JP4514151B2 - Roller bearing cage and roller bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roller bearing retainer and a roller bearing.

  Conventionally, as a roller bearing retainer, there is one described in JP 2005-048834 A (Patent Document 1). This cage is made of a metal plate material, and a small-diameter annular portion and a large-diameter annular portion are connected by a plurality of column portions to form a pocket for accommodating a tapered roller. Since it is made of a metal plate, it has excellent heat resistance. An outer end portion in the axial direction of the small-diameter annular portion is bent inward in the radial direction. The conventional tapered roller bearing secures the radial strength of the cage by bending the axially outer end of the small-diameter annular portion inward in the radial direction. However, when the thickness of the cage is reduced due to a request for weight reduction of the cage, there is a problem that the strength is insufficient only by bending the small-diameter annular portion.

  Further, in order to maintain the strength of the cage, the cage becomes rigid when the thickness of the cage is increased as in the conventional case or further thickened. When roller bearings are used under moment load conditions or sudden acceleration / deceleration conditions, the rollers will advance and delay. However, roller bearings incorporating rigid cages should be used under moment load conditions or rapid acceleration / deceleration conditions. Then, the cage cannot follow the advance and delay of the roller, and the roller and the inner circumferential surface of the cage pocket are in strong contact. Due to this strong contact, there is a problem that seizure occurs between the roller and the cage pocket, or the cage breaks due to a tensile force or a compressive force generated between adjacent pockets.

  Further, in the case where the roller bearing cage is a needle roller bearing cage, there is a problem that the strength is very weak because the end portion in the axial direction cannot be bent in the radial direction.

Further, conventionally, a resin cage made of polyamide 66 or the like is also known. Resin cages are excellent in flexibility and light weight, but are generally inferior in heat resistance to those made of metal (particularly steel). For example, polyamide 66 has an upper limit temperature of about 120 ° C. Even for heat-resistant resins, for example, the upper limit temperature for use is about 200 ° C. and is very expensive. In addition, the resin cage is deteriorated by the oil content and additives of the lubricant, and there is a problem that the strength is lowered. In addition, it is also known that when a resin cage is manufactured by injection molding, a weld is generated and the portion is easily broken. Resin has a larger coefficient of linear expansion than metals (especially steel) and ceramics. When a resin cage is incorporated in a roller bearing, the roller bearing is subject to torque fluctuations, noise generation, Occurrence occurs.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-048834 (FIG. 1)

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a roller bearing cage that is lightweight and compact, has high strength, and is excellent in flexibility, heat resistance, and oil resistance, and a roller bearing having the roller bearing cage.

In order to solve the above problems, the roller bearing cage of the present invention is
An annular main body portion formed of a steel plate and connected between a plurality of annular portions by a plurality of pillars to form a pocket,
Together are formed by electroplating on the surface of the body portion, e Bei a multilayer film formed by laminating such that adjacent layers consisting of mutually different metals or alloys,
The multilayer film is characterized in that nickel layers and copper layers are alternately laminated more than 20 times .

  According to the present invention, the multilayer film formed on the surface of the cage is formed with an interface that hinders dislocation movement between adjacent layers, thereby improving the strength and hardness of the cage. Can be made. In addition, since the strength of the cage is improved, it has sufficient strength against the tensile and compressive forces in the circumferential direction of the cage caused by roller behavior such as advance and delay of the roller and skew, and damage the cage. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the life of the roller bearing provided with this roller bearing retainer can be extended.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the mechanical strength is increased by the multilayer film formed on the surface of the main body, so that the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the main body can be reduced. Accordingly, the cage has high strength and hardness, is flexible, has excellent heat resistance, wear resistance, and oil resistance, and is lightweight and can be easily damaged. Moreover, since the strength of the cage is increased, the cage can be thinned. When the cage is manufactured by press molding, the cage can be formed to a thickness that facilitates high accuracy by press molding, so that the accuracy of the pocket inner peripheral surface of the cage can be greatly improved. As a result, roller behavior such as roller skew reduction can be stabilized, the rotational torque and vibration of the bearing can be significantly reduced, and the life of the roller bearing can be extended.

