JP4482669B2 - Dissection table - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an anatomical table that discharges stimulating formaldehyde gas emanating from an autopsy specimen or formaldehyde gas diffused during body preservative treatment by injecting formalin into a medical student's training anatomy table .

  Anatomical training is an essential subject for medical students, and it lasts for about 16 hours per week for 3 months. After the donor's death, about 6 liters of 10% formalin (corresponding to the blood volume of the whole body) is injected from the artery and subjected to antiseptic treatment, and then the subject is immersed in 70% alcohol for a long time. Thus, during an anatomical practice, the anatomist (apprentice) is exposed to a high concentration of formaldehyde gas emanating from an autopsy specimen during dissection for a long time, although the risk of infection by pathogenic bacteria and viruses is extremely low. It will be. In addition, since many medical students, for example, 100 medical students in a training room, dissect an autopsy specimen on a 25-dissection table by a set of four people, the concentration of formaldehyde gas in the training room becomes abnormally high. In addition, a portion of formalin injected into the corpse for preservative treatment may diffuse and increase the concentration of formaldehyde gas in the environment.

  Conventionally, in order to suppress the high concentration of formaldehyde gas in the anatomical training room, windows are opened or air is sent out to the outside with a ventilation fan. Therefore, the effect of air conditioning is reduced and the anatomical training environment is deteriorated. This is also the case when preserving the body. On the other hand, the toxicity of formaldehyde gas is taken up as a problem, and according to the guidelines provided by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, it is required to be 250 ppb or less in a specific work environment and 80 ppb or less in a general household environment.

Contains a photocatalyst that decomposes formalin as a means of removing formaldehyde gas emanating from an autopsy specimen in a method for purifying the air in a training room with an autopsy specimen mounting table and dissection table immersed in formalin. A photocatalyst storage portion and an adsorbent storage portion for storing an adsorbent for adsorbing residual formalin in the air that has passed through the photocatalyst storage portion, and sucks air in the training room to provide a photocatalyst storage portion and an adsorbent storage portion. There is known a training room air purification method and apparatus in which a plurality of air purification devices including a blower to be passed through are arranged at appropriate intervals on opposite walls of the training room (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-320220 A

In addition, as a means for removing formaldehyde gas emanating from the autopsy specimen, it is a work table provided near the dissection table and is accompanied by a gas removal device, and this gas removal device has an air suction port on the side wall. An anatomical work bench that functions to remove formaldehyde gas in the air is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2003-116859 A

  However, in the case of the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1, even if the formaldehyde gas concentration in the entire training room is reduced, the trainee performing dissection in the vicinity of the autopsy specimen has a high concentration emitted from the autopsy specimen. Will be directly exposed to formaldehyde gas, and it is difficult to solve the essential problem. Moreover, when it is based on the general ventilation of the training room, the formaldehyde gas concentration is often 1 ppm (1000 ppb) or more. Furthermore, in order to increase the suction efficiency of formaldehyde gas, the air volume must be increased. However, since the superficial velocity of the air purifier is increased, the contact time with the photocatalyst storage unit and the adsorbent storage unit is shortened and effective. Air purification becomes impossible. In addition, maintenance costs increase due to replacement of the adsorbent and the like.

  Further, according to the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 2, high-concentration formaldehyde gas emanating from an autopsy specimen during anatomical training diffuses before being aspirated by the removal device, and the anatomical trainee is exposed to formaldehyde gas. I can't prevent that.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a formaldehyde gas local exhaust system for an autopsy table that allows an autopsy person (anatomy trainee) or a corpse treatment person to always perform dissection under a formaldehyde gas concentration of 80 ppb or less during an anatomy practice. .

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is an anatomical table in which a flexible board for preventing gas divergence from the anatomical table is provided on an anatomical table provided with suction openings on all four sides. .

The invention according to claim 2 is the dissecting table according to claim 1, wherein the suction openings provided in the four circumferences are provided with a wire mesh stretched on an inclined surface which is oriented low toward the center of the dissecting table plane. .

The flexible board for preventing gas divergence from an anatomical table implanted around the anatomical table in the anatomical table according to claim 1 is made of a material having flexibility and resilience. It does not interfere with anatomical training using both hands. The flexible board falls inward only with the part of the dissector's hands (elbow, arm) and is restored when the hands are removed from the subject. Furthermore, the air conditioning of the entire anatomy training room is not affected, and no filter or adsorbent is used, so that maintenance costs are not required, and the formaldehyde gas concentration in the environment of the dissection operator (operator) is always extremely low. For example, it is maintained at 80 ppb or less.

According to the invention described in claim 2, the formaldehyde gas concentration in the environment of the dissector (operator) is always extremely low. For example, it is maintained at 80 ppb or less. In addition, the suction opening can be set to the same height level of the dissecting table as a flat surface or an inclined surface that is oriented low toward the center of the dissecting table. Has the effect of facilitating

Below, this invention is demonstrated according to the preferable embodiment.
The present invention, formaldehyde gas emanating during dissection of the autopsy body, in order dissector or body treating person is exhausted without being exposed thereto are local exhaust is very effective, and the intake opening to the dissecting table four sides at least By disposing a flexible board for preventing gas diffusion having a height equal to the maximum vertical dimension of an autopsy specimen on the dissecting table, most of the formaldehyde gas emitted during autopsy of the autopsy specimen is dissected or corpse treated Was made on the basis of the inventors' knowledge that exhaust gas can be exhausted without being exposed.

