JP4509528B2 - Nonwoven fabric for hydroponics rice seedling - Google Patents
Nonwoven fabric for hydroponics rice seedling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4509528B2 JP4509528B2 JP2003362025A JP2003362025A JP4509528B2 JP 4509528 B2 JP4509528 B2 JP 4509528B2 JP 2003362025 A JP2003362025 A JP 2003362025A JP 2003362025 A JP2003362025 A JP 2003362025A JP 4509528 B2 JP4509528 B2 JP 4509528B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- rice
- seedling
- seedlings
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Description
本発明は、稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布に関するものであり、さらに詳しくは水耕栽培育苗用不織布からなる長尺マット上面に水稲苗を出芽させて、田植え機による移植栽培を容易にする稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布に関する。 The present invention relates to a non-woven fabric for hydroponics and raising seedlings of rice, and more specifically, rice that allows rice seedlings to germinate on the upper surface of a long mat made of non-woven fabric for hydroponic cultivation and to facilitate transplantation cultivation by a rice planting machine. It relates to the non-woven fabric for hydroponics seedling raising.
従来、田植え機による移植栽培として、育苗箱で育苗した水稲苗を移植する方法が挙げられるが、この育苗箱を用いた水稲苗の栽培方法は、灌水した苗マットに水稲種子を播種し、出芽棚に並べたり、または積み上げて保温し、出芽すれば棚または積み上げから下ろして、ビニールハウス内に並べてトンネルをかけ、緑化、硬化を図り灌水・保温して育苗している。
そして、移植に適した状態まで育苗したら、育苗箱をトラックに積み込み、狭い畦を歩いて本田に持ち込み、苗マットを箱から剥がして田植え機に搭載し、田植え機の掻き取り爪で水稲苗を苗マットから掻き取って田植えを行っている。
Conventionally, transplanting cultivation using a rice planting machine includes a method of transplanting paddy rice seedlings grown in a seedling box. They are arranged on shelves or stacked and kept warm, and if they emerge, they are taken down from the shelves or stacked, placed in a greenhouse, tunneled, greened, cured, irrigated and kept warm and raised.
Then, after raising the seedling to a state suitable for transplanting, load the seedling box on the truck, walk on the narrow fence and bring it into Honda, peel off the seedling mat from the box and mount it on the rice planting machine. The rice is scraped from the seedling mat and planted.
近年、育苗基材として薄い不織布からなる水稲苗栽培用の長尺シート、いわゆるロングマットを水耕培用水槽の底部に敷き込み、長尺シート上面に水稲種子を播種し、水槽内に水または培養液を循環して育苗する水稲苗の栽培方法が開発されている。この方法で育苗された水稲苗は、移植に適した状態になると、長尺シートを巻き込んで田植え機に搭載し、巻きほぐした長尺シートから水稲苗を掻き取って田植えを行うことができる。 In recent years, a long sheet for paddy rice seedling cultivation made of a thin non-woven fabric as a seedling seedling substrate, a so-called long mat is laid on the bottom of a water culture tank, seeded with rice seeds on the top of the long sheet, and water or A method for cultivating rice seedlings for raising seedlings by circulating a culture solution has been developed. When the rice seedlings grown by this method are in a state suitable for transplantation, a long sheet can be rolled up and mounted on a rice planting machine, and the rice seedlings can be scraped off from the unrolled long sheet to perform rice planting.
ところが、この長尺シートを構成する不織布は、落綿を精練・脱色したものを各繊維にばらばらにし、この繊維を縦横に絡ませて圧縮し、接着剤で繊維相互を固定して布状としているので、催芽した水稲種子が出根する際に長尺シートを貫通しにくく、水稲種子が持ち上げられるいわゆる根上がりが生じやすい。この根上がりが生じると、長尺シートに根が食い込まないので、水稲苗は各個にバラバラとなり、田植え機にかからなくなる。 However, the non-woven fabric constituting this long sheet is a cloth-like shape obtained by scouring and decoloring fallen cotton into various fibers, entangled and compressed the fibers vertically and horizontally, and fixed the fibers with an adhesive. Therefore, when the germinated paddy rice seeds are rooted, it is difficult to penetrate the long sheet, and so-called uprooting of the paddy rice seeds is likely to occur. When this uprooting occurs, the roots do not bite into the long sheet, and the rice seedlings fall apart into individual pieces and do not start on the rice planting machine.
