JP4505315B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention comprises a fuel gas flow path for laminating an electrolyte / electrode structure in which an anode side electrode and a cathode side electrode are provided on both sides of an electrolyte, and a separator, and supplying fuel gas along the anode side electrode, The present invention also relates to a fuel cell in which an oxidant gas flow path for supplying an oxidant gas along the cathode side electrode is formed.

  For example, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell has an electrolyte membrane / electrode structure (electrolyte / electrode structure) in which an anode side electrode and a cathode side electrode are respectively provided on both sides of an electrolyte membrane (electrolyte) made of a polymer ion exchange membrane. ) Is held by a separator. This type of fuel cell is normally used as a fuel cell stack by stacking a predetermined number of unit cells.

  In this fuel cell, a fuel gas, for example, a gas mainly containing hydrogen (hereinafter also referred to as hydrogen-containing gas) is supplied to the anode side electrode, while an oxidant gas, for example, A gas or air mainly containing oxygen (hereinafter also referred to as oxygen-containing gas) is supplied. In the fuel gas supplied to the anode side electrode, hydrogen is ionized on the electrode catalyst and moves to the cathode side electrode side through the electrolyte membrane. Electrons generated during that time are taken out to an external circuit and used as direct current electric energy.

  Incidentally, the amount of fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell is usually measured by a gas flow meter, and the amount of fuel gas corresponding to the load during operation of the fuel cell is always supplied to the fuel cell. So that it is controlled.

  In this case, in order to use the fuel cell for in-vehicle use, in order to reduce the cost and reduce the size, equipment (such as a gas flow meter) for measuring the amount of fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell is used. Must be omitted.

  However, since there is no means for detecting whether or not the fuel gas amount required for power generation is supplied to the fuel cell, a stoichiometric shortage (fuel gas shortage) is likely to occur particularly during high-load operation. Thereby, there exists a possibility that the electric power generation performance of a fuel cell may fall remarkably.

  Therefore, for example, a fuel cell control system disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. As shown in FIG. 12, the fuel cell 1 controlled using this system includes an electrolyte 2, a fuel electrode 3 joined to one surface of the electrolyte 2, and a joint to the other surface of the electrolyte 2. An air electrode (not shown) and a current collector 4 are provided.

  An insulator 5a is interposed between the electrolyte 2 and the current collector 4, and a flange 6 is disposed on the other surface of the current collector 4 with an insulator 5b interposed. A through hole 7 is formed near the end of the fuel electrode 3 from the flange 6 to the surface of the electrolyte 2, and a reference electrode (reference electrode) 8 is provided on the surface of the electrolyte 2 through the through hole 7. .

  A conductive wire 8a is connected to the reference electrode 8. The conductive wire 8a is inserted into an inner tube 9a disposed in the through hole 7, and an outer tube 9b is coaxially connected to the inner tube 9a. It is arranged. While hydrogen is introduced into the inner tube 9a, hydrogen is discharged between the inside of the outer tube 9b and the outside of the inner tube 9a.

JP 2001-338667 A (FIG. 1)

  However, in the above prior art, since the anode potential is as high as about 0.3 V, the performance is considerably lowered. This is because, in a normal power generation state, if the anode reaction is ideally performed, the anode potential is approximately 0V. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to measure accurately with the reference electrode 8 during normal power generation with a low anode potential.

  In addition, a through hole 7 is formed from the flange 6 to the surface of the electrolyte 2, and an inner tube 9 a and an outer tube 9 b are disposed in the through hole 7, and the lead wire of the reference electrode 8 provided on the surface of the electrolyte 2. 8a is inserted into the inner tube 9a. For this reason, the conventional technology is employed only for the fuel cell 1 that is a unit cell, and cannot be applied to a fuel cell stack in which a plurality of the fuel cells 1 are stacked.

  The present invention solves this type of problem, and an object thereof is to provide a fuel cell capable of effectively improving detection accuracy by a reference electrode with a simple and economical configuration.

  The present invention provides a fuel gas flow path for laminating an electrolyte / electrode structure in which an anode side electrode and a cathode side electrode are provided on both sides of an electrolyte, and a separator, and supplying fuel gas along the anode side electrode, The fuel cell is formed with an oxidant gas flow path for supplying an oxidant gas along the cathode side electrode.

  Then, at least in the vicinity of the inlet or outlet of the fuel gas flow path, a first region from which the anode-side electrode has been removed and a second region from which the cathode-side electrode has been removed are provided facing each other across the electrolyte, In the first region, a reference electrode is disposed in contact with the electrolyte, and the first region is set to have a smaller surface area than the second region and is in the second region with respect to the stacking direction. Has been placed.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a porous reinforcing member is provided in the second region. This is because the electrolyte can be reinforced favorably in response to the second region where the cathode side electrode is removed and the rigidity is lowered.

