPC板によって覆う。
このプレキャストPC板6はひとつのプレキャストPC主梁1と、平行に架設してある隣接プレキャストPC主梁1の間に架け渡す。
そのためにプレキャストPC板6の厚さだけ段差ができることになる。
このような段差の解消、あるいは高さ調整のために、全面にコンクリート層7を形成する。
そのために現場において配筋を行い、場所打ちコンクリートを打設する。
コンクリート層7の上には舗装8を敷設して桟橋を完成する。
<8> Placing a concrete layer.
A precast PC horizontal beam 2 is installed between the precast PC main beam 1 and the precast PC main beam 1, but it does not cover the entire surface.
Therefore, the space between the precast PC horizontal beam 2 and the precast PC horizontal beam 2 is covered with a precast PC plate.
The precast PC plate 6 is bridged between one precast PC main beam 1 and an adjacent precast PC main beam 1 installed in parallel.
Therefore, a step is formed by the thickness of the precast PC board 6.
In order to eliminate such a step or adjust the height, a concrete layer 7 is formed on the entire surface.
For this purpose, bar arrangements are made on site and cast-in-place concrete is placed.
A pavement 8 is laid on the concrete layer 7 to complete the pier.

<9>張り出し梁4の取り付け。
端部のプレキャストPC主梁1の外側には張り出し梁4を取り付ける。
この取り付け作業は、プレキャストPC主梁1を杭3に架設する前に行うことができる。
この張り出し梁4は、プレキャストPC主梁1の中心軸と直交する方向に向けて配置する板体である。
張り出し梁4をプレキャストPC主梁1に取り付けるには、両者を貫通させたPC鋼線を緊張して一体化して行う。
格子枠の外側のプレキャストPC主梁1の外面から複数の張り出し梁4を平行に張り出したら、その張り出し梁4群の先端にはプレキャストPC主梁1と平行に受け梁41を架設する。
張り出し梁4の外側端には切り欠きを形成しておき、その切り欠きに受け梁41を架設すれば設置は容易である。
そして、前記したプレキャストPC板6の配置の際に、プレキャストPC主梁1と受け梁41との間にもプレキャストPC板6を配置して、プレキャストPC主梁1と受け梁41との空間を被覆する。
その上に場所打ちコンクリートを打設してコンクリート層7を形成する工程は、他の部分でのコンクリートの打設と同時に行う。
<9> Attaching the overhanging beam 4
An overhanging beam 4 is attached to the outside of the precast PC main beam 1 at the end.
This attachment operation can be performed before the precast PC main beam 1 is installed on the pile 3.
The projecting beam 4 is a plate that is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the precast PC main beam 1.
In order to attach the overhanging beam 4 to the precast PC main beam 1, a PC steel wire penetrating both is tensioned and integrated.
When a plurality of projecting beams 4 project in parallel from the outer surface of the precast PC main beam 1 outside the lattice frame, a receiving beam 41 is installed in parallel to the precast PC main beam 1 at the end of the projecting beam 4 group.
Installation is easy if a notch is formed in the outer end of the overhanging beam 4 and a receiving beam 41 is installed in the notch.
When the precast PC plate 6 is disposed, the precast PC plate 6 is also disposed between the precast PC main beam 1 and the receiving beam 41, so that the space between the precast PC main beam 1 and the receiving beam 41 is increased. Cover.
The process of placing cast-in-place concrete thereon to form the concrete layer 7 is performed simultaneously with the placement of concrete in other portions.