そこで、長尺シートを形成する不織布として、孔あき不織布を使用し、催芽した水稲種子が出根する際にシートを貫通し易くしようとする試みもなされている（例えば特許文献１および２参照）。しかしながら、かかる不織布は、孔の微妙な空き具合によって、催芽した水稲種子が出根しない箇所や欠株が発生したり、その成長が不揃いになったりするという問題があった。また、一般的な孔あき不織布では、田植え機の掻き取り爪で掻き取る際に切れにくかったり、横方向における湿潤伸度が大きすぎたりするため、均一に掻き取りにくく、いわゆる横ゆれが生じて欠株ができるという問題があった。また、上記特許文献においては、該育苗用不織布の長手方向及び幅方向の引張強力の和が特定の範囲であることが開示されているが、かかる不織布は田植機によって苗を掻き取る際、育苗用不織布が容易に破断されてしまうという問題があった。 Therefore, an attempt has been made to use a perforated nonwoven fabric as a nonwoven fabric for forming a long sheet, and to easily penetrate the sheet when germinated paddy rice seeds are rooted (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). . However, such non-woven fabrics have a problem in that, due to the fine vacancy of the holes, the germinated paddy rice seeds are not rooted or missing, and the growth is uneven. In addition, in general perforated nonwoven fabric, it is difficult to cut when scraping with a scraping nail of a rice planting machine, or the wet elongation in the lateral direction is too large, so it is difficult to scrape uniformly, so-called lateral shaking occurs. There was a problem of stock shortages. Further, in the above patent document, it is disclosed that the sum of the tensile strengths in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings is within a specific range. There was a problem that the non-woven fabric was easily broken.
このような問題を解決するために、生分解複合繊維を用い、かつ特定の湿潤伸度を有する不織布が提案されている（特許文献３参照）。しかしながら、上記複合繊維の製造は煩雑さを伴い、不織布の品質管理も厳重に行う必要があるなど改善の余地が残されていた。
さらに、かかる不織布は、水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際の作業性が悪く、長尺シートが育苗装置に寸法どおり収まらず、端がめくれたりするなど均一な苗マットが得られず、その結果、均一な田植えが不可能となるケースがあった。
In order to solve such a problem, a nonwoven fabric using a biodegradable composite fiber and having a specific wet elongation has been proposed (see Patent Document 3). However, the production of the composite fiber is complicated, and there is still room for improvement, such as the need to strictly control the quality of the nonwoven fabric.
Furthermore, such a nonwoven fabric has poor workability when installed in a hydroponic cultivation seedling device, the long sheet does not fit in the seedling device as dimensions, and a uniform seedling mat cannot be obtained, such as turning over, as a result. There were cases where uniform rice planting was impossible.
本発明は、上述の問題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的は、不織布を水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際の作業性がよく、さらに発芽の成長に不揃いがなく、田植え機での掻き取りを容易にかつ均一に行うことができる稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. The purpose of the present invention is good workability when a nonwoven fabric is installed in a hydroponic cultivation seedling device, and there is no uneven growth of germination. It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-woven fabric for growing rice seedlings that can be easily and uniformly scraped.
本発明者は、田植え機による移植栽培を容易にする育苗用不織布に関し鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の開孔部と物理的特性を有する不織布から得られる稲の水耕栽培用育苗用ふ織布とすることにより、発芽の成長に不揃いなく、田植え機での掻き取りを均一に、容易に行うことができ、かつ該不織布を水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際の作業性を改善することができることを見い出し、本発明に到達した。 As a result of earnest research on a nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings that facilitates transplantation cultivation by a rice planting machine, the present inventor has developed a seedling weed for hydroponic cultivation of rice obtained from a nonwoven fabric having a specific opening and physical properties. By using a cloth, it is possible to uniformly and easily scrape with a rice planting machine without unevenness in the germination growth, and to improve workability when installing the nonwoven fabric on a hydroponic seedling raising device. The present invention has been found.
すなわち本発明は、セルロース系繊維からなり、目付が１５〜５０ｇ／ｍ２である稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布であって、該不織布を構成する短繊維ウェブがセミランダムウェブまたはパラレルウェブであり、該不織布には、径が１．０〜２．５ｍｍの開孔部が７７５０１〜２３２５００個／ｍ ２ （５０〜１５０個／ｉｎｃｈ２ ）存在し、かつ該不織布の縦方向における強度が５．０Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以上、横方向における強度が１．１Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以下であり、縦および横方向における剛軟度がそれぞれ４０ｍｍ以上であって、その表面の少なくとも一部が生分解性ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂によって被覆されてなる稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布である。
That is, the present invention is a nonwoven fabric for hydroponic cultivation seedling of rice having a basis weight of 15 to 50 g / m 2 , and the short fiber web constituting the nonwoven fabric is a semi-random web or a parallel web. The nonwoven fabric has 77501 to 232500 holes / m 2 ( 50 to 150 holes / inch 2 ) having a diameter of 1.0 to 2.5 mm, and the nonwoven fabric has a strength in the machine direction of 5. 0 kg / 5 cm or more, transverse strength of 1.1 kg / 5 cm or less, longitudinal and lateral bending strengths of 40 mm or more, respectively, and at least a part of the surface is made of biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol resin. This is a non-woven fabric for hydroponic cultivation seedling of rice that is coated.
