JP4526047B2 - Strength enhancer - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4526047B2
JP4526047B2 JP28978195A JP28978195A JP4526047B2 JP 4526047 B2 JP4526047 B2 JP 4526047B2 JP 28978195 A JP28978195 A JP 28978195A JP 28978195 A JP28978195 A JP 28978195A JP 4526047 B2 JP4526047 B2 JP 4526047B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
arginine
physical strength
glutamine
strength enhancer
protein
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JP28978195A
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JPH09124473A (en
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牧裕 菅原
則文 佐藤
正 井戸田
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Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd
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Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、アルギニンを必須成分とし、さらにグルタミン、ヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドよりなる群から選択される1種以上の成分を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする体力増強剤に関する。詳しくは、固形100g当たりアルギニンを3g以上、グルタミンを3〜95g以上を含有するか、或いはアルギニンを3g以上、グルタミンを3g以上、ヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドを0.05〜1gを含有することを特徴とする体力増強剤に関する。さらにはこれらを配合した栄養組成物に関する。本発明は、乳幼児の体力増強、運動能力向上に有効である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、運動生理学や栄養生理学等の分野において、持久力や筋力、運動能力等体力の向上を目的とした食事指導が各種スポーツ選手に行われるようになってきている。例えば、蛋白質は筋力の強化に必要であり、脂肪や炭水化物は重要なエネルギー源である。さらに骨強化にはカルシウム摂取が必要であり、ヘモグロビンの構成成分である鉄は、酸素の体内輸送に極めて重要な役割を果たしている。例えば、高脂肪食によってエネルギー産生能が向上し、効率の良いエネルギー代謝の確立を促すことができること、特に単価不飽和脂肪酸の有効性が報告されており(屋代、月刊フードケミカル1993-6、38、1993)、或いは高蛋白摂取時に高い運動能力が得られたとする報告(Wishrartら、J.Physiol.,Vol.82,p189(1934))もある。しかしながら、これらの報告はエネルギー消費の激しい運動選手を対象としたものであり、機能の未熟な乳幼児に適応できるものではなかった。
【0003】
体力は、例えば俊敏性や筋力などに代表される運動能力と、筋持久力や全身持久性など健康に関する体力に分類できるといわれている(殖田友子、小児科診療、1994年・11号、1993)。運動能力の向上には、適切な栄養摂取と適度な運動が必要なことはいうまでもないが、乳幼児では、運動を行えない場合も十分にあり得る。このような人々に対しては、消化吸収性の良いペプチドやアミノ酸を用いた経腸栄養剤、或いは点滴により栄養補給を行う高カロリー輸液が栄養法として広く用いられているが、とくに体力、運動能力の回復を意図したものではないし、乳児を対象とする体力増強法については、全く知られていない。しかし、乳幼児にこそ、体力或いは運動能力を速やかに回復ないし獲得することを促す体力増強剤の開発が望まれていた。
【0004】
さらに近年、様々な成分が、免疫能や代謝機能の調節に関与することが知られるようになり、各種栄養剤に利用されるようになってきた。例えばアルギニンは、乳児にとって準必須アミノ酸といわれる成分であり、体内では蛋白質が代謝されて生成する有毒なアンモニアを解毒するのに必要であるほか、ポリアミンの前駆物質としても機能すること、筋肉代謝に関与すること、体内で窒素利用効率改善効果のあること及び免疫賦活作用等が知られている。このような機能に着目して、アルギニンを配合した乳児用調製粉乳に関する特許が出願されている(特開昭61-192245 号)が、アルギニンと体力の関係は知られていない。
【0005】
又、グルタミンは骨格筋アミノ酸プールの50〜60%、血漿アミノ酸プールの約20%を占めるアミノ酸であり、小腸上皮細胞では主要なエネルギー源であるといわれている。又、グルタミン欠乏は腸管萎縮の原因ともいわれ、免疫系への影響も示唆されている。このため、近年経腸栄養剤や輸液の分野で注目され、利用に関する技術が開示されている(特開平2-119762号公報、特開平3-264525号公報、特開平5-236909号公報)。さらに、スポーツ生理学の分野でもグルタミンが注目され、運動によって消費されたグリコーゲン補充や疲労時の免疫能の回復に効果のあることが示されている(吉田匡央、月刊フードケミカル、1994-10 、46)。しかし、十分に運動することのできない病人や乳幼児を対象とはしていない。
【0006】
又、ヌクレオチドは核酸を構成する基本単位であり、全ての生物にとって必須な成分である。ヌクレオチドは、シチジン、ウリジン、アデノシン、グアノシン、チミジン、及びイノシンの6種類のヌクレオシドにリン酸が結合した構造を有する。体内のほとんど全ての細胞、器官はヌクレオチドを合成する活性を有しており、このため長い間栄養成分としては認識されてこなかった。しかし、近年経口摂取したヌクレオチドが体内で脂肪酸代謝を制御したり、免疫応答に関与することが知られるようになり、経腸栄養剤や育児用調製乳へのヌクレオチドの配合が検討されるようになってきた。しかし、ヌクレオチドの摂取と体力の関係に関してはこれまで全く検討されたことはなかった。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述の状況に鑑み、本発明者らは近年特殊栄養成分として注目されてきている各種栄養素に着目して鋭意研究の結果、一般人や乳幼児に対してその消化、吸収、代謝能に負担をかけることなく、その体力の回復あるいは獲得を可能とする体力増強剤を見出すに至った。即ち、アルギニンを必須成分とし、さらにグルタミン、ヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドよりなる群から選択される1種以上の成分を組み合わせることにより、前述の体力増強剤を見出すに至った。従って本発明は、アルギニンを必須成分とし、さらにグルタミン、ヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドよりなる群から選択される1種以上の成分からなることを特徴とする体力増強剤を提供することを課題とする。