本発明の桟橋を構成するプレキャストPC主梁とプレキャストPC横梁と杭の配置の関係の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the relationship of the arrangement | positioning of the precast PC main beam which comprises the jetty of this invention, the precast PC cross beam, and a pile. 桟橋の格子枠を組み立てた状態の平面図。The top view of the state which assembled the lattice frame of the pier. プレキャストPC主梁とプレキャストPC横梁を緊張する状態の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the state which tensions a precast PC main beam and a precast PC cross beam. 格子枠の上にコンクリート層と舗装を施した状態の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the state which gave the concrete layer and the pavement on the lattice frame. 杭とプレキャストPC主梁の結合状態の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the combined state of a pile and a precast PC main beam. プレキャストPC主梁と張り出し梁との結合状態の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the combined state of a precast PC main beam and an overhanging beam.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1:プレキャストPC主梁
2:プレキャストPC横梁
3:杭
4:張り出し梁
5:PC鋼線
6:プレキャストPC板
7:コンクリート層
8:舗装
11:貫通孔
12:受棚
1: Precast PC main beam 2: Precast PC cross beam 3: Pile 4: Overhang beam 5: PC steel wire 6: Precast PC board 7: Concrete layer 8: Pavement 11: Through hole 12: Receiving shelf

Claims (3)

水底に打設した複数本の杭と、
杭の配置に応じた位置に、杭の外径よりも大きい貫通孔を開設し、かつ側面に受棚を張り出したプレキャストPC主梁と、
平行に配置した2本のプレキャストPC主梁の間に掛け渡すプレキャストPC横梁とより構成し、
水底に打設した杭の杭頭に、
プレキャストPC主梁の貫通孔を嵌合して杭とプレキャストPC主梁とを一体化し、
平行に配置したプレキャストPC主梁の間に、
その受棚を介してプレキャストPC横梁を架設し、
プレキャストPC主梁およびプレキャストPC横梁を貫通させたPC鋼線を緊張して一体化し、
プレキャストPC主梁とプレキャストPC横梁とで格子枠を形成し、
その格子枠の上にプレキャストPC板を配置し、
プレキャストPC板の上にコンクリート層を打設して行う、
桟橋の構築方法。
Multiple piles placed on the bottom of the water,
A precast PC main beam that has a through hole larger than the outer diameter of the pile at a position corresponding to the arrangement of the pile, and overhangs a receiving shelf on the side surface,
It consists of two precast PC main beams placed in parallel and a precast PC cross beam spanning between them.
On the pile head of a pile placed on the bottom of the water,
By fitting the through hole of the precast PC main beam, the pile and the precast PC main beam are integrated,
Between the precast PC main beams placed in parallel,
A precast PC cross beam is installed through the shelf,
Tensioning and unifying the PC steel wire that penetrates the precast PC main beam and precast PC cross beam,
A precast PC main beam and a precast PC cross beam form a lattice frame,
Place the precast PC board on the lattice frame,
Perform by placing a concrete layer on the precast PC board.
How to build a pier.
最外周に位置するプレキャストPC主梁の外側には、
プレキャストPC主梁の中心軸と直交する方向に向けて張り出し梁を配置し、
この張り出し梁とプレキャストPC主梁を貫通させたPC鋼線を緊張して一体化し、
複数の平行に張り出した張り出し梁群の先端には、
プレキャストPC主梁と平行に受け梁を搭載し、
プレキャストPC主梁と受け梁との間にはプレキャストPC板を配置して行う、
請求項1記載の桟橋の構築方法。
On the outside of the precast PC main beam located on the outermost periphery,
Place the overhanging beam in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the precast PC main beam,
Tensioning and unifying the PC steel wire that penetrates this projecting beam and the precast PC main beam,
At the tip of multiple parallel projecting beam groups,
A receiving beam is mounted in parallel with the precast PC main beam,
Precast PC plate is placed between the precast PC main beam and the receiving beam.
The construction method of the pier of Claim 1.
プレキャストPC主梁の貫通孔と、
杭頭との間には打設誤差を吸収する余裕寸法を設け、
プレキャストPC主梁を設置した後に、
この余裕寸法内にコンクリートを打設して行う、
請求項1記載の、桟橋の構築方法。
A through hole in the precast PC main beam;
Between the pile head, there is a margin to absorb the placement error,
After installing the precast PC main beam,
This is done by placing concrete within this margin.
The construction method of a pier according to claim 1.
JP2006188414A 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 How to build a pier Expired - Fee Related JP4597921B2 (en)

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JP5841082B2 (en) * 2013-01-30 2016-01-06 ジオスター株式会社 Precast block that is the foundation of the seawall
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