本発明により、発芽の成長に不揃いなく、田植え機での掻き取りを均一にかつ容易に行うことのできる稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布が得られ、かつ該育苗用不織布を水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際の作業性を改善することができる。 According to the present invention, a non-woven fabric for hydroponic cultivation seedlings of rice that can be uniformly and easily scraped with a rice planting machine without unevenness in germination growth, and the non-woven fabric for raising seedlings is hydroponically cultivated seedling raising apparatus. It is possible to improve the workability at the time of installation in the factory.
本発明の稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布を構成する繊維は、レーヨン、木綿あるいは各種パルプ等のセルロース系繊維である。これらは単独または２種以上を組合わせたものであってもよいが、不織布を製造する上で、レーヨン繊維のみを用いることがより好ましい。本発明の育苗用不織布は、上記の繊維を用いて、短繊維不織布とすることが好ましい。本発明において、セルロース系繊維の繊維長は、２０〜１００ｍｍが好ましく、３０〜７０ｍｍがさらに好ましい。 The fiber which comprises the nonwoven fabric for hydroponic cultivation seedlings of the rice of this invention is cellulosic fibers, such as rayon, cotton, or various pulps. These may be used singly or in combination of two or more, but it is more preferable to use only rayon fibers in producing a nonwoven fabric. The seedling nonwoven fabric of the present invention is preferably a short fiber nonwoven fabric using the above-mentioned fibers. In the present invention, the fiber length of the cellulosic fiber is preferably 20 to 100 mm, and more preferably 30 to 70 mm.
該不織布の製造方法としては、公知の方法を用いることができる。例えば、上記の短繊維をカーディングし、短繊維ウェブを得ることができる。かかる短繊維ウェブは、セミランダムウェブ、パラレルウェブ等が用いることが望ましい。一方、ランダムウェブやクロスウェブはヨコ方向の繊維の絡みが発生し、田植え機で苗を掻きとる際に掻きとり斑が生じやすく好ましくない。 As a method for producing the nonwoven fabric, a known method can be used. For example, the above short fibers can be carded to obtain a short fiber web. The short fiber web is desirably a semi-random web, a parallel web, or the like. On the other hand, random webs and cross webs are unfavorable because they cause entanglement of fibers in the horizontal direction and tend to cause spotting when a seedling is scraped off by a rice planting machine.
該不織布の目付は、１５〜５０ｇ／ｍ２であり、好ましくは２０〜４０ｇ／ｍ２である。目付が１５ｇ／ｍ２未満であると、育苗マットとしての形状を保ちにくく作業に支障をきたし、一方、目付が５０ｇ／ｍ２を超えると不織布の組織が緻密となり、後述する開孔部を形成しにくい。 Basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is 15 to 50 g / m 2, preferably 20 to 40 g / m 2. If the basis weight is less than 15 g / m 2 , the shape of the seedling mat is difficult to maintain, and the work is hindered. On the other hand, if the basis weight exceeds 50 g / m 2 , the structure of the nonwoven fabric becomes dense and forms an opening portion described later. Hard to do.
また、本発明の不織布においては、その縦方向における強度が５．０Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以上、好ましくは５．５Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以上であり、さらに好ましくは６．０〜８．０Ｋｇ／５ｃｍである。
一方、横方向における強度は１．１Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以下、好ましくは１．０Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以下、さらに好ましくは０．５〜０．９Ｋｇ／５ｃｍである。ここで、強度の測定方法は、後述する方法により求めることができる。
Moreover, in the nonwoven fabric of this invention, the intensity | strength in the vertical direction is 5.0 Kg / 5cm or more, Preferably it is 5.5 Kg / 5 cm or more, More preferably, it is 6.0-8.0 Kg / 5cm.
On the other hand, the strength in the lateral direction is 1.1 kg / 5 cm or less, preferably 1.0 kg / 5 cm or less, and more preferably 0.5 to 0.9 kg / 5 cm. Here, the strength measurement method can be obtained by the method described later.