  In addition, according to the present invention, since the multilayer film is formed by electroplating, the multilayer film can be formed at a much lower cost compared to the case where the multilayer film is formed by vacuum deposition. Further, a multilayer film having a substantially uniform layer thickness can be formed on the entire end face.

  In one embodiment of the roller bearing cage, the multilayer film is formed on the radially outer surface of the main body.

  According to the above embodiment, the multilayer film formed on the outer surface in the axial direction does not slide in contact with the rollers, and therefore the multilayer film can be maintained for a long time.

  Moreover, as for the roller bearing retainer of one Embodiment, the said multilayer film is formed on the inner surface of the radial direction of the said main-body part.

  According to the above embodiment, the multilayer film formed on the inner surface in the axial direction does not slide in contact with the rollers, so that the multilayer film can be maintained for a long time.

Moreover, according to the present invention, a multilayer film can be satisfactorily formed by electroplating.

  In one embodiment of the roller bearing cage, the thickness of each nickel layer in the multilayer film is 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and the thickness of each copper layer in the multilayer film is 3 nm or more and 100 nm. The thickness of the multilayer film is more than 200 nm and 8000 nm or less.

  The present invention includes a case where only one nickel layer is present in the multilayer film. In this case, the thickness of the only nickel layer in the multilayer film is 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less. Further, the present invention includes a case where only one copper layer is present in the multilayer film. In this case, the thickness of the only copper layer in the multilayer film is 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less.

  According to the embodiment, the thickness of the nickel layer is 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less, the thickness of the copper layer is 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and the thickness of the entire multilayer film is larger than 200 nm. It is possible to make the number of interfaces that are obstructive to a sufficient number to improve the strength of the cage. Moreover, since the strength of the cage is improved, the axial dimension of the cage can be reduced. Moreover, since the thickness of the multilayer film is 8000 nm or less, the material cost and manufacturing cost of the multilayer film can be reduced. In addition, since the strength of the cage is improved, it has sufficient strength against the tensile and compressive forces in the circumferential direction of the cage caused by roller behavior such as advance and delay of the roller and skew, and damage the cage. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the life of the roller bearing provided with this roller bearing retainer can be extended. Moreover, since the strength of the cage is increased, the cage can be thinned. When the cage is manufactured by press molding, the cage can be formed to a thickness that facilitates high accuracy by press molding, so that the accuracy of the pocket inner peripheral surface of the cage can be greatly improved. As a result, roller behavior such as roller skew reduction can be stabilized, the rotational torque and vibration of the bearing can be significantly reduced, and the life of the roller bearing can be extended.

Further, according to the present invention, the hardness of the cage surface can be remarkably increased as compared with the case where the interface between the nickel layer and the copper layer is 20 or less.

  The roller bearing of the present invention is characterized by including the roller bearing retainer of the present invention.

  According to the present invention, since the roller bearing of the above invention is provided, the strength of the cage can be increased and the strength of the roller bearing can be increased. Further, since the cage is thin and the cage is light, the roller bearing can be reduced in weight. Moreover, since the thickness of the cage is thin, the strength and hardness are large and the cage is flexible. Therefore, the reliability of the roller bearing can be improved. In addition, it is excellent in heat resistance and oil resistance, is lightweight, hardly damaged, and has a small torque.

  According to the roller bearing cage of the present invention, it is provided with a multilayer film formed by electroplating on the surface of the main body and laminated so that adjacent layers are made of different metals or alloys. Therefore, in the multilayer film formed on the surface of the cage, an interface that hinders dislocation movement is formed between adjacent layers, thereby improving the strength and hardness of the cage. it can. Since the mechanical strength is increased by the multilayer film formed on the surface of the main body, the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the main body can be reduced. Accordingly, the cage has high strength and hardness, is flexible, has excellent heat resistance, wear resistance, and oil resistance, and is lightweight and can be easily damaged. Moreover, since the strength of the cage is increased, the cage can be thinned. When the cage is manufactured by press molding, the cage can be formed to a thickness that facilitates high accuracy by press molding, so that the accuracy of the pocket inner peripheral surface of the cage can be greatly improved. As a result, roller behavior such as roller skew reduction can be stabilized, the rotational torque and vibration of the bearing can be significantly reduced, and the life of the roller bearing can be extended.

