JP4591966B2 - Manufacturing or construction method of an object having a plurality of recesses or protrusions - Google Patents

Manufacturing or construction method of an object having a plurality of recesses or protrusions Download PDF

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JP4591966B2
JP4591966B2 JP2005354596A JP2005354596A JP4591966B2 JP 4591966 B2 JP4591966 B2 JP 4591966B2 JP 2005354596 A JP2005354596 A JP 2005354596A JP 2005354596 A JP2005354596 A JP 2005354596A JP 4591966 B2 JP4591966 B2 JP 4591966B2
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elastic material
material layer
mold
formwork
spacer
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勉 入原
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有限会社テクノクリート
日本仮設株式会社
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Description

本発明は、複数の凹部又は凸部を有する対象物の製造又は施工方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing or constructing an object having a plurality of concave portions or convex portions .

コンクリート構造物やプラスチック製品（以下「対象物」という）を設計図どおりに施工し又は製作するには、対象物の壁面をかたどった型枠が用いられる。従来、型枠として、鋼材料、木質材料、合成樹脂材料などが用いられており、対象物の性質や形状に適合した材料が使用される。   In order to construct or manufacture a concrete structure or a plastic product (hereinafter referred to as “object”) according to a design drawing, a formwork shaped like a wall surface of the object is used. Conventionally, steel materials, wood materials, synthetic resin materials, and the like are used as molds, and materials that are suitable for the nature and shape of the object are used.

型枠を用いて対象物を製造又は施工するに際して、対象物の製造又は施工工程の最後に、型枠を取り外す、いわゆる脱型作業が必要不可欠となる。   When manufacturing or constructing an object using a formwork, a so-called demolding operation of removing the formwork is indispensable at the end of the production or construction process of the object.

しかしながら、従来の型枠では、対象物の形状が複雑な場合には脱型時に型枠を破損させてしまうおそれがあるという弊害があった。また、従来の型枠では、バール等を使用して脱型すると、時間がかかるうえ、型枠の転用ができないという弊害があった。さらに、脱型を容易にするため、型枠本体を小さく分割すると、コスト高になるとともに、作業や管理がしにくいという弊害があった。   However, the conventional mold has a disadvantage that the mold may be damaged at the time of demolding when the shape of the object is complicated. Further, in the conventional formwork, when the mold is removed using a bar or the like, it takes time and the formwork cannot be diverted. Furthermore, if the mold body is divided into small parts for easy demolding, there are disadvantages that the cost is high and the work and management are difficult.

本発明は、このような状況に鑑みて開発されたものであって、複数の凹部又は凸部を有する対象物の製造又は施工するに際して、脱型を容易に行うことができる製造又は施工方法を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention was developed in view of such a situation, and a manufacturing or construction method capable of easily performing demolding when manufacturing or constructing an object having a plurality of concave portions or convex portions. It is intended to provide.

本願請求項２に記載の、複数の凹部又は凸部を有する対象物の製造又は施工方法は、前記対象物の各凹部又は各凸部の形状よりも小さめに形成される基礎型枠を準備する段階と、作業台上に前記基礎型枠を固定する段階と、前記基礎型枠の外面にスペーサを固定する段階と、前記スペーサに有孔プレートを取り付ける段階と、前記対象物の各凹部又は各凸部に対応する形状を有する弾性材料層形成用型枠を準備する段階と、前記対象物の壁面が形作られるように、弾性材料層形成用型枠を所定個所に配置する段階と、前記基礎型枠と前記弾性材料層形成用型枠との間に隙間に、流動状態になった弾性材料を流し込む段階と、前記弾性材料が硬化した後に、前記弾性材料層形成用型枠を取り外して弾性材料層を露出させる段階と、前記弾性材料層によって構成される空間に、前記対象物の形成材料を注入する段階とを含むことを特徴とするものである。 The manufacturing or construction method for an object having a plurality of recesses or protrusions according to claim 2 of the present application prepares a basic formwork formed smaller than the shape of each recess or protrusion of the object. a step, the steps of fixing the foundation formwork on the workbench, affixing a spacer to the outer surface of the base mold, the steps of attaching a perforated plate to said spacer, each recess of the object or each Preparing a mold for forming an elastic material layer having a shape corresponding to a convex portion, arranging the mold for forming an elastic material layer at a predetermined location so that a wall surface of the object is formed, and the foundation A step of pouring the elastic material in a fluid state into a gap between the mold and the elastic material layer forming mold; and after the elastic material is cured, the elastic material layer forming mold is removed and elasticized. Exposing the material layer; and said elastic material The space formed by and is characterized in that it comprises a step of injecting a material for forming the object.

