JP4528084B2 - Cargo lifting device and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevating apparatus and method for elevating and lowering cargo between a plurality of floors, and more particularly, to an elevating apparatus and method for elevating and lowering cargo having an upper portion protruding outward from a grounding portion. .

  Conventionally, a lifting device (elevator) has been used to lift and lower cargo between a plurality of floors in ships, warehouses and the like.

  The lifting device includes a lifting platform for placing cargo and driving means for lifting the lifting platform, and allows the floor of each floor to pass the lifting platform and cargo placed thereon. For this purpose, an opening is formed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2002-37183 A JP 2002-154476 A

  By the way, depending on the cargo, when viewed from above, there is a cargo whose upper portion protrudes outward from the grounding portion (that is, the lower end portion) with respect to the ground or the like. For example, helicopters and aircraft have shapes in which upper members such as the body, rotor blades, and wings protrude outward from the grounding portions (each grounding wheel).

  Here, since the lifting platform is for placing cargo, it can function as long as it has an area that can carry the grounding part of the cargo as a minimum, but the opening formed on the floor of each floor Since it is intended to allow the passage of cargo, it must be formed in accordance with the projected area of the cargo (projected area with respect to the horizontal projection plane). Therefore, in order to reduce the gap between the opening and the lifting platform, the lifting platform has to be enlarged according to the shape and size of the opening. In other words, the shape and size of the lifting platform must be designed according to the projected shape and area of the cargo.

  However, since the power (energy consumption) required for raising and lowering the cargo is determined by the weight of the cargo and the weight of the lifting platform, the lifting platform should be made as small as possible to reduce its weight and reduce energy consumption. Was desired.

  Moreover, since the opening part formed in each floor becomes a dead space which cannot be used as a floor, it was desired to make this opening part as small as possible to increase the effective area of each floor.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is an elevating apparatus and method for elevating and lowering cargo having an upper part that protrudes outward from the grounding part, in order to solve the above-described problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevating apparatus and method capable of enlarging the effective area.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an elevating device for elevating and lowering cargo having an upper portion protruding outward from a grounding portion between a plurality of floors, which is formed on a floor other than the lowest floor. An opening through which the cargo can pass, and can be moved up and down between the floors through the opening, and is larger than the ground contact portion of the cargo, and when the cargo is placed, A lifting platform formed in such a size that the portion protrudes to the outside, and a movement provided to open and close a portion of the opening located outside the lifting platform on the floor other than the lowest floor And a floor.

  Here, the opening may have an area larger than a projected area of the cargo, and the lifting platform may have a placement area smaller than the projected area of the cargo.

  The movable floor is connected to the floor of the floor so as to be movable relative to the floor, and the movable floor is moved relative to the floor so that the movable floor is located outside the lifting platform in the opening. There may be further provided an actuator for moving between a closed position for closing the portion to be positioned and an open position for opening the portion.

  The moving floor is connected to be relatively movable in parallel with the floor of the floor, and the actuator moves the moving floor outside the opening to move the moving floor to the open position. The movable floor may be positioned at the closed position by being positioned and projecting the movable floor toward the opening.

  Alternatively, the movable floor is connected to the floor of the floor so as to be rotatable relative to the floor, and the actuator rotates the movable floor to a position substantially perpendicular to the floor to position the movable floor in the open position. The movable floor may be positioned at the closed position by rotating the movable floor to a position substantially parallel to the floor.

  Moreover, you may further provide the lifting platform storage part formed in the floor of the floor of the lowest floor and formed in the magnitude | size which can accommodate the said lifting platform.

  Furthermore, the present invention is for placing a cargo having an upper portion protruding outward from the grounding portion on a lifting platform that is larger than the grounding portion of the cargo and smaller than the upper portion, and moves up and down between a plurality of floors. The raising / lowering method is for raising and lowering the cargo by opening and closing only the portion of the floor other than the lowest floor that protrudes from the elevator platform.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, size reduction of an elevator stand can be achieved and the effective area of each floor can be expanded.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the lifting device of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a top view thereof.

  As described in the column “Problems to be Solved by the Invention”, the elevating device 10 of the present embodiment is configured so that cargo C including an upper portion Cb that protrudes outward from the grounding portion Ca when viewed from above is a plurality of floors. It is for raising and lowering (here the first floor and the second floor). More specifically, the lifting device 10 of the present embodiment is provided on a ship, and is for lifting a helicopter (cargo C) between a deck (first floor) and a garage (second floor). .

  FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show a helicopter (hereinafter referred to as cargo C) that is an object to be lifted, but the important thing here is that the cargo C has a grounding portion Ca located at the lower end thereof. The upper portion Cb has a larger area (a portion obtained by adding a portion indicated by cross hatching and a portion indicated by diagonal lines in FIG. 2) than an area (portion indicated by cross hatching in FIG. 2). The upper portion Cb has a shape protruding outward from the grounding portion Ca.

  The lifting device 10 of the present embodiment that lifts and lowers the cargo C having such a shape passes through an opening 13 formed on a floor 12 of a floor other than the lowest floor (here, the first floor), and the opening 13. And a movable floor 15 provided at a position adjacent to the opening 13 in the floor 12 of the floor other than the lowest floor (here, the first floor). And a lifting platform storage portion 17 formed on the floor 16 of the lowest floor (here, the second floor).

  The opening 13 is for allowing the cargo C placed on the lifting platform 11 to pass through the floor 12 of the first floor, and the opening area is the projected area of the cargo C (with respect to the horizontal projection plane). Slightly larger than the projected area).

  The elevator 11 can move up and down between the first floor and the second floor through the opening 13 and is lifted and lowered by a driving device (not shown). This type of drive device can be applied to any type known at present, but here, a wire connected to the four corners of the lift 11, a winch that winds or feeds the wire, and the lift 11. It consists of a guide that guides in the vertical direction.

  It should be noted that the elevator 11 is larger than the ground contact portion Ca of the cargo C, and when the cargo C is placed thereon, a part of the cargo C as viewed from above (a part of the upper part Cb). Is formed in such a size that it protrudes outside the edge of the lifting platform 11. Specifically, the lifting platform 11 of this embodiment has an area of the placement surface 11a larger than the area of the ground contact portion Ca of the cargo C and the projected area of the cargo C (here, equal to the area of the upper portion Cb). Is formed smaller. In the present embodiment, the area of the mounting surface 11a of the lifting platform 11 is slightly larger than the area of the ground contact portion Ca of the cargo C. Note that the area of the lifting platform 11 of the present embodiment is constant in the height direction.

  The movable floor 15 is for opening and closing a portion 20 (hereinafter, simply referred to as the outer portion 20) located outside the lifting platform 11 in the opening 13, and is moved relative to the floor 12 of the first floor. Connected as possible. More specifically, the moving floor 15 is connected to the floor 12 via an actuator (here, a cylinder 19). By extending and contracting the rod of the cylinder 19, the moving floor 15 follows a guide (not shown). And move in a direction substantially parallel to the floor 12.

  When the rod of the cylinder 19 is extended, the movable floor 15 protrudes from the end of the floor 12 toward the opening 13 and closes the outer portion 20 (see FIG. 1). This position is called a closed position. On the other hand, when the rod of the cylinder 19 is retracted, the entire movable floor 15 is accommodated inside the floor 12 and positioned outside the opening 13 (see FIG. 3A). Thereby, the outer portion 20 is opened. This position is called an open position.

  The lifting platform storage portion 17 is formed on the floor 16 of the lowest floor (here, the second floor) and is designed to have a size that can accommodate the lifting platform 11. Specifically, the opening / closing base storage portion 17 is formed such that the opening area is larger than the area of the mounting surface 11 a of the lifting base 11 and smaller than the opening area of the opening 13. In the present embodiment, the opening area of the lifting platform storage part 17 is slightly larger than the area of the mounting surface 11 a of the lifting platform 11, and the cargo C placed on the lifting platform 11 is viewed from above. It is formed in a size such that a part thereof protrudes outside the edge of the lifting platform storage portion 17. In addition, the depth of the lifting platform storage part 17 is formed slightly larger than the thickness of the lifting platform 11.

  Next, the raising / lowering method of the cargo C by this raising / lowering apparatus 10 is demonstrated using FIGS. 1-3. Here, an example will be described in which cargo C (helicopter) located on the first floor (deck) is lowered to the second floor (ship). When the cargo C is not lifted or lowered, the moving floor 15 is basically held in the closed position. The lifting platform 11 is positioned in the opening 13 of the first floor, and its mounting surface 11a is flush with the upper surface 12a of the floor 12 (see FIG. 1).

  When unloading the cargo C, first, as shown in FIG. 1, the cargo C is placed in a predetermined orientation on a predetermined position of the lifting platform 11 located on the first floor. The predetermined position and the predetermined direction referred to here are a position and an orientation such that the portion X protruding outward from the elevator 11 in the upper part Cb of the cargo C is positioned above the moving floor 15 of the first floor. . In this embodiment, since the cargo C is a helicopter, the helicopter is landed on the lifting platform 11 at the position and orientation as described above.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3A, the rod of the cylinder 19 is retracted to move the moving bed 15 to the open position and hold at that position. As a result, the outer portion 20 of the opening 13 of the first floor is opened and the opening 13 is fully opened, so that the cargo C can be lowered from the first floor to the second floor through the opening 13.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the elevator 11 is lowered by a driving device (not shown), and the elevator 11 and the cargo C placed thereon are lowered to the second floor through the opening 13. At this time, the elevator 11 is accommodated in an elevator storage 17 formed on the floor 16 of the second floor, and the mounting surface 11 a of the elevator 11 is flush with the upper surface 16 a of the floor 16.

  On the other hand, if the cargo C passes through the opening 13 of the first floor, as shown in FIG. 3C, the rod of the cylinder 19 is extended to move the movable floor 15 to the closed position, and at that position. Hold. Thereby, the outer portion 20 of the opening 13 is closed again.

  By the above, the descent operation of the cargo C is completed. After that, if the cargo C is transported from the lifting platform 11 to a predetermined position, only the lifting platform 11 is raised, and the mounting surface 11a of the lifting platform 11 is moved to the first position. It is flush with the upper surface 12a of the floor 12 of one floor.

  In addition, when raising the cargo C from the 2nd floor to the 1st floor, a series of work mentioned above will be performed conversely.

  Thus, in the cargo lifting method by the lifting device 10 of the present embodiment, the cargo C is placed on the lifting platform 11 that is larger than the grounding portion Ca and smaller than the upper portion Cb, and the floor of a floor other than the lowest floor is used. 12, the cargo C is raised and lowered by opening and closing only the portion of the cargo C that protrudes from the lifting platform 11.

  As described above, the lifting device 10 of the present embodiment is designed so that only the shape and size of the opening 13 are matched to the projected shape and projected area of the cargo C, and the size of the lifting platform 11 is the grounding portion of the cargo C. It is designed according to Ca. Then, except when the cargo C passes through each floor, the space (the outer portion 20) between the opening 13 and the lifting platform 11 can be closed by the movable floor 15.

  According to the lifting device 10, it is not necessary to adjust the size of the lifting platform 11 to the size of the opening 13. Therefore, the lifting platform 11 can be reduced in size and weight, and is required for a driving device that lifts and lowers the lifting platform 11. Power (energy consumption) can be reduced.

  Further, when the cargo C does not pass through the first floor, the outside portion 20 of the opening 13 of the first floor can be closed with the moving floor 15 and used as a floor, so that the effective area of the first floor can be increased. That is, in the conventional lifting device, all the parts corresponding to the projected area of the cargo C become dead space, but in the lifting device 10 of the present embodiment, only the part corresponding to the ground contact portion Ca of the cargo C is dead space. Thus, the outer part can be used as a floor by being closed by the moving floor 15. That is, a part of the portion corresponding to the projected area of the cargo C can be used as an effective space.

  Further, by holding the movable floor 15 in the closed position when the elevator 11 is located on the first floor, the elevator 11 and the movable floor 15 can be used as the floor of the first floor, Since the gap with the elevator 11 becomes small, it is possible to prevent members from falling from the gap.

  The passage of the cargo C through the first floor can be achieved without any problem by moving the movable floor 15 to the open position.

  Furthermore, according to the lifting apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the effective area of the lowest floor (second floor) can be increased. That is, since the lifting platform storage part 17 formed on the second floor is designed according to the shape and size of the lifting platform 11, the lifting platform 10 of the present embodiment capable of reducing the size of the lifting platform 11 stores the lifting platform. The part 17 can also be reduced in size, and the effective area of the second floor can be increased accordingly.

  In the lifting device 10 of this embodiment, the lifting and lowering of the lifting platform 11 and the movement of the moving floor 15 may be controlled by independent control systems or may be controlled in conjunction with each other. .

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the lifting device provided in the ship has been described as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to a lifting device provided in a land warehouse or the like.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the raising / lowering apparatus which raises / lowers a cargo between two floors was shown, of course, it is applicable also to the type which raises / lowers between three or more floors. In that case, the opening 13 and the movable floor 15 may be provided on a plurality of floors other than the lowermost floor, and the lifting platform storage section 17 may be formed on the lowermost floor.

  Further, the cargo to be lifted / lowered is not limited to a helicopter, and can be applied to the lifting / lowering of any cargo as long as it has an upper portion protruding outward from the grounding portion such as an aircraft.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the area of the mounting surface 11a of the raising / lowering stand 11 was made smaller than the projection area of the cargo C, this invention is not limited in this point, When the cargo C is mounted, the cargo C Any size and shape may be used so that a part of the protrusion protrudes outward.

  Further, the drive device for raising and lowering the lifting platform 11 is not limited to the wire and the winch, and any type of drive device using a pantograph can be applied.

  Furthermore, the structure of the movable floor 15 is shown as an example, and is not intended to limit the present invention. For example, the movable floor 15 may slide on the floor 12 of the first floor and move to the closed position. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, an actuator (cylinder 23 in the example) for rotating the movable floor 15 while connecting the movable floor 15 to the end of the floor 12 via a hinge 22 so as to be relatively rotatable. May be provided between the floor 12 and the movable floor 15. In this example, the position where the rod of the cylinder 23 is extended so that the movable floor 15 is substantially parallel to the floor 12 (the position indicated by the solid line in the figure) is the closed position, and the rod of the cylinder 23 is retracted and moved. A position (a position indicated by a dotted line in the figure) where the floor 15 is rotated downward to be substantially perpendicular to the floor 12 is an open position. Note that a position where the movable floor 15 is rotated vertically upward with respect to the floor 12 may be set as the open position.

  In addition, when the movable floor 15 is positioned at the closed position, it is not always necessary to close all the portions of the opening 13 that are located outside the elevator 11, and only a part of the portions is closed. Also good.

  The actuators 19 and 23 for moving the moving floor 15 may be other than the cylinder, or the moving floor 15 may be moved manually.

  Alternatively, the movable floor 15 may be detachable from the floor 12, the state attached to the floor 12 may be the closed position, and the state removed may be the open position. At this time, the moving floor 15 may be attached / detached manually or using an apparatus such as a crane.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the movable floor 15 is provided only on one side of the opening 13. However, the present invention is not limited in this respect, and a plurality of movable floors 15 may be provided adjacent to the opening 13. good. That is, the shape, size, number, etc. of the movable floor 15 can be arbitrarily designed according to the shape of the cargo C to be lifted and lowered.

It is side surface sectional drawing of the raising / lowering apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the raising / lowering apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the raising / lowering method of the cargo by the raising / lowering apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a moving floor and a means to move it.

Explanation of symbols

10 Lifting device 11 Lifting platform 12 Floor (first floor)
13 opening 15 moving floor 16 floor (second floor)
17 Lifting platform storage part C Cargo Ca Grounding part Cb Upper part

Claims (7)

An elevating device for elevating cargo between a plurality of floors with an upper portion protruding outward from the grounding portion,
An opening formed on the floor of a floor other than the lowest floor, through which the cargo can pass;
It is possible to move up and down between the floors through the opening, and is larger than a grounding portion of the cargo, and is sized so that a part of the cargo protrudes outside when the cargo is placed. A lifting platform,
A cargo elevating apparatus comprising: a moving floor provided on a floor of a floor other than the lowermost floor and for opening and closing a portion of the opening located outside the elevator platform. The opening is formed with an area larger than the projected area of the cargo,
The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting platform has a placement area smaller than a projected area of the cargo. The moving floor is connected to the floor of the floor so as to be movable relative to the floor,
The movable floor is moved relative to the floor, and the movable floor is between a closed position for closing a portion of the opening located outside the lifting platform and an open position for opening the portion. The cargo elevating device according to claim 1, further comprising an actuator for moving the actuator. The movable floor is connected to be relatively movable in parallel with the floor of the floor,
The actuator moves the moving floor to the outside of the opening to position the moving floor at the open position, and causes the moving floor to protrude toward the opening to move the moving floor to the closed position. The cargo elevating device according to claim 3, which is located at a position. The moving floor is connected to the floor of the floor so as to be relatively rotatable,
The actuator rotates the movable floor to a position substantially perpendicular to the floor to position the movable floor in the open position, and rotates the movable floor to a position substantially parallel to the floor. 4. The cargo lifting / lowering apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cargo is placed in the closed position.   The cargo lifting / lowering device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a lifting / lowering base storage portion formed on a floor of a lowermost floor and having a size capable of accommodating the lifting / lowering base. A lifting method for placing a cargo having an upper portion protruding outward from a grounding portion on a lifting platform that is larger than the grounding portion of the cargo and smaller than the upper portion and lifts the cargo between a plurality of floors. And
A method for elevating and lowering a cargo, wherein the floor of a floor other than the lowest floor is opened and closed only by a portion projecting from the elevator platform of the cargo.

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