JP4578574B1 - Sawdust production equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To adjust the particle size of produced sawdust more easily than a conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatus, and to maintain the cutting blade in comparison with a conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatus. Develop a sawdust production device that can be performed more easily.
The protruding length of the cutting edge of the cutting blade can be changed within a range of 1 to 5 millimeters, and the cutting blade is provided with a plurality of grooves perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at intervals of 2 to 10 millimeters. There is provided a sawdust manufacturing apparatus configured such that grooves are not aligned on the same circumference.

[Selection] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a sawdust production apparatus for producing fine grained wood and bamboo materials called “sawdust” by pulverizing wood and bamboo materials. The present invention relates to a powder production apparatus.
<Configuration 1>
A transport unit that transports the raw material into the apparatus, a presser unit that presses the transported raw material, a cutting unit that cuts the raw material to produce sawdust, and an unloader that transports the manufactured sawdust Part, housing to store the main part, and base,
In the presser part, there is provided a presser wheel that can rotate in the raw material transport direction at the part that abuts the raw material and can swing up and down.
In the cutting part, a plurality of recesses are cut in parallel to the rotation axis in the drum part of the rotating drum, and a cutting blade having an extension shorter than the length in the axial direction of the drum part is provided in each recess. It is fixed in a state where the blade edge protrudes within the range of 1 to 5 mm from the surface of the part,
In the cutting blade, a plurality of grooves perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade are cut at intervals of 2 to 10 millimeters,
Each cutting blade is fixed to the recess, and a space is provided between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade so that the distance between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade can be adjusted. And
The cutting blades are fixed by shifting the grooves between adjacent cutting blades so that the cut grooves are not aligned on the same circumference in the circumferential direction of the drum,
The rotating shafts provided on both side plates of the housing are rotated by the power transmitted from the drive source, the small gear is fixed to the rotating shaft, and one end of a substantially triangular support plate is pivotally attached to the rotating shaft. A presser wheel, which is a large gear meshing with a gear fixed to the rotating shaft, is pivotally attached to the other end of the support plate, and the remaining end of the support plate is projected to form a hook-shaped locking portion. Having a presser part configured to be locked to a stopper provided on the upper part of both side plates of the body,
The power source that supplies power for rotating the transport means of the transport unit and the presser wheel of the presser unit is the same first power source, and the power source that supplies power for rotating the drum of the cutting unit is the first power source. A second power source different from the power source is used ,
Sawdust production equipment.
<Configuration 2>
The presser portion has a bamboo presser wheel for pressing the sliding of the bamboo material, and the presser wheel for bamboo material has a cylindrical main body with a plurality of pins with pointed tips, The vehicle is rotated by a third power source different from the first power source and the second power source,
The shaft of the bamboo presser wheel is fitted into a support plate having a frame structure, and the third power source is mounted and fixed on the top plate of the support plate. The plate is swung, and the third power source is also swung.
The sawdust manufacturing apparatus according to Configuration 1, wherein:

  The fine wood waste generally called “sawdust” is also called “sawdust” and is used for livestock-related bedding, mushroom nurseries, garbage disposal, biomass fuel, incense raw materials, activated carbon raw materials It is used in various applications such as abrasives and building materials. "Sawdust" and "sawdust" generally mean fine wood waste, but recently, the use of fine bamboo waste has spread and is attracting attention.

  More than 80% of the sawdust used for the above-mentioned various uses was imported from abroad, but drugs imported from other countries are mixed with drugs such as insect repellents and fumigants. There are many ratios, and it is dangerous to use it for food-related products such as livestock fertilizer and mushroom nursery. Therefore, recently, the demand for domestic sawdust tends to increase.

  In the management of forests, thinning is also an important task, and the treatment of the thinned material discharged in thinning is also a big problem. In view of this, machines that process sawwood into sawdust on the spot in the forest are now manufactured, and are now used in forests and factories in various places.

  As for sawdust, those having a particle size of about 1 mm to about 6 mm are most often used depending on the application. Large particles are often used for livestock litter, compost, and mushroom culture, and small particles are used for incense materials, activated carbon materials, abrasives, and the like. Alternatively, for the cultivation of mushrooms, there have recently been many cases where a mixture of a large particle size and a small particle size is used.

However, in the conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatuses as listed in the following Patent Documents 1 to 7, products of various particle diameters are mixed and produced, and it is practically impossible to control the particle diameter. However, as the application differs depending on the particle size as described above, the produced sawdust must be classified to some extent by particle size. For this reason, there has been only a method of aligning the particle diameters by sieving by human power or using a sizing device as shown in Patent Document 8 below.

  Conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatuses are mainly composed of a plurality of circular saw blades arranged in parallel via spacers as disclosed in Patent Documents 4 and 6 below, for example. In the above apparatus, the particle size of sawdust is mainly determined by the distance between adjacent saw blades, that is, the thickness of the spacer, and the protrusion of the saw blade, that is, the protrusion of the saw blade from the spacer surface. However, in the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Patent Documents 4 and 6 below, the thickness of the spacer and the protruding state of the saw blade are determined in advance, so it is difficult to change, and after that, the number of rotations of the motor and the log are pushed in. There was no choice but to control by adjusting the power.

