JP4034370B2 - Brain function improving agent and nutritional composition - Google Patents

Brain function improving agent and nutritional composition Download PDF

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JP4034370B2
JP4034370B2 JP25697796A JP25697796A JP4034370B2 JP 4034370 B2 JP4034370 B2 JP 4034370B2 JP 25697796 A JP25697796 A JP 25697796A JP 25697796 A JP25697796 A JP 25697796A JP 4034370 B2 JP4034370 B2 JP 4034370B2
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brain function
function improving
improving agent
acid
brain
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JPH10101568A (en
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則文 佐藤
佳博 谷本
大 守田
正 井戸田
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Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd
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Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、GM3またはGM3及びGD3の組み合わせと、ドコサヘキサエン酸とアラキドン酸とからなる脳機能改善剤に関する。さらに、脳機能改善剤を含有する栄養組成物に関する。本発明脳機能改善剤及びそれを含有する栄養組成物は、老齢時に引き起こされる痴呆、記憶障害などの予防及び/又は治療剤として有用である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、日本では急激な高齢化社会を迎えている。厚生省の入口動態調査・推計(厚生省人口問題研究所編集、人口統計資料集、1993)によれば、平成12年には65歳以上の老齢人口は25%を越えると予測されており、脳血管障害や痴呆症の増加が予想される。このため、これらの脳疾患の治療に脳機能改善薬(脳循環・代謝改善薬、抗痴呆薬)の研究・開発が医薬品メーカーを中心に進められており、シンナリジン、シチコリン、タクリンをはじめ様々な医薬品が発売されている(バイオインダストリー、11, 410, 1994 )。当然のことながら、これらの医薬品は疾患を有する患者に対してのものであるが、これらの疾患を予防するという観点にたてば、日々摂取する食品類にも気をつける必要がある。また、乳幼児期からの健康管理も今後は必要になると考えられる。しかしながら、乳幼児から老人まで手軽に飲用でき、なおかつ脳機能の低下を抑制し、機能改善効果を有する薬剤は、これまでのところほとんど開発されていない。
【0003】
過去の研究で、脳機能改善効果を有する成分が多種明らかにされている。しかし、食品に利用でき、なおかつ副作用がない成分になるとある程度限られてくる。例えば、レシチンなどのリン脂質、ヌクレオチドやヌクレオシドなどの核酸類が挙げられる。しかし、このような成分を摂取したとしても、顕著な効果が得られるものではない。そのため、脳機能改善のために、新たな成分としてガングリオシドや多価不飽和脂肪酸に関心が集まっている。ガングリオシドは、シアル酸を含むスフィンゴ糖脂質の総称であり、スフィンゴシンと脂肪酸からなるセラミドにグルコース、ガラクトース、シアル酸などの糖が結合した成分である。また、これらのガングリオシドは、脳・神経系組織の細胞膜上に多く含まれている。生体腰には、GM3、GD3、GM2、GM1、GD2、GD1a 、GD1b やGT1a などのガングリオシドが含まれているが、このように分子種が多く、多様性に富むこともガングリオシドの特徴の一つである。ガングリオシドの効果として、病原性大腸菌が腸管粘膜細胞へ付着するのを抑制する効果(Idota ら、 Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 59, 69 (1995) )が知られている。さらに、GM1がコレラ毒素を中和することやGM3がインフルエンザウィルスの感染を防ぐという効果(川上ら、食品と開発、30, 10 (1995) )が知られており、これらの効果からカンビロバクターの感染及び感染による下痢を抑制する栄養組成物(特開平5-276894号)や、感染や下痢を防ぐためにガングリオシドを添加した粉乳類(特公平6-85684 号)が開示されている。さらには、末梢血リンパ球の増殖や免疫グロブリン産生を促進する作用(Kimataら、Eur. J. Immunol., 24, 2910 (1993) )や、マクロファージなどの分化を促進する作用(斉藤ら、日本農芸化学会誌、67, 1750 (1993) )も知られている。また、ガングリオシドは脳・神経系に多いことから、神経細胞の機能への関わりが示唆されている。ガングリオシドは中枢、末梢神経の再生、促進作用を有しており(西野ら、代謝、26、臨時増刊号、279 (1989))、そのため脳卒中、パーキンソン病、あるいはアルツハイマー型痴呆症の治療にガングリオシドが有効であるとの報告もある(Paloら、 Mol. Chem. Neuropathol., 21, 41(1994)、及びSvennerholm, Life Sci., 5, 2125(1994) )。
