JP4349583B2 - Hazardous gas exposure prevention device for anatomy laboratory - Google Patents
Hazardous gas exposure prevention device for anatomy laboratory Download PDFInfo
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- JP4349583B2 JP4349583B2 JP2005113635A JP2005113635A JP4349583B2 JP 4349583 B2 JP4349583 B2 JP 4349583B2 JP 2005113635 A JP2005113635 A JP 2005113635A JP 2005113635 A JP2005113635 A JP 2005113635A JP 4349583 B2 JP4349583 B2 JP 4349583B2
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Description
本発明は解剖実習室用有害ガス曝露防止装置に関し、特にホルマリン等で防腐処理を施した遺体の解剖実習を行う際にホルマリン等の防腐薬剤から主に発生する有害ガス(ホルムアルデヒドガス等)の曝露を防止する装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing harmful gas exposure for an anatomical training room, and in particular, exposure of harmful gases (formaldehyde gas, etc.) mainly generated from a preservative such as formalin when performing anatomical training of a body subjected to antiseptic treatment with formalin or the like. It is related with the apparatus which prevents.
医学生等が行う解剖実習は、医学部系統解剖学実習と称され、ホルマリン等で防腐処理された複数の遺体を複数の解剖台上で同時に行うのが一般的である。この実習は多人数で長時間行われることから、ホルマリンから発生するホルムアルデヒドガス等の有害ガスの効率的且つ経済的除去が必要となる。 Anatomical training performed by medical students is referred to as medical system anatomical training, and generally, a plurality of bodies subjected to antiseptic treatment with formalin or the like are simultaneously performed on a plurality of dissecting tables. Since this training is conducted for a long time by many people, it is necessary to efficiently and economically remove harmful gases such as formaldehyde gas generated from formalin.
一般的には、換気扇や窓の開放、空気清浄機の使用等で対応してきたが、これらでは十分な曝露防止効果は得られない。新設の実習室には吸気口と排気口を配した中央管理方式の空調設備を備えたものもみられるが、設備費及び維持費が高価であり、一般的な普及は困難である。そこで解剖台毎の局所排気手段も種々提案されてきている(特許文献1、特許文献2、特許文献3、特許文献4)。しかしこれらは実習作業の妨げになる構造であったり、既設の解剖台には適用困難であったり、実習者への有害ガスの曝露防止効果が十分でないといった問題点を有している。 In general, this has been dealt with by opening ventilators, windows, using air cleaners, etc., but these do not provide sufficient exposure prevention effects. Some of the new training rooms are equipped with centrally controlled air conditioning equipment with intake and exhaust ports, but the equipment and maintenance costs are expensive, making it difficult to disseminate in general. Accordingly, various local exhaust means for each dissection table have been proposed (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4). However, these have problems such as a structure that hinders practical work, it is difficult to apply to existing dissection tables, and the effect of preventing exposure of harmful gases to the trainee is insufficient.
本発明の目的は実習者の作業性を損なうことなく有害ガスの十分な曝露防止効果を得ることができると共に、排気ダクトの設置等の工事を必要とすることなしに既設の解剖台をそのまま使用できる解剖実習室用有害ガス曝露防止装置を提供することにある。 The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a sufficient exposure prevention effect of harmful gas without impairing the workability of the practitioner and to use the existing dissection table as it is without requiring construction such as installation of an exhaust duct. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for preventing harmful gas exposure for an anatomy laboratory.
本発明は、解剖実習室の複数の解剖台のそれぞれに、解剖台の上面近傍から解剖台上の検体より高い位置に至る高さをもつ吹出し開口部から一様空気を吹出す機構をもつプッシュフードと解剖台の上面近傍から解剖台上の検体より高い位置に至る高さをもつ吸引開口部から吸引して排気する機構をもつプルフードとを、一様空気流の少なくとも一部が解剖台上の検体に接して流れた後プルフードに吸い込まれるように、解剖台の長手方向の端部近傍に解剖台とは独立して配置したことを特徴とする解剖実習室用有害ガス曝露防止装置である。
The present invention provides a push mechanism having a mechanism for blowing uniform air from a blowing opening having a height from the vicinity of the upper surface of the dissecting table to a position higher than the specimen on the dissecting table on each of the dissecting tables in the dissection training room. At least a part of the uniform airflow is on the anatomy table with a hood and a pull hood that has a mechanism for suctioning and evacuating from the suction opening having a height from the vicinity of the upper surface of the dissection table to a position higher than the specimen on the dissection table. It is a device for preventing harmful gas exposure for an anatomical training room, which is arranged in the vicinity of the longitudinal end of the dissecting table so as to be sucked into the pull hood after flowing in contact with the specimen. .