  Further, according to the roller bearing cage of the present invention, the mechanical strength is increased by the multilayer film formed on the end face of the main body portion, so that the axial thickness of the main body portion can be reduced. The cage can be made compact and lightweight.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the multilayer film is formed by electroplating, it can be formed at a much lower cost. Further, a multilayer film having a substantially uniform layer thickness can be formed on the entire end face.

  Further, according to the roller bearing cage of the present invention, the thickness of each nickel layer in the multilayer film is 15 nm or more, the thickness of each copper layer in the multilayer film is 3 nm or more, and Since the film thickness of the multilayer film exceeds 200 nm, the number of interfaces between the copper layer and the nickel layer can be made sufficient to improve the strength of the cage. Therefore, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the multilayer film can be increased, and the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the cage can be improved.

  According to the roller bearing cage of the present invention, the thickness of each nickel layer is 100 nm or less, the thickness of each copper layer is 100 nm or less, and the thickness of the multilayer film is 8000 nm. Since it is below, in addition to being able to fully strengthen the strength of the cage, the material cost and manufacturing cost of the multilayer film can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view in the axial direction of a tapered roller bearing cage according to an embodiment of the roller bearing cage of the present invention.

  This tapered roller bearing cage is a press cage formed by punching a steel plate. This retainer for tapered roller bearing has an annular shape, and extends between the large-diameter annular portion 1, the small-diameter annular portion 2, and the large-diameter annular portion 1 and the small-diameter annular portion 2. In addition, a plurality of column parts (not shown) arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction are included. A space surrounded by the large-diameter annular portion, the small-diameter annular portion, and the column portion adjacent in the circumferential direction is a pocket 3 that accommodates the tapered roller.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the surface layer portion of the outer surface in the radial direction of the tapered roller bearing retainer indicated by 5 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the surface layer portion of the surface 5 includes a main body portion 20 and a multilayer film 21 formed on the entire surface of the main body portion 20. The main body 20 is made of SPCC (cold rolled steel) material. The multilayer film 21 is formed by alternately stacking six nickel layers 22 and copper layers 23, and the multilayer film 21 has five interfaces between the nickel layers 22 and the copper layers 23. As shown in FIG. 2, a nickel layer 22 is in contact with the main body portion 20. The thickness of each nickel layer 22 is set to 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and the thickness of each copper layer 23 is set to 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less. The film thickness of the multilayer film is set to be over 200 nm and over 8000 nm. The multilayer film 21 is formed on the main body 21 by electroplating. In the multilayer film 21, when calculated from the lattice constant at the interface between the nickel layer 22 and the copper layer 23, one nickel atom causes a lattice mismatch with respect to approximately 38 or 39 nickel atoms geometrically. It is possible that

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for forming a multilayer film on the main body.

  This device includes a potentiostat 31, first, second, third and fourth containers 32, 33, 34, 35, a reference electrode 36, a counter electrode 37, a heater 38, a KCl salt bridge 40, And a Lugin tube 41.

  The first container 32 is filled with a KCl saturated aqueous solution, and the second and third containers 33 and 34 are filled with a plating solution containing nickel ions and copper ions. The fourth container 35 is filled with water, and the water is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heater 38. A silver-silver chloride electrode is arranged as a reference electrode 36 in the first container 32 so as to contact the solution, and a counter electrode 37 made of nickel or platinum is in contact with the solution in the third container 34. Are arranged to be. A voltage is applied between the counter electrode 37 and the sample 42, and the potential difference between the reference electrode 36 and the sample 42 is measured by the potentiostat 31, and the counter electrode 37 and the sample are adjusted so as to have a predetermined value. The voltage to be applied between the terminal 42 and the terminal 42 is controlled. The third container 34 is disposed in the fourth container 35 and is adjusted to a predetermined temperature by water filled in the fourth container 35.