  Another problem is the difficulty of maintenance. When the sawdust production device is operated for a day, the saw blade is worn down, and if it is not polished, it is practically unusable for the next day's work. However, in the conventional apparatus, the rotor portion on which the saw blade is mounted must be disassembled to remove the saw blade, the blade portion of each saw blade must be ground and assembled again, and the cutting portion must be completely assembled. It took a lot of work and time for this work because it needed to be dismantled.

The third problem of the conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatus is that it is difficult to pulverize the bamboo material with the conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatus. As demand for sawdust expands, the shortage of domestic sawdust has been mentioned, and the use of bamboo baskets has come to be noticed as an alternative. In other words, recently, management of forests has become unsatisfactory as in the past, and management of bamboo baskets has become a problem throughout Japan.

  In mountain forests, especially on slopes, bamboo baskets tend to expand if left untouched by humans, which is also problematic from the viewpoint of slope protection. Therefore, an apparatus capable of producing bamboo sawdust by crushing bamboo materials obtained from such abandoned bamboo forest has been demanded. However, bamboo has a higher resistance to fibers than wood, and conventional sawdust production equipment for wood often makes cutting difficult. In particular, the bamboo material jumps up at the portion (conveying unit) that feeds the bamboo material to the crushing roller, and stable cutting cannot be performed. It has been found that this has a problem in the pressing portion of the raw material of the conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatus. That is, it has been found that the structure of the presser part for wood cannot completely hold the bamboo material.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-32320 JP-A-8-103904 JP 2001-300909 A JP 2005-111924 A JP 2005-280142 A JP 2009-51064 A Registered Utility Model No. 3063374 JP 2007-75737 A

As described above, the problems to be solved by the invention are as follows.
<Problem 1>
Developed sawdust manufacturing equipment that can easily adjust the particle size of the sawdust produced. Specifically, the configuration is such that the interval between the cutting blades for cutting the raw bamboo can be easily changed, or the protruding state of the cutting blades from the surface of the drum on which the cutting blades are mounted can be easily changed. Develops powder production equipment.
<Problem 2>
Developed a sawdust manufacturing device that can easily perform maintenance of cutting blades.
<Problem 3>
Developed a sawdust production device that can easily and reliably cut bamboo. That is, specifically, a sawdust manufacturing apparatus having a presser part configured to reliably prevent the bamboo material from jumping up in the raw material conveying part is developed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides the means for solving the problems described below.
<Solution 1>
A transport unit that transports the raw material into the apparatus, a presser unit that presses the transported raw material, a cutting unit that cuts the raw material to produce sawdust, and an unloader that transports the manufactured sawdust Part, housing to store the main part, and base,
In the presser part, there is provided a presser wheel that can rotate in the raw material transport direction at the part that abuts the raw material and can swing up and down.
In the cutting part, a plurality of recesses are cut in parallel to the rotation axis in the drum part of the rotating drum, and a cutting blade having an extension shorter than the length in the axial direction of the drum part is provided in each recess. It is fixed in a state where the blade edge protrudes within the range of 1 to 5 mm from the surface of the part,
In the cutting blade, a plurality of grooves perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade are cut at intervals of 2 to 10 millimeters,
Each cutting blade is fixed to the recess, and a space is provided between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade so that the distance between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade can be adjusted. And
The cutting blades are fixed by shifting the grooves between adjacent cutting blades so that the cut grooves are not aligned on the same circumference in the circumferential direction of the drum,
The rotating shafts provided on both side plates of the housing are rotated by the power transmitted from the drive source, the small gear is fixed to the rotating shaft, and one end of a substantially triangular support plate is pivotally attached to the rotating shaft. A presser wheel, which is a large gear meshing with a gear fixed to the rotating shaft, is pivotally attached to the other end of the support plate, and the remaining end of the support plate is projected to form a hook-shaped locking portion. Having a presser part configured to be locked to a stopper provided on the upper part of both side plates of the body,
The power source that supplies power for rotating the transport means of the transport unit and the presser wheel of the presser unit is the same first power source, and the power source that supplies power for rotating the drum of the cutting unit is the first power source. A second power source different from the power source is used ,
Sawdust production equipment.
<Solution 2>
The presser portion has a bamboo presser wheel for pressing the sliding of the bamboo material, and the presser wheel for bamboo material has a cylindrical main body with a plurality of pins with pointed tips, The vehicle is rotated by a third power source different from the first power source and the second power source,
The shaft of the bamboo presser wheel is fitted into a support plate having a frame structure, and the third power source is mounted and fixed on the top plate of the support plate. The plate is swung, and the third power source is also swung.
The sawdust manufacturing apparatus according to Solution 1, characterized in that.

According to the invention of Solution 1 of the present invention, a conveying unit that conveys the raw material into the apparatus, a presser part that presses the conveyed raw material, and a cutting that cuts the raw material to produce powder. Part, a carry-out part for carrying out the manufactured sawdust, a housing for storing the main part, and a base, and the part that abuts the raw material in the holding part rotates in the raw material conveyance direction, In addition, since the presser wheel that can swing up and down is provided, it is possible to accurately press the raw material and transport it in the transport section regardless of the shape of the raw material. If a stopper that restricts the swing of the presser wheel is provided in addition to the above configuration, the presser wheel itself does not swing beyond the swing allowable range.