本発明においては、縦方向における強度が５．０Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以上でかつ横方向における強度が１．１Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以下であることによって、田植機による移植時の欠株率を減少させることができる。さらに不織布を水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際、その縦方向において５．０Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以上の強度を有することによってその形態安定性を十分に保持することができるので作業性を改善することができる。縦方向における強度が５．０Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ未満であったり、また横方向における強度が１．１Ｋｇ／５ｃｍを超えると、田植機によって苗を掻き取る際、育苗用不織布が破断されにくく、苗が損傷しやすくなったり、横ゆれにより欠株が生じる結果となる。なお、本発明にいう縦方向とは、不織布のＭＤ（マシンディレクション）方向を示すものであり、本発明の育苗用不織布とした場合に、該不織布の長さ方向をいう。一方、横方向とは不織布のＣＤ（クロスディレクション）方向をいい、該不織布の幅方向をいう。 In the present invention, when the strength in the vertical direction is 5.0 Kg / 5 cm or more and the strength in the horizontal direction is 1.1 Kg / 5 cm or less, it is possible to reduce the stock loss rate at the time of transplantation by the rice transplanter. Furthermore, when the nonwoven fabric is installed in the hydroponic cultivation seedling device, the form stability can be sufficiently maintained by having a strength of 5.0 kg / 5 cm or more in the longitudinal direction, so workability can be improved. . If the strength in the longitudinal direction is less than 5.0 kg / 5 cm or the strength in the transverse direction exceeds 1.1 kg / 5 cm, the seedling nonwoven fabric is not easily broken when the seedling is scraped off by the rice transplanter, and the seedling is damaged. This results in a lack of stock due to the ease of swinging or side shaking. The longitudinal direction referred to in the present invention indicates the MD (machine direction) direction of the nonwoven fabric, and refers to the length direction of the nonwoven fabric when the nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings of the present invention is used. On the other hand, the transverse direction refers to the CD (cross direction) direction of the nonwoven fabric and the width direction of the nonwoven fabric.
また本発明の育苗用不織布は、特定の大きさの開孔部を有する点に特徴を有する。本発明にいう「開孔部」とは、該不織布に形成される孔であり、かつ孔の内部には繊維のはみ出しや交差が少ないものをいう。かかる開孔部を有する不織布は、上記の繊維からなるカードウェブを水流によって処理することにより得ることができる。水流における噴射の水流量、水流速度、位置、角度等、さらには金網のメッシュの大きさなどを調整することによって、開孔部が形成される。 Moreover, the nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings of this invention has the characteristics in having an opening part of a specific magnitude | size. The “perforated part” as used in the present invention is a hole formed in the nonwoven fabric, and means a part where there is little protrusion or crossing of fibers inside the hole. Such a nonwoven fabric having an aperture can be obtained by treating a card web made of the above fibers with a water stream. By adjusting the water flow rate, water flow speed, position, angle, etc. of the jet in the water flow, as well as the size of the mesh of the wire mesh, the aperture is formed.
本発明における開孔部を得るためには、生産速度と水流を噴射する圧力の設定が重要である。通常、水流絡合不織布の生産に際しては、水流絡合は一段のみでなく、数段階に分けて不織布ウェブに直接水流が噴射される。最初はウェブを乱さないために、１０〜２０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2の低圧力が適用され、二段目、三段目以降において、３０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2またはそれ以上の水圧が適用されている。 In order to obtain the opening portion in the present invention, it is important to set the production speed and the pressure for injecting the water flow. Usually, when producing a water-entangled nonwoven fabric, the water-entanglement is not limited to a single stage, but a water stream is directly sprayed onto the nonwoven web in several stages. To initially not to disturb the web, apply a low pressure of 10-20 kg / cm 2, the second stage, the third stage onward, 30kg / cm 2 or more pressure is applied.
しかし本発明においては、水圧を２０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2以下と通常よりもかなり低い水圧
で処理を施すことが望ましく、好ましくは３〜１０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２である。しかもウエブの上に型板を配置し、型板の上より水流を噴射することが繊維を余分に絡合させることなく、しかも開孔部を明瞭に形成できる点で好ましい。水圧が２０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2を超えるような高水圧の場合、各孔の周辺部に繊維が絡みすぎて、催芽した水稲種子が出根する際に不織布を貫通しにくくなり、発芽の際に苗の高さが不揃いとなる。
However, in the present invention, it is desirable to perform the treatment at a water pressure of 20 kg / cm 2 or less, which is considerably lower than usual, and preferably 3 to 10 kg / cm 2 . In addition, it is preferable to dispose a template on the web and inject a water stream from the top of the template so that the openings can be clearly formed without excessively entwining the fibers. When the water pressure is higher than 20 kg / cm 2 , the fibers are entangled in the periphery of each hole, making it difficult to penetrate the non-woven fabric when the germinated rice seeds are rooted. The height is uneven.
