JP4482632B2 - Multistage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multistage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding in which an end face of a cylindrical workpiece having a stepped end face is ground by a grinding wheel having a width smaller than a machining width of the workpiece.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When grinding the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of a cylindrical workpiece having a stepped end surface, conventionally, it was processed by an anguilla grinder that advancing and retreating an anguilla whetstone along a path oblique to the workpiece axis. .
As shown in FIG. 5, the grinding method is such that the path 50 of the grinding wheel G obliquely intersecting the axis Ow of the workpiece W forms an acute angle θ with the workpiece axis 0w, and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel G Includes a first grinding surface Ga for grinding the cylindrical portion Wa of the workpiece W parallel to the workpiece axis Ow, and a second grinding surface Gb for grinding the step end surface Wb of the workpiece W perpendicular to the first grinding surface Ga. Is formed, and the cylindrical portion Wa of the workpiece W is ground by the first grinding surface Ga, and the end surface Wb of the stepped portion is ground by the second grinding surface Gb.
In this angular grinding machine, when the stepped end surface Wb wider than the second grinding surface Gb of the grinding wheel G is ground at right angles to the workpiece axis Ow, the grinding wheel G is obliquely crossed with the workpiece axis Ow as indicated by an arrow. The step end surface Wb is moved outward by repeating the cutting operation for cutting along the path 50 and the position correcting operation for the workpiece W for moving the second grinding surface Gb on the end surface side of the grinding wheel G away from the end surface Wb. Grinding in stages. That is, the end face portion is ground by controlling the grinding wheel G and the workpiece W so that the corner point P of the angular grinding wheel G moves along the arrow.
[0003]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, in the angular grinder, the workpiece W is moved in the axial direction, and a step end surface Wb of the workpiece W is cut into the second grinding surface Gb of the grinding wheel G by a predetermined amount. Operation, the grinding wheel G is retracted along the path 50, the second grinding surface Gb is moved away from the stepped end surface Wb, and the workpiece radial direction position of the second grinding surface Gb is within the width of the grinding surface. The step of shifting outward is repeated, and the stepped end face Wb is ground stepwise from the inner periphery toward the outer periphery. That is, the end face portion is ground by controlling the grinding wheel G and the workpiece W so that the corner point P of the angular grinding wheel G moves from the inside to the outside along the arrow.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the end face grinding method in the above anguilla grinder, the grinding wheel and the workpiece move stepwise, so that the machining surface tends to be stepped, and finishing grinding requires separate finish grinding. Has the disadvantage of becoming longer.
Further, when the machining allowance in the axial direction of the end face machining is large, in the grinding method, in order to prevent the grinding surface of the grinding wheel from being worn, the amount of grinding per time cannot be increased. As indicated by the dotted line, it has to be divided and processed in the axial direction, resulting in disadvantages such as a long processing time.
[0005]
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems and to reduce the grinding resistance by reducing the axial cutting in multi-stage feed, so that the grinding surface does not burn and the total grinding time can be shortened. It is to provide a multistage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding of the present invention, the end surface of a cylindrical workpiece having a rotating step end surface, from the outer periphery in the workpiece radial direction toward the inner periphery, Perpendicular grinding with respect to the workpiece axis direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis by using a combination of multiple movements of the workpiece and grinding wheel in the direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis and in the axial direction. In the end surface thrust grinding in which cutting grinding is performed in the workpiece axial direction using the side grinding surface of the grinding wheel, the cutting in the axial direction of the workpiece is performed in multiple stages from the radially outer periphery to the inner periphery. The grinding wheel feed is divided into two , and the side contact area of the grinding wheel is divided , and at least the cutting depth in the axial direction of the workpiece is set to the inner diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the end of machining than the outer diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the machining start stage. deeply was that the people of It is an feature.
[0008]
Further, the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention, in addition to the above features, in the multi-stage incision grinding feed, the grinding wheel is positioned at a position outside the end face portion of the workpiece for each axial cut in each stage. It is characterized by returning to.
[0009]
Furthermore, the multi-stage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding according to the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the above-described features, the axial cutting of the workpiece and the radial cutting of the workpiece are sequentially performed.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention, the end surface of a cylindrical workpiece having a rotating step end surface is perpendicular to the workpiece axis from the outer periphery to the inner periphery in the workpiece radial direction. A plurality of movements of the workpiece and the grinding wheel in the axial direction are combined, a cutting grinding process in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axial direction is performed using the outer peripheral grinding surface of the grinding wheel, and a side grinding surface of the grinding wheel In end face thrust grinding, which uses incision grinding in the axial direction of the workpiece, the cutting in the axial direction of the workpiece is fed in multiple stages through the grinding from the radially outer periphery to the inner periphery of the workpiece. The side contact area of the grinding wheel is divided, and when grinding the workpiece end face, the side contact area of the grinding wheel can be divided and the grinding resistance can be kept low because of the multi-stage grinding feed. thing Can, without grinding burn of the grinding surface occurs, it is possible to prevent the rapid wear of the grinding wheel. The number of stages of multi-stage feeding can be appropriately set, and the grinding efficiency can be increased by optimally setting the grinding feed speed of each grinding stage.