Further, according to the invention of the solving means 1 of the present invention, a plurality of recesses are cut in the drum portion of the rotating drum in parallel with the rotation axis in the cutting portion, and the shaft of the barrel portion is formed in each recess. Cutting blades having an extension shorter than the length in the direction are fixed in a state in which the cutting edge protrudes from the drum body surface within a range of 1 to 5 millimeters, and each cutting blade is fixed to the recess. The space between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade is provided so that the distance between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade can be adjusted. It is possible to control the extension of the cutting edge, that is, the protruding part of the cutting blade, within the range of 1 to 5 mm from the drum body surface by simply adjusting the diameter of the blade, thereby easily adjusting the particle size of the sawdust. Can do. That is, the shorter the protruding portion of the blade edge, the smaller the particle size of the sawdust, and the longer the protruding portion of the blade edge, the larger the particle size of the sawdust. The distance can be easily adjusted, for example, by adjusting the tightening degree of these bolts by screwing a plurality of bolts into the bottom of the recess.

Further, if the cutting blade is plate-shaped and the fixing means is a bolt, it can be easily removed from the drum body simply by removing the screwed bolt, so that the cutting blade can be easily polished. In other words, when the cutting blade has a circular saw shape as in the past, the circular saw blade cannot be removed unless the entire drum (roller) on which the circular saw blade is mounted is disassembled, and polishing is also performed in a circular saw shape. Although it was very troublesome because it must be performed for each blade body of the blade, in the invention of Solution 1 of the present invention, since the cutting blade is plate-shaped, it can be easily removed and polished. Is very simple because it only polishes a plate-like cutting blade. Therefore, there has been a case where the cutting blade which has been vigorous and has a sharpness has been used in the past, but in the invention of Solution 1 of the present invention, only the cutting blade can be removed and polished at the end of work every day. It is possible to keep the sharpness.

Further, according to the invention of Solution 1 of the present invention, a plurality of grooves perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade are cut at intervals in the range of 2 to 10 millimeters on the cutting blade. The same effect as a state in which a plurality of cutting blades are arranged in parallel by the groove of the strip is obtained. Moreover, the particle diameter of sawdust can be easily adjusted by exchanging with cutting blades having different groove intervals. That is, sawdust having a smaller particle size can be obtained by using a cutting blade having a narrower groove interval, and sawdust having a larger particle size can be obtained by using a cutting blade having a wider groove interval. be able to.

Moreover, according to invention of the solution means 1 of this invention, as for the cutting blade, the groove | channel cut into the groove | channel cut into the adjacent cutting blade and the circumferential direction of a drum do not align on the same circumference. Therefore, it can be avoided that the shape of the sawdust becomes longer in the fiber direction. That is, if the grooves cut in the cutting blade are aligned on the same circumference in the circumferential direction of the drum and the groove cut in the adjacent cutting blade, a long sawdust is produced in the fiber direction. However, such a situation is avoided, and a substantially uniform size of sawdust can be obtained.

According to the solution 1 of the present invention, the rotating shafts provided on both side plates of the casing are rotated by the power transmitted from the driving source, and the small gears are fixed to the rotating shafts. One end of a substantially triangular support plate is pivotally attached, and the other end of the support plate is pivotally attached to a presser wheel that is a large gear meshing with a gear fixed to the rotating shaft, and the remaining end of the support plate is protruded. It has a presser part that is configured as a hook-like locking part and is configured to be locked to a stopper provided on the upper part of both side plates of the housing. When the presser wheel moves up and down along the shape of the raw material, one end of the support plate, which is the free end, also moves up and down, and the vertical movement is constant because the presser wheel bounces up. If the limit is exceeded, one end of this support plate is locked by the stopper and cannot be moved any further. Car without such deviates from excessively rotated raw material, presser wheel can always serve to hold the raw material. Further, since the presser wheel is restricted by the stopper so that the presser wheel does not fall below a certain level when there is no raw material, the danger of the presser wheel colliding with the transport unit is also avoided.

According to the solution 1 of the present invention, since the power source for supplying the power for rotating the conveying means of the conveying unit and the presser wheel of the pressing unit is the same, the presser wheel rotates in conjunction with the movement of the conveying means. Therefore, the conveyance is performed smoothly. In addition, since the rotation of the presser wheel is stopped at the moment when the movement of the transport unit is stopped, the presser wheel is prevented from idling .

According to the invention of Solution 1 of the present invention, since the power source for supplying power for rotating the drum of the cutting unit uses another second power source, the second power source rotates the drum of the cutting unit. In order to concentrate all the power.

According to the invention of Solution 2 of the present invention, the presser portion has a bamboo presser wheel for pressing the sliding of the bamboo material, and the bamboo presser wheel has a cylindrical body with a plurality of sharpened pins. Since it is planted, even with bamboo materials that were difficult to convey with the configuration of the conveying section of the conventional sawdust manufacturing apparatus, pins with sharp tips can bite into the bamboo material and be reliably conveyed. .