  Further, the separator disposed on the anode side electrode side is provided with an insulating member so as to cover the first region, and the separator disposed on the cathode side electrode side is provided with an insulating member so as to cover the second region. It is preferable. This is to prevent an unnecessary potential that easily affects measurement.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that a conductive member for connecting the reference electrode and the external measuring device is provided, and that at least a joint portion of the conductive member with the reference electrode is formed in a flat plate shape. When a tightening load is applied in the stacking direction, pressure does not concentrate unlike the linear conductive member, resistance is effectively reduced, and the electrolyte / electrode structure can be protected.

  The conductive member preferably extends to the outside in parallel with the electrolyte / electrode structure, and a seal member is provided to cover a part or all of the conductive member. This is to improve the sealing performance.

  Furthermore, an insulating member is preferably interposed in the gap between the end face of the reference electrode and the end face of the anode side electrode. This is to prevent a water pool from occurring in the gap between the reference electrode and the anode side electrode.

  According to the present invention, since the first region in which the reference electrode is disposed is disposed in the second region with respect to the stacking direction, the reference electrode is spaced apart from the cathode side electrode and close to the anode side electrode. is doing. Therefore, the reference electrode can effectively reduce the influence of the potential of the cathode side electrode, and the reference anode potential can be detected with high accuracy and stability.

  As a result, it is possible to instantaneously detect an abnormality of the anode side electrode that causes deterioration of the electrolyte / electrode structure, and it is possible to greatly improve the durability of the fuel cell.

  FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of a fuel cell 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

  The fuel cell 10 includes an electrolyte membrane / electrode structure (electrolyte / electrode structure) 14, and first and second metal separators 16 and 18 that sandwich the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14. The first and second metal separators 16 and 18 are formed into a desired thin plate shape by press molding using, for example, a steel plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, a plated steel plate or a metal thin plate having a surface subjected to anticorrosion treatment. ing. For example, a carbon separator may be used instead of the first and second metal separators 16 and 18.

  One end edge of the fuel cell 10 in the direction of arrow B (horizontal direction in FIG. 1) communicates with each other in the direction of arrow A, which is the stacking direction, and oxidant for supplying an oxidant gas, for example, an oxygen-containing gas An agent gas supply communication hole 20a, a cooling medium supply communication hole 22a for supplying a cooling medium, and a fuel gas discharge communication hole 24b for discharging a fuel gas, for example, a hydrogen-containing gas, are provided in the direction of arrow C (vertical). Direction).

  The other end edge of the fuel cell 10 in the direction of arrow B communicates with each other in the direction of arrow A, and a fuel gas supply communication hole 24a for supplying fuel gas, and a cooling medium discharge communication for discharging the cooling medium. The holes 22b and the oxidant gas discharge communication holes 20b for discharging the oxidant gas are arranged in the direction of the arrow C.

  The electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14 includes, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 26 in which a perfluorosulfonic acid thin film is impregnated with water, and a cathode side electrode 28 and an anode side electrode 30 that sandwich the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 26. With.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cathode side electrode 28 and the anode side electrode 30 are disposed on the electrode catalyst layers 32a and 32b bonded to both surfaces of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 26 and the electrode catalyst layers 32a and 32b. Gas diffusion layers 34a and 34b made of carbon paper or the like. The electrode catalyst layers 32a and 32b are formed by uniformly applying porous carbon particles carrying a platinum alloy on the surface thereof to the surfaces of the gas diffusion layers 34a and 34b.

  On the anode side of the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14, a first region 36 a is provided in the vicinity of the fuel gas supply communication hole 24 a where the anode side electrode 30 is partially removed. On the cathode side of the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14, a second region 36 b is provided in the vicinity of the fuel gas supply communication hole 24 a where the cathode side electrode 28 is partially removed.

  The first region 36a is set to have a smaller surface area than the second region 36b and is disposed in the second region 36b with respect to the stacking direction (the direction of arrow A). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the first and second regions 36a and 36b have, for example, a rectangular shape. The dimension H1 in the arrow B direction and the dimension H2 in the arrow C direction of the first area 36a are dimension H1 <dimension H3 and dimension H2 with respect to the dimension H3 in the arrow B direction and the dimension H4 in the arrow C direction of the second area 36b. <The relationship of dimension H4 is set.

