JP3001073B2 - Seedling rearing sheet - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sheet suitable for sowing plants or growing seedlings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Nonwoven fabrics such as rayon fibers have been used for sowing or growing plants. For example, when planting crops on slopes,
When cultivating plants to build residential land or reinforce roads, etc., these places are sloping land, so there is a problem that seeds or seedlings may flow out or scatter due to rainfall, strong wind, etc. After sowing in soil, it is covered with a non-woven fabric for protection.

[0003]

As described above, a non-woven fabric is used to protect seeds and seedlings. However, conventionally used rayon-based ones have too high a biodegradability and are 4 to 6%. There was a disadvantage that it was decomposed in a month. Depending on the type of plant, this may be sufficient,
For example, it takes about one year to cure a lawn, and the nonwoven fabric must not be decomposed until it is sufficiently cured.
In the case of rayon, it decomposes before curing, and it has no meaning in protection. As described above, the conventional device is insufficient for a device requiring a long protection period.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has as its object to provide a seedling-growing sheet which has moderate biodegradability and does not decompose too quickly.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a single yarn fineness is 3.0 to 10.0 denier and an acetylation degree is 40 to 62.5%.
The seedling-growing sheet is made of a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 15 to 150 g / m ² , which comprises acetylcellulose long fibers in the range of (1) to (4).

In the present invention, the material constituting the nonwoven fabric has a single yarn fineness of 3.0 to 10.0 denier and an acetylation degree of 40.
Acetyl cellulose long fibers in the range of ６62.5%. Here, if the single-filament fineness of the acetylcellulose long fiber is less than 3.0 denier, the strength of the single yarn is low, so that single-thread cutting is likely to occur and handling is poor. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10.0 denier, it loses flexibility, does not fit well to the ground, does not stick cleanly, hinders the growth of germinated plants, and also requires an adhesive when manufacturing nonwoven fabric. Get up. The preferable range of the single yarn fineness is 4.
It is 0 to 8.0 denier.

[0007] If the acetylation degree of the acetylcellulose long fiber is within the above range, there is no problem that the biodegradability is so good that the acetylcellulose long fiber is decomposed too quickly. It is suitable as. If the degree of acetylation is less than 40%, the decomposition is too rapid, which is not preferable, while 62.5% is the limit of the degree of acetylation. The preferred range of the degree of acetylation is 53.
5-54.5%. The acetylation degree of the acetylcellulose long fiber is such that the lower the acetylation degree, the better the biodegradability, while the higher the acetylation degree, the lower the biodegradability. Therefore, by adjusting the degree of acetylation, a nonwoven fabric suitable for the purpose of use can be produced.

The growing sheet for seeds and seedlings of the present invention comprises such a nonwoven fabric of acetylcellulose long fibers, and is obtained by, for example, dry spinning acetylcellulose by a jet bonding method.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a method for producing such a nonwoven fabric.
This will be described below. That is, acetylcellulose dope, which is obtained by dissolving acetylcellulose flakes in acetone, is spun from each of the plurality of dry spinning cylinders 1, is taken up by the gusset roller 3 via the convergence guide 2, and is taken out from the nozzle gun 4 by the nozzle conveyor 4. Spray evenly.

[0010] Next, from a sprinkler 6 having a thin nozzle of 0.08 to 0.15 mm, 0.1 to 0.15 kg
Spray water in columns at a low pressure of / mm ² . This is because the high-pressure water disturbs the fibers sprayed on the screen conveyor, causing uneven thickness. The full-scale confounding is performed by injecting a high-pressure columnar flow of about 0.5 kg / mm ² from the water jet manifold 7. In addition, the jet injection hole (not shown) of the water jet manifold 7 has a diameter of 0.1 m.
m and a density of 25 to 30 holes / inch.

Then, after dewatering with a dewatering roll 8, a drier 9
, And calendered by a calendar 10, and wound up by a winder 11.

The shape of the obtained non-woven fabric is determined by the material of the screen, the thickness of the screen yarn, and the structure. These are not limited, but usually the number of meshes, that is, the mesh is 70 to 100 mesh / cm ^2. The wire mesh is made of stainless steel or bronze, flat, 2/1, 1/2,
2/2 oblique texts and ridges are used.

The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is 15 to 150 g.
/ M ² , preferably 40 to 80 g / m ² . 15g
If it is less than / m ^2, it is too thin to fix seedlings sufficiently, while if it exceeds 150 g / m ² , it is too thick and it does not fit well to the ground and does not stick neatly, so the growth of germinated plants is poor .