According to the invention of Solution 2 of the present invention, the bamboo presser wheel is rotated by a third power source different from the first power source and the second power source, which is sufficient for holding and transporting the bamboo material. It is possible to supply power.

According to the invention of Solution 2 of the present invention, the shaft of the bamboo presser wheel is fitted into a support plate having a frame structure, and the third power source is placed and fixed on the top plate of the support plate, The support plate swings in conjunction with the swinging of the bamboo presser wheel, and the third power source also swings, so the weight of the frame-shaped support plate and the top plate are mounted. Since the weight of the motor is added and a considerable load is applied to the raw material made of bamboo, the springing up of the raw material made of bamboo can be strongly pressed also from this point .

At present, many forests in Japan have been eroded by bamboo forests due to labor shortages, but in such places, bamboo forest management is facilitated by the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of the present invention and cut out. Since bamboo can be used as bamboo sawdust, it will greatly benefit the effective use of bamboo forest resources and bamboo forest management.

It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the planar view of the state except the hood of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the planar view of the state which removed the presser wheel from FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the planar view of the state which removed the conveyance conveyor from FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which saw the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention from the raw material conveyance port side. (A) It is one front view of the basic unit of the press part of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of the present invention. (B) It is an external appearance perspective view of the support plate of the presser wheel of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (C) It is an external appearance perspective view of the state which connected 3 sets of basic units which attached the presser wheel to the support plate of the presser wheel of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (A) It is another one front view of the basic unit of the press part of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of the present invention. (B) It is an external appearance perspective view of the support plate of the presser wheel of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (C) It is an external appearance perspective view of the state which connected 3 sets of basic units which attached the presser wheel to the support plate of the presser wheel of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view of the drum of the cutting part of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (A) It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the drum of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (B) It is an enlarged view of the principal part of FIG. 8a. It is an external appearance perspective view of the principal part of the drum of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (A) It is an external appearance perspective view of the volt | bolt for fixing the cutting blade of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention to a drum. (B) It is an external appearance perspective view of the volt | bolt for adjusting the protrusion condition of the blade edge | tip of the cutting blade of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (A) It is an external appearance perspective view of the front side of the cutting blade of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. (B) It is an external appearance perspective view of the back side of the cutting blade of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the arrangement of the cutting blade of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 2 of this invention. (A) It is an external appearance perspective view of the presser wheel and support plate of the press part for pressing the bamboo material of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 2 of this invention. (B) It is a front view of the presser wheel and support plate of the press part for pressing the bamboo material of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of Example 2 of this invention.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

<Configuration of Example 1>
As shown in FIG. 1, the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a transport unit 1 that transports the raw material W into the apparatus and a transport unit 1 that presses the transported raw material W. The presser part 2 which presses and ensures conveyance, the cutting part 3 which cuts the raw material W to produce the powder O, the unloading part 4 which carries out the produced sawdust O, and the main part It consists of a housing 5 and a base 6 for storing.

The transport unit 1 includes a chain conveyor 11 which is a conveyor-type transport unit and sprockets 12 and 13 around which the chain conveyor 11 is wound. The sprocket 12 is directly driven by a motor M1. A plurality of hooking claws C for hooking the raw material W may be fixed to the chain conveyor 11. As shown in FIG. 2, eight chain conveyors 11 are arranged in parallel in the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A of the first embodiment (showing a state in which the hooking claws C are fixed in FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG. 1, the presser part 2 is composed of a presser part 2A and a presser part 2B having substantially the same configuration. As shown in FIG. 6a, the presser portion 2A has a basic unit 2Au in which a pair of presser wheels 22, 22, and a pair of gears 23, 23 are combined with a support plate 21 as shown in FIG. 6c. The set is configured in parallel. Therefore, the presser portion 2A has three support plates 21, six presser wheels 22, and six gears 23. Further, as shown in FIG. 7a, the presser portion 2B has a basic unit 2Bu in which a pair of gear-shaped presser wheels 25, 25 and a pair of gears 26, 26 are combined with a support plate 24 as shown in FIG. 7c. Three sets are arranged in parallel. Therefore, the presser portion 2B has three support plates 24, six presser wheels 25, and six gears 26.

The structure of the pressing portion 2A is shown in FIGS. 6a, 6b, and 6c. The holding portion 2A has a shaft 2Ax rotatably inserted in a circular hole 21a formed in one end portion of a substantially triangular support plate 21, and a pair of gears 23 are provided on both sides of the support plate 21 in the shaft 2Ax. A pair of presser wheels 22 and 22 are fixedly attached to a shaft 2Ay that is fixedly attached and further rotatably inserted into a circular hole 21b formed in one end, thereby forming a basic unit 2Au (see FIG. 6a). The presser wheel 22 is meshed. Then, three sets of basic units 2Au are arranged in parallel sharing the axes 2Ax and 2Ay (see FIG. 6c). Further, the other end of the support plate 21 is projected to form a hook-shaped locking portion 21c (see FIG. 6b).