  In the first region 36a, a reference electrode 38 is disposed in contact with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 26. The reference electrode 38 constitutes a reversible hydrogen electrode having a diffusion layer 40, and a conductive member 42 connected to an external measuring device (not shown) is connected to the reference electrode 38. The conductive member 42 has at least a joining portion with the reference electrode 38 formed in a flat plate shape, and, for example, ribbon-shaped platinum is adopted. The gap between the end face of the reference electrode 38 and the end face of the anode side electrode 30 is filled with an insulating member, for example, a liquid seal (seal member) 44a. The conductive member 42 extends to the outside in parallel with the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14, and a liquid seal (seal member) 44 b is provided to cover a part of the conductive member 42.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a porous reinforcing member 46 is provided in the second region 36b. The reinforcing member 46 is made of, for example, a net-like polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sheet. The gap between the end face of the reinforcing member 46 and the end face of the cathode side electrode 28 is filled with a liquid seal (seal member) 44c as an insulating member.

  The second metal separator 18 is provided with an insulating tape (insulating member) 48a that covers the first region 36a and insulates the reference electrode 38, and the first metal separator 16 covers the second region 36b and is a reinforcing member. An insulating tape (insulating member) 48b for insulating 46 is provided.

  The operation of the fuel cell 10 configured as described above will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an oxidant gas such as an oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the oxidant gas supply communication hole 20a, and a fuel gas such as a hydrogen-containing gas is supplied to the fuel gas supply communication hole 24a. Further, a coolant such as pure water or ethylene glycol is supplied to the coolant supply passage 22a.

  The oxidant gas is introduced into the oxidant gas flow path 50 provided in the first metal separator 16 and moves along the cathode side electrode 28 constituting the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14. On the other hand, the fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas supply communication hole 24 a is introduced into the fuel gas flow path 56 of the second metal separator 18 and moves along the anode side electrode 30 constituting the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14. .

  Accordingly, in each electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14, the oxidant gas supplied to the cathode side electrode 28 and the fuel gas supplied to the anode side electrode 30 are subjected to an electrochemical reaction in the electrode catalyst layers 32 a and 32 b. It is consumed and power is generated.

  Next, the oxidant gas consumed by being supplied to the cathode side electrode 28 is discharged to the oxidant gas discharge communication hole 20b. Similarly, the fuel gas supplied to and consumed by the anode side electrode 30 is discharged to the fuel gas discharge communication hole 24b.

  The cooling medium supplied to the cooling medium supply communication hole 22 a is introduced into the cooling medium flow path 52 between the first and second metal separators 16 and 18. The cooling medium cools the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14 and then is discharged into the cooling medium discharge communication hole 22b.

  In this case, in the first embodiment, the reference anode potential of the reference electrode 38 and the anode potential of the anode side electrode 30 are input via the conductive member 42 by an external measuring device (not shown), and the potential difference is measured. At this time, the second region 36b of the cathode side electrode 28 is set to have a relatively large surface area with respect to the first region 36a where the reference electrode 38 is disposed. For this reason, the electrode distance between the reference electrode 38 and the cathode side electrode 28 is considerably larger than the electrode distance between the reference electrode 38 and the anode side electrode 30.

  Here, the positional relationship between the reference electrode 38, the anode side electrode 30, and the cathode side electrode 28 and the relationship between the measured reference anode potential by the reference electrode 38 are schematically illustrated in FIGS.

  During normal operation, a potential difference V is generated between the anode side electrode 30 and the cathode side electrode 28 via the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 26. Therefore, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the potential difference V1 between the reference anode potential and the cathode potential measured by the reference electrode 38 approximates the potential difference V as the reference electrode 38 approaches the anode side electrode 30. Will do.

  On the other hand, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 5, when the reference electrode 38 is arranged at substantially the center of the anode side electrode 30 and the cathode side electrode 28, the reference anode is a potential measured by the reference electrode 38. The potential difference V2 between the potential and the cathode potential is considerably reduced. That is, the reference electrode 38 is easily affected by the potential of the cathode side electrode 28. As a result, the reference electrode 38 varies depending on the potential of the cathode side electrode 28, and a subtle increase in potential of the anode side electrode 30 cannot be detected.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, the influence of the potential of the cathode side electrode 28 can be effectively reduced by disposing the reference electrode 38 away from the cathode side electrode 28 and in proximity to the anode side electrode 30. In addition, a subtle potential change of the anode side electrode 30 can be detected with high accuracy and stability.

  For this reason, in the first embodiment, it is possible to instantaneously detect an abnormality of the anode side electrode 30 that causes the deterioration of the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14 and to greatly improve the durability of the fuel cell 10. Can be obtained.