【0004】
一方、近年注目を浴びている多価不飽和脂肪酸は、リノール酸に代表されるn−6系脂肪酸とα−リノレン酸に代表されるn−3系脂肪酸に分けられ、生体膜リン脂質中に多く含まれているだけでなく、プロスタグランジンやロイコトリエンの前駆体として、生命の維持、調節に関与している。また、最近の研究では、上妃の多価不飽和脂肪酸が脳・神経系に多いことから、脳機能との関わりが注目を浴びている。脳中には、ドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)やアラキドン酸が、脂肪酸当たりそれぞれ約5〜10%、10〜15%程度含まれており(Neuringer, Nutrition Reviews, 51, 238 (1995); Farguharsonら、ランセット日本語版、8 (1993.3))、これらの脂肪酸は脳中に、生体を構成する組織の中で最も多く含まれているのが特徴である。これらの脂肪酸と脳機能の関連では、例えばDHAをラットに摂取させると明度弁別学習能が向上することが知られている(藤本、食の科学、 161号、 41 (1991))。また、NMDAレセプターへの作用やアセチルコリン放出に関する研究もみられ、脳機能への作用機構の解明も進められている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、GM3またはGM3及びGD3の組み合わせと、ドコサヘキサエン酸とアラキドン酸とからなる脳機能改善剤に関する。さらに、これらの脳機能改善剤を含有する栄養組成物に関する。本発明脳機能改善剤及びそれを含有する栄養組成物は、老齢時に引き起こされる痴呆、記憶障害などの予防剤として有用である。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、ガングリオシド及び多価不飽和脂肪酸からなる脳機能改善剤に関する。詳しくは、ガングリオシドがGM3及び多価不飽和脂肪酸がドコサヘキサエン酸及びアラキドン酸である脳機能改善剤に関する。さらに、これらの脳機能改善剤を含有する栄養組成物に関する。本発明脳機能改善剤及びそれを含有する栄養組成物は、老齢時に引き起こされる痴呆、記憶障害などの予防剤として有用である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられるガングリオシドとしては、シアル酸が1分子結合したモノガングリオシド(GM3、GM1等)、2分子結合したジシアロガングリオシド(GD3、GD1b 等)、3分子結合したトリシアロガングリオシド(GT1a 等)を挙げることができる。これらのガングリオシドのうち、GM3が最も好適に用いられる。本発明に利用するGM3の調製法については、これらが脳・神経系細胞に多く含まれていることから、哺乳類の脳から抽出することができる、あるいは特開平5-279379号に示されるように、乳由来のガングリオシドGD3を加水分解することによって大量のGM3を調製する方法を利用できる。乳由来のガングリオシドGD3を加水分解することによって大量のGM3を調製する方法は、特開昭63-269992 号にあるように、GD3を大量調製し、これにシアリダーゼを作用させるあるいは酸で脱シアル化することによって、GM3を大量に調製することができる。
本発明に用いる多価不飽和脂肪酸としては、炭素数18以上で二重結合を3個以上有するものであればよいが、好ましくはDHA、EPA、α‐リノレン酸、γ−リノレン酸、ジホモ‐γ−リノレン酸、アラキドン酸、特に好ましくはDHA及びアラキドン酸が用いられる。これらの脂肪酸の供給源としては、カツオ油やマグロ油などの魚油、エゴマ油、大豆油、シソ油、ナタネ油、月見草油、ボラージ草油、さらには微生物や藻などを利用した多価不飽和脂肪酸含量を高めた油脂、卵黄レシチンなどのリン脂質などが用いられる。
M3は、組成物100g(固形)あたり好ましくは0.5〜500mg、特に好ましくは組成物100g(固形)あたり1〜50mg加える。DHA及びアラキドン酸は、好ましくは組成物100g(固形)あたり5〜500mg、特に好ましくは組成物100g(固形)あたり25〜100mg加える。この時、DHA及びアラキドン酸の含有比は、好ましくは10:1〜1:2、特に好ましくは2:1〜1:1の比率が良い。
また、本発明の脳機能改善剤の効果をより一層高めるために、レシチンなどのリン脂質、ヌクレオチドなどの核酸類など他の成分を組み合わせても良い。
【0008】