  On the other hand, the anatomical training is performed, for example, with four trainees assigned to one anatomical table. Thus, it is desirable that the dissection work can be performed with the hands of the four trainees freely available. The same applies when the body is preserved. Therefore, in the present invention, the material of the board that is implanted around the dissection table and surrounds at least a height equal to the maximum vertical dimension of the specimen on the dissection table is flexible (elastic deformation, for example, urethane foam resin). In addition, it is made of a material that can be restored to its original shape when the cause of the deformation (force) is removed. Only a sever (slit) is cut in the vertical direction with appropriate dimensions (intervals) so that only the body falls inward and is restored after surgery. The flexible hood may be comb-shaped. Furthermore, the elastic restoring force can be increased by making the vertical cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the surface of the flexible hood trapezoidal, that is, by making the base portion thick and the tip portion thin.

  1 to 4 show a formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of an autopsy table according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a front view of a formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of an autopsy table according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a side view, and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are intake openings and suction boxes. FIG.

  1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a dissecting table, which is made of stainless steel in this embodiment. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the intake openings 2 are arranged on the four circumferences of the dissecting table 1, and as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the opening surface is vertical. A stainless steel wire mesh is detachably attached. Reference numeral 3 denotes a suction box, which is disposed at both sides of the flat rectangular dissection table 1 and at four positions on the head side and the leg side, and the longitudinal sections thereof are as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). Furthermore, the suction port faces the suction opening 2. The suction box 3 is also made of stainless steel in this embodiment. The exhaust side is connected to a collective intake box 5 via a stainless steel duct 4 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4A and 4B. In this embodiment, the collective intake box 5 is also made of stainless steel. The installation position of the flexible board 8 may be inside the suction box 3 (immediately above the intake opening 2 shown in FIG. 4B) or outside (position shown in FIG. 4A). Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4B, flexible boards 8 and 8 'may be provided on both inside and outside.

  Due to the presence of the collective intake box 5, air containing formaldehyde gas can be uniformly sucked from the suction boxes 3 on both sides of the dissection table 1 and on the head side and the leg side, and pressure loss due to suction Is small.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one end of the collective intake box 5 in the lengthwise direction of the dissecting table 1 is connected to an exhaust blower (not shown) by a flexible duct 7 made of, for example, vinyl chloride via an air volume adjusting damper 6. Forced exhaust. In this embodiment, the existing blower for general ventilation anatomy lab: has the (exhaust capacity 250 meters 3 ^/ minute so) as used for the local exhaust (dissecting table per one 8.10m 3 ^/ min) Therefore, there is no need to provide a new blower for local exhaust. Further, even if air containing formaldehyde gas is exhausted, air conditioning (cooling and heating) is not affected.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a flexible board that prevents gas diffusion . In this embodiment, the thickness is 3 mm to 10 mm, the height is 200 mm, and it is made of urethane foam. The flexible board 8 is implanted around the dissection table 1 and surrounds the subject to be examined. In this embodiment, cuts (slits) 81 are formed on the flexible board 8 at a pitch of 200 mm so that the four dissection trainees do not hinder the dissection using both hands. . The slits 81 formed on the flexible board 8 are not limited to a pitch of 200 mm, and may be comb-shaped as long as the restoring force has a sufficient dimension and material. Further, in this embodiment, the flexible board 8 is configured such that a predetermined height portion is sandwiched and fixed by a rubber plate at the base portion thereof. By doing so, the shape restoration property becomes better.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the flexible board 8 can be double-planted at a portion located at the upper part of the intake opening 2. Further, if the vertical cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the flexible board 8 is a trapezoidal shape, that is, a shape in which the base portion is thick and the tip portion is thin, the restoring property can be improved.

  In FIGS. 1 to 3, 9 is a drain hose and 10 is a caster, which facilitates movement of the dissecting table.

  5 to 9 show a formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of an autopsy table according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of an autopsy table according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. is there.

  5 to 7, reference numeral 21 denotes an autopsy table, which is made of stainless steel (SUS304) in this embodiment. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and FIG. 9, the intake opening 22 is arranged on the four circumferences of the dissecting table 21, and has a gentle slope that is low toward the center of the dissection table 21. And the width is 80 mm. A metal mesh is stretched over the intake opening 22. In this embodiment, a metal mesh obtained by punching a number of 5 mm wide and 30 mm long round holes in a stainless steel (SUS304) plate is used. Of course, the intake opening 22 may be a horizontal plane as shown in FIG. The metal mesh made of stainless steel (SUS304) is detachably mounted. Reference numeral 23 denotes a suction chamber, and a dissecting table is formed on an upper plane of the suction chamber, and the intake opening 22 communicates with the outside air in four rounds.