  Here, using the fuel cell 10, an experiment was performed to detect the relationship between the increase in current density and the reference anode potential. The result is shown in FIG. At that time, the temperature of the fuel cell 10 was 70 ° C., and the performance was measured under normal operating conditions. This increased the reference anode potential as the current density increased. In this case, the potential level was slight, and the tendency of the potential with respect to the current could be measured.

  Further, an experiment was conducted in which the reference anode potential was measured in a state where the stoichiometry of hydrogen was reduced and the anode stoichiometry was insufficient (fuel gas was insufficient). As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, when the stoichiometric shortage began to occur, the reference anode potential increased rapidly, and an abnormal reaction in the fuel cell 10 could be detected with high accuracy and speed.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the conductive member 42 extending from the reference electrode 38 is configured in a flat plate shape (ribbon shape), and a tightening load in the stacking direction is applied to the conductive member 42. When acting, the pressure does not concentrate unlike the linear conductive member. Therefore, the resistance is effectively reduced and the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14 can be protected.

  Further, the conductive member 42 extends to the outside in parallel with the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 14, and a liquid seal 44 b is provided to cover the conductive member 42. Therefore, the sealing performance of the conductive member 42 can be reliably improved.

  Furthermore, a liquid seal 44 a is interposed in the gap between the end face of the reference electrode 38 and the end face of the anode side electrode 30, and it is possible to prevent a water pool from occurring in this gap.

  In addition, a porous reinforcing member 46 is provided in the second region 36 b of the first metal separator 16. Therefore, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 26 can be favorably reinforced corresponding to the second region 36b in which the cathode side electrode 28 is partially removed and the rigidity is lowered.

  Furthermore, the first and second metal separators 16 and 18 are provided with insulating tapes 48b and 48a for insulating the reinforcing member 46 and the reference electrode 38, respectively. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the generation of an unnecessary potential that easily affects measurement.

  FIG. 8 is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part of an electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 70 constituting a fuel cell according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those of the fuel cell 10 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Similarly, in the third to fifth embodiments described below, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 70, the anode-side electrode 30 is partially cut out in a rectangular shape to form a first region 72a, while the cathode-side electrode 28 is partially cut out in a rectangular shape to form a second region 72b. It is formed. The reference electrode 38 is disposed in the first region 72a, and the first region 72a is set to have a smaller surface area than the second region 72b and is disposed in the second region 72b with respect to the stacking direction. The

  FIG. 9 is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part of an electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 80 constituting a fuel cell according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  In the electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 80, the anode-side electrode 30 is provided with a circular first region 82 a, while the cathode-side electrode 28 is provided with a circular second region 82 b. A reference electrode 38a on a disk is disposed in the first region 82a, and the first region 82a is set to have a smaller surface area than the second region 82b and is in the second region 82b with respect to the stacking direction. Placed in.

  In the second and third embodiments configured as described above, the reference electrodes 38 and 38a are separated from the cathode side electrode 28, and the reference anode potential can be detected with high accuracy and stability. The same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell 90 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  The electrolyte membrane / electrode structure 92 constituting the fuel cell 90 is provided with a first region 36a on the anode side in the vicinity of the fuel gas supply communication hole 24a and in the vicinity of the fuel gas discharge communication hole 24b. A reference electrode 38 is disposed in each first region 36a. On the cathode side, a second region 36b is provided in the vicinity of the fuel gas supply communication hole 24a and in the vicinity of the fuel gas discharge communication hole 24b.

  In the fourth embodiment configured as described above, since the reference electrode 38 is provided in the vicinity of the fuel gas supply communication hole 24a and in the vicinity of the fuel gas discharge communication hole 24b, a state difference in the electrode plane is also detected. It becomes possible. As a result, the effect of further improving the durability of the fuel cell 90 having a large electrode area can be obtained.

  FIG. 11 is a perspective explanatory view of a fuel cell stack 102 in which fuel cells 100 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention are stacked in the direction of arrow A. FIG.

  In the fuel cell stack 102, terminal plates 104a and 104b, insulating plates 106a and 106b, and end plates 108a and 108b are stacked at both ends in the stacking direction of the plurality of fuel cells 100, and are clamped and held in the direction of arrow A. In the fuel cell stack 102, for example, any of the first to fourth embodiments described above is employed for the fuel cell 100 at the center in the stacking direction and the fuel cells 100 at both ends in the stacking direction.