本発明脳機能改善剤を含有する栄養組成物は、乳幼児から成人、さらには老人に対し、経口又は非経口的に投与することができる。経口的に投与する場合、その形態は特に限定されないが、適当な賦形剤や担体を用いて錠剤、カプセルなどに、あるいは乳児用調製乳、フォローアップミルク、成熟児用調製乳などの育児用調製乳、各種病態に合わせた未熟児用調製乳や特殊疾患用調製乳、あるいは経口・経腸栄養剤などに添加することができる。この時、多価不飽和脂肪酸が酸化に対して不安定であるので抗酸化剤を使用することができる。又、魚油などは特有の臭気を有するので、マスキング剤やフレーバー等を用いても良い。
本発明脳機能改善剤を含有する栄養組成物の中で、特に乳児用調製乳について以下に詳述する。乳児用調製乳は、タンパク質、脂質、糖質、ビタミン及びミネラル類から構成される。タンパク質としては、カゼイン、乳清タンパク質濃縮物、乳清タンパク質分離物、α−カゼイン、β−カゼイン、β−ラクトグロブリンやα−ラクトアルブミンなどの乳タンパク質分画物、大豆タンパク質、さらにはこれらの加水分解物なとが用いられる。脂質としては、乳脂肪等の動物性油脂、大豆油等の植物性油脂やこれらの分別油、水添油、エステル交換油などが用いられる。糖質としては、デンプン、可溶性多渡類、デキストリン、ショ糖、乳糖、ブドウ糖、その他各種オリゴ糖などが利用できる。ビタミンとミネラルについては「日本国際酪農連盟発行、乳幼児食品を含む特殊用途食品のCODEX規格及び関連衛生作業規則、CAC/VOL.IX一第1版及びSupplement1、2、3、4(1993)」、「食品と科学社発行、1993年版指定品目食品添加物便覧(改定第31版)(1993)」、「食品と科学社発行、届け出制食品添加物・食品素材天然物便覧(第12版)(1992)」に記載されるビタミン、ミネラルが用いられる。即ち、ビタミンとして、ビタミンA、ビタミンB類、ビタミンD、ビタミンE、ビタミンK、葉酸、パントテン酸、β−カロチン、ニコチン酸アミドなどが用いられる。また、ミネラルとして、カルシウム、マグネシウム、カリウム、ナトリウム、鉄、銅、亜鉛、ヨウ素、マンガン、セレンなどが用いられる。さらに、栄養的価値を高めるために、アルギニン、タウリンなどのアミノ酸やヌクレオチド、コレステロール、ラクトフェリンなどを配合しても良い。タンパク質、脂肪、糖質、ビタミン、ミネラルの配合比率はとくに限定されないが、固形当たりそれぞれ5〜40重量%、5〜40重量%、30〜80重量%、0.005〜5重量%、0.005〜5重量%とすることが好ましい。これらの成分は、通常の乳児用調製乳を製造するために一般的に用いられるものであるが、本発明のGM3と多価不飽和脂肪酸を強化するために、GM3含量を高めた素材や、DHA及び/又はアラキドン酸を含む油脂を混合し、均質、殺菌、濃縮することにより得られる。又、得られた調製乳を噴霧乾燥して粉乳としても良い。
【0009】
これらの本発明脳機能改善剤を含む製剤又は組成物は、アルツハイマ−病、バーキンソン病などの老齢時に引き起こされる痴呆、記憶障害などの予防剤として投与される。これら製剤又は組成物は、主原料はほとんどのものが天然物であり、各成分については副作用がほとんど無いことが知られていることから、ヒト及び動物に対し安全に投与される。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下の実施例をもって本発明をより詳細に説明するが、これらは単に例示するのみであり、本発明はこれらによって何ら限定されるものではない。
【0011】
【実施例1】

Figure 0004034370
各成分を混合し、ガングリオシド4mg、DHA1.25mg及びアラキドン酸0.75mgを含む500mgの錠剤400個を製造した。
【0012】
【実施例2】
Figure 0004034370
各成分を良く混和し1号カプセルに充填し、カプセル剤300個を製造した。
【0013】
【実施例3】
乳児用調製粉乳の製造・1
脱脂乳240kgに、乳清蛋白質濃縮物7.5kg、乳糖44kgを溶解し、これにミネラル類と水溶性ビタミン類をそれぞれlkg溶解した溶液に、脂溶性ビタミン類を含む調整脂肪23.9gを混合した。さらに、このミックス溶液に、GM310gとDHA、アラキドン酸含有油脂(DHA、アラキドン酸含量は各々10%、DHA:アラキドン酸=1:1)200gを添加混合し、均質、殺菌、濃縮、乾燥して、粉乳100kgを得た。粉乳中には、GM310gとDHA、アラキドン酸が各々20gずつ含まれていた。
【0014】
【実施例4】
乳児用調製粉乳の製造・2
ホエー粉3.8kg、乳糖100g、水溶性ビタミン類とミネラル類各100gを、20kgの温湯に溶解した。これに脱脂乳3.7kgおよび脂溶性ビタミン類を含む調製脂肪23.9gを混合し、さらにGM32gとDHA、アラキドン酸含有油脂(DHA、アラキドン酸含量は20%及び5%、DHA:アラキドン酸=4:1)50gを添加混合し、均質、殺菌、濃縮、乾燥して、粉乳100kgを得た。粉乳中には、GM32gとDHA、アラキドン酸が10g及び2.5g含まれていた。
【0015】
【試験例1】
脳機能改善効果試験
本発明による脳機能改善効果を、ラットを用いた動物実験で評価した。即ち、体重10O〜120gのSD系雄ラット(4週齢)にA群からG群までの餌を毎日自由摂取させ、12ヶ月後にモリス型水迷路により記憶・学習試験を実施した。各群に摂取させた餌の組成を、表1に示す。モリス型水迷路試験は、1日4回を1週間行い、28回目の試験でプール内のゴールに到達するまでの時間(反応潜時)を測定し、A群からG群までの餌の影響を比較した。向、この反応潜時が短いほど、脳機能改善効果があったものと判断できる。結果を図1に示す。