従来の孔あき不織布の孔はその大きさも形状も不揃いであるが、本発明における開孔部は、その形状がほぼ均一であり、かつその径は１．０〜２．５ｍｍであり、好ましくは１．２〜２．０ｍｍである。開孔部の径が１．０ｍｍ未満であると、催芽した水稲種子が出根する際に不織布を貫通しにくくなり、発芽の際に苗の高さが不揃いとなる。また、均一な田植えができなくなったり、苗の根が育苗用不織布の裏面に張りにくくなり、根上がりが生じる。一方、孔の径が２．５ｍｍを超えると、種が均一に配置されず、その結果、発芽が不揃いとなる。なお、ここで孔の径とは孔の短径および長径の双方をいう。 The pores of the conventional perforated nonwoven fabric are irregular in size and shape, but the apertures in the present invention are almost uniform in shape and the diameter is 1.0 to 2.5 mm, preferably 1.2-2.0 mm. When the diameter of the opening is less than 1.0 mm, it becomes difficult to penetrate the non-woven fabric when the germinated rice seeds are rooted, and the height of the seedlings becomes uneven during germination. In addition, uniform rice planting is not possible, and the roots of seedlings are difficult to stick to the back side of the nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings, resulting in rooting. On the other hand, if the hole diameter exceeds 2.5 mm, the seeds are not uniformly arranged, and as a result, germination is uneven. In addition, the diameter of a hole means both the short diameter and long diameter of a hole here.
また、該育苗用不織布に存在する開孔部の数は７７５０１〜２３２５００個／ｍ ２ （５０〜１５０個／ｉｎｃｈ２ ）であり、好ましくは、１０８５０１〜１８６０００個／ｍ ２ （７０〜１２０個／ｉｎｃｈ２ ）である。開孔部が７７５０１個／ｍ ２ （５０個／ｉｎｃｈ２ ）未満のように少ない場合、または２３２５００個／ｍ ２ （１５０個／ｉｎｃｈ２ ）を超える場合は均一な発芽が得られにくい。
本発明においては、不織布にかかる開孔部が設けることによって、催芽した水稲種子の成長が不揃いになったりすることもなく、所期の目的が達成されるのである。
Further, the number of openings that exist in該育seedlings for nonwoven is 77,501 to 232,500 pieces / m 2 (50 to 150 pieces / inch 2), preferably, from 108,501 to 186,000 pieces / m 2 (70 to 120 pieces / inch 2 ) . If the number of apertures is as small as less than 77501 / m 2 ( 50 / inch 2 ) or exceeds 232500 / m 2 ( 150 / inch 2 ) , uniform germination is difficult to obtain.
In the present invention, the intended purpose is achieved without providing uneven growth of the germinated paddy rice seeds by providing the apertures on the nonwoven fabric.
本発明の育苗用不織布は、その縦および横方向における剛軟度がそれぞれ４０ｍｍ以上であり、好ましくは７０ｍｍ以上、特に好ましくは８０〜２００ｍｍである。不織布の剛軟度が４０ｍｍ未満であると、その形態安定性が悪く、育苗用不織布を水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際の作業性が劣る。 The nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings of the present invention has a bending resistance of 40 mm or more, preferably 70 mm or more, particularly preferably 80 to 200 mm, in the vertical and horizontal directions. If the bending resistance of the nonwoven fabric is less than 40 mm, the form stability is poor, and the workability when the nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings is installed in the hydroponics seedling raising device is inferior.
本発明の稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布は、上記で得られた不織布の生分解性ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂によってその表面の少なくとも一部、好ましくは表面全体を被覆する。該ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂の被覆量は不織布に対して０．１〜１０質量％が好ましい。ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂の被覆量が不織布に対して０．１質量％未満であると被覆による効果が十分に得られない場合がある。一方、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂の被覆量が不織布に対して１０質量％を超えると不織布が硬くなり作業性が悪化する場合がある。
該ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂としては、完全けん化ポリビニルアルコール樹脂や部分けん化ポリビニルアルコール樹脂を用いることができるが、水に濡れた際に即座に溶解しない点からけん化度８０％モル以上のポリビニルアルコール樹脂が好ましい。
The non-woven fabric for hydroponic cultivation seedlings of rice of the present invention covers at least a part of the surface, preferably the entire surface, with the biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol resin of the non-woven fabric obtained above. The coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass with respect to the nonwoven fabric. When the coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is less than 0.1% by mass with respect to the nonwoven fabric, the effect of the coating may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol resin exceeds 10% by mass with respect to the nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven fabric becomes hard and workability may deteriorate.
As the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, a fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin or a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin can be used, but a polyvinyl alcohol resin having a saponification degree of 80% mol or more is preferable because it does not immediately dissolve when wet. .
該樹脂の被覆方法は特に限定されず、プリント法、パダー法、浸漬法等が挙げられるが、効率よく被覆できる点からプリント法、パダー法が好ましく採用される。 The method for coating the resin is not particularly limited, and includes a printing method, a padder method, a dipping method, and the like, but a printing method and a padder method are preferably employed from the viewpoint of efficient coating.