【0008】
【発明を解決するための手段】
本発明は、アルギニンを必須成分とし、さらにグルタミン、ヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドよりなる群から選択される1種以上の成分を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする体力増強剤に関する。さらには、これを配合した栄養組成物に関する。
【0009】
本発明の体力増強剤は、対象である乳幼児が摂取しやすい形態であれば良い。例えば経口投与の時は錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、ドリンク剤等が挙げられる。この時、必要に応じて通常製剤に用いられる製剤成分、例えば賦形剤、結合剤、滑沢剤、乳化剤等を加えても良い。又、単独の製剤の形態ではなく、栄養組成物、例えば各種病態食、経口・径腸栄養剤、調製乳、飲料或いは離乳食等に本発明体力増強剤を配合しても良い。調製乳として、例えば乳児用調製粉乳、フォローアップミルク、タンパク質分解乳、特殊栄養調製乳等が挙げられる。栄養組成物の組成は、本発明品である体力増強剤成分の他に、蛋白質、脂質、糖質、ビタミン及びミネラル類を主成分とする。この場合も形態にはこだわらず、摂取しやすい形態であれば、固形、粉末、液体、ゲル状、スラリー状等のいずれであっても良い。この時、栄養組成物の固形あたり、上記体力増強剤を0.1〜10重量%配合するのが好適である。
【0010】
本発明の有効成分であるアルギニンは、遊離型であるL−アルギニンの他に、L−アルギニンが主たるアミノ酸であるペプチド型アルギニン、或いはアルギニン含量の多い蛋白質、例えば分離大豆蛋白質であっても良く、さらにはアルギニン含量の高い蛋白質を加水分解して得られるペプチド型アルギニンであっても良い。又これらの組み合わせでも良い。グルタミンは、遊離型のL−グルタミンの他にグルタミンが主たるアミノ酸を構成するペプチド型グルタミン或いはグルテン等グルタミンを多量に含有する蛋白質を加水分解して得られるペプチド型グルタミンであっても良く、さらにこれらの組み合わせであっても良い。ヌクレオチド或いはヌクレオシドは、それぞれ遊離型であっても、ナトリウム或いはカリウム塩であってもかまわない。ヌクレオチドとヌクレオシドの間には、活性の差は殆どなく、どちらを用いても良い。体力の増強には、上記成分のうちアルギニンを必須成分とし、これにグルタミン、ヌクレオチド或いはヌクレオシドから選ばれる1種類以上の成分を同時に投与することが必要である。本発明品の1日当たりの投与量としては、成人の場合1〜10g、乳幼児の場合0.1〜2gが望ましい。又、本発明品は1日1回規定量を経口的に投与しても良く、又は食間、食前、食後を問わず数回に分けて投与しても良い。
【0011】
本発明体力増強剤は、例えば乳児用調製乳や経腸栄養剤等の栄養組成物に添加しても、何ら問題はない。本発明体力増強剤を配合した栄養組成物を構成する蛋白質は、脱脂乳、カゼイン、チーズホエー、ホエー蛋白質濃縮物(WPC)、ホエー蛋白質分離物(WPI)等の乳蛋白質や、これらの分画物であるαS−カゼイン、β−カゼイン、α−ラクトアルブミン及びβ−ラクトグロブリン等であり、又、卵黄蛋白質、卵白蛋白質、オボアルブミン等の卵蛋白質、或いは脱脂大豆蛋白質、分離大豆蛋白質、濃縮大豆蛋白質等の大豆蛋白質を挙げることができる。或いは小麦グルテン、魚肉蛋白質、畜肉蛋白質、コラーゲン等の蛋白質を用いても良い。さらには、上記した蛋白質の分画物や酸或いは酵素で処理して調製したペプチド或いは遊離アミノ酸であっても良い。遊離アミノ酸は窒素源としての他に特定の生理作用を付与するために用いることもでき、その例として、タウリン、シスチン、システイン等を挙げることができる。蛋白質やペプチド、遊離アミノ酸の配合量は、固形分あたり5〜30重量%が適当である。糖質としては、でんぷん,可溶性多糖類、デキストリン、しょ糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、ブドウ糖や果糖等の単糖類、さらにガラクトオリゴ糖、フラクトオリゴ糖、ラクチュロース等のオリゴ糖を挙げることができ、これらの糖類の中から1種類以上を配合する。糖質の配合量は、栄養組成物の固形分当たり30〜80重量%であることが望ましい。又、用途によってはアスパルテーム等の人工甘味料を用いることもでき、この場合の配合量は固形分当たり0.05〜1.0重量%が適当である。脂質としては、乳脂肪、ラード、牛脂及び魚油等の動物性油脂、大豆油、菜種油、コーン油、ヤシ油、パーム油、パーム核油、サフラワー油、エゴマ油、アマニ油、月見草油、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド(MCT)及び綿実油等の植物性油脂、さらにはこれらの分別油、水添油、エステル交換油のいずれか1種以上を用いることができる。脂質は栄養組成物の固形当たり40重量%以下の配合が好ましい。
【0012】
ビタミン及びミネラルについては、「日本国際酪農連盟発行、乳幼児食品を含む特殊用途食品のCODEX 規格及び関連衛生作業規則、CAC/VOL.IX- 第1版及びSupplement 1,2,3,4 (1993) 」、「食品と科学社発行、1993年版指定品目食品添加物便覧(改訂第31版)(1993)」及び「食品と科学社発行、届け出制食品添加物・食品素材天然物便覧(第12版)(1992)」に記載されているビタミン類及びミネラル類のうち栄養組成物に使用可能なものの中から1種以上を用いることができる。ビタミン類として、例えばビタミンA、B類、C、D、E、K、葉酸、パントテン酸、β−カロチン、ニコチン酸アミド、カルニチン、コリン、イノシトール、ビオチン等が挙げられ、これらの配合量は栄養組成物の固形分100g当たり10mg〜5gが好ましい。ミネラル類として、カルシウム、マグネシウム、カリウム、ナトリウム、鉄、銅、亜鉛、リン、塩素、マンガン、セレン、ヨウ素等が挙げられ、これらの配合量は栄養組成物100g当たり1mg〜5gが好ましい。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下の実施例により本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらによって何ら限定されるものではない。
【0014】
【実施例1】
本発明体力増強剤の調製(錠剤)
