JPH06134668A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To complete the grinding in a short time by providing a control means to move the table so that grinding wheel is relatively moved in the direction of a tapered part when the constant signal of the specified means. CONSTITUTION:A first control means 6 cuts a part of the circumferential surface of a work W with a straight part 2 the constant signal of a specified means 5 is outputted, and then, a second control means 8 grinds the work by moving a table 7 so that a grinding wheel 3 is relatively moved in the direction of a tapered part 1. Then, after a wheel spindle stock 4 is advanced in the radial direction of the work W by the specified amount at the end of the circumferential surface by defining the position of the wheel spindle stock 4 as the reference when the constant signal of the specified menas 5 is outputted by a third control means 9, the table 7 is moved so that the grinding wheel is relatively moved in the direction of the tapered part 1, and grinding is executed. This constitution allows the grinding of the circumferential surface of the work W to be completed only by moving the grinding wheel 3 once along the circumferential surface.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a headstock for rotatably supporting a work, a table for moving the headstock in the axial direction of the work, and a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the work. The present invention relates to a grinding machine provided with a grindstone that is capable of advancing and retreating in a crossing direction, and particularly to a taper portion formed by taper with respect to a circumferential surface of a workpiece and a circle of the workpiece continuous to the tapered portion. The present invention relates to a grinder that grinds with a grindstone having a straight portion having a grinding surface parallel to the peripheral surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when grinding the circumference of a workpiece to a prescribed diameter, if the width of the circumference of the workpiece is smaller than the width of the grindstone, the grinding surface of the grindstone is placed on the circumference. Corresponding to the above, grinding is performed by cutting in the radial direction until a sizing signal is output from the sizing device that outputs a sizing signal when the diameter of the workpiece reaches a predetermined amount. If the circumferential surface of the workpiece is wider than the width, cut the grindstone by a certain amount at the end of the circumferential surface and then move along the circumferential surface to output the sizing signal from the sizing device. Until then, grinding was performed by repeating this operation.

[0003]

However, when the width of the circumferential surface of the workpiece is larger than the width of this grindstone, the grindstone must be reciprocated several degrees along the circumferential surface, and the predetermined diameter is required. It took a long time to grind.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a taper portion 1 having a taper formed on the circumferential surface of a workpiece W and a continuous taper portion 1 are formed. Then, a grindstone 3 having a straight portion 2 having a grinding surface parallel to the circumferential surface of the workpiece W is rotatably supported by a grindstone base 4, and the diameter of the circumferential surface of the workpiece W is measured. The workpiece W
Is provided with a sizing means 5 for outputting a sizing signal when the diameter reaches a predetermined diameter, and the diameter of the workpiece W is set to the sizing means 5
A first moving means 6 for positioning the straight portion 2 at a position to be measured to move the grindstone base 4 forward in the radial direction of the workpiece W is provided, and a sizing signal of the sizing means 5 is output. A second control means 8 for moving the table 7 so that the grindstone 3 relatively moves in the direction of the taper portion 1 is sometimes provided. Alternatively, the sizing signal of the sizing means 5 is output to the second control means 8 when the circumferential surface of the workpiece W has a plurality of circumferential surfaces having different diameters with respect to the first circumferential surface. When the grindstone 4 is advanced in the radial direction of the workpiece W by a predetermined amount at the end portion of the circumferential surface with the position of the grindstone 4 as a reference, the grindstone 3 is moved in the direction of the tapered portion 1. A third control means 9 for moving the table 7 so as to move relatively is provided.