As shown in FIG. 2, a sprocket 2As is fixed to the shaft 2Ax of the presser portion 2A, and the sprocket 2As is driven by the motor M1 via the chain 2At. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a sprocket 2Bs is fixed to the shaft 2Bx of the presser portion 2B, and the sprocket 2Bs is driven by the motor M1 via the chain 2Bt.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the cutting unit 3 includes a drum 32 having a plurality of cutting blades 31 and a receiving blade 33 fixed to the base 6. A sprocket 322 is fixed to the shaft 321 of the drum 32, and the drum 32 is driven by a motor M2 through a chain 34 wound around the sprocket 322.

FIG. 12 shows the configuration of the cutting blade 31. The cutting blade 31 has a flat plate shape as a whole, and one side in the longitudinal direction is a cutting edge 311, and a plurality of grooves t, t,... ρ represents an interval between adjacent grooves t and t. Further, five screw holes h are cut in the back surface 313 of the cutting blade 31. The screw hole h is not penetrated to the surface 312 of the cutting blade 31.

A state in which the cutting blade 31 is mounted on the drum 32 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 9 a, the cutting blade 31 is mounted in 16 mounting grooves T cut in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the drum 32. In the cross-sectional shape of the mounting groove T, the deep groove T1 and the shallow groove T2 are integrally formed.

The cutting blade 31 is housed and fixed in the deep groove T1 of the groove T in a state where the cutting edge 311 protrudes from the assumed surface 32a of the groove T of the drum 32 by a distance τ. The fixing method is as follows. That is, the bolt B1 is screwed into the screw hole h drilled in the back surface 313 of the cutting blade 31, and the bolt B1 protrudes from the back surface 313 of the cutting blade 31 and its head B1a passes through the side wall T21 of the shallow groove T2. It is adjusted to the state of pressing strongly. As a result, a reaction force F acts on the bolt B1, and the force F strongly presses the surface 312 of the cutting blade 31 against the side wall T1a of the deep groove T1, so that the cutting blade 31 is fixed in the deep groove T1.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b, the side wall T21 has a "<" shape in cross section, and the head B1a of the bolt B1 presses the deep side T21a of the side wall T21 refracted in the "<" shape. However, since the deep side T21a is inclined by a minute angle α with respect to the plane y orthogonal to the center line x of the bolt B1, the bolt B1 is pushed downward by pressing the deep side T21a against the bolt B1. The component force f acts, and this component force f always pushes down the entire cutting blade 31 via the bolt B1, and also acts as a stopper that prevents the bolt B1 from sliding upward. Thus, the cutting blade 31 is more stably fixed in the deep groove T1.

The bolt B <b> 2 in FIG. 9 a is a member for adjusting the distance τ of the projection of the cutting edge 311 from the assumed surface 32 a of the cutting blade 31. That is, the bolt B2 is screwed into the screw hole T1h cut in the bottom surface T1b of the deep groove T1, and the head B2a of the bolt B2 is adjusted to press the end 314 of the cutting blade 31. That is, a space is formed between the end 314 and the bottom surface T1b. By adjusting the projection distance σ from the bottom surface T1b of the head B2a of the bolt B2, the projection distance τ from the assumed surface 32a of the cutting edge 311 of the cutting blade 31 can be changed. That is, if the protrusion distance σ is increased, the protrusion distance τ is increased, and if the protrusion distance σ is decreased, the protrusion distance τ is decreased. Usually, the distance τ is adjusted within a range of 1 to 5 mm.

FIG. 10 shows the state of the screw hole T1h cut in the bottom surface T1b of the deep groove T1. FIG. 11 shows details of the bolt B1 (FIG. 11a) and the bolt B2 (FIG. 11b). The bolt B1 has a hexagonal pyramid head B1a, and the top B1t has a narrow area so that it can be surely brought into contact with and pressed against the deep side T21a of the side wall T21 of the shallow groove T2 (see FIG. 9b). Further, the top B2t of the head B2a of the bolt B2 is disc-shaped and is configured to reliably abut against and support the end 314 of the cutting blade 31 (see FIG. 9a).

FIG. 13 is a developed view showing the arrangement of the 16 cutting blades 31 attached to the drum 32, 32 b represents the left side surface of the drum 32, and 32 c represents the right side surface of the drum 32. The adjacent cutting blades 31 and 31 are mounted so as to be shifted little by little so that the respective grooves t do not overlap in the circumferential direction of the drum 32.

Next, the carry-out unit 4 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the carry-out unit 4 includes a sawdust carry-out unit 41 and a dust carry-out unit 42. The sawdust carry-out section 41 is mainly a belt conveyor 411 provided directly under the cutting section 3, and the sawdust O discharged from the cutting section 3 falls on the belt conveyor 411 and is discharged out of the apparatus. It is configured as follows. The power source of the belt conveyor 411 is not shown.

The dust carry-out part 42 is mainly a dust collection duct 421 provided in front of the cutting part 3, and the dust collection duct 421 is connected to a suction device (not shown) and is generated in the cutting part 3 by negative pressure. Aspirate dust. The sucked dust is returned to the forest as it is when the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A is used in the forest.

Next, the housing 5 will be described. The housing 5 is a cover that covers the main part of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A, and includes a main body 51 and a hood 52 as shown in FIG. The back surface of the main body 51 is open, and constitutes a loading port IN for loading the raw material W. The front surface of the main body 51 is a dust collection duct 421.