[0011]
In the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention, the multi-stage infeed grinding feed feeds at least the cut amount in the axial direction of the work piece at the work end stage than the work outer diameter side at the work start stage. By deepening the inner diameter side in the object diameter direction, it is possible to reduce the amount of grinding at the time of finish grinding at the end of processing, and to shorten the total grinding time.
[0012]
Furthermore, the multi-stage cutting grinding feed in the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention is performed by returning the grinding wheel to a position outside the end face portion of the workpiece for every cutting in the axial direction of each stage. In addition, the grinding wheel is separated from the workpiece processing surface, so that the coolant fluid can sufficiently enter the workpiece grinding part, grinding resistance can be further reduced, grinding burn can be prevented, and the rewinding process can be returned quickly. As a result, the processing time can be shortened.
[0013]
Furthermore, the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention divides the side contact area of the grinding wheel by sequentially performing the axial cutting of the workpiece and the radial cutting of the workpiece. Thus, the grinding resistance can be kept low, and the side grinding surface and the outer circumferential grinding surface of the grinding wheel can be used alternately, so that the life of the grinding wheel can be extended.
[0014]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a grinding apparatus in which the multi-stage feed grinding method of end face thrust grinding according to the present invention is carried out. Reference numeral 1 denotes a bed of the grinding apparatus, and a grinding wheel base 2 is placed on the bed 1 in the X-axis direction (working direction). It is placed so as to be able to advance and retreat in the direction perpendicular to the object axis. A grinding wheel 3 is rotatably supported on the grinding wheel base 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the grinding wheel 3 has a thin width and is provided with a grinding stone layer of superhard abrasive grains such as diamond or CBN, and the grinding wheel layer is parallel to the rotation axis Ow of the workpiece W. An outer peripheral grinding surface 3b and a side grinding surface 3a perpendicular to the outer peripheral grinding surface are provided. Reference numeral 4 denotes a grinding wheel rotating motor, and the grinding wheel 3 is driven to rotate. Reference numeral 5 denotes an X-axis servo motor to which an encoder 5a is connected, and moves the grindstone table 2 forward and backward in the X-axis direction.
[0015]
A table 6 that moves in the Z-axis direction (workpiece W-axis direction) is mounted by a Z-axis servo motor 9 connected to an encoder 9 a in front of the grindstone table 2 on the bed 1. The headstock 7 and the tailstock 8 are installed to face each other. A workpiece W having a flange portion WF is supported on the spindle center 7 a of the spindle stock 7 and the tailstock center 8 a of the tailstock 8 so as to be rotationally driven by a spindle drive motor built in the spindle stock 7. It has become.
[0016]
Reference numeral 11 denotes a numerical control device that controls the grinding device. The numerical controller 11 is connected to a central processing unit 12, an input / output device 14 having a key board for inputting data and a CRT display unit for displaying data, and connected to the central processing unit 12. And the memory 15 connected to the central processing unit 12 and the interface 16 connected to the central processing unit 12 and connected to the motor drive circuits 17 and 18. .
[0017]
The memory 15 stores control data necessary for executing the machining program and the numerical control program.
The one motor drive circuit 17 is connected to the X-axis servomotor 5, and the encoder 5 a of the X-axis servomotor 5 is connected to the motor drive circuit 17 and the interface 16.
[0018]
The other motor drive circuit 18 is connected to the Z-axis servo motor 9, and the encoder 9 a of the Z-axis servo motor 9 is connected to the motor drive circuit 18 and the interface 16.
[0019]
The absolute position of the grinding wheel base 2 and the table 6 is detected by the encoder 5a connected to the X-axis servomotor 5 and the encoder 9a connected to the Z-axis servomotor 9, and the detection signal is The position is fed back to the motor drive circuits 17 and 18 to perform position feedback control and input to the numerical controller 11.
[0020]
Accordingly, a first embodiment of the multi-stage feed grinding method of end face thrust grinding according to the present invention in which the step end face of the flange portion WF of the workpiece W is subjected to thrust grinding in a plurality of stages will be described with reference to FIG.
In the process of the grinding method described below, a program for the path is stored in the memory 15 of the numerical controller 11 in advance, and the X-axis servo motor 5 and the Z-axis servo motor 9 are controlled based on the program. As a result, the grinding wheel 3 is appropriately advanced and retracted in the X-axis direction and the workpiece W in the Z-axis direction, whereby a desired grinding process is performed.