L−アルギニン50g、L−グルタミン50g(ともに協和発酵社)、及び5’−シチジン一リン酸、5’−ウリジン一リン酸、5’−アデノシン一リン酸、5’−グアノシン一リン酸、5’−イノシン一リン酸(いづれもヤマサ社)を混合して調製したヌクレオチド混合物1gを均一に混合し、これを直接打錠剤法で錠剤とした。この時、1錠当たりの重量は1gであった。
【0015】
【実施例2】
本発明体力増強剤の調製(散剤)
小麦グルテン200g(ナカライテスク社)をエタノールに溶解し、攪拌しながら1%酢酸中に懸濁した。この懸濁液にモルシン(プロテアーゼタイプVIII、シグマ社)を37℃で24時間反応させ、さらにアクチナーゼ(科研製薬社)を37℃で24時間反応させた。この反応によって生成した遊離アミノ酸を分画分子量500の限外濾過膜(ダイアフローメンブレンYC05、アミコン社)で処理することにより除去し、グルタミン含量40重量%のグルタミンペプチド142gを得た。これにL−アルギニン50g(協和発酵社)、及び実施例1と同様に調製したヌクレオチド混合物1gを均一に混合し、粒径を350μm以下に調製して散剤とした。
【0016】
【実施例3】
本発明体力増強剤の調製(調製粉乳)
脱脂乳5.04kgに乳清タンパク質濃縮物(WPC、日本プロテン社)を158g及び乳糖924gを添加した。これに水溶性ビタミン類(ビタミンB1 、B2 、B6 、B12、C、ナイアシン、葉酸、パントテン酸、ビオチン、コリン、イノシトール)及びミネラル類(炭酸カルシウム、塩化カリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、クエン酸第一鉄ナトリウム、硫酸銅、硫酸亜鉛)をそれぞれ7.5g添加溶解し、さらに脂溶性ビタミン類(ビタミンA、D、E、K、β−カロチン)を溶解した調製脂肪578gを加えて混合した。これを均質化し、常法に従い殺菌処理をした後、濃縮、乾燥して調製粉乳2.1kgを得た。これに、L−アルギニン50g、L−グルタミン50g(ともに協和発酵社)、及び実施例1と同様に調製したヌクレオチド混合物1gの混合物21gを均一に混合し、体力増強成分含有調製粉乳2.1kgを得た。
【0017】
【実施例4】
本発明体力増強剤の調製(育児用調製粉乳)
乳清タンパク質濃縮物(WPC、日本プロテン社)880g及び乳糖5.2kgを20kgの温湯に溶解し、さらに牛乳7.5kg及びカゼイン490gを所定のアルカリに溶解した溶液を加えた。これに水溶性ビタミン類(ビタミンB1 、B 2 、B6 、B12、C、ナイアシン、葉酸、パントテン酸、ビオチン、コリン、イノシトール)及びミネラル類(炭酸カルシウム、塩化カリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、クエン酸第一鉄ナトリウム、硫酸銅、硫酸亜鉛)をそれぞれ7.5g添加溶解し、さらに脂溶性ビタミン類(ビタミンA、D、E、K、β−カロチン)を溶解した調製脂肪2.5kgを加えて混合した。これを均質化し、常法に従って殺菌処理した後、濃縮、乾燥して育児用調製粉乳10kgを得た。これに、L−アルギニン及び実施例2で調製したグルタミンペプチドの1:1混合物100gを均一に混合し、体力増強成分含有調製粉乳10.0kgを得た。
【0018】
【実施例5】
本発明体力増強剤の調製(育児用調製粉乳・2)
酵母RNA(和光純薬社)100gを温水に溶解し、これにヌクレアーゼP1(Penicillium citrinum由来、和光純薬社)を添加して37℃で24時間反応させた後、さらにアデニルデアミナーゼ(Aspergillus sp. 、シグマ社)を37℃で6時間反応させた。これを分画分子量500の限外濾過膜(ダイアフローメンブレンYC05、アミコン社)により未反応のRNAを除去し、ヌクレオチド72gを得た。このヌクレオチド10gを大豆ペプチド(アルギニン含量7.7%、不二製油社)500g及び実施例2で調製したグルタミンペプチド490gと均一に混合し、体力増強剤1kgを得た。これとは別に、乳清タンパク質濃縮物(WPC、日本プロテン社)8.4kgと乳糖47kgを300kgの温湯に溶解し、さらにカゼイン7.1kgを所定量のアルカリに溶解した溶液を加えた。これに水溶性ビタミン類(ビタミンB1 、B2 、B6 、B12、C、ナイアシン、葉酸、パントテン酸、ビオチン、コリン、イノシトール)及びミネラル類(炭酸カルシウム、塩化カリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、クエン酸第一鉄ナトリウム、硫酸銅、硫酸亜鉛)をそれぞれ1kg添加溶解し、さらに脂溶性ビタミン類(ビタミンA、D、E、K、β−カロチン)を溶解した調製脂肪27.4kg、及び先に調製した体力増強剤1kgを加えて混合した。これを均質化し、常法に従って殺菌処理した後、濃縮、乾燥して育児用調製粉乳100kgを得た。
【0019】
【実施例6】
体力増強試験・1
試験用飼料として、カゼイン25%、コーンスターチ53.5%、セルロースパウダー8.0%、しょ糖3.0%、大豆油6.0%、AIN−76組成(J. Nutr., Vol.107, p1340 (1977) )によるミネラル混合物3.5%、ビタミン混合物1.0%の組成の飼料を調製した。これとは別に、L−アルギニン、L−グルタミン、及びヌクレオチドを用いて体力増強剤を調製した。体力増強剤の各組成を表1に示す。これらに賦形剤としてデキストリンを加え、それぞれ100gとなるように調製した。又、対照として賦形剤のみの製剤も用意した。尚、投与時に都度これを水に溶解して用いた。
【0020】
【表1】
試験剤1:アルギニン1g
試験剤2:アルギニン3g
試験剤3:アルギニン95g
試験剤4:グルタミン95g
試験剤5:ヌクレオチド1.0g
試験剤6:アルギニン3g+グルタミン95g
試験剤7:アルギニン3g+ヌクレオチド1.0g
試験剤8:アルギニン3g+グルタミン3g+ヌクレオチド0.05g
【0021】
実験動物として、3週齢のSD系雄ラット(体重35〜45g)を用い、各群5匹ずつ5日間の予備飼育後、上記飼料を自由摂取させ28日間飼育した。この間、毎日体重1kg当たり1gの割合で、上記の体力増強剤を強制的に経口投与した。運動試験は、田中らの方法(体育学研究、33(2) 、155 、1988)に準じて水泳試験により行った。試験開始21日目より連日、1 日10分間の水泳運動を行い、ラットを水に慣らし、試験開始28日目にオールアウト試験を実施した。これは、ラットの尾に体重の4%に相当する重りをつけて水泳を行わせ、水面下に10秒間沈んだ時点をオールアウトとして、水泳開始からオールアウトまでの時間を測定し、運動能力を判定する方法である。結果を図1に示す。
【0022】
【図1】
【0023】
この結果より、アルギニン単独でも体力増強に効果が認められたが、アルギニンとグルタミン、アルギニンとヌクレオチド、又はアルギニン、グルタミン、ヌクレオチドを投与した場合にさらに効果のあることが示された。しかし、グルタミン、ヌクレオチドを単独で投与しても、体力増強効果は認められなかった。
【0024】
【実施例7】
体力増強試験・2