本発明の装置を用いることにより、実習者の作業性を損なうことなく、極めてわずかな風量でホルムアルデヒドガス等の有害ガスの曝露を顕著に防止することができる。また排気ダクトの設置等の工事を必要とすることなしに既設の実習室及び解剖台をそのまま使用して簡単に設置しまた移動させることができる。 By using the apparatus of the present invention, exposure of harmful gases such as formaldehyde gas can be remarkably prevented with a very small air flow without impairing the workability of the trainee. Moreover, it can be easily installed and moved using the existing training room and the dissection table as they are without requiring construction such as installation of an exhaust duct.
以下図面に基づいて本発明を説明する。図1に示すように、解剖台の足部側に空気吹き出しフードであるプッシュフード1を、そして頭部側に空気吸い込みフードであるプルフード2を設ける。これは逆でもよい。フードの高さは実習作業の妨げにならないようなるべく低くするのが望ましいが、検体の高さもあるので検体より高いことが望ましい。また、プッシュフードをやや上方にあげ、気流を斜め下方に吹き出すようにしてもよい。 The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a push hood 1 that is an air blowing hood is provided on the foot side of the dissection table, and a pull hood 2 that is an air suction hood is provided on the head side. This may be reversed. The height of the hood is preferably as low as possible so as not to hinder the practical work, but is also preferably higher than the sample because of the height of the sample. Alternatively, the push hood may be lifted slightly upward to blow the airflow obliquely downward.
このように、プッシュフードから一様空気流を水平流ないし斜降流として図示する方向に流す。ここで一様空気流とは、流れに対し垂直な断面でみたとき、流れの速度の大きさがその断面のいたるところで実質的に一定である状態をいう。1982年出版 社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会発行の「工場換気」によれば、速度分布のバラツキを平均値に対して±20%以内にすればよいことが提示されている。 In this way, a uniform air flow is caused to flow from the push hood in the direction shown in the figure as a horizontal flow or a diagonal down flow. Here, the uniform air flow means a state where the magnitude of the flow velocity is substantially constant throughout the cross section when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the flow. According to “Factory Ventilation” published by the Society of Air Conditioning and Sanitation Engineering, published in 1982, it is suggested that the variation in velocity distribution should be within ± 20% of the average value.
プルフードは通常のプルフードと同様排気ファンをもち室内換気を可能にしているが、本発明で用いるプルフードには検体からでるホルムアルデヒドガス等の有害ガスを吸着させるためのフィルタが内蔵されていることが好ましい。フィルタはホルムアルデヒドガスによって代表される有害ガスを除去可能なものであれば従来知られた適宜のフィルタを用いうる。またプルフードに比しその必要性は小さいが、プッシュフードにもホルムアルデヒドガス等の有害ガスを吸着させるためのフィルタを内蔵しておくことが好ましい場合がある。またプッシュフードの空気取り込み口には綿埃等が入り込み、埃が装置内のファンに絡まったり、整流を作るためのパンチングメタルのような有孔板の目詰まりを防止するための粗塵フィルタを配することが好ましい。プルフードにも粗塵フィルタを配することが好ましい。 The pull hood has an exhaust fan like the normal pull hood and enables indoor ventilation. However, the pull hood used in the present invention preferably has a built-in filter for adsorbing harmful gases such as formaldehyde gas emitted from the specimen. . As long as the filter can remove harmful gas typified by formaldehyde gas, a conventionally known appropriate filter can be used. Moreover, although the necessity is small compared with a pull hood, it may be preferable to incorporate a filter for adsorbing a harmful gas such as formaldehyde gas in a push hood. Also, a dust filter is installed to prevent clogging of perforated plates such as punching metal for creating dust and entanglement in the fan inside the device, and dust entangled in the air intake port of the push hood. It is preferable to arrange them. It is preferable to arrange a coarse dust filter in the pull hood.
図2に示すように、本発明が用いるプルフードは開口部3をもつと共に、フィルタ4、排気ファン5を内蔵しており、さらにケースにはキャスタ6が付いていて、移動容易な構造になっている。尚、プルフードに有害ガス用フィルタを内蔵させない場合にはダクトで室外に排気する必要がある。 As shown in FIG. 2, the pull hood used by the present invention has an opening 3, a filter 4, an exhaust fan 5, and a caster 6 attached to the case, so that the structure is easy to move. Yes. If the harmful gas filter is not built in the pull hood, it must be exhausted to the outside by a duct.