The thus obtained nonwoven fabric used in the present invention does not use an adhesive, and the other fibers are twisted around the fibers by the impact force of the jet water to form a small binding. Since it is made into a cloth with increased strength and contains no substances other than acetylcellulose, it does not adversely affect the soil and decomposes in the soil after one year or more.

Further, the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention, when covered with a flexible surface, may have irregularities on the ground, or even if various things such as stones, clumps of soil, dead branches, and roots are on the soil surface. It is suitable as a seedling and breeding sheet because it conforms to and adheres evenly to entangle. Also,
This nonwoven fabric can be further extended to increase the area. By doing so, it becomes thinner and more flexible and easily sticks to the soil, and can be covered while appropriately adjusting the type of seed and seedling, climatic conditions, soil conditions, and the like.

[0016]

The nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is supple and sticks neatly regardless of the unevenness of the ground, and can protect the soil. Thus, the seedlings are not blown off even in a strong wind, and the seedlings are not entangled with the fibers of the nonwoven fabric and flow out even in a strong rain.

In this nonwoven fabric, dense and thin portions of fibers are almost uniformly dispersed, and germination can be performed without any obstacle by piercing through the thin portion. ing.

The nonwoven fabric used in the present invention decomposes in about one year.
Decomposes into soil. The time required for sufficient cultivation depends on the plant, and cannot be determined unconditionally. However, it is usually sufficient if protection is provided for about one year. Note that the decomposition time of the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention can be easily adjusted by the degree of acetylation of the acetylcellulose long fiber, and if the decomposition time is to be shortened, the acetylation degree is low and the decomposition time is to be increased. Then, the degree of acetylation may be increased.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 Acetyl cellulose flakes 50 having a degree of acetylation of 54.7%
0 kg was dissolved in 1,580 kg of acetone to form a dope, and a non-woven fabric was manufactured according to the apparatus shown in FIG. That is, the acetylcellulose dope is spun from each of the plurality of dry spinning cylinders 1, and the focusing guide 2 and the gusset roller 3 are spun out.
, And sprayed evenly onto the screen conveyor 5 from the nozzle gun 4.

After that, columnar water was sprayed at 0.1 kg / mm ² from a sprinkler 6 having a nozzle having a diameter of 0.15 mm. After that, 0.5 from jet manifold 7
A high-pressure columnar water flow of kg / mm ² was jetted for confounding.
At this time, the jet injection holes used had a diameter of 0.1 mm and were arranged at a density of 25 holes / inch.

The acetyl cellulose filaments constituting the nonwoven fabric thus obtained had a single fiber fineness of 5.0 denier and the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric was 60 g / m ² .

This non-woven fabric is used for a lawn growing sheet,
The grass was raised on the slope. That is, a mixture of a lawn seed and a fertilizer was sprayed on the ground, and the lawn growing sheet was covered thereon. The sheet covered the soil while spreading it as appropriate, but also adhered well to irregularities on the ground, stones, clumps of soil, dead branches, roots, and the like.

Thereafter, a rainfall experiment was performed with artificial rain of 50 mm. After the experiment, when the soil was observed, the seeds were entangled with the nonwoven fabric and hardly flowed out. 10
The seeds germinated after days, but almost all the seeds germinated, indicating that no seeds had flowed out. The lawn was fully cured in about one year, during which time the nonwoven fabric remained undegraded.

Comparative Example 1 A lawn was cured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that rayon fiber was used instead of acetylcellulose long fiber. The nonwoven fabric made of rayon fiber was decomposed in 4 months. Oops.

[0025]

The growing sheet for seeds and seedlings of the present invention uses a nonwoven fabric made of acetylcellulose long fiber,
Since the rate of decomposition into the soil is slowed down and decomposed in about one year, it can be protected until plants such as lawns are sufficiently cured, and it is most suitable as a seedling raising sheet.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart showing an example of a manufacturing process of a nonwoven fabric used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dry spinning cylinder 2 Focusing guide 3 Gosette roller 4 Nozzle gun 5 Screen conveyor 6 Sprinkler 7 Water jet manifold 8 Dehydration roll 9 Dryer 10 Calendar 11 Winder

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-51-39246 (JP, A) JP-A-51-114227 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 13/00 A01G 13/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A single yarn fineness of 3.0 to 10.0 denier,
15 to 150 g / m ^{2 of} acetylcellulose long fibers having a degree of acetylation in the range of 40 to 62.5%.
Seedling raising sheet made of nonwoven fabric.