表2に示す組成の体力増強剤に増量剤としてしょ糖を添加し100gとしたものを、実施例6の試験用飼料に1重量%の割合で混合し、それぞれを試験食1〜8とした。又、対象として基本飼料に試験剤調製の際に増量剤として用いたしょ糖を1重量%添加した飼料を用いた。実験動物として、2週齢のSD系雄ラット(体重22〜32g)を用いた。生後17日目に母親と離して早期離乳させ、各試験食及び水を自由摂取させて、4週間飼育した。試験開始28日目に、エーテル麻酔下に後肢のヒラメ筋と前肢の長橈側手根伸筋を採取し、後大静脈より採血した。筋肉重量を測定するとともに、血液中のヘモグロビン濃度をHemoglobin Test Wako(和光純薬社)により測定した。ヒラメ筋並びに長橈側手根伸筋の重量の体重に対する比率を図2及び3に、血液中ヘモグロビン濃度を図4に示す。
【0025】
【表2】
試験剤1:アルギニン1g
試験剤2:アルギニン3g
試験剤3:アルギニン3g+グルタミン3g
試験剤4:アルギニン3g+グルタミン95g
試験剤5:アルギニン3g+ヌクレオシド0.05g
試験剤6:アルギニン3g+ヌクレオシド1g
試験剤7:アルギニン1g+グルタミン95g+ヌクレオシド1g
試験剤8:アルギニン3g+グルタミン3g+ヌクレオシド0.05g
【0026】
【図2】
【0027】
【図3】
【0028】
【図4】
【0029】
この結果から、試験食1及び試験食7を除く各試験食で、とくにトレーニングを行わなくとも、筋肉量が増加していることが示された。又、これらの群では血液中のヘモグロビン値もコントロール食群よりも高いことが示された。即ち、アルギニン、グルタミン、ヌクレオチド或いはヌクレオシドを経口的、連続的に摂取することで、蛋白質代謝が改善されて筋肉量が増え、さらに消化管からの鉄吸収能が向上することによって血液中のヘモグロビンが増え、体力ことに全身持久力が向上するということが示唆された。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
これらの結果から、本発明によりアルギニンを必須成分とし、さらにグルタミン、ヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドよりなる群から選択される1種以上の成分を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする体力増強剤が提供される。さらには、これを配合した体力増強栄養組成物が提供される。本発明の体力増強剤は、乳幼児の体力増強、運動能力向上に有効である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明体力増強剤による、ラットの水泳時間に対する効果を示す。
【図2】 本発明体力増強剤を配合した栄養組成物による、ラットの後肢ヒラメ筋に対する効果を示す。
【図3】 本発明体力増強剤を配合した栄養組成物による、ラットの前肢長橈側手根伸筋に対する効果を示す。
【図4】 本発明体力増強剤を配合した栄養組成物による、ラットの血中ヘモグロビン濃度に対する効果を示す。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a physical strength enhancer comprising arginine as an essential component and further containing one or more components selected from the group consisting of glutamine, nucleotides or nucleosides as active ingredients. Specifically, it is characterized by containing 3 g or more of arginine and 3 to 95 g of glutamine per 100 g of solid, or containing 3 g or more of arginine, 3 g or more of glutamine, and 0.05 to 1 g of nucleotide or nucleoside. It relates to a physical strength enhancer. Furthermore, it is related with the nutrition composition which mix | blended these. The present invention is effective for increasing physical strength and improving athletic ability of infants.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in sports physiology and nutritional physiology, etc., dietary guidance for the purpose of improving physical strength such as endurance, muscular strength, and athletic ability has been given to various athletes. For example, protein is necessary for strengthening muscle strength, and fat and carbohydrates are important energy sources. Furthermore, calcium intake is necessary for bone strengthening, and iron, which is a component of hemoglobin, plays an extremely important role in oxygen transport in the body. For example, it has been reported that a high-fat diet can improve energy production and promote the establishment of efficient energy metabolism, especially the effectiveness of monounsaturated fatty acids (Yashiro, Monthly Food Chemicals 1993-6, 38 1993), or there is a report (Wishrart et al., J. Physiol., Vol. 82, p189 (1934)) that high exercise ability was obtained when high protein was ingested. However, these reports are aimed at athletes with high energy consumption and could not be applied to infants with immature functions.