すべての解剖台の高さが必ずしも一定ではなかったり、検体が大きかったりする場合があるので、プッシュフード、プルフードとも上下機構を備えていることが好ましい。例えば図3のように開口面を二重構造にし、奥側の開口面を手前側の開口面より大きくすれば、大きさの違い分だけ稼動範囲とすることができる。この場合、開口面にはパンチングメタルのような有孔体を備えていることが望ましい。この方式はプッシュフード、プルフードとも本体そのものを上下させる必要がないので非常に容易に高さ調節でき、また、本体の高さが変化しないので視界の妨げを最小限に抑えることができる。
一方、斜降流のようにプッシュフードを斜め上に設置したい場合もある。その場合は本体の脚に上下機構を持たせたり、別途上下機構を備えた架台を本体に追加させることも可能である。このような上下機構はプルフードに用いることも可能である。そうすることにより、より適切な気流を作り出すことができ効果的に換気ができるようになる。
Since the heights of all the dissection tables are not necessarily constant or the specimen may be large, it is preferable that the push hood and the pull hood have an up-and-down mechanism. For example, if the opening surface has a double structure as shown in FIG. 3 and the opening surface on the back side is made larger than the opening surface on the near side, the operating range can be set by the difference in size. In this case, it is desirable to provide a perforated body such as punching metal on the opening surface. In this method, the push hood and the pull hood do not need to be moved up and down, so the height can be adjusted very easily, and the height of the main body does not change, so that the hindrance to the field of view can be minimized.
On the other hand, there is a case where it is desired to install the push hood obliquely upward as in the case of slanting downflow. In that case, it is possible to give the main body legs a vertical mechanism, or to add a stand with a separate vertical mechanism to the main body. Such an up-and-down mechanism can also be used for a pull hood. By doing so, a more appropriate airflow can be created and ventilation can be performed effectively.
図4は、プルフードだけを用いた比較説明図である。プルフードだけではフードから離れたところで発生するガスを十分に吸引することができず、実習者がホルムアルデヒドガス等に有害ガスに曝露される可能性が高いが、プッシュフードからの一様空気流によってプルフードから離れたところで発生するガスも拡散させること無くプルフードまで搬送し、効率的に換気できるようになる。実際、図4に示すプルフードだけで吸引効果を出そうとすると、局所排気装置の外付け式フードになるのでその風量はおよそ500m3/minとなり全く現実的ではない。これに対し一様空気流吹出し機構をもつプッシュフードを組合せると(図5)、全風量はおよそ19m3/minとなる。 FIG. 4 is a comparative explanatory view using only a pull hood. The pull hood alone cannot sufficiently suck the gas generated far away from the hood, and there is a high possibility that the practitioner will be exposed to harmful gases such as formaldehyde gas. The gas generated at a distance from the air can be transported to the pull hood without diffusing and can be efficiently ventilated. In fact, if an attempt is made to produce a suction effect only with the pull hood shown in FIG. 4, the hood becomes an external hood of the local exhaust device, and its air volume is about 500 m 3 / min, which is not realistic at all. On the other hand, when a push hood having a uniform air flow blowing mechanism is combined (FIG. 5), the total air volume is about 19 m 3 / min.
また、プルフードはガスを処理するフィルタが内蔵されていて処理した空気を室内へ循環させることができるので空調効率が格段に上がることになる。 Further, the pull hood has a built-in filter for treating gas, and the treated air can be circulated into the room, so that the air conditioning efficiency is remarkably increased.
このように、本発明の第1の態様では、解剖台の頭部側と足部側の検体外にプッシュフードとプルフードを配置解剖台の長手方向には何れも配置しないことから、実習者の作業の妨げになることはない。 Thus, in the first aspect of the present invention, the push hood and the pull hood are not arranged outside the specimen on the head side and the foot side of the dissection table. There is no hindrance to the work.
1 プッシュフード
2 プルフード
3 開口部
4 フィルタ
5 換気ファン(内蔵部)
6 キャスタ
1 Push Hood 2 Pull Hood 3 Opening 4 Filter 5 Ventilation Fan (Built-in)
6 Casters
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US9424486B2 (en) | 2006-08-16 | 2016-08-23 | Cortexica Vision Systems Limited | Method of image processing |
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JP2007252453A (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-10-04 | Koken Ltd | Harmful gas exposure preventing device for dissection practice room |
JP5787336B2 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2015-09-30 | 株式会社テクノ菱和 | Dissection table ventilation system |
JP7532715B2 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2024-08-14 | 白井松器械株式会社 | Dissection table and dissection facilities |
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