  Reference numeral 24 denotes a suction duct. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 8, and 9, a stainless steel duct having an inner diameter of 200 mm is provided at two locations at the bottom of the suction chamber 23 and the collective intake box 25. Are connected and connected. An exhaust duct 27 is connected to the central plane and the bottom surface of the collective intake box 25, and the exhaust duct 27 is forcibly exhausted by being connected to an exhaust blower (not shown). Due to the presence of the suction chamber 23 and the collective intake box 25, air containing formaldehyde gas can be uniformly sucked from the suction openings 22 on both sides of the dissecting table 21 and on the head side and the leg side. The accompanying pressure loss is reduced.

In this embodiment, the existing blower (ventilation capacity: 250 m ³ / min) for ventilation throughout the anatomy room is used for local exhaust (8.1 m ³ / min per dissection table). And it is not necessary to provide a new blower for local exhaust. Further, even if air containing formaldehyde gas is exhausted, air conditioning (cooling and heating) is not affected.

  8 is a flexible board. In this embodiment, the thickness is 3 mm to 10 mm, the height is 200 mm, and it is made of urethane foam. The flexible board 8 is implanted around the dissection table 1 and surrounds the subject to be examined. In this embodiment, cuts (slits) 81 are formed on the flexible board 8 at a pitch of 200 mm so that the four dissection trainees do not hinder the dissection using both hands. . The slits 81 formed on the flexible board 8 are not limited to a pitch of 200 mm, and may be comb-shaped as long as the restoring force is a sufficient dimension and material. In this embodiment, the flexible board 8 is configured such that a predetermined height portion is sandwiched and fixed by a rubber plate at the base portion. By doing so, the shape restoration property becomes better. Furthermore, the flexible board 8 can be made transparent to make it easy to see the subject.

  Further, if the vertical cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the flexible board 8 is a trapezoidal shape, that is, a shape in which the base portion is thick and the tip portion is thin, the restoring property can be improved.

  5 to 7, 28 is a drain plug and 29 is a drain hose. Reference numeral 30 denotes a caster that facilitates movement of the dissecting table 21. Reference numeral 31 denotes a pot that receives drainage from the drainage hose 29. A roof 32 is telescopically movable on the rail and covers the dissecting table 21 when the dissecting table 21 is not used.

  FIG. 10 shows anatomical trainees in the dissection table when using the formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of the dissection table according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention and when switching to the existing whole dissection laboratory ventilation system. The transition of formaldehyde gas concentration in the vicinity is shown.

  FIG. 10 shows the measurement results of the formaldehyde gas concentration when the present invention is used. 1) Formaldehyde gas concentration (ppb) at the position of the nostril of the anatomical trainee sitting outside the flexible board (45 cm above the floor of the anatomical training table) and 2) flexibility The formaldehyde gas concentration (ppb) at a position close to an autopsy specimen that emits formaldehyde gas in the board (a height of 10 cm from the floor surface of the dissection training table) is shown. From the comparison between the two in FIG. 10, during operation of the local exhaust system, the diffusion of formaldehyde gas out of the flexible board is blocked and hits the height of the nose of the anatomical trainee outside the flexible board. The concentration of formaldehyde gas at the position has been below 80 ppb. On the other hand, 3) Formaldehyde gas concentration when the local exhaust system is stopped and only the existing whole dissection laboratory ventilation system is used is changed at 300 ppb and 1000 ppb at the same position.

The front view of the formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of the dissecting table concerning one example of the present invention. The top view of the formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of the dissecting table concerning one Example of this invention The side view of the formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of the dissecting table concerning one Example of this invention The partial enlargement figure of the intake opening and suction box of the formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of the dissection table concerning one example of the present invention, (a) is the embodiment which transplanted the flexible board to the outside four rounds of the dissection table, (b) ) Is an embodiment in which a flexible board is double-implanted on the outer four sides of the dissecting table and directly above the intake opening. The top view of the formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of the dissecting table concerning other examples of the present invention. AA sectional view in FIG. BB sectional view in FIG. Partial enlarged view of an intake opening and a suction box of a formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of a dissection table according to another embodiment of the present invention. Partial enlarged view of an intake opening and a suction box of a formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of a dissection table according to another embodiment of the present invention. When the formaldehyde gas local exhaust system of the dissection table according to one embodiment of the present invention is used and the change of the formaldehyde gas concentration in the vicinity of the dissection trainee in the dissection table when switched to the existing dissection training room whole ventilation system Graph showing

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dissecting table 2 Air intake opening 3 Suction box 4 Duct 5 Collecting air intake box 6 Air volume adjustment damper 7 Flexible duct 8 Flexible board 81 Slit 9 Drain hose 10 Caster 21 Dissecting table 22 Air intake opening 23 Suction chamber 24 Suction duct 25 Collecting air intake box 27 Exhaust duct 28 Drain plug 29 Drain hose 30 Casters 31 Pot 32 Roof 33 Rail

Claims (2)

An anatomical table in which a flexible board for preventing gas divergence from the anatomical table is provided on an anatomical table that has air intake openings on all four sides. 2. The dissecting table according to claim 1, wherein a wire mesh is stretched on an inclined surface in which the intake openings provided on the four circumferences are directed downward toward the center of the dissecting table plane.

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