本発明において、不織布に生分解性のけん化ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂でコーテイングし、縦および横方向における剛軟度が特定の範囲とすることによって、不織布を水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際、その巾方向の端部における折れ、曲り、重なり等が生じることなく水耕栽培育苗装置にぴったり沿って安定的に設置することができ、その作業性を改善することができる。 In the present invention, the nonwoven fabric is coated with a biodegradable saponified polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and the nonwoven fabric is placed in the hydroponic cultivation seedling device by setting the bending resistance in the vertical and horizontal directions to a specific range. It can be stably installed along the hydroponic cultivation seedling device without causing bending, bending, overlapping or the like at the end of the direction, and its workability can be improved.
以上のように本発明によれば、発芽の成長が不揃いなく、田植え機での掻き取りを均一にかつ容易に行うことができ、さらには育苗用不織布を水耕栽培育苗装置に設置する際の作業性を改善した稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, germination growth is not uneven, scraping with a rice planting machine can be performed uniformly and easily, and further, when a nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings is installed in a hydroponic cultivation raising seedling device It is possible to provide a non-woven fabric for raising hydroponic rice seedlings with improved workability.
以下、実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に何ら制限されるものではない。なお、本実施例中の各物性値は下記の方法により測定されたものである。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, this invention is not restrict | limited to these Examples at all. In addition, each physical property value in a present Example is measured by the following method.
（１）目付
ＪＩＳ Ｌ１０８５に準拠して測定した。
(1) Measured according to basis weight JIS L1085.
（２）強度（引張強度）
ＪＩＳ Ｌ１０９６のストリップ法に準じ、幅５ｃｍ×長さ１５ｃｍの試料片１０点を準備し、定速伸長型引張試験機（東洋ボールドウイン社製、「テンシロンＵＴＭ−４−１−１００」）を用い、掴み間隔１０ｃｍ、引張速度１０ｃｍ／分の条件にて最大引張強力を測定し、試験片１０点の平均値を育苗用不織布の強度（Ｋｇ／５ｃｍ幅）とした。なお、縦方向における引張強度を測定する際は、試験片の長手方向が不織布の長手方向（ＭＤ方向）と一致するようにし、横方向における引張強度を測定する際は、試験片の長手方向が不織布の幅方向（ＣＤ方向）と一致するよう測定した。
(2) Strength (tensile strength)
In accordance with the strip method of JIS L1096, 10 sample pieces having a width of 5 cm and a length of 15 cm were prepared, and a constant speed extension type tensile tester (manufactured by Toyo Baldwin, “Tensilon UTM-4-1-100”) was used. The maximum tensile strength was measured under the conditions of a grip interval of 10 cm and a tensile speed of 10 cm / min, and the average value of 10 test pieces was defined as the strength (Kg / 5 cm width) of the nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings. When measuring the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal direction of the test piece is made to coincide with the longitudinal direction (MD direction) of the nonwoven fabric, and when measuring the tensile strength in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction of the test piece is It measured so that it might correspond with the width direction (CD direction) of a nonwoven fabric.
（３）厚み
試料幅１０ｃｍ、試料長１０ｃｍの試料片を５点準備し、各々の試料片について、４．５ｇ／ｃｍ2の荷重を厚さ方向に印加して測定した厚みの平均値を不織布の厚みとした。
(3) Thickness Five sample pieces having a sample width of 10 cm and a sample length of 10 cm were prepared, and for each sample piece, an average value of the thicknesses measured by applying a load of 4.5 g / cm 2 in the thickness direction was nonwoven fabric. It was set as the thickness.
（４）引張伸度
（２）引張強度を測定するのと同様の方法にて測定し、不織布が破断した際の伸長率を引張伸度とした。
(4) Tensile elongation (2) The tensile elongation was measured by the same method as that for measuring the tensile strength, and the elongation rate when the nonwoven fabric broke was defined as the tensile elongation.
（５）剛軟度
ＪＩＳ L １０９６Ａ法（４５°カンチレバー法）に準拠し、縦（ＭＤ）方向および横（ＣＤ）方向における剛軟度を測定した。
(5) Bending softness In accordance with the JIS L 1096A method (45 ° cantilever method), the bending softness in the longitudinal (MD) direction and the transverse (CD) direction was measured.
（６）水稲苗の移植性
田植機に載せて苗の移植を行った際、不織布が良好に破断し、苗の掻き取り性の良いものを「良好」とし、不織布が破断しにくく、苗の掻き取り性の悪いものを「不良」と評価した。
(6) Transplantability of paddy rice seedlings When transplanting seedlings on a rice transplanter, the nonwoven fabric breaks well, the one with good scraping ability of the seedling is considered “good”, the nonwoven fabric is hard to break, Those having poor scraping properties were evaluated as “bad”.