[0003]
It is said that physical fitness can be classified into physical fitness such as agility and muscular strength, and physical fitness related to health such as muscle endurance and whole body endurance (Tomoko Shuda, Pediatrics, 1994/11, 1993). . Needless to say, proper nutrition and moderate exercise are necessary to improve athletic performance, but it is quite possible that infants cannot exercise. For these people, enteral nutrients using peptides and amino acids with good digestibility and absorption, or high-calorie infusions that provide nutrition by infusion, are widely used as nutritional methods. It is not intended to restore abilities, and there is no known health enhancement method for infants. However, it has been desired for infants to develop a physical strength enhancer that promptly restores or acquires physical strength or athletic ability.
[0004]
Furthermore, in recent years, it has been known that various components are involved in regulation of immunity and metabolic function, and have been used for various nutrients. For example, arginine is a component that is said to be a semi-essential amino acid for infants, and is necessary for detoxifying toxic ammonia produced by protein metabolism in the body, and also functions as a precursor of polyamines, for muscle metabolism. It is known that it is involved, has an effect of improving nitrogen utilization efficiency in the body, and has an immunostimulatory action. Paying attention to such functions, a patent on infant formula containing arginine has been filed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-192245), but the relationship between arginine and physical fitness is not known.
[0005]
Glutamine is an amino acid that accounts for 50 to 60% of the skeletal muscle amino acid pool and about 20% of the plasma amino acid pool, and is said to be a major energy source in small intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, glutamine deficiency is said to be a cause of intestinal atrophy, and an effect on the immune system is also suggested. For this reason, in recent years, attention has been paid in the field of enteral nutrients and infusions, and techniques relating to utilization have been disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2-119762, 3-264525, and 5-236909). Furthermore, glutamine has attracted attention in the field of sports physiology, and it has been shown to be effective in supplementing glycogen consumed by exercise and restoring immunity during fatigue (Yosuke Yoshida, Monthly Food Chemical, 1994-10, 46). However, it does not target sick people and infants who cannot exercise enough.
[0006]
Nucleotides are basic units constituting nucleic acids and are essential components for all living organisms. The nucleotide has a structure in which a phosphate is bound to six kinds of nucleosides of cytidine, uridine, adenosine, guanosine, thymidine, and inosine. Almost all cells and organs in the body have the activity of synthesizing nucleotides, and have not been recognized as nutritional components for a long time. However, in recent years, nucleotides taken orally have been known to regulate fatty acid metabolism in the body and participate in immune responses, so that the incorporation of nucleotides into enteral nutrients and formulas for childcare will be considered. It has become. However, the relationship between nucleotide intake and physical fitness has never been studied.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above situation, the present inventors pay attention to various nutrients that have been attracting attention as special nutritional components in recent years, and as a result of intensive research, place a burden on the digestion, absorption, and metabolic capacity of ordinary people and infants. However, the present inventors have found a physical strength enhancer that can recover or acquire the physical strength. That is, the above-mentioned physical strength-enhancing agent has been found by combining arginine as an essential component and further combining one or more components selected from the group consisting of glutamine, nucleotide, or nucleoside. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a physical strength enhancer characterized by comprising arginine as an essential component and further comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of glutamine, nucleotides or nucleosides.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Invention]
The present invention relates to a physical strength enhancer comprising arginine as an essential component and further containing one or more components selected from the group consisting of glutamine, nucleotides or nucleosides as active ingredients. Furthermore, it is related with the nutrition composition which mix | blended this.
[0009]
The physical strength enhancer of the present invention may be in any form that is easy for a target infant to ingest. For example, for oral administration, tablets, capsules, granules, powders, drinks and the like can be mentioned. At this time, formulation components usually used in the formulation, for example, excipients, binders, lubricants, emulsifiers and the like may be added as necessary. Moreover, you may mix | blend this physical strength enhancer with nutritional compositions, for example, various pathological foods, oral and / or intestinal nutrients, prepared milk, beverages, baby foods, etc., not in the form of a single preparation. Examples of the formula include infant formula, follow-up milk, protein-decomposed milk, and special nutrition formula. The composition of the nutritional composition is mainly composed of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in addition to the physical strength enhancer component of the present invention. In this case as well, the form may be any of solid, powder, liquid, gel, slurry, etc. as long as it is easy to ingest. At this time, it is preferable to blend 0.1 to 10% by weight of the above-mentioned physical strength enhancer per solid of the nutritional composition.
[0010]
Arginine which is an active ingredient of the present invention may be a peptide type arginine which is a main amino acid of L-arginine, or a protein having a high arginine content, for example, isolated soy protein, in addition to the free form of L-arginine, Further, it may be a peptide type arginine obtained by hydrolyzing a protein having a high arginine content. A combination of these may also be used. Glutamine may be peptide-type glutamine obtained by hydrolyzing a peptide containing glutamine such as gluten or peptide-type glutamine, which is the main amino acid in addition to free L-glutamine. It may be a combination of The nucleotide or nucleoside may be in free form or sodium or potassium salt, respectively. There is almost no difference in activity between nucleotides and nucleosides, and either may be used. In order to enhance physical strength, it is necessary to use arginine as an essential component among the above components, and simultaneously administer one or more components selected from glutamine, nucleotides or nucleosides. The daily dose of the product of the present invention is preferably 1 to 10 g for an adult and 0.1 to 2 g for an infant. The product of the present invention may be administered orally in a prescribed amount once a day, or may be administered in several divided doses regardless of whether it is between meals, before meals or after meals.
[0011]
Even if this physical strength enhancer is added to nutritional compositions such as infant formula and enteral nutrition, there is no problem. Proteins constituting the nutritional composition containing the physical strength enhancer of the present invention include milk proteins such as skim milk, casein, cheese whey, whey protein concentrate (WPC), whey protein isolate (WPI), and fractions thereof. ΑS-casein, β-casein, α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, etc., egg protein such as egg yolk protein, egg white protein, ovalbumin, or defatted soybean protein, separated soybean protein, concentrated soybean Mention may be made of soy protein such as protein. Alternatively, proteins such as wheat gluten, fish protein, animal meat protein, collagen may be used. Furthermore, it may be a peptide or free amino acid prepared by treating with the above-described protein fraction, acid or enzyme. The free amino acid can be used for imparting a specific physiological action in addition to the nitrogen source, and examples thereof include taurine, cystine, cysteine and the like. The blending amount of protein, peptide and free amino acid is suitably 5 to 30% by weight per solid content. Examples of carbohydrates include starch, soluble polysaccharides, dextrin, sucrose, lactose, maltose, monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose, and oligosaccharides such as galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides and lactulose. 1 or more types are blended. The blending amount of the saccharide is desirably 30 to 80% by weight based on the solid content of the nutritional composition. Depending on the application, an artificial sweetener such as aspartame can be used. In this case, the blending amount is suitably 0.05 to 1.0% by weight per solid content. Lipids include animal fats such as milk fat, lard, beef tallow and fish oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, palm oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, linseed oil, evening primrose oil, medium Any one or more of chain fatty acid triglycerides (MCT) and vegetable oils such as cottonseed oil, and fractionated oils, hydrogenated oils and transesterified oils thereof can be used. The lipid is preferably blended in an amount of 40% by weight or less per solid of the nutritional composition.
[0012]
For vitamins and minerals, see “Japan International Dairy Federation, CODEX Standard for Special Use Foods Including Infant Foods and Related Sanitation Work Rules, CAC / VOL.IX- 1st Edition and Supplement 1,2,3,4 (1993) "Food and Science Co., Ltd., 1993 edition designated food additive handbook (revised 31st edition) (1993)" and "Food and Science Co., Ltd., food additive / food material natural product handbook (12th edition)" Among the vitamins and minerals described in (1992) ", one or more of those usable in nutritional compositions can be used. Examples of vitamins include vitamins A, B, C, D, E, K, folic acid, pantothenic acid, β-carotene, nicotinamide, carnitine, choline, inositol, biotin, and the like. 10 mg to 5 g is preferable per 100 g of the solid content of the composition. Examples of minerals include calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, copper, zinc, phosphorus, chlorine, manganese, selenium, iodine and the like, and the amount of these is preferably 1 mg to 5 g per 100 g of the nutritional composition.
[0013]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0014]
[Example 1]
Preparation of the present physical strength enhancer (tablet)
50 g of L-arginine, 50 g of L-glutamine (both Kyowa Hakko), 5'-cytidine monophosphate, 5'-uridine monophosphate, 5'-adenosine monophosphate, 5'-guanosine monophosphate, 5 1 g of a nucleotide mixture prepared by mixing '-inosine monophosphate (both from Yamasa Co., Ltd.) was uniformly mixed, and this was tableted by a direct tableting method. At this time, the weight per tablet was 1 g.
[0015]
[Example 2]
Preparation of the present physical strength enhancer (powder)
200 g of wheat gluten (Nacalai Tesque) was dissolved in ethanol and suspended in 1% acetic acid with stirring. Morsin (protease type VIII, Sigma) was reacted at 37 ° C. for 24 hours, and actinase (Kaken Pharmaceutical) was further reacted at 37 ° C. for 24 hours. The free amino acid produced by this reaction was removed by treatment with an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut off of 500 (Diaflow Membrane YC05, Amicon) to obtain 142 g of a glutamine peptide having a glutamine content of 40% by weight. To this, 50 g of L-arginine (Kyowa Hakko) and 1 g of a nucleotide mixture prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 were uniformly mixed to prepare a powder by adjusting the particle size to 350 μm or less.
[0016]
[Example 3]
Preparation of the present physical strength enhancer (prepared milk powder)
To 5.04 kg of skim milk, 158 g of whey protein concentrate (WPC, Nippon Proten) and 924 g of lactose were added. This water-soluble vitamins (vitamin B 1, B 2, B 6 , B 12, C, niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, choline, inositol) and minerals (calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, citric acid 7.5 g of ferrous sodium, copper sulfate, and zinc sulfate) were added and dissolved, and 578 g of prepared fat in which fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, K, and β-carotene) were dissolved was added and mixed. . This was homogenized and sterilized according to a conventional method, then concentrated and dried to obtain 2.1 kg of prepared milk powder. To this, 21 g of a mixture of 50 g of L-arginine, 50 g of L-glutamine (both Kyowa Hakko) and 1 g of a nucleotide mixture prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, Obtained.
[0017]
[Example 4]
Preparation of the present physical strength enhancer (prepared milk powder for childcare)
A solution prepared by dissolving 880 g of whey protein concentrate (WPC, Nippon Proten) and 5.2 kg of lactose in 20 kg of hot water, and further dissolving 7.5 kg of milk and 490 g of casein in a predetermined alkali was added. This water-soluble vitamins (vitamin B 1, B 2, B 6 , B 12, C, niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, choline, inositol) and minerals (calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, citric acid Add 7.5g each of ferrous sodium, copper sulfate, and zinc sulfate) and add 2.5kg of prepared fat in which fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, K, β-carotene) are dissolved. Mixed. This was homogenized, sterilized according to a conventional method, concentrated and dried to obtain 10 kg of infant formula milk powder. To this, 100 g of a 1: 1 mixture of L-arginine and the glutamine peptide prepared in Example 2 was uniformly mixed to obtain 10.0 kg of a prepared powdered milk containing a physical strength enhancing component.
[0018]
[Example 5]
Preparation of the present invention physical strength enhancer (prepared milk powder for childcare, 2)
100 g of yeast RNA (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was dissolved in warm water, nuclease P1 (derived from Penicillium citrinum, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added thereto and reacted at 37 ° C. for 24 hours, and then adenyl deaminase (Aspergillus sp. Sigma) for 6 hours at 37 ° C. Unreacted RNA was removed from this using an ultrafiltration membrane (diaflow membrane YC05, Amicon) having a molecular weight cut off of 500 to obtain 72 g of nucleotides. 10 g of this nucleotide was uniformly mixed with 500 g of soybean peptide (arginine content 7.7%, Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.) and 490 g of the glutamine peptide prepared in Example 2 to obtain 1 kg of a physical strength enhancer. Separately, 8.4 kg of whey protein concentrate (WPC, Nippon Proten) and 47 kg of lactose were dissolved in 300 kg of hot water, and a solution of 7.1 kg of casein dissolved in a predetermined amount of alkali was added. This water-soluble vitamins (vitamin B 1, B 2, B 6 , B 12, C, niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, choline, inositol) and minerals (calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, citric acid 17.4 kg each of ferrous sodium, copper sulfate, and zinc sulfate) were added and dissolved, and 27.4 kg of prepared fat in which fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, K, and β-carotene) were dissolved, and prepared in advance. 1 kg of the resulting physical strength enhancer was added and mixed. This was homogenized, sterilized according to a conventional method, concentrated and dried to obtain 100 kg of infant formula milk powder.
[0019]
[Example 6]
Physical strength test ・ 1
As test feed, casein 25%, corn starch 53.5%, cellulose powder 8.0%, sucrose 3.0%, soybean oil 6.0%, AIN-76 composition (J. Nutr., Vol.107, p1340 (1977)) was prepared with a composition of 3.5% mineral mixture and 1.0% vitamin mixture. Separately, a physical strength enhancer was prepared using L-arginine, L-glutamine, and nucleotides. Each composition of the physical strength enhancer is shown in Table 1. Dextrin was added as an excipient to these to prepare 100 g each. As a control, a preparation containing only the excipient was also prepared. In addition, this was dissolved in water and used at each administration.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Test agent 1: Arginine 1g
Test agent 2: Arginine 3g
Test agent 3: Arginine 95g
Test agent 4: glutamine 95 g
Test agent 5: 1.0 g of nucleotide
Test agent 6: arginine 3 g + glutamine 95 g
Test agent 7: arginine 3 g + nucleotide 1.0 g
Test agent 8: arginine 3 g + glutamine 3 g + nucleotide 0.05 g
[0021]
Three-week-old SD male rats (35-45 g body weight) were used as experimental animals. After 5 days of preliminary breeding for 5 animals in each group, the above-mentioned feed was freely fed and reared for 28 days. During this time, the above physical strength enhancer was forcibly orally administered at a rate of 1 g / kg body weight every day. The exercise test was performed by a swimming test according to the method of Tanaka et al. (Research on Physical Education, 33 (2), 155, 1988). From the 21st day of the test, swimming exercise was performed every day for 10 minutes, the rats were habituated to the water, and the all-out test was performed on the 28th day of the test. This is because the weight corresponding to 4% of the body weight is attached to the tail of the rat and swimming is performed. The time from the start of swimming to the all-out is measured by taking the time when it sinks under the surface for 10 seconds as an all-out. This is a method of determining. The results are shown in FIG.
[0022]
[Figure 1]
[0023]
From these results, although arginine alone was effective in enhancing physical strength, it was shown that arginine and glutamine, arginine and nucleotide, or arginine, glutamine, and nucleotide were more effective. However, even when glutamine and nucleotides were administered alone, no physical strength enhancing effect was observed.
[0024]
[Example 7]
Physical strength enhancement test 2
100 g of sucrose added as a bulking agent to the physical strength enhancer having the composition shown in Table 2 was mixed with the test feed of Example 6 at a ratio of 1% by weight, and test meals 1 to 8 were prepared. Moreover, the feed which added 1 weight% of sucrose as an extender at the time of preparation of a test agent was used for the basic feed. Two-week-old SD male rats (body weight 22 to 32 g) were used as experimental animals. On the 17th day after birth, they were weaned early from their mothers, allowed to freely ingest each test food and water, and raised for 4 weeks. On the 28th day from the start of the test, the soleus of the hind limb and the long palmar extensor muscle of the forelimb were collected under ether anesthesia and collected from the posterior vena cava. The muscle weight was measured, and the hemoglobin concentration in the blood was measured by Hemoglobin Test Wako (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). FIGS. 2 and 3 show the ratio of the weight of the soleus and long palmar extensor muscles to the body weight, and FIG. 4 shows the blood hemoglobin concentration.
[0025]
[Table 2]
Test agent 1: Arginine 1g
Test agent 2: Arginine 3g
Test agent 3: Arginine 3g + Glutamine 3g
Test agent 4: Arginine 3g + Glutamine 95g
Test agent 5: arginine 3 g + nucleoside 0.05 g
Test agent 6: 3 g of arginine + 1 g of nucleoside
Test agent 7: 1 g of arginine + 95 g of glutamine + 1 g of nucleoside
Test agent 8: arginine 3 g + glutamine 3 g + nucleoside 0.05 g
[0026]
[Figure 2]
[0027]
[Fig. 3]
[0028]
[Fig. 4]
[0029]
From these results, it was shown that the muscle mass increased in each of the test meals except for the test meal 1 and the test meal 7 without performing any particular training. Moreover, it was shown that the hemoglobin level in blood was higher in these groups than in the control diet group. That is, by taking arginine, glutamine, nucleotides or nucleosides orally or continuously, protein metabolism is improved, muscle mass is increased, and iron absorption capacity from the gastrointestinal tract is improved, so that hemoglobin in the blood is It was suggested that the endurance of the whole body was improved.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
From these results, the present invention provides a physical strength enhancer characterized by containing arginine as an essential component and further containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of glutamine, nucleotides or nucleosides as an active component. . Furthermore, the physical strength enhancement nutrition composition which mix | blended this is provided. The physical strength enhancer of the present invention is effective for enhancing physical strength and improving athletic ability of infants.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows the effect of the physical strength enhancer of the present invention on swimming time in rats.
FIG. 2 shows the effect on the hind leg soleus of rats by the nutritional composition containing the physical strength enhancer of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the effect of a nutritional composition containing the physical strength enhancer of the present invention on forelimb longus lateral carpal extensor muscles of rats.
FIG. 4 shows the effect of a nutritional composition containing the physical strength enhancer of the present invention on blood hemoglobin concentration in rats.

Claims (3)

固形100g当たりアルギニンを3g以上、グルタミンを3〜95g含有することを特徴とする経口投与による乳幼児用体力増強剤及び運動能力向上剤。A physical strength enhancer for infants and an athletic performance improver by oral administration, comprising 3 g or more of arginine and 3 to 95 g of glutamine per 100 g of solid. 固形100g当たりヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドを0.05〜1g含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の乳幼児用体力増強剤及び運動能力向上剤。The physical strength enhancer for infants and the athletic ability improver according to claim 1, wherein 0.05 to 1 g of nucleotide or nucleoside is contained per 100 g of solid. 固形100g当たりアルギニンを3g以上、ヌクレオチド又はヌクレオシドを0.05〜1g含有することを特徴とする乳幼児用体力増強剤及び運動能力向上剤。A physical strength enhancer and an athletic performance improver for infants, comprising 3 g or more of arginine and 0.05 to 1 g of nucleotide or nucleoside per 100 g of solid.
JP28978195A 1995-11-08 1995-11-08 Strength enhancer Expired - Fee Related JP4526047B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2782270B1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2001-06-22 Michel Seman ADENOSINE AND ORAL ADENYL NUCLEOTIDES FOR IMPROVING MUSCLE WORK
FR2786699B1 (en) * 1998-12-02 2002-10-04 Philippe Gorny MEDICINE, IN PARTICULAR FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS
GB9923048D0 (en) * 1999-09-29 1999-12-01 Nestle Sa Composition comprising casein protein and whey protein
JP5430927B2 (en) 2006-03-15 2014-03-05 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Composition containing riboflavin and sesamin
SG179481A1 (en) 2007-03-15 2012-04-27 Suntory Holdings Ltd Anti-fatigue agent
US8507547B2 (en) 2007-05-31 2013-08-13 Suntory Holdings Limited Anti-fatigue agents and oral compositions containing andrographolide as active ingredient
SG10201510301UA (en) 2007-09-19 2016-01-28 Suntory Holdings Ltd Compositions incorporating sesamin-class compounds and vitamin b1 class compounds
JP5426918B2 (en) * 2009-04-20 2014-02-26 株式会社 伊藤園 Anti-fatigue agent or physical fitness improver containing uridine
RU2012126140A (en) * 2009-11-25 2013-12-27 Нестек С.А. NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITIONS, INCLUDING HIGH-PROTEIN COMPONENT AND EXOGENEOUS NUCLEOTIDES
US11464835B2 (en) 2015-06-01 2022-10-11 Saisei Pharma Co., Ltd. Enzyme-treated milk product, preparation method thereof, composition, and products
KR20210003108A (en) 2018-04-26 2021-01-11 제리아 신야쿠 고교 가부시키 가이샤 Dipeptide and pharmaceutical composition containing the same
EP4129404A4 (en) * 2020-04-03 2023-06-21 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Muscle enhancer

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