Notches 51a and 51b are provided on the left side of the main body 51 of the housing 5, and notches 51c and 51d are provided on the right side. The shaft 2Ax of the presser 2A is provided in the notches 51a and 51c. The shafts 2Bx of the presser portion 2B are provided to the portions 51b and 51d, respectively. In addition, stoppers SP1, SP2, and SP3 are provided between the left and right side surfaces on the top of the housing 5.

Finally, the gantry 6 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the gantry 6 is a metal frame, on which the main part of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A is mounted and fixed. In addition, a belt conveyor 411 of the sawdust discharging unit 41 of the discharging unit 4 is arranged inside the front side of the gantry 6, a motor M2 is arranged inside the rear right side, and a motor M1 is arranged on the upper left side of the intermediate unit. ing.

<Operation of Example 1>
As shown in FIG. 1, the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A of Example 1 inputs the raw material W from the input port IN on the back surface. The input raw material W is transported to the front side (direction D1) by the chain conveyor 11. At this time, when a plurality of anchoring claws C are fixed to the chain conveyor 11, the plurality of anchoring claws C It is hooked and transported more stably.

  Moreover, since the raw material W to be conveyed is pressed downward by the plurality of presser wheels 22 and 25 attached to the presser portions 2A and 2B from above, it does not jump upward. The presser wheel 22 is engaged with a gear 23 fixed to the shaft 2Ax. The shaft 2Ax is driven counterclockwise in FIG. 1 by the motor M1 via the sprocket 2As and the chain 2At (see FIG. 2), and the presser wheel 25 is The shaft 2Bx is engaged with the gear 26 fixed to 2Bx, and is driven counterclockwise in FIG. 1 by the motor M1 via the sprocket 2Bs and the chain 2Bt (see FIG. 2). 1 are driven clockwise in FIG. 1, and the plurality of presser wheels 22 and 25 press the raw material W from above and forcibly convey it in the front direction (D1). That is, the raw material W is forcibly conveyed to the front side while being sandwiched between the chain conveyor 11 and the plurality of pressers 22 and 25. In addition, the presser wheels 22 and 25 are made of metal, and press the jumping of the raw material W by its own weight.

  In addition, there may be a sudden upward force due to repulsion of the raw material W when the raw material W is cut by the cutting unit 3. In this case, as shown in FIG. When the presser wheels 22 and 25 are flipped upward, the support plate 21 on which the presser wheels 22 and 25 are mounted rotates around the shaft 2Ax in the clockwise direction in FIG. 1, or the support plate 24 rotates on the shaft 2Bx. 1, the support plate 21 or 24 immediately turns counterclockwise due to the weight of the presser wheel 22 or 25, and the presser wheel 22 or 25 is placed on the raw material W. It continues to act to fall and press again.

Even when the presser wheel 22 or 25 is strongly bounced up by an abnormal repulsive force, the rotation of the support plate 21 of the presser portion 2A is restricted by the stopper SP2, and the rotation of the support plate 24 of the presser portion 2B is stopped by the stopper. Since it is limited by SP3, the presser wheel 22 or 25 always maintains the action of pressing the raw material W. Further, when the raw material W is completely cut by the cutting unit 3 and the raw material W is no longer on the chain conveyor 11, the downward rotation of the support plate 21 of the presser portion 2A is restricted by the stopper SP1. Since the downward rotation of the support plate 24 of the presser portion 2B is restricted by the stopper SP2, the danger of the presser wheel 22 or 25 colliding with the chain conveyor 11 is avoided.

  The raw material W conveyed as described above is crushed by being bitten between a plurality of cutting blades 31 mounted on the drum 32 and receiving blades 33 with the tip portion thereof entering the cutting portion 3. It becomes powder O and drops on the belt conveyor 411 of the sawdust discharge section 41 of the discharge section 4 and is carried out of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A. Further, the dust P generated in the cutting unit 3 is sucked by a suction device (not shown) via the dust collection duct 421 of the dust discharge unit 42 of the discharge unit 4 and carried out of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A. .

  In the cutting part 3, the driving force of the motor M2 rotates the shaft 321 of the drum 32 clockwise in FIG. 1 via the chain 34 and the sprocket 322, and the cutting blade 31 moves the tip of the raw material W downward from above. To cut. Under the present circumstances, it is possible to change the particle size of the sawdust manufactured by adjustment of each part of the cutting part 3. FIG.

  The first adjustment is made possible by replacing the sprocket 322 mounted on the shaft 321 of the drum 32 with a sprocket (not shown) having a different diameter. That is, if a sprocket 322 having a large diameter is used, the rotation speed of the drum 32 is reduced, and the conveyance speed of the chain conveyor 11 does not change. As a result, the sprocket 322 is manufactured by the cutting blade 31 and the receiving blade 32. However, the particle size of the powder O becomes large. Conversely, if the sprocket 322 has a small diameter, the particle size of the sawdust O becomes small.