[0005]

With the above construction, in the present invention, the first control means 6 cuts a part of the circumferential surface of the workpiece by the straight portion 2 until the sizing signal of the sizing means 5 is output, and then the second control means The control means 8 moves the table 7 so that the grindstone 3 moves relatively in the direction of the tapered portion 1 to perform the grinding process. Alternatively, the grindstone 4 is machined by a predetermined amount at the end of the circumferential surface with reference to the position of the grindstone 4 when the sizing signal of the sizing means 5 is output by the third control means 9. After advancing in the radial direction of the workpiece W, the table 7 is moved so that the grindstone 3 relatively moves in the direction of the taper portion 1 so as to perform grinding. All that is required is to move 3 along the circumferential surface once.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a bed on which a table 11 is guided and supported so as to be horizontally movable. A headstock 13 and a tailstock 14 are installed on the table 11 so as to face each other, and both ends of the work W are supported by the headstock 13 and the tailstock 14 so that the work rotation axis is parallel to the moving direction of the table 11. The work W is rotationally driven by the headstock 13. A grindstone base 15 is guided and supported on the bed 10 in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the table 11, and the grindstone 1 is mounted on the grindstone base 15.
6 is rotatably supported around an axis parallel to the moving direction of the table 11. This grindstone 16 is a grindstone drive motor 1
7 is driven to rotate via a pulley and a belt (not shown). The table 11 is moved by a servo motor 20 provided on the bed 10, and the grindstone base 15 is moved by a servo motor 21 provided on the bed 10. The servomotors 20 and 21 are NC controlled by a numerical controller 23. Further, the diameter dimension of the work W is measured on the table 11, and when the measured dimension becomes the rough-polishing completion dimension and the fine-polishing completion dimension, the rough-polishing completion sizing signal and the fine-polishing completion sizing signal are sent. A sizing device 24 for outputting each is provided.

The grindstone 16 is a disk-shaped grindstone core 40 having a grindstone layer 41 provided on the outer periphery thereof.
Is obtained by bonding CBN abrasive grains with a vitrified bond. As shown in FIG. 2, a straight portion 30 formed in a straight shape parallel to the work rotation axis and a taper portion 31 formed in a taper shape inclined with respect to the work rotation axis are provided on the outer circumference of the grindstone 16. Has been. The dimensions of each part of the grindstone 16 are 400 mm in diameter up to the outer circumference of the grindstone 16, 10 mm in width of the grindstone 16, and 5 mm in length in the workpiece rotation axis direction of the straight part 30.
The inclination angle of the taper portion 31 with respect to the workpiece rotation axis was 5 degrees.

In the grinding machine according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Not only can one cylindrical surface be traversed as shown in (a), but also a plurality of multi-stage cylindrical surfaces can be continuously traversed as shown in FIG. 3 (b). Traverse Grinding of Single Cylindrical Surface When grinding a single cylindrical surface, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 4, first, the table 11 is moved, and as shown in FIG. The work W is positioned at a position where the left side surface of the grindstone 16 corresponds to the left end surface of the cylindrical surface Wa (step 100). Thereafter, the grindstone base 15 is advanced at a fast-forward speed to move the grindstone 16 to the fast-forward advancing end (step 102), and after completion of the fast-forward movement, a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) is operated to move the sizing device 24. To the work W side. As a result, the tracing stylus of the sizing device 24 is engaged with the cylindrical surface Wa of the work W, and the work size measurement is started (step 104).

After that, the grindstone 15 is moved at a predetermined rough polishing speed,
Move forward by a predetermined small amount (step 10
6) It is determined whether or not the rough sizing completion sizing signal is output from the sizing device 24 (step 108). The processes of steps 106 and 108 are repeated until the rough grinding completion sizing signal is output, and the rough grinding feed of the grindstone 16 is performed. When the left end portion of the work W reaches the completion size of rough grinding, the process proceeds from step 108 to step 110, and the feed speed of the grinding wheel head 15 is changed from the rough grinding feed speed to the fine grinding feed speed. After that, by the processing of step 110 and step 112, the grindstone base 15 is moved at the fine grinding feed speed, and the grindstone 16 is fed by the fine grinding. Then, when the left end portion of the work W is ground to a finish size and the sizing device 24 outputs a fine-polishing completion sizing signal, the process proceeds from step 112 to step 114 to complete the cutting of the grindstone 16 and the table. 11 is moved to the left in FIG. 1, and the entire cylindrical surface Wa of the work W is machined to the finished size. The left end of the table 11 is determined based on the length of the cylindrical surface Wa.

In the above embodiment, in order to simplify the explanation, the feed speed of the grinding wheel head 15 is switched from the rough grinding speed to the fine grinding speed in two steps.
The feed speed of 5 may be switched among five levels of the idle grinding speed, the rough grinding speed, the fine grinding speed, and the fine grinding speed, or more. This also applies to the following examples. Multi-step cylindrical surface traverse grinding When processing a multi-step work W as shown in FIG. 3 (b), for example, the left end cylindrical surface Wa is processed by traverse grinding using a signal from a sizing device, The other cylindrical surface Wb is traverse ground by so-called indirect sizing. In this embodiment, there is a cylindrical portion Wc adjacent to the leftmost cylindrical surface Wa, and only the end surface Ws is to be ground, and this end surface Ws is also machined.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the processing in this case. Steps 202 to 220 are processing for processing the cylindrical surface Wa, and step 218.
From step to step 228 is processing for processing another cylindrical surface Wb. The processing from step 202 to step 216 is almost the same as the processing from step 100 to step 114 in FIG. 4, but in the present embodiment, the end surface Ws of the adjacent cylindrical portion Wc is also ground, so the table of step 202 is used. The position of the whetstone 16 after the movement due to the movement is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), the straight portion 30 of the grindstone 16
The left end surface of is set to the left of the end surface Ws of the cylindrical portion Wc by a predetermined cut amount. Further, the position of the forward feed forward end of the grindstone base 15 in step 204 is the straight portion 3 of the grindstone 16 even after the rapid feed forward movement.
0 is set at a position where it does not interfere with the cylindrical portion Wc.

The grindstone 15 is advanced from the fast-forward advance end at a predetermined end face grinding feed speed, and the end face is ground by the grindstone 16 (step 208). End face Ws of cylindrical portion Wc
When the straight portion 30 of the grindstone 16 approaches the cylindrical portion Wa when the grinding is completed, the processing shifts from step 208 to step 210, and by the processing of steps 210 to 216, the same processing as the above-described first embodiment. Thus, the left end of the cylindrical surface Wa is ground to a finished size. After that, the count value of the current position counter representing the current position of the grinding wheel head 15 is set to a value corresponding to the finishing dimension (finishing dimension of the cylindrical surface) of the cylindrical surface Wa. It is controlled based on the contents of the reset current position counter. After that, the traverse movement of the grindstone 16 causes the entire cylindrical surface Wa to be ground to the finish size. In this embodiment, since the end face between the first-stage cylindrical surface Wa and the second-stage cylindrical surface Wb is also ground, the left end face of the whetstone 16 is ground at the position after traverse of the whetstone 16. It is set to be located on the left side of the power end face by a distance according to the depth of cut.

When the grinding of the cylindrical surface Wa is completed in this way, the process shown in FIG. 6 is performed, and the second-stage cylindrical surface Wb after the end surface grinding is traversed ground. That is, the grindstone base 15 is advanced to the rough grinding completion position at the rough grinding feed speed, and the cylindrical surface W
The left end of b is ground at the rough grinding feed rate (step 22).
2). In addition, the feed of the grindstone 15 at this time is performed based on the count value of the current position counter. Further, by the processing of step 224, the grindstone 15 is advanced to the precise polishing completion position at the precise grinding feed speed, and the left end portion of the cylindrical surface Wb is ground to the finish dimension at the precise grinding feed speed (step 22).
4). After that, the traverse movement of the grindstone 16 grinds the entire cylindrical surface Wb to the finished dimension (step 22).
6).