  Thereby, in the fuel cell stack 102, the state difference along the stacking direction can also be grasped, and the entire fuel cell stack 102 can be maintained in an optimum operation state. In addition, there is no need to monitor the voltage of each fuel cell 100, the number of parts can be greatly reduced, and the effect of being economical can be obtained.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of the said fuel cell in FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part of an electrolyte membrane / electrode structure constituting the fuel cell. It is a potential schematic diagram in a state where the reference electrode is close to the anode side electrode. It is an electric potential schematic diagram in the state where the reference electrode is arranged at the center of the cathode side electrode and the anode side electrode. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between current density and reference anode potential. It is explanatory drawing of an anode stoichiometry and a reference anode electric potential. It is a principal part expansion explanatory drawing of the electrolyte membrane and electrode structure which comprises the fuel cell which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expansion explanatory drawing of the electrolyte membrane and electrode structure which comprises the fuel cell which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective explanatory drawing of the fuel cell which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 10 is a perspective explanatory view of a fuel cell stack in which fuel cells according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention are stacked. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the fuel cell to which the fuel cell exclusive system of patent document 1 is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 90, 100 ... Fuel cell 14, 70, 80, 92 ... Electrolyte membrane electrode assembly 16, 18 ... Metal separator 20a ... Oxidant gas supply communication hole 20b ... Oxidant gas discharge communication hole 22a ... Cooling medium supply communication Hole 22b ... Cooling medium discharge communication hole 24a ... Fuel gas supply communication hole 24b ... Fuel gas discharge communication hole 26 ... Solid polymer electrolyte membrane 28 ... Cathode side electrode 30 ... Anode side electrodes 32a, 32b ... Electrode catalyst layers 34a, 34b ... Gas diffusion layers 36a, 36b, 72a, 72b, 82a, 82b ... regions 38, 38a ... reference electrode 40 ... diffusion layer 42 ... conductive member 44a-44c ... liquid seal 46 ... reinforcing member 48a, 48b ... insulating tape 102 ... fuel cell stack

Claims (9)

An anode electrode and a cathode electrode provided on both sides of the electrolyte, a separator, and a fuel gas flow path for supplying a fuel gas along the anode electrode; and the cathode side A fuel cell in which an oxidant gas flow path for supplying an oxidant gas along an electrode is formed,
At least in the vicinity of the inlet or outlet of the fuel gas flow path, the first region from which the anode side electrode is partially removed and the second region from which the cathode side electrode is partially removed sandwich the electrolyte. Provided opposite to each other,
In the first region, a reference electrode is disposed in contact with the electrolyte, and the first region is set to have a surface area smaller than that of the second region and is within the second region with respect to the stacking direction. while disposed,
A fuel cell , wherein a porous reinforcing member is provided in the second region . A fuel cell according to claim 1 Symbol placement, the separator arranged on the anode side, together with the insulating member is provided to cover the first region,
The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the separator disposed on the cathode side electrode side is provided with an insulating member so as to cover the second region. The fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a conductive member that connects the reference electrode and an external measuring device is provided,
The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the conductive member is configured to have at least a joining portion with the reference electrode in a flat plate shape. 4. The fuel cell according to claim 3 , wherein the conductive member extends to the outside in parallel with the electrolyte / electrode structure,
A fuel cell, wherein a seal member is provided to cover a part or all of the conductive member. An anode electrode and a cathode electrode provided on both sides of the electrolyte, a separator, and a fuel gas flow path for supplying a fuel gas along the anode electrode; and the cathode side A fuel cell in which an oxidant gas flow path for supplying an oxidant gas along an electrode is formed,
At least in the vicinity of the inlet or outlet of the fuel gas flow path, the first region from which the anode side electrode is partially removed and the second region from which the cathode side electrode is partially removed sandwich the electrolyte. Provided opposite to each other,
In the first region, a reference electrode is disposed in contact with the electrolyte, and the first region is set to have a surface area smaller than that of the second region and is within the second region with respect to the stacking direction. While placed in
The gap between the end surface of the the end surface of the front Symbol reference electrode anode, a fuel cell, wherein an insulating member is interposed. 6. The fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein a porous reinforcing member is provided in the second region. The fuel cell according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the separator disposed on the anode side electrode side is provided with an insulating member so as to cover the first region,
The fuel cell, wherein the separator disposed on the cathode side electrode side is provided with an insulating member so as to cover the second region. The fuel cell according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a conductive member that connects the reference electrode and an external measuring device is provided,
The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the conductive member is configured to have a flat plate shape at least at a junction with the reference electrode. 9. The fuel cell according to claim 8, wherein the conductive member extends to the outside in parallel with the electrolyte / electrode structure,
A fuel cell, wherein a seal member is provided to cover part or all of the conductive member.

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