JP4586422B2 - Organic wastewater treatment method - Google Patents

Organic wastewater treatment method Download PDF

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JP4586422B2
JP4586422B2 JP2004164880A JP2004164880A JP4586422B2 JP 4586422 B2 JP4586422 B2 JP 4586422B2 JP 2004164880 A JP2004164880 A JP 2004164880A JP 2004164880 A JP2004164880 A JP 2004164880A JP 4586422 B2 JP4586422 B2 JP 4586422B2
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foam
activated sludge
tank
water
membrane
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JP2005342612A (en
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純次 貴島
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Asahi Yukizai Corp
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Asahi Organic Chemicals Industry Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
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Description

本発明は、漁港、魚市場および陸上養殖場等での海洋汚染防止技術に関するものであり、詳しくは、魚の水揚げ、魚の洗浄、冷凍魚の解凍、魚の解体時に発生する血液や肉片等を含む有機性廃水、陸上養殖等における有機性廃水および発泡成分を含有する有機性廃水の処理方法において、泡沫分離法により分離された泡沫を確実に消泡させ、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽での処理量を増加させる有機性廃水の処理方法に関するものである。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to marine pollution prevention technology in fishing ports, fish markets, land farms, and the like, and more specifically, organic matter including blood and meat pieces generated during fish landing, fish washing, frozen fish thawing, and fish dismantling. In the treatment method of organic wastewater and wastewater, organic wastewater containing foaming components, etc., the foam separated by the foam separation method is surely defoamed and the treatment volume in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank is increased. The present invention relates to a method for treating organic wastewater.

従来、魚介類の飼育、養殖等から発生する有機性廃水の処理方法として、図4に示すような生物処理装置を用いた養魚用水浄化装置が提案されていた(例えば、特許文献1参照)。この養魚用水浄化装置は、養魚用水槽101からポンプ104を介して泡沫分離装置102に接続され、泡沫分離装置102の泡沫排出口102aは第一の生物処理装置103aに、泡沫分離装置102の処理水出口102bは第二の生物処理装置103bにそれぞれ接続されているものであり、上記第一の生物処理装置103aの出口側に第二の生物処理装置103bが接続され、第二の生物処理装置103bの出口側に養魚用水槽101が接続されており、また泡沫分離装置102内には気散装置105が設置され、気散装置105に圧縮空気発生装置106が接続されているものであった。その効果は、泡沫分離装置102の処理水出口102bから排出された処理水は生物処理装置103bにて水中の溶解製有機物が除去され、また泡沫分離装置102の泡沫排出口102aから排出された泡沫に付着した高濃度の浮遊性有機物が生物処理装置103aにて除去され、また上記泡沫を生物処理する生物処理装置103aより排出される処理水は再び生物処理装置103bにて生物処理されるものであった。   Conventionally, as a method for treating organic wastewater generated from the breeding, aquaculture, etc. of seafood, a fish water purification apparatus using a biological treatment apparatus as shown in FIG. 4 has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). This fish water purification device is connected from the fish tank 101 to the foam separation device 102 via the pump 104, and the foam discharge port 102a of the foam separation device 102 is connected to the first biological treatment device 103a and processed by the foam separation device 102. The water outlet 102b is connected to the second biological treatment apparatus 103b, and the second biological treatment apparatus 103b is connected to the outlet side of the first biological treatment apparatus 103a. The fish tank 101 is connected to the outlet side of 103b, the air diffuser 105 is installed in the foam separator 102, and the compressed air generator 106 is connected to the air diffuser 105. . The effect is that the treated water discharged from the treated water outlet 102b of the foam separating apparatus 102 is freed from dissolved organic substances in the water by the biological treatment apparatus 103b, and the foam discharged from the foam outlet 102a of the foam separating apparatus 102. The high-concentration floating organic matter adhering to the water is removed by the biological treatment device 103a, and the treated water discharged from the biological treatment device 103a for biologically treating the foam is biologically treated again by the biological treatment device 103b. there were.

また従来、消泡を行う技術として、曝気装置を有した処理槽内で生じた泡を消泡するために、図5に示すような曝気装置を有した処理槽に供給される被処理水を散水して消泡する排水処理装置が提案されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。この排水処理装置は、曝気装置107を有した好気槽108へ活性汚泥混合液を供給する送液管109に、供給すべき活性汚泥混合液の一部または全部を好気槽108の上方へ導く分岐管110を設け、この分岐管110の端部に、分岐管110により導かれた活性汚泥混合液を槽内の活性汚泥混合液111に向けて散水する消泡ノズル112を設けたものであり、その効果は本来処理槽へ供給すべき被処理液およびその移送エネルギーを利用して消泡できるので、処理水を散水することで消泡する従来の方法のように装置負荷が増えることはなく、散水用ポンプを別途設置する必要がないものであった。   Conventionally, as a technique for defoaming, in order to defoam bubbles generated in a treatment tank having an aeration apparatus, water to be treated supplied to the treatment tank having an aeration apparatus as shown in FIG. There has been proposed a wastewater treatment apparatus that sprinkles and defoams (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In this waste water treatment apparatus, a part or all of the activated sludge mixed liquid to be supplied to the liquid feed pipe 109 for supplying the activated sludge mixed liquid to the aerobic tank 108 having the aeration apparatus 107 is disposed above the aerobic tank 108. A branch pipe 110 is provided, and an end of the branch pipe 110 is provided with a defoaming nozzle 112 for sprinkling the activated sludge mixed liquid guided by the branch pipe 110 toward the activated sludge mixed liquid 111 in the tank. Yes, the effect can be eliminated by using the liquid to be treated and the energy to be transferred to the treatment tank, so that the load on the equipment increases as in the conventional method of defoaming by sprinkling the treated water. There was no need to install a separate watering pump.

特開平7−194272号公報JP 7-194272 A 特開平9−290286号公報JP-A-9-290286

しかしながら、前記従来の生物処理装置を用いた養魚用水浄化装置の場合、泡沫分離装置102により分離された泡沫を消泡せずに生物処理装置103a、103bにて処理されるため、生物処理では消泡を促進させる効果はなく、また泡沫は体積を多くとるため、泡沫分離装置102で処理する有機性廃水の量を増加させると生物処理装置103aに送られる泡沫の量が多くなり、生物処理待ちの泡沫が生物処理装置103a内で消泡しきれずに生物処理装置103aより溢れ出してしまうという問題があった。   However, in the case of the fish water purification apparatus using the conventional biological treatment apparatus, the foam separated by the foam separation apparatus 102 is processed by the biological treatment apparatuses 103a and 103b without defoaming. There is no effect of promoting foam, and since the foam takes up a large volume, if the amount of organic waste water to be treated by the foam separation device 102 is increased, the amount of foam sent to the biological treatment device 103a increases, and the biological treatment waits. There is a problem in that the foam of the water does not completely disappear in the biological treatment apparatus 103a and overflows from the biological treatment apparatus 103a.

また、前記従来の被処理水を散水して消泡する排水処理装置の場合、液状で流入する有機性廃水に対しては有効であるが、本発明のような泡沫分離槽から分離された泡沫を被処理水として用いる場合には、処理槽内に供給する前に泡沫を消泡しなければならないため利用することはできなかった。   Further, in the case of the wastewater treatment apparatus for spraying and defoaming the conventional water to be treated, the foam separated from the foam separation tank as in the present invention is effective for the organic wastewater flowing in liquid form. In the case of using as the water to be treated, it was not possible to use the foam because the foam had to be removed before being supplied into the treatment tank.

本発明は、上記のような従来技術の課題に鑑みなされたものであり、魚の水揚げ、魚の洗浄、冷凍魚の解凍、魚の解体時に発生する血液や肉片等を含む有機性廃水、陸上養殖等における有機性廃水および発泡成分を含有する有機性廃水の処理方法において、泡沫分離法により分離された泡沫を確実に消泡させ、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽での処理量を増加させる有機性廃水の処理方法を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, such as fish landing, washing of fish, thawing of frozen fish, organic wastewater containing blood and pieces of meat generated at the time of dismantling of fish, organic in land farming, etc. For treating organic wastewater containing volatile wastewater and foaming components, to ensure that the foam separated by the foam separation method is defoamed and to increase the throughput in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank Is intended to provide.

上記課題を解決するための本発明の有機性廃水の処理方法の構成を図1に基づいて説明すると、本発明は、漁港や魚市場等から発生する有機性廃水の処理方法であって、予め固体液体分離手段により固形物を除去した前処理が施された該廃水4を泡沫分離槽5へ投入し、該廃水4中に微細気泡を発生させ、泡沫分離層5で曝気処理された泡沫分離処理水9を系外に放流すると共に、発生した泡沫7を分離、消泡させた後、この消泡された廃水4を膜分離活性処理槽12へ導入し活性汚泥処理をすると共に、活性汚泥処理水を膜ろ過により分離することを第一の特徴とする。 To describe based on the configuration of the processing method of organic wastewater of the present invention to solve the above problem 1, the invention provides a method of treating organic waste water generated from fishing ports and fish markets, etc., in advance pretreatment to remove solids and wastewater 4 into force by a solid liquid separation means was charged to the foam separation tank 5, to generate fine bubbles in the waste water 4, aeration treated foam separated by foam separation layer 5 The treated water 9 is discharged to the outside of the system, and the generated foam 7 is separated and defoamed. Then, the defoamed waste water 4 is introduced into the membrane separation activated treatment tank 12 for activated sludge treatment and activated sludge. The first feature is that the treated water is separated by membrane filtration.

また、泡沫分離槽5から発生し分離された泡沫7が、散水、機械的打撃、温度変化、消泡剤、遠心力、超音波、自然放置のうち少なくとも一つの手段によって消泡されることを第二の特徴とする。   Further, the foam 7 generated and separated from the foam separation tank 5 is defoamed by at least one of watering, mechanical blow, temperature change, antifoaming agent, centrifugal force, ultrasonic wave, and natural standing. The second feature.

また、消泡手段が散水の場合、この散水に用いられる使用水が膜分離活性汚泥法で用いられる活性汚泥であることを第三の特徴とする。 Further, when the defoaming means is watering, the third feature is that the water used for watering is activated sludge used in the membrane separation activated sludge method.

さらに、前記膜分離活性汚泥法で発生する余剰汚泥15を、低生生物が飼育される養殖水槽16へ導入し、余剰汚泥15を当該低生生物の飼料となして消化減量処理することを第四の特徴とする。   Furthermore, the surplus sludge 15 generated by the membrane separation activated sludge method is introduced into the aquaculture tank 16 where low-living organisms are bred, and the surplus sludge 15 is used as feed for the low-living organisms for digestion reduction treatment. Four features.

本発明の消泡手段10は、泡沫7を確実に消泡させるために、散水、機械的打撃、温度変化、消泡剤、遠心力、超音波、自然放置のうち少なくとも一つの手段設けることが好ましい。特に散水は、短い時間で消泡することができ、設備の規模の変更が容易であることから好適に使用される。また機械的打撃は、消泡設備を容易にかつコンパクトに設置することができることから好適に使用される。 The defoaming means 10 of the present invention is provided with at least one means among watering, mechanical blow, temperature change, antifoaming agent, centrifugal force, ultrasonic wave, and natural standing in order to surely defoam the foam 7. Is preferred. In particular, watering can be suitably used because it can be defoamed in a short time and the scale of the facility can be easily changed. Further, the mechanical impact is preferably used because the defoaming equipment can be easily and compactly installed.

なお、消泡手段10の設置位置は、泡沫分離槽5から膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12に導入される間であれば特に限定されるものではなく、別途消泡手段のための泡沫受槽を設けても良く、泡沫を膜分離活性汚泥処理槽へ導く配管内に消泡手段を設けても良く、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽の水面の上方に消泡手段を設けても良い。   The installation position of the defoaming means 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is introduced from the foam separation tank 5 to the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12, and a foam receiving tank for the defoaming means is provided separately. Alternatively, the defoaming means may be provided in the pipe for guiding the foam to the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank, or the defoaming means may be provided above the water surface of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank.

また、消泡手段10が散水の場合、散水に使用される使用水が膜分離活性汚泥法で用いられる活性汚泥であることが好ましい。これは、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12内の活性汚泥の濃度の低減を防止して安定した濃度を維持し、さらに活性汚泥処理における攪拌効率を向上させるとともに、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12内に設置された循環動力を散布動力として利用できるためである。   Moreover, when the defoaming means 10 is watering, it is preferable that the used water used for watering is activated sludge used in the membrane separation activated sludge method. This prevents a decrease in the concentration of the activated sludge in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12 to maintain a stable concentration, and further improves the stirring efficiency in the activated sludge treatment. This is because the installed circulating power can be used as spraying power.

また、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12に発生する有機性の余剰汚泥15を、低生生物が飼育される養殖水槽16へ導入して、余剰汚泥15を低生生物の飼料とすることが好ましい。これは低生生物の飼料とすることにより、余剰汚泥15を消化減量させることができ、さらに飼育された低生生物を飼料として養殖などに活用することができるためである。なお、低生生物としては余剰汚泥15を飼料とすることができるものであれば特に限定されないが、ゴカイ等の堆積物食性低生生物や、二枚貝に代表される懸濁物食性低生生物などが好適であり、両者低生生物を混在させても良い。   Moreover, it is preferable to introduce the organic surplus sludge 15 generated in the membrane-separated activated sludge treatment tank 12 into the aquaculture tank 16 where the low-living organisms are bred, so that the surplus sludge 15 is used as low-living feed. This is because surplus sludge 15 can be digested and reduced by using a low-living organism feed, and the reared low-living organism can be used as a feed for aquaculture. The low-living organisms are not particularly limited as long as the surplus sludge 15 can be used as feed. However, sediment-eating low-living organisms such as sandworms, suspended-eating low-living organisms represented by bivalves, etc. Is preferable, and both low-living organisms may be mixed.

本発明は、以上説明した構造になっているので、以下のような優れた効果が得られる。
(1)泡沫分離槽で分離された泡沫は消泡手段を設けることにより消泡され、消泡手段を設けていない場合に比して処理量は4倍に増加できるとともに、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽から溢れ出ることなく処理することができる。
(2)消泡手段が散水の場合、散水に使用される使用水が膜分離活性汚泥法で用いられる活性汚泥を利用することにより、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内の活性汚泥の濃度の低減を防止して安定した濃度を維持し、活性汚泥処理における攪拌効率を向上させるとともに、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内に設置された循環動力を散布動力として利用できるため散水するための動力を別途設置する必要がない。
(3)膜分離活性汚泥処理槽で発生する余剰汚泥を、低生生物が飼育される養殖水槽へ導入することにより、余剰汚泥を当該低生生物の飼料となして消化減量処理することができる。
Since the present invention has the structure described above, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
(1) Foam separated in the foam separation tank is defoamed by providing a defoaming means, and the amount of treatment can be increased four times as compared with the case where no defoaming means is provided, and membrane activated activated sludge treatment. It can be processed without overflowing from the tank.
(2) When the defoaming means is watering, the concentration of activated sludge in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank can be reduced by using the activated sludge used in the membrane separation activated sludge method as the water used for watering. Prevent and maintain a stable concentration, improve the stirring efficiency in the activated sludge treatment, and install the power for sprinkling separately because the circulation power installed in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank can be used as spraying power There is no need.
(3) By introducing surplus sludge generated in the membrane-separated activated sludge treatment tank into the aquaculture tank where low-living organisms are bred, the surplus sludge can be used as feed for the low-living organisms for digestion and weight loss treatment. .

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図1乃至図3に示す実施例を用いて説明するが、本発明が本実施例に限定されないことは言うまでもない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the examples.

図1は本発明に係る有機性廃水の処理装置を示す模式図、図2は本発明の一実施例である散水による消泡手段を備えた膜分離活性汚泥処理槽を示す構成図である。図3は本発明の他の実施例である機械的打撃による消泡手段および膜分離活性汚泥処理槽を示す構成図である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an organic wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank provided with defoaming means by watering, which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a defoaming means by mechanical blow and a membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank according to another embodiment of the present invention.

図1において、2は海水を主成分とする有機性廃水1から固形物を沈殿させる沈砂槽であり、3は固形物を除去するスクリーンである。   In FIG. 1, 2 is a sand settling tank for precipitating solids from organic waste water 1 mainly composed of seawater, and 3 is a screen for removing solids.

5は海水を主成分とする有機性廃水1から固形物を除去した前処理廃水4を、泡沫7と泡沫分離処理水9に分離させる泡沫分離槽である。泡沫分離槽5の上部には泡沫排出口8が設けられ、底部には自給式微細気泡発生装置6が設けられている。   Reference numeral 5 denotes a foam separation tank for separating the pretreatment wastewater 4 from which the solid matter is removed from the organic wastewater 1 mainly composed of seawater into the foam 7 and the foam separation treated water 9. A foam discharge port 8 is provided at the top of the foam separation tank 5, and a self-contained fine bubble generator 6 is provided at the bottom.

10は泡沫7を散水によって消泡させる消泡手段である。消泡手段10により泡沫7が消泡されて消泡廃水11となる。12は消泡廃水11を活性汚泥処理する膜分離活性汚泥処理槽である。膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12内部には、活性汚泥と膜分離活性汚泥処理水14に分離させる分離膜13が設けられている。16は膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12から発生する余剰汚泥15が導入される養殖水槽である。   Reference numeral 10 denotes a defoaming means for defoaming the foam 7 by watering. Foam 7 is defoamed by defoaming means 10 to become defoamed waste water 11. 12 is a membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank for treating the defoamed waste water 11 with activated sludge. Inside the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12, a separation membrane 13 for separating the activated sludge and the membrane separation activated sludge treated water 14 is provided. Reference numeral 16 denotes a culture water tank into which excess sludge 15 generated from the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12 is introduced.

次に、図2に基づいて本発明の一実施例として、散水による消泡手段を備えた膜分離活性汚泥処理槽の構成について説明する。   Next, based on FIG. 2, the structure of the membrane separation activated sludge processing tank provided with the defoaming means by watering is demonstrated as one Example of this invention.

膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12は、脱窒槽17と硝化槽20とで構成され、仕切壁19によって仕切られている。脱窒槽17の底部中央には攪拌機18が設けられており、底側部には余剰汚泥15を養殖水槽16に輸送するポンプ28が設けられている。硝化槽20の底部にはブロワ24に接続された散気装置25が設けられている。散気装置25の上方には、分離膜13が設けられ、分離膜13を介して膜分離活性汚泥処理水14を輸送するポンプ21が設けられている。   The membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12 includes a denitrification tank 17 and a nitrification tank 20 and is partitioned by a partition wall 19. A stirrer 18 is provided at the center of the bottom of the denitrification tank 17, and a pump 28 for transporting excess sludge 15 to the aquaculture tank 16 is provided at the bottom side. An air diffuser 25 connected to the blower 24 is provided at the bottom of the nitrification tank 20. A separation membrane 13 is provided above the air diffuser 25, and a pump 21 that transports the membrane separation activated sludge treated water 14 through the separation membrane 13 is provided.

脱窒槽17および硝化槽20の上方には、消泡手段10が設けられている。消泡手段10は該槽17、20の上方に設けられた循環配管22および分岐配管26と、該配管22、26に接続される硝化槽内部に設けられた循環ポンプ23とからなり、該槽17、20の各水面全体にシャワー状に散水できる散水ノズル27が該配管22、26の全体に配置されている。なお散水ノズル27は、該配管22、26の全体に配置されているが、必要性能を満足していれば該配管22、26の一部でもよく、配管に穴をあけただけの形状でも良い。散水ノズル27の方向も、上方向、斜め上方向、水平方向のいずれから行われても良く、特に限定されない。また分岐配管26は、硝化槽20で生じるスカムを消泡する必要がなければ省略しても良い。   A defoaming means 10 is provided above the denitrification tank 17 and the nitrification tank 20. The defoaming means 10 comprises a circulation pipe 22 and a branch pipe 26 provided above the tanks 17 and 20, and a circulation pump 23 provided in the nitrification tank connected to the pipes 22 and 26. Sprinkling nozzles 27 that can spray water on the entire water surfaces 17 and 20 are arranged on the entire pipings 22 and 26. The sprinkling nozzle 27 is disposed on the entire pipes 22 and 26, but may be a part of the pipes 22 and 26 or a shape in which a hole is formed in the pipe as long as necessary performance is satisfied. . The direction of the watering nozzle 27 may be performed from any of the upward direction, the diagonally upward direction, and the horizontal direction, and is not particularly limited. The branch pipe 26 may be omitted if it is not necessary to defoam the scum generated in the nitrification tank 20.

次に、図1、図2に基づいて、本発明の処理方法を廃水の流れに従って説明する。漁港、魚市場および陸上養殖場から発生する海水を主成分とする有機性廃水1は、沈砂槽2およびスクリーン3に導入され、予め固液分離手段により魚肉片等の固形物の除去などの前処理が施され、前処理水4となる。前処理廃水4は泡沫分離槽5へ導入され泡沫分離槽5内の微細気泡発生装置6により一定時間曝気される泡沫分離処理により、泡沫7と泡沫分離処理水9とに分離される。泡沫分離槽5で曝気処理された泡沫分離処理水9は、そのまま系外へ放流される。一方、泡沫分離槽5の水表面に浮上した泡沫7は掻き取機(図示せず)などで掻きとられ、泡沫排出口8から排出される。この泡沫7は、前処理廃水4よりも汚濁濃度は高くなっているものの、汚濁濃度がほぼ一定で、曝気処理される前の水量に比して極めて少量になるため、活性汚泥処理に適した状態となる。泡沫排出口8から排出された泡沫7は、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12の脱窒槽17に導入される。脱窒槽17に導入された泡沫7は脱窒槽17に貯留され、脱窒槽17水表面に浮遊している消泡されなかった泡沫29に対して、硝化槽20内の活性汚泥が硝化槽20内に設けられた循環ポンプ23を介して循環配管22を通って散水ノズル27から散水され、該泡沫29は消泡されて消泡廃水11となる。このとき、硝化槽20から脱窒槽17に活性汚泥を散水する行程は、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12内の活性汚泥を循環させる役割も果たしている。消泡されて液化した消泡廃水11は、脱窒槽17の底部に設けられた攪拌機18により活性汚泥と攪拌混合されて混合液となり、脱窒槽17に許容量以上の混合液が貯留すると、仕切壁19を越流して硝化槽20へ流入する。 Next, based on FIG. 1, FIG. 2, the processing method of this invention is demonstrated according to the flow of waste water. Organic wastewater 1 mainly composed of seawater generated from fishing ports, fish markets and onshore farms is introduced into a sand settling tank 2 and a screen 3 and previously removed by solid-liquid separation means such as removal of solids such as fish pieces. processing is carried out, the pre-treated waste water 4. The pretreatment waste water 4 is separated into the foam 7 and the foam separation treated water 9 by the foam separation process introduced into the foam separation tank 5 and aerated by the fine bubble generating device 6 in the foam separation tank 5 for a predetermined time. The foam separation treated water 9 aerated in the foam separation tank 5 is discharged out of the system as it is. On the other hand, the foam 7 floating on the water surface of the foam separation tank 5 is scraped off by a scraper (not shown) or the like and discharged from the foam discharge port 8. Although this foam 7 has a higher pollutant concentration than the pretreatment wastewater 4, the pollutant concentration is almost constant and is extremely small compared to the amount of water before aeration treatment, and is therefore suitable for activated sludge treatment. It becomes a state. The foam 7 discharged from the foam discharge port 8 is introduced into the denitrification tank 17 of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12. The foam 7 introduced into the denitrification tank 17 is stored in the denitrification tank 17, and the activated sludge in the nitrification tank 20 is in the nitrification tank 20 against the defoamed foam 29 floating on the water surface of the denitrification tank 17. Water is sprayed from the water spray nozzle 27 through the circulation pipe 22 through the circulation pump 23 provided in the water, and the foam 29 is defoamed to become the defoamed waste water 11. At this time, the process of sprinkling the activated sludge from the nitrification tank 20 to the denitrification tank 17 also plays a role of circulating the activated sludge in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12. The defoamed waste water 11 that has been defoamed and liquefied is stirred and mixed with activated sludge by a stirrer 18 provided at the bottom of the denitrification tank 17 to become a mixed liquid. It flows over the wall 19 and flows into the nitrification tank 20.

硝化槽20は、散気装置25とこれに空気を送るブロワ24により硝化槽20内は好気的状態に維持されており、硝化槽20に流入した混合液は散気攪拌されながら活性汚泥処理され、分離膜13と吸引ポンプ21により膜分離活性汚泥処理水14と活性汚泥とに分離され、膜分離活性汚泥処理水14は膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12の系外へ放流される。なお、ポンプ21は、硝化槽20内の水位がHWL(上限水位)になった時に起動され、水位がLWL(下限水位)になった時に停止される。また、硝化槽20で発生し、硝化槽20水面に浮遊しているスカムは分岐配管26の散水ノズル27から散水される活性汚泥によって消泡される。   In the nitrification tank 20, the inside of the nitrification tank 20 is maintained in an aerobic state by the air diffuser 25 and the blower 24 for sending air thereto, and the activated sludge treatment is performed while the mixed liquid flowing into the nitrification tank 20 is diffusely stirred. The membrane separation activated sludge treatment water 14 and the activated sludge are separated by the separation membrane 13 and the suction pump 21, and the membrane separation activated sludge treatment water 14 is discharged out of the system of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12. The pump 21 is activated when the water level in the nitrification tank 20 becomes HWL (upper limit water level), and is stopped when the water level becomes LWL (lower limit water level). Further, the scum generated in the nitrification tank 20 and floating on the water surface of the nitrification tank 20 is defoamed by the activated sludge sprayed from the water spray nozzle 27 of the branch pipe 26.

一方、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽12の活性汚泥処理において発生する有機性の余剰汚泥15は、ポンプ28により槽外に排出されて低生生物であるゴカイが養殖された養殖水槽16へ導入され、飼料としてゴカイにより消化減量処理がなされる。   On the other hand, the organic surplus sludge 15 generated in the activated sludge treatment of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 12 is discharged to the outside of the tank by the pump 28 and introduced into the aquaculture tank 16 where the low-living organisms are cultured. Digestion weight loss treatment is performed by feed as feed.

次に、図3に基づいて本発明の他の実施例として、機械的打撃による消泡手段および膜分離活性汚泥処理槽の構成について説明する。   Next, the structure of the defoaming means by mechanical blow and the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank will be described as another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG.

30は泡沫31を機械的打撃によって消泡させる消泡手段である泡沫受槽である。泡沫受槽30内部にはモーター(図示せず)により回転するプロペラ32が設けられている。34は消泡廃水33を活性汚泥処理する膜分離活性汚泥処理槽である。膜分離活性汚泥処理槽34の構成は第一の実施例と同様であるので説明を省略する。   30 is a foam receiving tank which is a defoaming means for defoaming the foam 31 by mechanical hitting. A propeller 32 that is rotated by a motor (not shown) is provided inside the foam receiving tank 30. Reference numeral 34 denotes a membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank for treating the defoaming wastewater 33 with activated sludge. Since the configuration of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 34 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

次に、図3に基づいて本発明に係る他の処理方法について説明する。泡沫受槽30に貯留された泡沫31は、プロペラ32の回転により破壊されることで消泡されて消泡廃水33となり、消泡廃水33は膜分離活性汚泥処理槽34に導入される。消泡形態が異なること以外は第一の実施例と同様であるので説明を省略する。なお、本実施例ではプロペラ32を用いているが、泡沫受槽30内に貯留された泡沫が効率よく破壊できるのであれば形状は特に限定されるものではなく、網目状、櫛歯状でも良く、突起などを設けても良い。   Next, another processing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The foam 31 stored in the foam receiving tank 30 is defoamed by being broken by the rotation of the propeller 32 to become defoamed wastewater 33, and the defoamed wastewater 33 is introduced into the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 34. Since it is the same as that of the 1st Example except that a defoaming form differs, description is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, although the propeller 32 is used in the present embodiment, the shape is not particularly limited as long as the foam stored in the foam receiving tank 30 can be efficiently destroyed, and may be a mesh shape or a comb shape, A protrusion or the like may be provided.

次に、本発明に基づく有機性廃水処理方法の評価試験を行った。実際に漁港より採取した水揚げ、荷捌き有機性廃水を泡沫分離槽、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽にて廃水処理を実施し、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内の泡沫の状態や膜分離処理水のCODを測定した。測定方法を以下に示す。   Next, the evaluation test of the organic wastewater treatment method based on this invention was done. Landing and unloading organic wastewater collected from fishing ports is treated in a foam separation tank and membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank. The state of foam in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank and the COD of the membrane separation treatment water Was measured. The measuring method is shown below.

(1)膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内の泡沫の状態
泡沫が連続的に膜分離活性汚泥処理槽に導入され、2時間経過した後、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内の泡沫の状態を目視により確認し、以下のように評価した。
無 :膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内に導入された直後の泡沫を除くすべての泡沫が消泡された状態。
有 :膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内に導入された直後の泡沫以外にも消泡されていない泡沫がある状態。
溢れ出た:導入された泡沫が消泡しきれず、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽の水面上に蓄積し、泡沫が膜分離活性汚泥処理槽の外へ溢れ出た状態。
(1) Foam state in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank The foam is continuously introduced into the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank, and after 2 hours, the state of the foam in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank is visually confirmed. And evaluated as follows.
None: All foams except for the foam immediately after being introduced into the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank are defoamed.
Existence: A state where there is a foam that has not been defoamed other than the foam immediately after being introduced into the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank.
Overflow: The introduced foam cannot be completely removed, accumulates on the surface of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank, and the foam overflows out of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank.

(2)CODの測定
膜分離処理水のCODをJIS K 0102 19に準拠し、アルカリ性過マンガン酸カリウムによる酸素消費量により測定した。
(2) Measurement of COD The COD of membrane separation treated water was measured based on the oxygen consumption by alkaline potassium permanganate according to JIS K 010219.

(3)廃水処理の可否
膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内の泡沫の状態とCODより、以下のように廃水処理の可否を評価した。
可:膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内に導入された泡沫が溢れ出ず、且つ膜分離活性汚泥処理水CODが20mg/L未満である時。
否:膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内に導入された泡沫が外へ溢れ出た状態、または膜分離活性汚泥処理水CODが20mg/L以上である時。
(3) Availability of wastewater treatment The availability of wastewater treatment was evaluated as follows from the state of foam in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank and COD.
Possible: When the foam introduced into the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank does not overflow and the membrane separation activated sludge treatment water COD is less than 20 mg / L.
No: When the foam introduced into the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank overflows to the outside, or when the membrane separation activated sludge treatment water COD is 20 mg / L or more.

[試験例1]
消泡手段は図2の構成をした散水によるものであり、泡沫分離槽は自吸式で有効容量500(L)とし、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽の脱窒槽は容量900(L)、硝化槽は容量900(L)とした試験装置を用いて、廃水処理量を0.25m/h(条件1)、0.5m/h(条件2)、1m/h(条件3)としたときに、それぞれ表1に示す条件にて試験を行い、泡沫の状態の確認とCODの測定を行った。結果を表2に示す。
[Test Example 1]
The defoaming means is based on water sprinkling as shown in FIG. 2, the foam separation tank is self-priming and has an effective capacity of 500 (L), the denitrification tank of the membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank has a capacity of 900 (L), and the nitrification tank Used a test apparatus with a capacity of 900 (L), and the amount of wastewater treated was 0.25 m 3 / h (condition 1), 0.5 m 3 / h (condition 2), and 1 m 3 / h (condition 3). Occasionally, tests were performed under the conditions shown in Table 1, respectively, to confirm the state of foam and measure COD. The results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 0004586422
Figure 0004586422

[試験例2]
試験例1において、消泡手段は図3の構成をしたプロペラを用いた機械的打撃によるものであるとした試験装置を用いて、同様に表1に示す条件で試験を行い、泡沫の状態の確認とCODの測定を行った。結果を表2に示す。
[Test Example 2]
In Test Example 1, the test was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1 using the test apparatus in which the defoaming means was based on mechanical blow using the propeller configured as shown in FIG. Confirmation and measurement of COD were performed. The results are shown in Table 2.

[比較例1]
試験例1において、消泡手段を設けていない試験装置を用いて、同様に表1に示す条件で試験を行い、泡沫の状態の確認とCODの測定を行った。結果を表2に示す。
[Comparative Example 1]
In Test Example 1, using a test apparatus not provided with a defoaming means, the test was similarly performed under the conditions shown in Table 1, and the foam state was confirmed and COD was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 0004586422
Figure 0004586422

試験例1および試験例2の結果から、膜分離活性汚泥処理槽内に導入された泡沫が消泡手段により消泡されており、散水による消泡手段や機械的打撃による消泡手段が消泡に有効であることが分かる。また、試験例1および比較例1の結果を比較すると、廃水処理の可否の結果から、本発明の消泡手段を用いることで、廃水処理量1.0(m3/h)でも問題なく廃水処理が可能であり、比較例1の処理可能な廃水処理量は0.25(m3/h)であることから、処理可能な廃水処理量が4倍になったことが分かる。したがって、発泡成分を含有する有機性廃水の処理方法において、泡沫分離法により分離された泡沫を消泡手段を設けて消泡させることによって、消泡手段を設けない場合に対して膜分離活性汚泥処理槽での廃水処理量は4倍に増加させることができる。 From the results of Test Example 1 and Test Example 2, the foam introduced into the membrane-separated activated sludge treatment tank has been defoamed by the defoaming means, and the defoaming means by water spraying and the defoaming means by mechanical blown are defoamed. It turns out that it is effective. In addition, when the results of Test Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are compared, the wastewater treatment can be performed without any problem even when the wastewater treatment amount is 1.0 (m 3 / h) by using the defoaming means of the present invention based on the result of the wastewater treatment possibility. Since the amount of wastewater that can be treated is 0.25 (m 3 / h) in Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the amount of wastewater that can be treated has quadrupled. Therefore, in the method for treating organic wastewater containing a foaming component, by separating the foam separated by the foam separation method by providing a defoaming means, the membrane separation activated sludge is provided for the case where the defoaming means is not provided. The amount of wastewater treated in the treatment tank can be increased four times.

本発明は、漁港、魚市場および陸上養殖場等で大量に発生する有機性廃水に利用可能だけでなく、タンパク質等の発泡成分を含有する有機性廃水の処理に利用可能であり、環境汚染の防止に大きく寄与できるものである。   The present invention can be used not only for organic wastewater generated in large quantities in fishing ports, fish markets, onshore farms, etc., but also for treating organic wastewater containing foaming components such as proteins. It can greatly contribute to prevention.

本発明に係る有機性廃水の処理装置を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the organic wastewater processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本発明の一実施例である散水による消泡手段を備えた膜分離活性汚泥処理槽を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the membrane separation activated sludge processing tank provided with the defoaming means by the watering which is one Example of this invention. 本発明の他の実施例である機械的打撃による消泡手段および膜分離活性汚泥処理槽を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the defoaming means by a mechanical blow and the membrane separation activated sludge processing tank which are the other Examples of this invention. 従来の生物処理装置を用いた養魚用水浄化装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the fish water purification apparatus using the conventional biological treatment apparatus. 従来の曝気装置を有した処理槽に供給される被処理水を散水して消泡する排水処理装置を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the waste water treatment apparatus which sprinkles the to-be-processed water supplied to the processing tank which has the conventional aeration apparatus, and defoams.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…海水を主成分とする有機性廃水
2…沈砂槽
3…スクリーン
4…前処理廃水
5…泡沫分離槽
6…微細気泡発生装置
7…泡沫
8…泡沫排出口
9…泡沫分離処理水
10…消泡手段
11…消泡廃水
12…膜分離活性汚泥処理槽
13…分離膜
14…膜分離活性汚泥処理水
15…余剰汚泥
16…養殖水槽
17…脱窒槽
18…攪拌機
19…仕切壁
20…硝化槽
21…ポンプ
22…循環配管
23…循環ポンプ
24…ブロワ
25…散気装置
26…分岐配管
27…散水ノズル
28…ポンプ
29…消泡されなかった泡沫
30…泡沫受槽
31…泡沫
32…プロペラ
33…消泡廃水
34…膜分離活性汚泥処理槽
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Organic waste water which has seawater as a main component 2 ... Sand settling tank 3 ... Screen 4 ... Pretreatment waste water 5 ... Foam separation tank 6 ... Fine bubble generator 7 ... Foam 8 ... Foam discharge port 9 ... Foam separation treated water 10 ... Defoaming means 11 ... Defoaming waste water 12 ... Membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank 13 ... Separation membrane 14 ... Membrane separation activated sludge treatment water 15 ... Surplus sludge 16 ... Culture tank 17 ... Denitrification tank 18 ... Stirrer 19 ... Partition wall 20 ... Nitrification Tank 21 ... Pump 22 ... Circulation pipe 23 ... Circulation pump 24 ... Blower 25 ... Air diffuser 26 ... Branch pipe 27 ... Water spray nozzle 28 ... Pump 29 ... Foam 30 not defoamed ... Foam receiving tank 31 ... Foam 32 ... Propeller 33 ... defoaming wastewater 34 ... membrane separation activated sludge treatment tank

Claims (4)

漁港や魚市場等から発生する有機性廃水の処理方法であって、予め固体液体分離手段により固形物を除去した前処理が施された該廃水を泡沫分離槽へ投入し、該廃水中に微細気泡を発生させ、泡沫分離層で曝気処理された泡沫分離処理水を系外に放流すると共に、発生した泡沫を分離、消泡させた後、この消泡された廃水を膜分離活性汚泥処理槽へ導入し活性汚泥処理をすると共に、活性汚泥処理水を膜ろ過により分離することを特徴とする有機性廃水の処理方法。 A method for treating organic wastewater generated from fishing ports, fish markets, etc., in which the wastewater that has been pretreated by removing solids by a solid liquid separation means is put into a foam separation tank and finely divided into the wastewater. Bubbles are generated and the foam separation treated water aerated in the foam separation layer is discharged to the outside of the system. The generated foam is separated and defoamed, and the defoamed waste water is treated with a membrane-separated activated sludge treatment tank. An organic wastewater treatment method characterized by introducing activated sludge into water and separating activated sludge treated water by membrane filtration. 前記泡沫分離槽から発生し分離された該泡沫が、散水、機械的打撃、温度変化、消泡剤、遠心力、超音波、自然放置のうち少なくとも一つの手段によって消泡されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。 The foam generated and separated from the foam separation tank is defoamed by at least one of watering, mechanical blow, temperature change, antifoaming agent, centrifugal force, ultrasonic wave, and natural standing. The method for treating organic wastewater according to claim 1 . 消泡手段が散水の場合、この散水に用いられる使用水が膜分離活性汚泥法で用いられる活性汚泥であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。 3. The method for treating organic wastewater according to claim 2, wherein when the defoaming means is watering, the water used for watering is activated sludge used in the membrane separation activated sludge method. 前記膜分離活性汚泥法で発生する余剰汚泥を、低生生物が飼育される養殖水槽へ導入し、前記余剰汚泥を当該低生生物の飼料となして消化減量処理することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の有機性水の処理方法。 The surplus sludge generated by the membrane-separated activated sludge method is introduced into an aquaculture tank where low-living organisms are bred, and the surplus sludge is used as feed for the low-living organisms to reduce digestion. method of treating organic waste water according to any one of 1 to claim 3.
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