【0016】
【表1】
Figure 0004034370
【0017】
この結果、通常の自然老化ラットの場合、1日4回の試験を7日間繰り返すと、プール内のゴールに到達するまでの時間である反応潜時は、通常30秒程度であるが(アニテックス,6, 13 (1995))、本発明脳機能改善剤を摂取させた群では、それよりも反応潜時は著しく低下した。一方、GM3以外のガングリオシドやGM3単独を摂取させた群では、ほとんど効果が認められなかった。また、DHA又はアラキドン酸単独とGM3を摂取させた群でも、その効果は弱かった。以上の結果より、本発明脳機能改善剤、即ちガングリオシドGM3とDHA及びアラキドン酸を組み合わせることにより、顕著な脳機能改善効果が認められた。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
従って、本発明によって提供される脳機能改善剤の有効性が確認された。本発明脳機能改善剤及びそれを含有する栄養組成物は、老齢時に引き起こされる痴呆、記憶障害などの予防剤として有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 実施例3における、本発明脳機能改善剤及び各種成分を含む組成物による脳機能改善効果(モリス型水迷路試験による反応潜時)を示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a brain function improving agent comprising GM3 or a combination of GM3 and GD3 and docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid . Furthermore, it is related with the nutrition composition containing a brain function improving agent. The brain function improving agent of the present invention and the nutritional composition containing the same are useful as preventive and / or therapeutic agents for dementia, memory impairment and the like caused by old age.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, Japan has been facing a rapidly aging society. According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare entrance dynamics survey and estimation (edited by the Ministry of Health and Welfare Population Research Institute, Demographic Data Collection, 1993), the elderly population over 65 years old is predicted to exceed 25% in 2000. An increase in disability and dementia is expected. Therefore, research and development of brain function improving drugs (brain circulation / metabolism improving drugs, anti-dementia drugs) are being promoted mainly by pharmaceutical manufacturers for the treatment of these brain diseases. Various drugs including cinnarizine, citicoline and tacrine Drugs are on the market (Bioindustry, 11, 410, 1994). As a matter of course, these pharmaceuticals are for patients with diseases, but from the viewpoint of preventing these diseases, it is necessary to pay attention to foods taken daily. In addition, health management from infancy will be necessary in the future. However, until now, few drugs have been developed that can be easily taken from infants to the elderly, and that suppress the decrease in brain function and have a function improving effect.
[0003]
In past studies, various components having an effect of improving brain function have been clarified. However, it is limited to some extent when it becomes a component that can be used in food and has no side effects. Examples thereof include phospholipids such as lecithin, and nucleic acids such as nucleotides and nucleosides. However, even if such a component is ingested, a remarkable effect cannot be obtained. For this reason, gangliosides and polyunsaturated fatty acids are attracting attention as new components for improving brain function. Ganglioside is a general term for sphingoglycolipids containing sialic acid, and is a component in which sugars such as glucose, galactose and sialic acid are bound to ceramide composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid. These gangliosides are abundant on the cell membranes of brain and nervous system tissues. In vivo hip, G M3, G D3, G M2, G M1, G D2, G D1a, but contains gangliosides such as G D1b and G T1a, thus many species, and versatile This is one of the characteristics of ganglioside. As an effect of ganglioside, an effect of suppressing the adhesion of pathogenic E. coli to intestinal mucosal cells (Idota et al., Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 59, 69 (1995)) is known. Furthermore, the effect that it and G M3 which G M1 to neutralize cholera toxin prevent infection of influenza virus (Kawakami et al., Food and development, 30, 10 (1995)) are known, Kambi from these effects A nutritional composition that suppresses infection of lobacter and diarrhea caused by infection (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-76894), and milk powder to which ganglioside is added to prevent infection and diarrhea (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-85684) are disclosed. Furthermore, the effect of promoting the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes and the production of immunoglobulin (Kimata et al., Eur. J. Immunol., 24, 2910 (1993)) and the effect of promoting the differentiation of macrophages (Saito et al., Japan) The Journal of Agricultural Chemistry, 67, 1750 (1993)) is also known. In addition, gangliosides are abundant in the brain and nervous system, suggesting that they are involved in the function of nerve cells. Ganglioside has a function to regenerate and promote the central and peripheral nerves (Nishino et al., Metabolism, 26, Special Issue, 279 (1989)). Therefore, ganglioside is used for the treatment of stroke, Parkinson's disease, or Alzheimer-type dementia. There are also reports that it is effective (Palo et al., Mol. Chem. Neuropathol., 21, 41 (1994), and Svennerholm, Life Sci., 5, 2125 (1994)).
[0004]
On the other hand, polyunsaturated fatty acids that have been attracting attention in recent years are classified into n-6 fatty acids represented by linoleic acid and n-3 fatty acids represented by α-linolenic acid. In addition to being included in many, it is involved in the maintenance and regulation of life as a precursor of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. In recent studies, the relationship between brain functions has attracted attention because of the high polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brain and nervous system. The brain contains about 5-10% and 10-15% of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid per fatty acid (Neuringer, Nutrition Reviews, 51, 238 (1995); Farguharson et al., Lancet Japanese edition, 8 (1993.3)), these fatty acids are the most abundant in the tissues that make up the living body. In relation to these fatty acids and brain function, for example, it is known that when DHA is ingested by rats, the lightness discrimination learning ability is improved (Fujimoto, Food Science, 161, 41 (1991)). In addition, studies on actions on NMDA receptors and acetylcholine release have been made, and elucidation of action mechanisms on brain functions is also being promoted.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention relates to a brain function improving agent comprising GM3 or a combination of GM3 and GD3 and docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid . Furthermore, it is related with the nutritional composition containing these brain function improving agents. The brain function improving agent of the present invention and the nutritional composition containing the same are useful as a preventive agent for dementia and memory impairment caused by old age.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a brain function improving agent comprising ganglioside and polyunsaturated fatty acid. Specifically, the present invention relates to a brain function improving agent in which ganglioside is GM3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids are docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. Furthermore, it is related with the nutritional composition containing these brain function improving agents. The brain function improving agent of the present invention and the nutritional composition containing the same are useful as a preventive agent for dementia, memory impairment and the like caused by old age.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of gangliosides used in the present invention include monogangliosides (G M3 , G M1, etc.) to which one molecule of sialic acid is bonded, dicialogangiosides (G D3 , G D1b, etc.) to which two molecules are bonded, and trisialogangliosides to which three molecules are bonded. (G T1a etc.). Of these gangliosides, GM3 is most preferably used. The preparation of G M3 utilized in the present invention, since they are abundant in the brain and nervous system cells, can be extracted from mammalian brain or as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-279379 the available methods of preparing large quantities of G M3 by hydrolyzing ganglioside G D3 derived from milk. How to prepare a large quantity of G M3 by hydrolyzing Ganglioside G D3 derived from milk, as in JP-A-63-269992, the G D3 and mass production, in which the or acid exerting sialidase by desialylated, it can be mass-prepared G M3.
The polyunsaturated fatty acid used in the present invention is not limited as long as it has 18 or more carbon atoms and 3 or more double bonds, but is preferably DHA, EPA, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, dihomo- γ-Linolenic acid and arachidonic acid, particularly preferably DHA and arachidonic acid are used. The sources of these fatty acids include fish oil such as skipjack oil and tuna oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, perilla oil, rapeseed oil, evening primrose oil, borage grass oil, and polyunsaturated using microorganisms and algae. Oils and fats with increased fatty acid content, phospholipids such as egg yolk lecithin, etc. are used.
G M3 is preferably per composition 100 g (solid) is 0.5 to 500 mg, particularly preferably added 1~50mg per composition 100 g (solid). DHA and arachidonic acid are preferably added in an amount of 5 to 500 mg per 100 g (solid) of the composition, particularly preferably 25 to 100 mg per 100 g (solid) of the composition. At this time, the content ratio of DHA and arachidonic acid is preferably 10: 1 to 1: 2, particularly preferably 2: 1 to 1: 1.
In order to further enhance the effect of the brain function improving agent of the present invention, other components such as phospholipids such as lecithin and nucleic acids such as nucleotides may be combined.
[0008]
The nutritional composition containing the brain function improving agent of the present invention can be administered orally or parenterally from infants to adults and further to elderly people. When administered orally, the form is not particularly limited, but for childcare such as tablets, capsules, etc. using appropriate excipients or carriers, or infant formula, follow-up milk, mature formula, etc. It can be added to formulas, formulas for premature babies tailored to various pathologies, formulas for special diseases, or oral and enteral nutrients. At this time, since the polyunsaturated fatty acid is unstable to oxidation, an antioxidant can be used. Moreover, since fish oil etc. have a peculiar odor, you may use a masking agent, a flavor, etc.
Among the nutritional compositions containing the brain function improving agent of the present invention, in particular, infant formula is described in detail below. Infant formulas are composed of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Examples of proteins include casein, whey protein concentrate, whey protein isolate, α-casein, β-casein, milk protein fractions such as β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin, soy protein, and these A hydrolyzate is used. Examples of lipids include animal oils such as milk fat, vegetable oils such as soybean oil, fractionated oils thereof, hydrogenated oils, and transesterified oils. As the saccharide, starch, soluble many kinds, dextrin, sucrose, lactose, glucose, and other various oligosaccharides can be used. For vitamins and minerals, “Published by the Japan International Dairy Federation, CODEX Standards for Special Use Foods Including Infant Foods and Related Sanitation Work Rules, CAC / VOL.IX 1st Edition and Supplements 1, 2, 3, 4 (1993)”, "Food and Science Co., Ltd., 1993 edition designated food additive manual (revised 31st edition) (1993)", "Food and Science Co., Ltd., notification system for food additives and food materials natural product manual (12th edition) ( 1992) ”is used. That is, vitamin A, vitamin Bs, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid, β-carotene, nicotinamide and the like are used as vitamins. As minerals, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, copper, zinc, iodine, manganese, selenium and the like are used. Furthermore, amino acids such as arginine and taurine, nucleotides, cholesterol, lactoferrin and the like may be blended in order to increase nutritional value. The blending ratio of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral is not particularly limited, but is 5 to 40% by weight, 5 to 40% by weight, 30 to 80% by weight, 0.005 to 5% by weight, and. It is preferable to set it as 005 to 5 weight%. These ingredients are commonly used to produce normal infant formulas, but in order to enhance the GM3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids of the present invention, a material with an increased GM3 content Alternatively, it is obtained by mixing fats and oils containing DHA and / or arachidonic acid, homogenizing, sterilizing and concentrating. Moreover, the obtained prepared milk may be spray-dried to obtain powdered milk.
[0009]
The preparation or composition containing these brain function improving agents of the present invention is administered as a prophylactic agent for dementia and memory impairment caused by old age such as Alzheimer's disease and Birkinson's disease. These preparations or compositions are safely administered to humans and animals since most of the main raw materials are natural products and it is known that there are almost no side effects for each component.
[0010]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, which are merely illustrative and the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0011]
[Example 1]
Figure 0004034370
Each component was mixed to produce 400 500 mg tablets containing 4 mg ganglioside, 1.25 mg DHA and 0.75 mg arachidonic acid.
[0012]
[Example 2]
Figure 0004034370
Each component was mixed well and filled into a No. 1 capsule to produce 300 capsules.
[0013]
[Example 3]
Manufacture of infant formula 1
In 240 kg of skim milk, 7.5 kg of whey protein concentrate and 44 kg of lactose were dissolved, and 13.9 kg of minerals and water-soluble vitamins were dissolved in this solution, and 23.9 g of adjusted fat containing fat-soluble vitamins was mixed. did. Furthermore, the mix solution, G M3 10 g and DHA, arachidonic acid-containing oil (DHA, arachidonic acid content are each 10%, DHA: arachidonic acid = 1: 1) 200g was added and mixed, homogeneous, sterilization, concentration, drying As a result, 100 kg of milk powder was obtained. During milk powder, G M3 10 g and DHA, arachidonic acid contained respectively by 20g.
[0014]
[Example 4]
Manufacture of infant formula
3.8 kg of whey powder, 100 g of lactose, 100 g of water-soluble vitamins and minerals were dissolved in 20 kg of hot water. Preparation fat 23.9g containing this skim milk 3.7kg and fat-soluble vitamins were mixed, further G M3 2 g and DHA, arachidonic acid-containing oil (DHA, content of arachidonic acid is 20% and 5%, DHA: arachidonic Acid = 4: 1) 50 g was added and mixed, and homogenized, sterilized, concentrated and dried to obtain 100 kg of milk powder. During milk powder, G M3 2 g and DHA, arachidonic acid contained 10g and 2.5 g.
[0015]
[Test Example 1]
Brain function improvement effect test The brain function improvement effect of the present invention was evaluated by an animal experiment using rats. That is, SD male rats (4 weeks old) weighing 10 O to 120 g were allowed to freely ingest food from Group A to Group G every day, and after 12 months, a memory / learning test was performed using a Morris water maze. Table 1 shows the composition of the food fed to each group. Morris water maze test is conducted 4 times a day for 1 week, and the time (reaction latency) to reach the goal in the pool is measured in the 28th test, and the influence of food from group A to group G Compared. On the other hand, it can be determined that the shorter the response latency, the better the brain function. The results are shown in FIG.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004034370
[0017]
As a result, in the case of normal spontaneously aged rats, if the test 4 times a day is repeated for 7 days, the reaction latency, which is the time to reach the goal in the pool, is usually about 30 seconds (Anitex , 6, 13 (1995)), in the group ingested the brain function improving agent of the present invention, the reaction latency was significantly lower than that. On the other hand, in the group that was ingested the ganglioside and G M3 alone other than G M3, little effect was observed. Also in the group was ingested DHA or arachidonic acid alone and G M3, the effect was weak. From the above results, a remarkable brain function improving effect was recognized by combining the brain function improving agent of the present invention, that is, ganglioside GM3 , DHA and arachidonic acid.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, the effectiveness of the brain function improving agent provided by the present invention was confirmed. The brain function improving agent of the present invention and the nutritional composition containing the same are useful as a preventive agent for dementia, memory impairment and the like caused by old age.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 shows the brain function improving effect (reaction latency by Morris type water maze test) by a composition containing the brain function improving agent of the present invention and various components in Example 3. FIG.

Claims (3)

GM3またはGM3及びGD3の組み合わせと、ドコサヘキサエン酸とアラキドン酸とからなる脳機能改善剤。 A brain function improving agent comprising GM3 or a combination of GM3 and GD3 and docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid . 組成物100g(固形)あたりGM3を0.2mg〜500mg、並びにドコサヘキサエン酸及びアラキドン酸を5mg〜500mg含む、請求項1記載の脳機能改善剤。  The brain function improving agent according to claim 1, comprising 0.2 mg to 500 mg of GM3 and 5 mg to 500 mg of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid per 100 g (solid) of the composition. GM3またはGM3とGD3との組み合わせと、ドコサヘキサエン酸アラキドン酸を含有する脳機能改善作用を有する栄養組成物。 GM3 or a combination of GM3 and GD3, nutritional composition having a brain function improving action containing a docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid.
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JP2001158736A (en) * 1999-11-30 2001-06-12 Snow Brand Milk Prod Co Ltd Agent for preventing and improving osteoarthropathy
JP2003048831A (en) 2001-08-02 2003-02-21 Suntory Ltd Composition having preventing and ameliorating action on symptom or disease caused by decrease in brain function
ATE519380T1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2011-08-15 Unilever Nv SUPPORT COGNITIVE FUNCTION
JP4993852B2 (en) 2004-09-17 2012-08-08 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Composition having a preventive or ameliorating effect on symptoms or diseases accompanied by behavioral abnormalities caused by stress
JP5967855B2 (en) 2005-06-30 2016-08-10 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Composition having an activity of reducing daytime activity and / or depressive symptoms
DK1800675T3 (en) 2005-12-23 2011-09-05 Nutricia Nv Compositions comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins and manganese and / or molybdenum and nucleosides / nucleotides for the treatment of dementia
WO2008027991A2 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Martek Biosciences Corporation USE OF DPA(n-6) OILS IN INFANT FORMULA
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JP2009019025A (en) * 2007-07-13 2009-01-29 Suntory Ltd Improving agent of disorder or symptom accompanying with senescence or dementia of non-human animal
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JP5496163B2 (en) * 2011-10-19 2014-05-21 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Composition having an effect of preventing or ameliorating symptoms or diseases caused by a decrease in brain function
WO2018002937A1 (en) * 2016-06-29 2018-01-04 Hadasit Medical Research Services & Development Limited Combinations of beta-glycolipides and 4-[(2-amino-3,5-dibromophenyl)methylamino]cyclohexan-1-ol, compositions and uses thereof in the treatment of disorders associated with protein misfolding and protein aggregations
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