本発明の製造又は施工方法によれば、対象物が、弾力性のある弾性材料層と接触しているので、脱型の際に、型枠を破損させることなしに、比較的に容易に作業を行うことができる。 According to the manufacturing or construction method of the present invention, since the object is in contact with the elastic elastic material layer, it is relatively easy to work without damaging the formwork during demolding. It can be performed.

次に図面を参照して、本発明の好ましい実施の形態に係る改良型型枠について詳細に説明する。本実施の形態では、図９（ａ）に示されるコンクリート製品（以下「対象物」という）２２を製造するための型枠を例にとって説明する。対象物２２には、複数の凹部２２ａが設けられている。図１において全体として参照符号１０で示される本発明の好ましい実施の形態に係る改良型型枠は、対象物２２の各凹部２２ａの形状よりも小さめに形成される基礎型枠１２を備えている。基礎型枠１２は、後述するスペーサを取り付けるため、鋼材料で形成するのが好ましいが、他の任意の材料（例えば、木質材料）で形成してもよい。   Next, an improved mold according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, description will be given by taking as an example a mold for manufacturing the concrete product (hereinafter referred to as “object”) 22 shown in FIG. The object 22 is provided with a plurality of recesses 22a. An improved mold according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1, comprises a basic mold 12 formed smaller than the shape of each recess 22a of the object 22. . The base form 12 is preferably formed of a steel material in order to attach a spacer to be described later, but may be formed of any other material (for example, a wood material).

改良型型枠１０は又、基礎型枠１２の外面の適当な箇所に取り付けられたスペーサ１４を備えている。基礎型枠１２が鋼材料で形成されている場合には、丸鋼を基礎型枠１２に溶接してスペーサ１４とするのがよい。   The improved formwork 10 also includes a spacer 14 attached to a suitable location on the outer surface of the base formwork 12. When the basic formwork 12 is formed of a steel material, it is preferable to weld the round steel to the basic formwork 12 to form the spacer 14.

改良型型枠１０は又、スペーサ１４に取り付けられた有孔プレート１６を備えている。基礎型枠１２が鋼材料で形成され、スペーサ１４が丸鋼で形成されている場合には、有孔プレート１６として、有孔メタルプレート又は鋼製ネットを使用し、これらを丸鋼に溶接して固定するのがよい。有孔プレート１６をスペーサ１４に取り付けることにより、基礎型枠１２と有孔プレート１６との間には、スペーサ１４の厚み分の隙間が形成されることとなる。   The improved formwork 10 also includes a perforated plate 16 attached to the spacer 14. When the base formwork 12 is formed of a steel material and the spacer 14 is formed of round steel, a perforated metal plate or a steel net is used as the perforated plate 16 and these are welded to the round steel. It is good to fix. By attaching the perforated plate 16 to the spacer 14, a gap corresponding to the thickness of the spacer 14 is formed between the basic mold 12 and the perforated plate 16.

改良型型枠１０は又、基礎型枠１２の外面に配置され、スペーサ１４と有孔プレート１６の厚みよりも大きい厚みを有する弾性材料層１８を備えている。弾性材料層１８は、例えばウレタンゴムなどで形成される。なお、弾性材料層１８の外面が対象物２２の壁面の箇所に実質的に位置決めされるように、弾性材料層１８の厚みが選定されている。   The improved mold 10 also includes an elastic material layer 18 disposed on the outer surface of the base mold 12 and having a thickness greater than the thickness of the spacer 14 and the perforated plate 16. The elastic material layer 18 is formed of, for example, urethane rubber. The thickness of the elastic material layer 18 is selected so that the outer surface of the elastic material layer 18 is substantially positioned at the wall surface of the object 22.

基礎型枠１２の外面に配置される弾性材料層１８が、スペーサ１４と有孔プレート１６の厚みよりも大きい厚みを有しているため、図１に示されるように、弾性材料層１８の内部に有孔プレート１６が位置することとなる。   Since the elastic material layer 18 disposed on the outer surface of the base formwork 12 has a thickness larger than the thickness of the spacer 14 and the perforated plate 16, as shown in FIG. The perforated plate 16 will be located in this.