In an actual site, when finer sawdust O is desired, the rotation of the shaft 321 is about 1300 to 1500 revolutions per minute, and when rougher sawdust O is desired, the rotation of the shaft 321 is 1 It is used as about 800 to 1000 revolutions per minute. If the rotation of the shaft 321 is set in the middle of both, naturally rough sawdust O can be obtained.

  The second adjustment is performed by changing the protruding state of the cutting edge 311 of the cutting blade 31. That is, it is performed by changing the distance τ of FIG. 9a, and the change of the distance τ is adjusted by changing the protruding state of the bolt B2, that is, the distance σ. In actual sites, the distance τ is set to about 1 to 1.5 millimeters when finer sawdust O is desired, and the distance τ is set to about 3 to 5 millimeters when rough sawdust O is desired. adjust. Naturally rough sawdust O can be obtained if the distance τ is set between the two.

  The third adjustment is performed by adjusting the interval ρ of the groove t cut in the cutting edge 311 of the cutting blade 31. In practice, this means that the cutting blade 31 is replaced with a cutting blade (not shown) having a different interval ρ of the groove t. However, the cutting blade 31 must be removed from the drum 32 and sharpened after the work of one day is completed. Since it must be exchanged at that time, it is performed without any problems. In the actual site, the interval ρ is adjusted to about 2 to 3 millimeters when fine sawdust O is desired, and the interval ρ is adjusted to about 6 to 10 millimeters when rough sawdust O is desired. . Naturally rough sawdust O can be obtained if the interval ρ is in the middle.

<Configuration of Example 2>
As shown in FIG. 14, the sawdust manufacturing apparatus B according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a transport unit 1 that transports the raw material BW, which is bamboo, into the machine, and a presser unit 2 that presses the transported raw material BW. A cutting unit 3 for cutting the raw material BW to produce sawdust, a carry-out unit 4 for carrying out the produced sawdust, a housing 8 for storing the main part, a base 6 and a bamboo material It consists of the presser part 7.

In addition, since the sawdust manufacturing apparatus B of the second embodiment has a configuration in which the pressing portion 7 for bamboo material is added to the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A of the first embodiment, the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment. Parts having the same or substantially the same configuration as A are given the same reference numerals as the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A of the first embodiment. Moreover, in the following description, only the pressing part 7 for bamboo materials which is the part added in the sawdust manufacturing apparatus B of Example 2 is demonstrated. In addition, the housing | casing 8 adds the part for mounting | wearing the press part 7 for bamboo materials to the housing | casing 5 of the sawdust manufacturing apparatus A of Example 1. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 15, the pressing portion 7 includes a support plate 71, a roller 72, a shaft 73, and a chain 74. The support plate 71 has a frame structure in which a left side plate 712 and a right side plate 713 are fixed to a top plate 711. A roller 72 is rotatably provided below the front surface, and a shaft 73 is provided and fixed below the back surface. .

The roller 72 is made of metal, and a plurality of conical claws 722 are implanted on the outer periphery of the main body 721. The claw 722 is also made of metal and has a sharp tip. The shaft 723 of the roller 72 is fixed to the main body 721, the left end is extended, and the sprocket 723 is fitted to that portion. The left end of the shaft 723 is fitted into a notch 712a provided at the lower end of the left plate 712 of the support plate 71, and the right end of the shaft 723 is fitted into a notch 713a provided at the lower end of the right plate 713 of the support plate 71. It is rare.

The left end of the shaft 723 protrudes slightly to the left from the left side plate 712 of the support plate 71, and this part is an arcuate cutout 8 a provided on the rear side of the left side plate 81 a of the main body 81 of the housing 8 (see FIG. 14). ). Further, the right end of the shaft 723 protrudes slightly to the right from the right side plate 713 of the support plate 71, and this portion is an arcuate cutout portion 8 b provided at the rear portion of the right side plate 81 b of the body portion 81 of the housing 8 (see FIG. 14). Therefore, the shaft 723 is provided between the notch 8a of the left side plate 81a and the notch 8b of the right side plate 81b. The shaft 723 is not fixed to the housing 8 in the notches 8a and 8b, but is swingable in an arc shape along the shape of the notches 8a and 8b.

A motor M3 is placed and fixed on the top surface of the top plate 711 as shown in FIGS. When the shaft 723 swings in an arc along the shape of the notches 8a and 8b, the entire support plate 71 naturally swings about the shaft 723. Therefore, the motor M3 placed and fixed on the top plate 711 is also configured to swing in conjunction with it.

<Operation of Example 2>
In the sawdust manufacturing apparatus B of the second embodiment, the raw material BW, which is a bamboo material input from the input port IN, is first strongly pressed downward by the roller 72 of the presser unit 7. At this time, the plurality of claws 722 provided on the roller 72 bite into the surface of the raw material BW and suppress the springing up peculiar to the bamboo material. Further, since the roller 72 is driven clockwise in FIG. 14 by the motor M3 through the sprocket 724, the chain 74, and the sprocket 75, the raw material BW made of bamboo is sandwiched by the action of the chain conveyor 11 and the rotation of the roller 72. It is moved in the direction of the cutting part 3 (direction D1) in the form of being inserted. At this time, the operation of the presser portions 2A and 2B is the same as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, when the chain conveyor 11 has the mooring claw C, the action of the mooring claw C is also added.

The roller 72 has its own weight in itself, but in addition to this, the weight of the frame-shaped support plate 71 and the weight of the motor M3 mounted on the top plate 711 are added, and a considerable load is applied to the bamboo material. Therefore, the jumping of the raw material BW, which is a bamboo material, can be strongly pressed from this point.

  The present invention is able to meet many demands as an apparatus that can easily produce sawdust on the spot today, where protection of forest resources is called out. In other words, the particle size of the sawdust produced can be easily adjusted, so it is very versatile and not only can provide the best sawdust in various fields where sawdust is currently used, but also new However, it also has the possibility of developing the field of using powder.

In addition, it should be noted that not only wood but also bamboo can be used as a raw material. At present, many forests in Japan have been eroded by bamboo forests due to labor shortages, but in such places, bamboo forest management is facilitated by the sawdust manufacturing apparatus of the present invention and cut out. Since bamboo can be used as bamboo sawdust, it will greatly benefit the effective use of bamboo forest resources and bamboo forest management.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conveyance part 11 Chain conveyor 12 Sprocket 13 Sprocket 2 Presser part 21 Support plate 21a Circular hole 21b Circular hole 21c Locking part 22 Presser wheel 23 Gear 24 Support plate 25 Presser wheel 26 Gear 2A Presser part 2As Sprocket 2At Chain 2Au Basic unit 2Ax Shaft 2Ay Shaft 2B Presser 2Bs Sprocket 2Bt Chain 2Bu Basic unit 3 Cutting part 31 Cutting blade 311 Cutting edge 312 Surface 313 Back 314 End 32 Drum 321 Shaft 32a Assumed surface 32b Left side 32c Right side 322 Sprocket 33 34 Numeral 41 Soil powder unloading section 411 Belt conveyor 42 Dust unloading section 421 Dust collection duct 5 Housing 51 Main body 51a Notch 51b Notch 51c Notch 51d Notch 51e Notch 51f Notch Part 52 hood part 6 base 7 holding part 71 support plate 711 top plate 712 left side plate 712a notch part 713 right side plate 713a notch part 72 roller 721 main body 722 claw 723 axis 724 sprocket 73 axis 8 casing 8a notch part 8a notch part 8b notch part Body portion 81a Left side plate 81b Right side plate A Sawdust production device B Sawdust production device B1 Bolt B1a Head B1t Top B2 Bolt B2a Head B2t Top BW Raw material C Mooring claw D1 Direction F force IN Input port M1 Motor M2 Motor M3 Motor O Saw dust P Dust SP1 Stopper SP2 Stopper SP3 Stopper T Mounting groove T1 Deep groove T1a Side wall T1b Bottom surface T1h Screw hole T2 Shallow groove T21 Side wall T21a Deep side W Raw material f Component force h Screw hole t Line Plane z direction α small angle ρ interval σ distance τ distance

Claims (2)

A transport unit that transports the raw material into the apparatus, a presser unit that presses the transported raw material, a cutting unit that cuts the raw material to produce sawdust, and an unloader that transports the manufactured sawdust Part, housing to store the main part, and base,
In the presser part, there is provided a presser wheel that can rotate in the raw material transport direction at the part that abuts the raw material and can swing up and down.
In the cutting part, a plurality of recesses are cut in parallel to the rotation axis in the drum part of the rotating drum, and a cutting blade having an extension shorter than the length in the axial direction of the drum part is provided in each recess. It is fixed in a state where the blade edge protrudes within the range of 1 to 5 mm from the surface of the part,
In the cutting blade, a plurality of grooves perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade are cut at intervals of 2 to 10 millimeters,
Each cutting blade is fixed to the recess, and a space is provided between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade so that the distance between the bottom of the recess and the end of the cutting blade can be adjusted. And
The cutting blades are fixed by shifting the grooves between adjacent cutting blades so that the cut grooves are not aligned on the same circumference in the circumferential direction of the drum,
The rotating shafts provided on both side plates of the housing are rotated by the power transmitted from the drive source, the small gear is fixed to the rotating shaft, and one end of a substantially triangular support plate is pivotally attached to the rotating shaft. A presser wheel, which is a large gear meshing with a gear fixed to the rotating shaft, is pivotally attached to the other end of the support plate, and the remaining end of the support plate is projected to form a hook-shaped locking portion. Having a presser part configured to be locked to a stopper provided on the upper part of both side plates of the body,
The power source that supplies power for rotating the transport means of the transport unit and the presser wheel of the presser unit is the same first power source, and the power source that supplies power for rotating the drum of the cutting unit is the first power source. A second power source different from the power source is used ,
Sawdust production equipment. The presser portion has a bamboo presser wheel for pressing the sliding of the bamboo material, and the presser wheel for bamboo material has a cylindrical main body with a plurality of pins with pointed tips, The vehicle is rotated by a third power source different from the first power source and the second power source,
The shaft of the bamboo presser wheel is fitted into a support plate having a frame structure, and the third power source is mounted and fixed on the top plate of the support plate. The plate is swung, and the third power source is also swung.
The sawdust manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1.

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