If the work W is relatively thin and the work W bends undesirably when the cylindrical surface and the end surface are machined at the same time, the left end and the end surface of the cylindrical surface must be ground separately. The process in this case is shown in FIG. 8, and the process of FIG. 6 is performed subsequently to this process. In this case, in step 302, first, the left end surface of the grindstone 16 is positioned at an axial position that does not interfere with the end surface of the cylindrical portion Wc, and then the grindstone base 15 is advanced at the rough grinding feed speed.
The left end portion of the cylindrical surface Wa is processed to the rough polishing completed dimension, and a machining allowance corresponding to the fine grinding amount is left at the left end portion (steps 304 to 31).
0). Incidentally, in step 310, the count value of the current position counter is reset to a value according to the rough polishing completion dimension,
After that, the position of the grindstone 15 is controlled based on the count value of the present position counter.

Thereafter, the grindstone base 15 is retracted (step 312), and the table 11 is moved to position the grindstone 16 at the end surface grinding start position (step 314). After that, the grindstone 15 is advanced at the end surface grinding speed to move the cylindrical portion Wc.
The end surface Ws of is ground from the outer peripheral side. This feeding is continued until the grindstone base 15 reaches the precise grinding completion position (step 316). As a result, the end surface Ws of the cylindrical portion Wc and the left end portion of the cylindrical surface Wa are processed to the finish size. Following this,
The table 11 is traversed and the entire cylindrical surface Wa is ground to a finished size. Following this, the process of FIG. 6 is performed, and the grinding of the other cylindrical surface is performed.

[0016]

As described above, the present invention includes a grindstone having a taper portion tapered to the circumferential surface of a workpiece and a straight portion parallel to the circumferential surface of the workpiece. With this grindstone, the first control means for cutting a part of the circumferential surface of the workpiece by the straight part until the sizing signal of the sizing means is output, and the grindstone moves relatively in the direction of the taper part. A sizing signal of the sizing means is provided, which comprises a second control means for moving the table, or when the circumferential surface of the workpiece has a plurality of circumferential surfaces having different diameters with respect to the first circumferential surface. Is used as a reference, the grindstone is moved relative to the tapered portion after advancing the grindstone in the radial direction of the workpiece by a predetermined amount at the end of the circumferential surface with reference to the position of the grindstone. By providing a third control means for moving the table so that Grinding grindstone circumferential surface along the circumferential surface is completed by simply moving once, it is possible to complete the grinding in a very short time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a grinding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of a grindstone used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a movement trajectory of a grindstone.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the numerical controller according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the numerical controller according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the numerical controller according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a positional change of a grindstone in the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the numerical controller according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a positional change of a grindstone in the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an overall configuration diagram showing the concept of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 16 Whetstone 30 Straight part 31 Tapered part 30 Numerical control device W Work Wa, Wb Cylindrical surface

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Ryohei Mukai, 1-1 Asahi-cho, Kariya City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Koki Co., Ltd. Within the corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A headstock for rotatably supporting a workpiece,
In a grinding machine provided with a table for moving the headstock in the axial direction of the workpiece, and a grindstone base provided so as to be capable of advancing and retracting with respect to the axis of the workpiece, with respect to the circumferential surface of the workpiece. A grindstone provided with a taper portion that forms a taper and a straight portion that is continuous to the taper portion and that has a grinding surface that is parallel to the circumferential surface of the workpiece is rotatably supported on the wheel head,
The sizing means is provided for measuring the diameter of the circumferential surface of the workpiece and outputting a sizing signal when the workpiece has a predetermined diameter, and the diameter of the workpiece is determined by the sizing means. First straightening means is provided to position the straight portion at a position to be measured to advance the grindstone base in the radial direction of the workpiece,
The grinding machine is provided with a second control means for moving the table so that the grindstone relatively moves in the direction of the taper portion when the sizing signal of the sizing means is output. 2. The sizing signal of the sizing means is provided when the circumferential surface of the workpiece has a plurality of circumferential surfaces having different diameters with respect to the first circumferential surface. The grindstone moves relative to the taper portion after advancing the grindstone in the radial direction of the workpiece by a predetermined amount at the end of the circumferential surface with reference to the position of the grindstone when output. And a third control means for moving the table as described above.