[0021]
First, the part (1) is ground by the side grinding surface 3a of the grinding wheel 3 by cutting and feeding the workpiece W in the workpiece axial direction (Z-axis direction) from the state of FIG. Then, when the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P1, the grinding of the portion (1) is finished. Next, at the position of the workpiece W, the grinding wheel 3 is cut and ground and fed in the direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis (X-axis direction) until the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P2 from the point P1. The portion (2) is ground by the outer peripheral grinding surface 3b of the grinding wheel 3. Next, the grinding wheel 3 is left as it is, and the workpiece W is cut and fed in the Z-axis direction until the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches from the point P2 to the point P3, and is partially fed by the side grinding surface 3a of the grinding wheel 3. Grind (3). Further, the work wheel W is cut and fed in the X-axis direction until the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P4 from the point P3, and the workpiece W is partially cut by the outer peripheral grinding surface 3b of the grinding wheel 3. Grind (4). In this case, the processing width of the part (4) of the workpiece W is required to be smaller than the width of the grinding wheel 3. Further, the grinding wheel 3 is left as it is, and the workpiece W is cut and fed in the Z-axis direction until the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P4 to the point P5, and is fed by the side grinding surface 3a of the grinding wheel 3. Grind part (5). At this time, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the stepped portion of the workpiece W is finish-ground by the outer peripheral grinding surface 3 b of the grinding wheel 3. Accordingly, the grinding feed of the portion where finish grinding is performed is set to a slow feed rate compared to other grinding feeds. When the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P5, spark-out grinding is performed to finish a predetermined grinding operation, and the grinding wheel 3 is retracted in the X-axis direction. At this time, the workpiece W may be slightly released in the Z-axis direction, and the grinding wheel 3 may be retracted in the X-axis direction so that the grinding wheel 3 does not contact the processed end surface of the workpiece.
[0022]
As described above, when the workpiece end face is subjected to thrust grinding, the ground portion is divided into (1) to (5), and multi-stage feed grinding is performed. Among them, the thrust grinding is performed in three stages (1), (3), and (5), but the stage can be determined as appropriate, for example, a four-stage process. When thrust grinding the workpiece end face, it is possible to divide the side contact area of the grinding wheel because it is multi-stage feed, keep the grinding resistance low, and set the grinding feed speed at each grinding stage optimally As a result, grinding efficiency can be increased and processing time can be shortened. In addition, since the grinding resistance can be kept low, grinding burn of the grinding surface does not occur, and rapid wear of the grinding wheel can be prevented.
Furthermore, the multi-stage feed in this case repeats alternately the cutting grinding feed of the workpiece in the axial direction and the cutting grinding feed in the direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis, so that the side grinding surface of the grinding wheel and the peripheral grinding surface are separated. Since the wheel is used alternately and the grinding wheel is used effectively, the life of the grinding wheel can be extended.
[0023]
Next, a second embodiment of the multi-stage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the part (1) is ground by the side grinding surface 3a of the grinding wheel 3 by cutting and feeding the workpiece W in the Z-axis direction from the state of FIG. Then, when the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P1, the grinding of the portion (1) is finished, and the grinding wheel 3 is once released from the end face of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction as indicated by a dotted arrow. In this state, the grinding wheel 3 is fed by a certain amount in the X-axis direction. In this state, the workpiece W is cut and fed again in the Z-axis direction, and the grinding wheel 3 is fed by cutting and feeding until the angle P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P2, similarly to the portion (1). The portion (2) is ground by the side grinding surface 3a. Then, as described above, the grinding wheel 3 is released from the end surface of the workpiece W by moving the workpiece W in the Z-axis direction as indicated by a dotted arrow, and in this state, the grinding wheel 3 is moved in the X-axis direction. Send to the finished dimensions. In this state, the workpiece W is cut and fed in the Z-axis direction, and the grinding wheel 3 is cut and fed until the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P3, similarly to the portion (1). The portion (3) is ground by the side grinding surface 3a, and at the same time, the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece step portion is finish ground by the outer peripheral grinding surface 3b of the grinding wheel 3. When the corner point P0 of the grinding wheel 3 reaches the point P3, spark-out grinding is performed to finish a predetermined grinding operation, and the workpiece W is slightly released along the dotted arrow in the Z-axis direction. The grinding wheel 3 is retracted in the X-axis direction so as not to contact the processed end surface.
[0024]
In this method, the cutting grinding feed in the radial direction of the workpiece of the grinding wheel is not performed, and the cutting grinding feed in the axial direction of the workpiece is divided into three stages (1), (2), and (3). The depth of cut increases gradually from (1) to (3). As in the case of FIG. 2, the division is not limited to three stages.
In this method, in addition to the operation and effect of the grinding method of FIG. 2, the incision grinding of the end face thrust grinding in the workpiece axial direction is divided into three stages, and the grinding wheel 3 is machined for each incision grinding. Since the coolant is separated from the surface, the coolant liquid can sufficiently enter the workpiece grinding portion, the grinding resistance can be further reduced, grinding burn can be prevented, and the machining time can be shortened as a result.
[0025]
FIG. 4 shows a modification (third embodiment) of the second embodiment.
Similarly to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the cutting grinding feed in the radial direction (X-axis direction) of the workpiece of the grinding wheel is not performed, and the cutting grinding feed in the axial direction of the workpiece is (1). , (2) and (3) are divided into three stages. However, the amount of cutting in the axial direction is deeper in (3) on the inner diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the end of machining than in (1) on the outer diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the machining start stage. The cutting depth of (2) in the intermediate part in the workpiece radial direction is shallower than (1) and (3).
In the third embodiment, the grinding amount of the grinding portion (3), which is finish grinding, is reduced by increasing the grinding amount (removal allowance) in the X-axis direction of the grinding portion (1) and the grinding portion (2). By increasing the grinding amount of the grinding portion (1) and the grinding portion (2) that can increase the grinding feed speed, the grinding amount of the grinding portion (3), which is a finish grinding process with a slow grinding feed speed, can be reduced. This can further reduce the total grinding time.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
The multi-stage feed grinding method of the end surface thrust grinding of the present invention is a multi-stage infeed in the axial direction of the work from the radially outer circumference to the inner circumference of the work. In the thrust grinding of the workpiece end face, the multi-stage feed makes it possible to divide the side contact area of the grinding wheel, keep the grinding resistance low, and reduce the grinding burn of the grinding surface. It does not occur, and rapid wear of the grinding wheel can be prevented. The number of stages of multi-stage feeding can be arbitrarily set, and the grinding efficiency can be increased by optimally setting the grinding feed speed of each grinding stage.
[0027]
In addition, the amount of cut in the axial direction of the workpiece in multi-stage cutting grinding feed is made deeper on the inner diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the end of machining than on the outer diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the machining start stage. It is possible to reduce the amount of grinding at the finish grinding as the end stage, and to shorten the total grinding time.
[0028]
Furthermore, the grinding wheel is moved away from the workpiece processing surface at every cutting by returning the grinding wheel to a position outside the end face of the workpiece for each cutting in the axial direction of the multi-stage cutting grinding feed. The coolant liquid can sufficiently enter the workpiece grinding portion, the grinding resistance can be further reduced, grinding burn can be prevented, and the returning process can be returned quickly, resulting in a reduction in processing time.
[0029]
Furthermore, the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention divides the side contact area of the grinding wheel by sequentially performing the axial cutting of the workpiece and the radial cutting of the workpiece. Thus, the grinding resistance can be kept low, and the side grinding surface and the outer circumferential grinding surface of the grinding wheel can be used alternately, so that the life of the grinding wheel can be extended.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a grinding apparatus to which a multi-stage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding according to the present invention is applied and a numerical control apparatus thereof.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a multi-stage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view showing another embodiment of the multi-step feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the multi-stage feed grinding method of the end face thrust grinding according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a conventional end face grinding method;
FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of a conventional end face grinding method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Bed 2: Grinding wheel base 3: Grinding wheel 3a: Grinding wheel side grinding surface 3b: Grinding wheel outer peripheral grinding surface 5: X-axis servo motor 6: Table 9: Z-axis servo motor 11: Numerical control device W: Machine tool object

Claims (3)

A plurality of movements of the workpiece and the grinding wheel are performed in the direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis and in the axial direction from the outer periphery in the workpiece radial direction to the inner periphery on the end surface of the cylindrical workpiece having a rotating stepped end surface. In combination, an end face that is cut and ground in the direction perpendicular to the workpiece axial direction using the outer peripheral grinding surface of the grinding wheel, and is cut and ground in the workpiece axial direction using the side grinding surface of the grinding wheel In thrust grinding,
From the radial outer circumference to the inner circumference of the workpiece, the cut in the axial direction of the workpiece is cut and fed in multiple stages, the side contact area of the grinding wheel is divided , and at least the cut amount in the axial direction of the workpiece A multistage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding, characterized in that the inner diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the end of machining is deeper than the outer diameter side in the workpiece radial direction at the machining start stage .   2. The multi-stage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding according to claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel is returned to a position outside the end face portion of the workpiece for each cut in the axial direction of each stage in the multi-stage cut grinding feed. .   2. A multi-stage feed grinding process for end face thrust grinding according to claim 1, wherein in the multi-stage feed grinding method for end face thrust grinding, the axial cut grinding of the workpiece and the radial cut grinding of the work piece are sequentially performed. Method.

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