以上のように構成された改良型型枠１０を用いて、対象物２２を製造する方法について説明する。図２は、対象物２２を製造する方法に関する各工程を示したフロー図である。まず、作業台の上に基礎型枠１２を固定する（図３参照）。次いで、基礎型枠１２に、スペーサ１４となる丸棒を溶接する（図４（ａ）参照）。次いで、スペーサ１４に有孔プレート１６を取り付ける（図４（ｂ）参照）。弾性材料層形成用型枠２０を所定箇所に設置する（図５（ａ）参照）。弾性材料層形成用型枠２０は、対象物２２の凹部２２ａに対応する形状を有している（図５（ｂ）参照）。次いで、基礎型枠１２と弾性材料層形成用型枠２０との間に形成される隙間に、加熱して流動状態になったウレタンゴムを流し込む（図６参照）。そして、ウレタンゴムが硬化すると、弾性材料層形成用型枠２０を取り外す（図７参照）。しかる後、改良型型枠１０によって形成された空間に、コンクリートを打設する（図８参照）。最後に、改良型型枠１０を取り外すと、対象物であるコンクリート製品２２が得られる。この際、基礎型枠１２の外面に弾性材料層１８が形成されているので、脱型の際、対象物２２を傷つけることなく、容易に作業を行うことができる。なお、有孔プレート１６がスペーサ１４を介して基礎型枠１２に堅固に固定されているので、脱型の作業の際に弾性材料層１８が対象物２２にくっついて剥がれるおそれはない。また、有孔プレート１６は、蒸気養生時に高温に曝される弾性材料層１８が膨張するのを抑制する役目を果たす。   A method for manufacturing the object 22 using the improved mold 10 configured as described above will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing each process related to the method of manufacturing the object 22. First, the basic formwork 12 is fixed on the work table (see FIG. 3). Next, a round bar to be the spacer 14 is welded to the basic formwork 12 (see FIG. 4A). Next, the perforated plate 16 is attached to the spacer 14 (see FIG. 4B). The elastic material layer forming mold 20 is installed at a predetermined location (see FIG. 5A). The elastic material layer forming mold 20 has a shape corresponding to the recess 22a of the object 22 (see FIG. 5B). Next, urethane rubber heated to a fluid state is poured into a gap formed between the base mold 12 and the elastic material layer forming mold 20 (see FIG. 6). When the urethane rubber is cured, the elastic material layer forming mold 20 is removed (see FIG. 7). Thereafter, concrete is placed in the space formed by the improved mold 10 (see FIG. 8). Finally, when the improved mold 10 is removed, a concrete product 22 as an object is obtained. At this time, since the elastic material layer 18 is formed on the outer surface of the basic mold 12, it is possible to easily perform the work without damaging the object 22 at the time of demolding. Since the perforated plate 16 is firmly fixed to the basic formwork 12 via the spacer 14, there is no possibility that the elastic material layer 18 sticks to the object 22 and is peeled off during the demolding operation. The perforated plate 16 serves to suppress the expansion of the elastic material layer 18 that is exposed to a high temperature during steam curing.

本発明は、以上の発明の実施の形態に限定されることなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の範囲内で、種々の変更が可能であり、それらも本発明の範囲内に包含されるものであることはいうまでもない。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, it is something.

例えば、前記実施の形態では、対象物２２が複数の凹部２２ａを有するコンクリート製品であるが、図９（ｂ）に示されように、複数の凸部２２′ａを有する対象物２２′について、本発明の改良型型枠１０および施工方法を適用してもよい。   For example, in the above-described embodiment, the object 22 is a concrete product having a plurality of recesses 22a. However, as shown in FIG. 9B, the object 22 'having a plurality of protrusions 22'a is You may apply the improved formwork 10 and construction method of this invention.

また、前記実施の形態では、コンクリート製品に関連して説明されているが、コンクリート製品以外の対象物（例えば、プラスチック製品）について、本発明の改良型型枠１０および施工方法を適用してもよい。   Further, in the above-described embodiment, the description has been made in relation to the concrete product. However, even if the improved mold 10 and the construction method of the present invention are applied to an object (for example, a plastic product) other than the concrete product. Good.

本発明の好ましい実施の形態に係る改良型型枠を示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the improved type | mold form which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. 図１の型枠を用いてコンクリート製品を製造する方法についての各工程を示したフロー図である。It is the flowchart which showed each process about the method of manufacturing a concrete product using the formwork of FIG. 作業台上に基礎型枠が固定されている状態を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the state by which the basic formwork is being fixed on the work table. 図４（ａ）は、基礎型枠にスペーサが取り付けられている状態を示した図、図４（ｂ）は、スペーサに有孔プレートが取り付けられている状態を示した図、図４（ｃ）は、有孔プレートの斜視図である。4 (a) is a diagram showing a state where a spacer is attached to the basic formwork, FIG. 4 (b) is a diagram showing a state where a perforated plate is attached to the spacer, and FIG. 4 (c). ) Is a perspective view of a perforated plate. 図５（ａ）は、弾性材料層形成用型枠を基礎型枠の間に配置した状態を示した図、図５（ｂ）は、弾性材料層形成用型枠を示した斜視図である。FIG. 5A is a view showing a state where the elastic material layer forming mold is disposed between the basic molds, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view showing the elastic material layer forming mold. . 基礎型枠と弾性材料層形成用型枠との間に隙間に、流動状態になったウレタンゴムを流し込む状態を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the state which pours the urethane rubber which became the fluid state into the clearance gap between the basic formwork and the elastic material layer forming formwork. 弾性材料層形成用型枠を取り外して弾性材料層を露出させる状態を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the state which removed the mold for elastic material layer formation, and exposed an elastic material layer. 弾性材料層によって構成される空間にコンクリートを注入する状態を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the state which inject | pours concrete into the space comprised by an elastic material layer. 図９（ａ）は、製造しようとする製品を示した斜視図、図９（ｂ）は、製造しようとする別の製品を示した斜視図である。FIG. 9A is a perspective view showing a product to be manufactured, and FIG. 9B is a perspective view showing another product to be manufactured.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 改良型型枠
１２ 基本型枠
１４ スペーサ
１６ 有孔プレート
１８ 弾性材料層
２０ 弾性材料層形成用型枠
２２、２２′ コンクリート製品（対象物） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Improved form 12 Basic form 14 Spacer 16 Perforated plate 18 Elastic material layer 20 Elastic material layer forming form 22, 22 'Concrete product (object)

Claims (1)

複数の凹部又は凸部を有する対象物の製造又は施工方法であって、
前記対象物の各凹部又は各凸部の形状よりも小さめに形成される基礎型枠を準備する段階と、
作業台上に前記基礎型枠を固定する段階と、
前記基礎型枠の外面にスペーサを固定する段階と、
前記スペーサに有孔プレートを取り付ける段階と、
前記対象物の各凹部又は各凸部に対応する形状を有する弾性材料層形成用型枠を準備する段階と、
前記対象物の壁面が形作られるように、弾性材料層形成用型枠を所定個所に配置する段階と、
前記基礎型枠と前記弾性材料層形成用型枠との間に隙間に、流動状態になった弾性材料を流し込む段階と、
前記弾性材料が硬化した後に、前記弾性材料層形成用型枠を取り外して弾性材料層を露出させる段階と、
前記弾性材料層によって構成される空間に、前記対象物の形成材料を注入する段階と、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 A method for manufacturing or constructing an object having a plurality of concave portions or convex portions ,
Preparing a base form that is formed smaller than the shape of each concave or convex portion of the object ;
Affixing the foundation formwork on the workbench,
Fixing a spacer to the outer surface of the foundation mold,
Attaching a perforated plate to the spacer;
Preparing an elastic material layer forming mold having a shape corresponding to each concave portion or each convex portion of the object ;
Placing the elastic material layer forming mold at a predetermined location so that the wall surface of the object is formed;
Pouring a fluidized elastic material into a gap between the basic mold and the elastic material layer forming mold; and
After the elastic material is cured, removing the elastic material layer forming mold to expose the elastic material layer;
Injecting the material for forming the object into the space formed by the elastic material layer;
A method comprising the steps of:
JP2005354596A 2005-12-08 2005-12-08 Manufacturing or construction method of an object having a plurality of recesses or protrusions Active JP4591966B2 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0382503A (en) * 1989-08-25 1991-04-08 Zoukei:Kk Manufacture of female mold for molding concrete product with decorative pattern of three-dimensional shape
JPH11198120A (en) * 1998-01-12 1999-07-27 Makkusuton Kk Mold structure of resin mold for molding concrete product

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0382503A (en) * 1989-08-25 1991-04-08 Zoukei:Kk Manufacture of female mold for molding concrete product with decorative pattern of three-dimensional shape
JPH11198120A (en) * 1998-01-12 1999-07-27 Makkusuton Kk Mold structure of resin mold for molding concrete product

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