レーヨン繊維（１．７ｄｔｅｘ、カット長４０ｍｍ）を用い、カード法によりパラレルウエブを得た。生産速度は６０ｍ／分であった。次いで、得られたウエブに８ｋｇ／ｃｍ2の水圧を、型板を通して適用し、ウェブを構成する繊維を交絡させるとともに開孔部を形成させ、不織布を得た。
得られた不織布に完全けん化ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂（クラレ社製）をパダーロールにてウェブに対して１．０質量％被覆した。
その後ウェブを乾燥し、本発明の稲の水耕栽培育苗用不織布を得た。なお、得られた育苗用不織布には、長径が２ｍｍ、短径が１．２ｍｍである開孔部が１３９５００個／ｍ ２ （９０個／ｉｎｃｈ２ ）存在し、孔は明瞭に開いていた。結果を表１に示す。
A parallel web was obtained by the card method using rayon fibers (1.7 dtex, cut length 40 mm). The production speed was 60 m / min. Next, a water pressure of 8 kg / cm 2 was applied to the obtained web through a template to entangle the fibers constituting the web and to form an aperture, thereby obtaining a nonwoven fabric.
The obtained nonwoven fabric was coated with 1.0% by mass of a fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) with a padder roll.
Thereafter, the web was dried to obtain a nonwoven fabric for hydroponic seedling raising of rice of the present invention. The obtained seedling nonwoven fabric had 139500 holes / m 2 ( 90 holes / inch 2 ) having a major axis of 2 mm and a minor axis of 1.2 mm, and the holes were clearly opened. The results are shown in Table 1.
次に、得られた育苗用不織布を２７５ｍｍ巾にスリットし、４００ｍ巻きロール（直径３５ｃｍ）とした。このロールを水耕栽培育苗装置（金子農機社製、巾２８０ｍｍ、長さ６ｍ）に設置した。設置した際にはその巾方向の端部における折れ、曲り、重なり等が生じることなく水耕栽培育苗装置にぴったり沿って安定的に設置することができた。 Next, the obtained nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings was slit into a width of 275 mm to obtain a 400 m roll (diameter 35 cm). This roll was installed in a hydroponic cultivation seedling device (manufactured by Kaneko Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd., width 280 mm, length 6 m). When installed, it was able to be installed stably along the hydroponic cultivation seedling device without causing bending, bending, overlapping, etc. at the end in the width direction.
さらに育苗用不織布上に稲の種子を播いた。稲の育苗（約２週間）後、該育苗用不織布を巻きとって苗ロール（ロングマット苗）とし、ロングマット用田植機（クボタ社製）にセットして田植えを行ったところ、不織布が良好に破断し、苗の掻き取り性の良く、順調に均一に田植えを行うことができた。 In addition, seeds of rice were sown on the nonwoven fabric for raising seedlings. After raising rice seedlings (about 2 weeks), the non-woven fabric for raising seedlings was wound up to form a seedling roll (long mat seedling) and set on a rice mating machine for long mat (manufactured by Kubota). The seedlings were ruptured and the seedlings were scraped well, and the rice was planted smoothly and uniformly.
比較例１
レーヨン繊維（１．７ｄｔｅｘ、カット長４０ｍｍ）１００％を使用し、クロスレイド法によるウエブを用いたこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして不織布を製造した。得られた不織布について実施例１と同様に播種し、稲の育苗後、シートに巻きとって苗ロールとし、田植機にセットして田植えを行ったところ、水耕栽培育苗装置に安定的に設置することができず、また不織布の破断性、苗の掻き取り性が不良で順調に田植えを行うことができなかった。（表１）
Comparative Example 1
A nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100% rayon fiber (1.7 dtex, cut length 40 mm) was used and a web by a cross-laid method was used. The obtained non-woven fabric was sown in the same manner as in Example 1, and after raising rice seedlings, it was wound around a sheet to form a seedling roll, set in a rice transplanter and planted in rice, and stably installed in a hydroponic cultivation seedling device. It was not possible to perform rice planting smoothly due to poor breakability of the nonwoven fabric and scraping ability of the seedlings. (Table 1)
比較例２
実施例１で得られたパラレルウエブをポリエステルモノフィラメント（繊維直径０．６ｍｍ）からなる平織ベルト上に導き、常法により水流を孔径０．１ｍｍ、孔ピッチ０．８ｍｍを有するノズルから水圧３０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２にて直接ウエブに噴射し、不織布を得た。生産速度は３０ｍ／分であった。
得られた不織布には、長径２．２ｍｍ、短径２．０ｍｍの孔が１７０５００個／ｍ ２ （１１０個／ｉｎｃｈ２ ）存在していたが、実施例１の開孔部に比して明瞭な孔ではなかった。
得られた不織布を育苗装置に設置したが、設置した際に不織布端部のしわなどが発生し、育苗装置への設置作業が順調でなく、作業性の悪いものであった。また、田植え機による田植え作業においても均一な苗の掻きとりができず、３％程度の掻きとり不良が生じた。（表１）
Comparative Example 2
The parallel web obtained in Example 1 was guided onto a plain woven belt made of polyester monofilament (fiber diameter 0.6 mm), and a water flow was supplied from a nozzle having a hole diameter of 0.1 mm and a hole pitch of 0.8 mm by a conventional method at a water pressure of 30 kg / cm. 2 was directly sprayed onto the web to obtain a nonwoven fabric. The production speed was 30 m / min.