  In this apparatus, a multilayer film is formed on the main body as follows. First, a main body portion 42 made of an annular SPCC plate material in which semicircular portions and flat portions having through holes are alternately repeated is arranged in the third container 33 so as to come into contact with the plating solution. To do. Next, the temperature of the water in the fourth container 35 is maintained at about 40 ° C. by the heater 38 and the temperature of the plating solution is set to about 40 ° C. Then, the potentiostat 31 is used between the reference electrode 36 and the main body 42. A voltage is applied between the counter electrode 37 and the main body 42 so that the potential difference between the counter electrode 37 and the main body 42 becomes an appropriate value for depositing copper and nickel. Specifically, nickel has a higher ionization tendency than copper and tends to stay in the plating solution. From this, by applying a voltage between the counter electrode 37 and the main body 42 so that the potential of the main body 42 with respect to the reference electrode 36 is in two predetermined stages, copper is deposited when the potential difference is small. A layer is formed, and when the potential difference is large, nickel is deposited to form a nickel layer. Here, when nickel is deposited, there is a problem in that it is impossible to prevent copper deposition more precious than nickel. For this reason, in the plating solution, the copper ion concentration is set lower than the nickel ion concentration, so that the copper is prevented from being deposited as much as possible during the nickel deposition.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the potential difference measured between the reference electrode 36 and the main body portion 42 and a film formation state on the main body portion 42 in that case.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the deposition potential is set appropriately, nickel and copper are deposited substantially independently and alternately from one film-forming solution due to the difference in ionization tendency between nickel and copper. Can be made. Here, the potential difference when depositing nickel having a higher ionization tendency than copper is larger than the potential difference when depositing copper.

  FIG. 5 shows a multilayer film in a case where a nickel film having the same layer thickness and a copper layer having the same layer thickness as the nickel layer are alternately stacked to form a multilayer film having a total film thickness of 1000 nm. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the layer thickness of one layer inside, and the hardness of a multilayer film.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the Vickers hardness of the multilayer film is maximized when the thickness of one layer is 20 nm.

  FIG. 6 shows a copper film in a multilayer film formed by alternately laminating a nickel layer having an overall film thickness of 2000 nm and a layer thickness of all 20 nm and a copper layer having the same layer thickness and varying the layer thickness. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the layer thickness of one layer, and the Vickers hardness of a multilayer film. In FIG. 6, a point with a large diameter is a point which shows the average of a measured value. As shown in FIG. 6, when the copper layer thickness is 5 nm, the Vickers hardness of the multilayer film is maximized. According to further experiments, when the thickness of the nickel layer in the multilayer film is set to 20 nm ± 5 nm and the thickness of the copper layer in the multilayer film is set to 5 nm ± 2 nm, the hardness and wear resistance of the cage surface The characteristics such as can be made the best.

  FIG. 7A shows an angular distribution of X-ray diffraction intensity when a multilayer film formed by alternately laminating a nickel layer having a layer thickness of 100 nm and a copper layer having a layer thickness of 100 nm is irradiated with X-rays. FIG. 7B shows the X-ray diffraction intensity when a multilayer film formed by alternately laminating a nickel layer having a layer thickness of 5 nm and a copper layer having a layer thickness of 5 nm is irradiated with X-rays. It is a figure which shows angle distribution. In FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, a is a peak that almost coincides with a peak that can be theoretically calculated from the lattice constant of copper. In FIG. 7A, b is a nickel peak of the multilayer film although it is slightly shifted from the theoretically calculated peak to the lower angle side.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, when the layer thickness of each layer is 100 nm, both a copper peak and a nickel peak appear, while when each layer has a layer thickness of 5 nm, Only the peak of appears. This is presumed that in a multilayer film having a thickness of 5 nm for each layer, the lattice constant (misfit dislocation), which will be described later, disappears following the change in the lattice constant of nickel. Thus, it is considered that when the thickness of each layer is made too small, the misfit dislocation, which is considered to be an obstacle to the dislocation motion, disappears, so that the hardness of the multilayer film is rapidly decreased.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing misfit dislocations at the interface between the nickel layer and the copper layer. In FIG. 8, a dotted line 60 indicates an interface. Since the lattice constant of nickel atoms is smaller than the lattice constant of copper atoms, like the nickel atoms shown in 61, nickel atoms with no corresponding copper atoms, that is, lattice mismatches occur (misfits). There will be nickel atoms. The expression of good mechanical properties of the multilayer film is thought to be because this lattice mismatch becomes an obstacle to dislocation motion. As shown in FIG. 8, the more nickel atoms that cause lattice mismatch, the more the surface cracks can be suppressed and the crack propagation from the main body can be suppressed. Can be improved. Further, the tensile strength is increased, the hardness is increased, and the wear resistance is improved.

  FIG. 9 shows the measurement of the hardness of a test piece obtained by alternately laminating a nickel layer having a thickness of 75 nm and a copper layer having a layer thickness equal to the nickel layer 20 times, 40 times, and 60 times. It can be seen that the average hardness increases as the number of laminations increases, but there is no significant difference in hardness between the number of laminations of 40 and 60. According to further experiments, the same tendency was observed when the thickness of the nickel layer was 15 nm and the thickness of the copper layer was 5 nm. That is, a better effect can be obtained when the thickness of the entire multilayer film in the present invention exceeds 200 nm and the number of laminations exceeds 20 times.

  FIG. 10A is a scanning electron micrograph of the surface of a multilayer film in which nickel layers each having a thickness of 50 nm and copper layers having a thickness equal to the nickel layer are alternately formed so that the total film thickness is 10 μm. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, the surface is not smooth but grows in a granular form. Thus, it is known that when the unevenness is severe, not only the frictional characteristics are deteriorated but also the unevenness becomes crack nuclei and the fatigue characteristics are also decreased.

  FIG. 10B is a scanning electron micrograph of the surface of a multilayer film in which a nickel layer having a thickness of 50 nm and a copper layer having a thickness equal to the nickel layer are alternately formed so that the total film thickness is 8 μm. FIG. 10C shows scanning of the surface of a multilayer film in which nickel layers each having a thickness of 50 nm and copper layers having a thickness equal to the nickel layer are alternately formed so that the total film thickness becomes 6 μm. It is a figure which shows a type | mold electron micrograph. FIG. 10D shows a scanning electron microscope on the surface of a multilayer film in which a nickel layer having a thickness of 50 nm and a copper layer having a thickness equal to the nickel layer are alternately formed so that the total thickness is 4 μm. It is a figure which shows a photograph.

  According to further experiments, it was found that when the total film thickness exceeds about 8 μm within the range of the thickness of each layer, the surface shape becomes extremely uneven. Therefore, the effect of the present invention is exhibited when the thickness of the entire multilayer film in the present invention is 8000 nm or less. Note that the thickness of the entire multilayer film is preferably 6000 nm or less, and more preferably, the thickness of the entire multilayer film is 4000 nm or less.

  FIG. 11 shows a total film thickness obtained by alternately laminating nickel layers having the same layer thickness and copper layers having the same layer thickness as the nickel layer at positions indicated by 80 (positions indicated by oblique lines). Is a test piece in which a multilayer film of 5 nm is formed. For comparison, a Ni single layer plating having a thickness of 5 μm and a test piece without coating were also prepared instead of the multilayer film. FIG. 12 shows the results of a compression-tension repeated fatigue test of this test piece.

  As shown in FIG. 12, it can be seen that the test piece formed with the multilayer film has a longer fatigue life than Ni plating, regardless of the layer thickness. Also, unlike the results of FIGS. 7 and 8, it can be seen that even when the layer thickness is 100 nm, there is a great effect in improving the fatigue strength.

  That is, if the layer thickness of the nickel layer is 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less, the layer thickness of the copper layer is 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and the number of laminations exceeds 20, the interface that hinders dislocation movement A sufficient number can be present, and the mechanical characteristics of the cage can be greatly improved. Moreover, since the total thickness of the multilayer film is 8000 nm (8 μm) at the maximum, the material cost and the manufacturing cost of the multilayer film can be reduced.

  That is, if the layer thickness of the nickel layer is 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less, the layer thickness of the copper layer is 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and the number of laminations exceeds 20, the interface that hinders dislocation movement A sufficient number can be present, and the mechanical properties of the cage, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the cage can be greatly improved. Moreover, since the total thickness of the multilayer film is 8000 nm (8 μm) at the maximum, the material cost and the manufacturing cost of the multilayer film can be reduced. Moreover, since the strength of the cage is increased, the cage can be thinned. When the cage is manufactured by press molding, the cage can be formed to a thickness that facilitates high accuracy by press molding, so that the accuracy of the pocket inner peripheral surface of the cage can be greatly improved. As a result, roller behavior such as roller skew reduction can be stabilized, the rotational torque and vibration of the bearing can be significantly reduced, and the life of the roller bearing can be extended.

  Further, according to the roller bearing cage of the above embodiment, the mechanical strength is increased by the multilayer film 21 formed on the surface of the main body 20, so that the thickness of the main body 20 can be reduced. Therefore, the cage can be made compact and lightweight.

  Further, according to the roller bearing cage of the above embodiment, since the multilayer film 21 is formed by electroplating, the multilayer film 21 is formed on the main body as compared with the case where the multilayer film is formed by vacuum deposition. It can be formed regardless of the size of the portion 20, and can be formed at a much lower cost. In addition, the multilayer film 21 having a substantially uniform layer thickness can be formed on the entire surface of the cage.

  In the roller bearing cage of the above-described embodiment, the material of the main body is SPCC. However, in the present invention, the material of the main body of the cage may be a metal material other than SPCC.

  Of course, the combination of metals or alloys that form the multilayer film and whose adjacent layers are different from each other is not limited to the combination of a nickel layer and a copper layer. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, even in the combination of a cobalt layer and a copper layer, an interface that hinders dislocation motion is formed, the hardness increases, and the strength of the cage can be improved.

  In addition, the metal and alloy which form a multilayer film, such as a combination of a nickel-cobalt alloy layer and a copper layer and a combination of a nickel layer and a silver layer, can be appropriately selected according to required performance.

  Furthermore, the combination of metals or alloys that form the multilayer film and whose adjacent layers are different from each other may be a combination of three or more metals or alloys.

  In addition, depending on the combination of the composition of the multilayer film to be formed and the material of the cage, the multilayer film can be easily formed on the cage, and the adhesion between the cage and the multilayer film can be improved. A film serving as an intermediate layer may be provided between the cage and the multilayer film.

  Further, the roller bearing cage of the above embodiment is a tapered roller bearing cage, but the roller bearing cage of the present invention may be a cylindrical roller bearing.

  If the roller bearing retainer of the present invention is employed as the roller bearing retainer, the strength of the retainer is high, and thus the reliability of the roller bearing can be improved. Further, since the cage is thin and the cage is light, the roller bearing can be reduced in weight.

It is sectional drawing of the axial direction of the tapered roller bearing retainer of one Embodiment of the roller bearing retainer of this invention. It is a schematic cross section which shows the structure of the surface layer part of the outer surface of the radial direction of the said cage for roller bearings. It is a schematic diagram which shows the apparatus for forming a multilayer film in a main-body part. It is a figure showing an example of the time change of the voltage applied between a reference electrode and a main-body part, and the formation condition of the film | membrane on a main-body part at the time of applying the voltage. When a multilayer film is formed by alternately laminating a nickel layer having the same layer thickness and a copper layer having the same layer thickness as the nickel layer, the layer thickness in the multilayer film and the hardness of the multilayer film It is a figure which shows the relationship. In a multilayer film formed by alternately laminating nickel layers each having a thickness of 20 nm and nickel layers having the same layer thickness and varying layer thickness, the thickness of one copper layer and the Vickers hardness of the multilayer film It is a figure which shows the relationship. It is a figure which shows angle distribution of X-ray diffraction intensity when X-ray | X_line is irradiated to the multilayer film formed by laminating | stacking alternately the nickel layer which has a layer thickness of 100 nm, and the copper layer which has a layer thickness of 100 nm. It is a figure which shows angle distribution of X-ray diffraction intensity when X-ray | X_line is irradiated to the multilayer film formed by alternately laminating | stacking the nickel layer which has a layer thickness of 5 nm, and the copper layer which has a layer thickness of 5 nm. It is a figure which shows typically the misfit dislocation in the interface of a nickel layer and a copper layer. It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the Vickers hardness of the test piece which laminated | stacked the nickel layer whose layer thickness is all 75 nm, and the copper layer of the layer thickness equal to a nickel layer alternately 20 times, 40 times, and 60 times. It is a figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the surface of the multilayer film which formed the nickel layer whose all layer thickness is 50 nm, and the copper layer of layer thickness equal to a nickel layer alternately so that the whole film thickness might be set to 10 micrometers. . It is a figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the surface of the multilayer film which formed the nickel layer whose all layer thickness is 50 nm, and the copper layer of the layer thickness equal to a nickel layer alternately so that the whole film thickness might be set to 8 micrometers. . It is a figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the surface of the multilayer film which formed the nickel layer whose all layer thickness is 50 nm, and the copper layer of the layer thickness equal to a nickel layer alternately so that the whole film thickness might be set to 6 micrometers. . It is a figure which shows the scanning electron micrograph of the surface of the multilayer film which formed the nickel layer whose all layer thickness is 50 nm, and the copper layer of the layer thickness equal to a nickel layer alternately so that the whole film thickness might be set to 4 micrometers. . For fatigue testing, a nickel layer having the same layer thickness and a copper layer having the same layer thickness as the nickel layer are alternately laminated to form a multilayer film having a total film thickness of 5 μm at the position indicated by oblique lines. It is a figure which shows a test piece. It is a figure which shows the result of having done the compression-tension repeated fatigue test of the test piece of FIG. In the case where a multilayer film is formed by alternately laminating a cobalt layer having the same layer thickness and a copper layer having the same layer thickness as the cobalt layer, the layer thickness in the multilayer film and the hardness of the multilayer film It is a figure which shows the relationship.

5 Outer surface in the radial direction of the cage 20, 42 Main body part 21 Multilayer film 22 Nickel layer 23 Copper layer 60 Interface 61 Nickel atoms causing lattice mismatch

Claims (5)

An annular main body portion formed of a steel plate and connected between a plurality of annular portions by a plurality of pillars to form a pocket,
Together are formed by electroplating on the surface of the body portion, e Bei a multilayer film formed by laminating such that adjacent layers consisting of mutually different metals or alloys,
The above-mentioned multilayer film is a roller bearing cage characterized in that nickel layers and copper layers are alternately laminated more than 20 times . The roller bearing retainer according to claim 1,
The roller bearing retainer, wherein the multilayer film is formed on a radially outer surface of the main body. The roller bearing retainer according to claim 1 or 2,
The roller bearing retainer, wherein the multilayer film is formed on a radially inner surface of the main body. In the roller bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The thickness of each nickel layer in the multilayer film is 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less, the thickness of each copper layer in the multilayer film is 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and the film thickness of the multilayer film is A roller bearing retainer characterized by being over 200 nm and 8000 nm or less. A roller bearing comprising the roller bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .