JP4537777B2 - Rotating tool clutch device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a clutch device for a rotary tool used in a lathe or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of rotating tools 3 holding a cutter 2 are attached to a turret 1 of a lathe. The transmission shaft 4 of each rotary tool 3 protrudes toward the center of the turret 1, and a drive shaft 5 that transmits power to the transmission shaft 4 of the rotary tool 3 is provided at the center of the turret 1. The transmission shaft 4 of the rotary tool 3 can be engaged and disengaged dynamically with a drive shaft 5 on the lathe body side via a clutch device 6.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the clutch device 6 has a groove 7 formed at the tip of the drive shaft 5 of the lathe and a tenon-like protrusion 8 formed at the tip of the transmission shaft 4 in the rotary tool 3. When the turret 1 turns and the projection 8 of the desired rotary tool 3 fits into the groove 7 of the drive shaft 5, the rotary tool 3 is motively connected to the drive shaft 5. The rotation of the drive shaft 5 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 4 by the engagement between the groove 7 and the protrusion 8, and is transmitted to the blade 2 through a transmission mechanism such as bevel gears 9a and 9b. Predetermined machining is performed on the workpiece (not shown) by the rotation of the blade 2. When using another blade, the turret 1 turns when the drive shaft 5 is stopped, the protrusion 8 on the previous rotary tool 3 is detached from the groove 7 on the drive shaft 5, and the protrusion on the next rotary tool. 8 is fitted in the groove 7 of the drive shaft 5, and the rotary tool is motively connected to the drive shaft 5. Then, the rotation of the drive shaft 5 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 4 by the engagement of the groove 7 and the protrusion 8, and is transmitted to the blade 2 through a transmission mechanism such as bevel gears 9a and 9b. The cutting tool 2 performs other processing on the workpiece.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a gap δ is formed between the groove 7 and the protrusion 8 in the clutch device in order to smoothly engage and disengage both. However, due to the presence of this gap δ, vibration during machining may occur. Further, there may be a case where a larger vibration is generated by the double vibration caused by the backlash of the bevel gears 9 a and 9 b and the gap δ of the clutch device 6. This vibration causes noise, heat generation, wear, and deterioration of processing accuracy.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide means for reducing vibrations generated in a clutch device.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a tenon-like projection (8) on one of the drive shaft (5) of the machine tool and the transmission shaft (4) of the rotary tool (3a, 3b). In the clutch device of the rotary tool having the groove (7) in which the protrusion (8) is detachably fitted on the other side, both flat surfaces (8a, 8b) of the protrusion (8) and the groove (7 The rotary tool clutch device in which the elastic body (19) that enters the gap (δ) between the opposing walls (7a, 7b) of the rotating tool is attached to the protrusion (8) or the groove (7) is employed.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is provided with protrusions (19a, 19b) on both flat surfaces (8a, 8b) of the protrusion (8). (19) adopts a rotary tool clutch device fixed to the protrusion (8).

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the clutch device according to the second aspect, the protrusions (19a, 19b) are symmetrical with respect to the axis (4a) of the drive shaft (5) or the transmission shaft (4). As a rotary tool clutch device arranged symmetrically.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, the elastic body (19) enters the gap (δ) between the two flat surfaces (8a, 8b) of the protrusion (8) and the opposing walls (7a, 7b) of the groove (7). Therefore, the rotation of the drive shaft (5) of the machine tool is smoothly transmitted to the transmission shaft (4) of the rotary tools (3a, 3b), and vibration is reduced. Therefore, noise, heat generation, wear and the like are reduced, and processing accuracy is improved.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2, an elastic body (19) can be mounted | worn easily.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, a vibration can be reduced appropriately irrespective of the forward rotation and reverse rotation of a drive shaft (5) and a transmission shaft (4).

  The best mode for carrying out the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of rotary tools 3a and 3b are attached to a peripheral wall portion of a turret 1 of a lathe that is a machine tool. The turret 1 can turn around its central axis 10. As the turret 1 turns, a desired rotary tool 3a or 3b on the peripheral wall approaches or separates from a workpiece (not shown). A drive shaft 5 is provided in the turret 1 from the central shaft 10 toward the peripheral wall portion, and power from a drive source (not shown) of the lathe is transmitted to the drive shaft 5. A guide rail 11 fixed to the lathe body side is annularly arranged at the center of the turret 1. The end of the drive shaft 5 enters a notch 11 a formed in a part of the guide rail 11.

  The rotary tools 3 a and 3 b include a housing 12 that is fixed to the turret 1. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 13 denotes a bolt for fixing the housing 12 to the turret 1. In the housing 12, the transmission shaft 4 that can be connected to the drive shaft 5 in a power manner is rotatably supported via various bearings 14. The starting end of the transmission shaft 4 projects out of the housing 12 and extends toward the guide rail 11. The terminal end of the transmission shaft 4 is motively connected to a spindle 15 which is an output shaft via bevel gears 9a and 9b which are transmission mechanisms. The spindle 15 is disposed in a direction orthogonal to the transmission shaft 4 and is rotatably supported on the housing 12 via various bearings 16. A collet chuck 17 is attached to the spindle 15, and the blade 2 detachably held by the collet chuck 17 projects from the side surface of the housing 12.

  The spindle 15 may be omitted, and the collet chuck 17 and the blade 2 may be attached to the transmission shaft 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a clutch device 18 is provided for connecting and disconnecting the transmission shaft 4 of the rotary tools 3a and 3b to and from the drive shaft 5 on the lathe side.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the clutch device 18 has a tenon-like projection 8 formed at the start end of the transmission shaft 4 and the projection 8 formed at the end of the drive shaft 5 detachably fitted. And a groove 7 to be fitted. The tenon-like projection 8 is formed at the shaft end of the transmission shaft 4 as a plate piece extending in the diameter direction. The groove 7 is formed at the shaft end of the drive shaft 5 so as to extend in the diameter direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the projection 8 of the transmission shaft 4 in all the rotary tools 3 a and 3 b is fitted in the annular groove 11 b of the guide rail 11 in the turret 1. For this reason, when the turret 1 turns, the protrusion 8 of the transmission shaft 4 always moves in a constant posture. On the other hand, when the rotation of the drive shaft 5 is stopped, the groove 7 is controlled so that the groove 7 can be aligned with the projection 8 of the transmission shaft 4 in the guide rail 11. When the drive shaft 5 is stopped and the turret 1 is turned, the transmission shaft 4 of all the rotary tools 3a and 3b slides in the annular groove 11b of the guide rail 11, and as shown in FIGS. When 3 a reaches the end of the drive shaft 5, the protrusion 8 of the rotary tool 3 a is fitted into the groove 7 of the drive shaft 5.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a gap δ is formed between the groove 7 and the protrusion 8 in the clutch device 6 in order to smoothly engage and disengage both. In order to prevent this, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, in the clutch device 18 of this embodiment, both the flat surfaces 8 a and 8 b of the protrusion 8 and the opposing wall of the groove 7 An elastic body 19 that enters the gap between 7 a and 7 b is attached to the protrusion 8.

  The elastic body 19 is fixed to the protrusion 8 so that the protrusions 19 a and 19 b are provided on both flat surfaces 8 a and 8 b of the protrusion 8. Specifically, the elastic body 19 is formed in a cylindrical shape using an elastic material such as resin or rubber, and the protrusion 8 is inserted into the hole 20 penetrating between the flat surfaces 8a and 8b. It is attached. The elastic body 19 is fixed to the hole 20 by press-fitting or using an adhesive or the like, and its both ends protrude as projecting portions 19a and 19b on both flat surfaces 8a and 8b of the projection 8, as shown in FIG. Attached to. Thus, as shown in FIG. 4, when the protrusion 8 of the transmission shaft 4 enters the groove 7 of the drive shaft 5, the protruding portions 19 a and 19 b of the elastic body 19 abut against the opposing walls 7 a and 7 b of the groove 7, respectively. Thus, the flat surfaces 8 a and 8 b of the protrusion 8 are prevented from coming into direct contact with the opposing walls 7 a and 7 b of the groove 7. Note that only the portions corresponding to the protruding portions 19a and 19b may be formed as elastic bodies and bonded to the flat surfaces 8a and 8b of the protrusions 8.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the elastic body 19 is fixed to the protrusion 8 of the transmission shaft 4 so that the protruding portions 19 a and 19 a protrude symmetrically with the axis 4 a of the transmission shaft 4 as the axis of symmetry. Thereby, the vibration is reduced regardless of whether the drive shaft 5 and the transmission shaft 4 are rotated forward or backward.

  Next, the operation of the clutch device configured as described above will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the projection 8 of the transmission shaft 4 of the rotary tool 3a to be machined fits into the groove 7 of the drive shaft 5, and the projection 8 of the transmission shaft 4 of the other rotary tool 3b. Is fitted in the annular groove 11 b of the guide rail 11 in the turret 1.

  When the predetermined machining is completed, the drive shaft 5 and the transmission shaft 4 stop rotating. At that time, the grooves 7 and the protrusions 8 of both the shafts 5 and 4 stop in the notch portion 11a of the guide rail 11 in a direction matching the annular groove 11b.

  The turret 1 starts to turn, and the projection 8 of the transmission shaft 4 in the rotary tool 3a engaged in the previous machining is detached from the groove 7 of the drive shaft 5 and fitted into the annular groove 11b of the guide rail 11. Further, when the projection 8 of the transmission shaft 4 of the rotary tool 3b engaged in the next machining slides in the annular groove 11b of the guide rail 11 and is detached from the annular groove 11b and fitted into the groove 7 of the drive shaft 5. The turret 1 stops. Thereby, the transmission shaft 4 of the desired rotary tool 3b is motively connected to the drive shaft 5 of the lathe. When the drive shaft 5 rotates, power is transmitted to the blade 2 through the clutch device 18, the transmission shaft 4, the bevel gears 9a and 9b, and the spindle 15, and the blade 2 performs desired machining on a workpiece (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the transmission shaft 4 is motively connected to the drive shaft 5, the protrusions 19 a and 19 b of the elastic body 19 are connected to the flat surfaces 8 a and 8 b of the protrusion 8 and the opposing wall 7 a of the groove 7. , 7b. During the rotation of the drive shaft 5 and the transmission shaft 4, the protrusions 19 a and 19 b of the elastic body 19 abut against the opposing walls 7 a and 7 b of the groove 7, respectively, and the flat surfaces 8 a and 8 b of the protrusion 8 and the opposing walls 7 a and 7 of the groove 7 Before the direct contact with 7b, the elastic body 19 absorbs energy while elastically deforming in the gap δ, weakens the force when the flat surfaces 8a, 8b and the opposing walls 7a, 7b contact, and absorbs vibration. . Further, double vibration due to the gap δ and the backlash of the bevel gears 9a and 9b shown in FIG. 2 is reduced. Thereby, rotation of the drive shaft 5 is smoothly transmitted to the transmission shaft 4 of the rotary tool 3b, noise and the like are reduced, and machining accuracy is improved.

  The elastic body 19 is fixed to the projection 8 of the transmission shaft 4 so that the projecting portions 19a and 19b project symmetrically with the shaft core 4a of the transmission shaft 4 as the symmetry axis, so that the drive shaft 5 and the transmission shaft 4 are Even in the case of reverse rotation, vibration is absorbed.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in each of the above embodiments, the projection is provided on the transmission shaft and the groove is provided on the drive shaft. However, the projection is provided on the drive shaft and the groove is provided on the transmission shaft. You may make it provide in. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although an elastic body is attached to protrusion, it is also possible to attach on the opposing wall of a groove | channel.

It is an elevational view showing a clutch device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion IV in FIG. 2. It is a top view of the starting end of a transmission shaft. In FIG. 5, it is a VI-VI arrow directional cross-sectional view. It is an elevational view showing a conventional clutch device.

Explanation of symbols

3a, 3b ... rotating tool 4 ... transmission shaft 4a ... shaft core 5 ... drive shaft 7 ... groove 7a, 7b ... opposing wall 8 ... projection 8a, 8b ... flat surface 18 ... clutch device 19 ... elastic body 19a, 19b ... projection

Claims (3)

  In a rotary tool clutch device having a tenon-like projection on one of a drive shaft of a machine tool and a transmission shaft of a rotary tool and a groove into which the projection is removably fitted, the projection of the projection A clutch device for a rotary tool, characterized in that an elastic body that enters a gap between both flat surfaces and the opposing wall of the groove is attached to the protrusion or groove.   2. The rotary tool clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is fixed to the protrusion so as to have protrusions on both flat surfaces of the protrusion.   3. The rotary tool clutch device according to claim 2, wherein the protrusions are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the drive shaft or the transmission shaft as a symmetry axis.

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