The resulting nonwoven fabric, diameter 2.2 mm, but the hole in the minor axis 2.0mm is 170,500 pieces / m 2 (110 cells / inch 2) was present, clearly than the opening of Example 1 It was not a hole.
Although the obtained nonwoven fabric was installed in the seedling raising apparatus, when installed, wrinkles and the like of the nonwoven fabric end occurred, and the installation work on the seedling raising apparatus was not smooth and the workability was poor. In addition, even in the rice planting operation by the rice planting machine, uniform seedling could not be scraped off, and about 3% scraping failure occurred. (Table 1)
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003362025A JP4509528B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2003-10-22 | Nonwoven fabric for hydroponics rice seedling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003362025A JP4509528B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2003-10-22 | Nonwoven fabric for hydroponics rice seedling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005124445A JP2005124445A (en) | 2005-05-19 |
| JP4509528B2 true JP4509528B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
Family
ID=34641801
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003362025A Expired - Fee Related JP4509528B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2003-10-22 | Nonwoven fabric for hydroponics rice seedling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4509528B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4948037B2 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2012-06-06 | 王子製紙株式会社 | Medium sheet for hydroponics |
| JP6415362B2 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2018-10-31 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Water-soluble multilayer film and vegetation sheet using the same |
| CN104885890B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-09-05 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of machine-transplanted rice is without native simple method of raising seedling |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57138325A (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1982-08-26 | Kuraray Co | Underlay thin film of assembled pot for growing seedling |
| JP2940608B1 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-08-25 | ユニチカ株式会社 | Nonwoven fabric for raising rice seedlings |
| JP2002209460A (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2002-07-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Sheet for raising seedling for hydroponic |
| JP2003250350A (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-09 | Gunze Ltd | Long nursery mat |
-
2003
- 2003-10-22 JP JP2003362025A patent/JP4509528B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57138325A (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1982-08-26 | Kuraray Co | Underlay thin film of assembled pot for growing seedling |
| JP2940608B1 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-08-25 | ユニチカ株式会社 | Nonwoven fabric for raising rice seedlings |
| JP2002209460A (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2002-07-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Sheet for raising seedling for hydroponic |
| JP2003250350A (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-09 | Gunze Ltd | Long nursery mat |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005124445A (en) | 2005-05-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4509528B2 (en) | Nonwoven fabric for hydroponics rice seedling | |
| WO1998056232A1 (en) | Plant seed germination mat | |
| JP4873256B2 (en) | Laminated sheet and method for producing the same | |
| JP4189897B2 (en) | Non-woven fabric for rice seedling | |
| JP4546865B2 (en) | Surrounding vegetation introduction type erosion prevention material and surrounding vegetation introduction type erosion prevention method | |
| JP2002209460A (en) | Sheet for raising seedling for hydroponic | |
| JP4201064B2 (en) | Method for producing non-woven rice seedling material | |
| JP4256528B2 (en) | Rice cultivation method | |
| JP2003250350A (en) | Long nursery mat | |
| JP4151117B2 (en) | Granular water retention material for soil mixing | |
| JP3448612B2 (en) | Nonwoven fabric for raising rice seedlings and method for producing the same | |
| JP2940608B1 (en) | Nonwoven fabric for raising rice seedlings | |
| JPH06233632A (en) | Non-woven fabric sheet for protecting cultivated plant | |
| JP3709614B2 (en) | Raising seedling sheet and seedling raising method using the raising seedling sheet | |
| JP2002171830A (en) | Moss-planting sheet and method for manufacturing the same | |
| JP3903272B2 (en) | Seedling method | |
| JP2853948B2 (en) | How to irrigate plants | |
| JP7473956B2 (en) | Greening materials | |
| JPH09201127A (en) | Base material for plant growing | |
| JPH1084713A (en) | Seeding sheet for hydroponic seedling raising and its production | |
| JP3001073B2 (en) | Seedling rearing sheet | |
| JPH10102369A (en) | Nursery pot base material | |
| JP3124228U (en) | Moss vegetation sheet | |
| JP2005237305A (en) | Nonwoven fabric for raising seedling of paddy rice | |
| KR100346089B1 (en) | A method of preparing mixed drafting paper for plant growth and a mixed drafting paper prepared by the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20060921 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20080612 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090616 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090730 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100223 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100323 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20100413 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20100428 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130514 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140514 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |